US20100126639A1 - Magnesium-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys structural materials and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys structural materials and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20100126639A1 US20100126639A1 US12/451,232 US45123208A US2010126639A1 US 20100126639 A1 US20100126639 A1 US 20100126639A1 US 45123208 A US45123208 A US 45123208A US 2010126639 A1 US2010126639 A1 US 2010126639A1
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- thermal
- aluminum alloys
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- plastic processing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to aluminum alloys and their method of preparation, and more particularly to magnesium-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys for use as structural materials, and the manufacture method thereof.
- Aluminum-silicon alloys (Al—Si alloys), especially those with high silicon content, are widely used in car and aviation industries, due to their low density, high wear resistance, high anti-corrosiveness, and low thermal expansion coefficient. With the common solidification method for preparation of Al—Si alloys, there usually appear large silicon particles and eutectic plates, resulting in a dramatically increased brittleness of the alloys. Thus, it is difficult to improve the solidified microstructure and to obtain various shaped high-performance structural materials through subsequent plastic deformation, which poses a bottleneck for more general applications of these alloys. Traditionally, Al—Si alloys are categorized into the casting aluminum alloy series.
- the above method can be incorporated with thermoplastic processing and subsequent heat treatment, so as to produce Mg-containing high-silicon aluminum alloys with relatively high plasticity and strength, including profiles, bars, sheets, and forgings, for use as advanced new structural materials.
- An object of the present invention is to provide high-silicon aluminum alloys (Al—Si alloys) that contain magnesium (Mg) and have good plasticity and high strength for use as structural materials, and the manufacture method thereof. Without adding any modifiers, the Al—Si alloys are manufactured at low cost with the direct chill casting followed by the thermoplastic process and heat treatment.
- the present invention presents the aluminum alloys containing Mg and high Si, which comprises profiles, bars, sheets, and forgings, wherein the aluminum alloys are made by a process comprising the steps of:
- the Mg-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys for use as structural materials contain 0.2 ⁇ 2.0 wt % of Mg and 8 ⁇ 18 wt % of Si, wherein they have an evenly refined microstructure: the aluminum matrix is fine equiaxed with an average grain size less than 6 ⁇ m, and the silicon and second phase particles are dispersed with an average size less than 5 ⁇ m.
- the Mg-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys may contain at least one of Cu, Zn, Ni, Ti, and Fe elements, wherein a total weight percentage of the Cu, Zn, Ni, Ti, and Fe is less than 2 wt %.
- the step (a) of direct chill casting is subjected to the cast ingot preparation for a given Al—Si alloy, at a relative casting temperature of 150 ⁇ 300° C. above the liquidus line, a casting speed of 100 ⁇ 200 mm/min, and a cooling water flux of 5 ⁇ 15 g/mm ⁇ s on the periphery of the solidified ingot, wherein no modifier is added to the alloy.
- the step (b) of preheat-treating is subjected to the formation of dispersed eutectic Si phase particles in the ingot, at a heating rate of 10 ⁇ 30° C./min, a heating temperature of 450 ⁇ 520° C., and a holding time of 1 ⁇ 3 hours.
- the preheat-treated ingot is subjected to a thermal-plastic processing in the step (c), at a hot-deformation temperature of 400 ⁇ 520° C., followed by cooling naturally or forcedly.
- the hot-deformed product is then heat-treated after the thermal-plastic processing.
- the heat treatment in the step (c) further comprises a step of solution treatment and a step of artificial aging process.
- the solution treatment is performed at a heating rate of 10 ⁇ 30° C./min, a solution treatment temperature of 500 ⁇ 540° C., and a solution treatment time of 0.5 ⁇ 3 hours, followed by quenching.
- the artificial aging process is performed at an aging temperature of 160 ⁇ 200° C., and an aging time of 1-10 hours.
- the heat treatment in the step (c) further comprises a step of artificial or natural aging treatment, wherein the artificial treatment is performed at an aging temperature of 160 ⁇ 200° C., and an aging time of 1 ⁇ 10 hours.
- a hot rolling process is adapted in the step of thermal-plastic processing, wherein the ingot is hot deformed at a total rolling reduction of more than 40%.
- a hot extrusion process is adapted in the step of thermal-plastic processing, wherein the ingot is hot deformed at an extrusion ratio of more than 15.
- a hot forging process is adapted in the step of thermal-plastic processing, wherein the ingot is hot deformed at a forging ratio of more than 40%.
- the present invention overcomes the cognition prejudice traditionally imposed on Al—Si alloys. Without adding any modifiers, an unexpected effect has been reached on the magnesium-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys prepared by incorporating conventional direct chill casting method with thermal-plastic process and heat treatment. They are typically of fine-dispersed silicon particles and second phase at equiaxed Al matrix, associated with a relatively high strength and good plasticity for potential use as structural materials
- FIG. 14 gives a comparison of mechanical properties between the Al—Si extrusion alloys of the present invention and the China National Standard extrusion alloy 6063 at the T5 and T6 states, wherein the alloys of the present invention are Al-8.5Si-1.8Mg-0.27Fe, Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg-1.5Cu-0.3Ni-0.3Ti-0.3Fe, and Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe, respectively.
- the yield strength and tensile strength of the Al-8.5Si-1.8Mg-0.27Fe, Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg-1.5Cu-0.3Ni-0.3Ti-0.3Fe, and Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe extrusion alloys at the T6 state are higher than the China National Standards for the extrusion alloy 6063 at the T6 state.
- the mechanical properties of these alloys at the extrusion state (T1), especially the elongation rate, are also higher than the China National Standards for the 6063 alloys at the T5 state.
- the 6063 alloys As the most common aluminum extrusion alloys, the 6063 alloys have been widely used in architectures, vehicles, and decorations etc., which have great need in the existing market. Once the 6063 alloys are partially replaced by the magnesium-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys of the present invention, it will bring great economic benefits. In addition, the use of an increased amount of Si in the alloys can dramatically conserve the aluminum resource.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device of direct chill casting according to preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a microstructure of ingot of Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg-0.3Fe alloy (#3) at cast condition during the direct chill casting process according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein a casting temperature is 730° C., a casting rate is 180 mm/min, and a cooling water flow rate is 8 g/mm ⁇ s.
- FIG. 3 is a high magnification microstructure of ingot of Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg-0.3Fe alloy (#3) at cast condition during the direct chill casting process according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein a casting temperature is 730° C., a casting rate is 180 mm/min, and a cooling flow rate of the surrounding water is 8 g/mm ⁇ s.
- FIG. 4 is a microstructure of Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg-0.3Fe alloy (#3) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 2 hours, heat extruded at 470° C. (having extraction ratio of 15) according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a T6 state microstructure of Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg-0.3Fe alloy (#3) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 2 hours, heat extruded at 470° C. (having extraction ratio of 15) according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein said T6 state is at a solution temperature 540° C. for one hour, and at an artificial aging temperature 200° C. for 3 hours.
- FIG. 6 is a microstructure of ingot of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) at cast condition during the direct chill casting process according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein a casting temperature is 800° C., a casting rate is 140 mm/min, and a cooling water flow rate is 10 g/mm ⁇ s.
- FIG. 7 is a high magnification microstructure of ingot of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) at cast condition during the direct chill casting process according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein a casting temperature is 800° C., a casting rate is 140 mm/min, and a cooling water flow rate is 10 g/mm ⁇ s.
- FIG. 8 is a microstructure of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 2 hours, heat extruded at 470° C. (having extrusion ratio of 45) according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a microstructure of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 1 hour, heat rolled at 500° C. (pressing amount of 60%) according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a T6 state microstructure of ingot of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 2 hours, heat extruded at 470° C. (having extraction ratio of 45) according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein said T6 state is at a solution temperature 520° C. for 2 hours, and at an artificial aging temperature 180° C. for 4 hours.
- FIG. 11 is a T6 state microstructure of rectangular ingot of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 1 hour, heat rolling at 500° C. (pressing amount of 60%) according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein said T6 state is at a solution temperature 520° C. for 3 hours, and at an artificial aging temperature 200° C. for 4 hours.
- FIG. 12 is a T6 state of high rate microstructure of Al-15.5Si-0.7Mg-0.27Fe alloy (#5) after pre-heated to 500° C. for 2 hours, heat extruded at 470° C. (having extrusion ratio of 45) according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein said T6 state is at a solution temperature 520° C. for 2 hours, and at an artificial aging temperature 180° C. for 4 hours.
- FIG. 13 is a microstructure of ingot of Al-17.5Si-0.7Mg-1.0Cu-0.27Fe alloy (#7) at cast condition during the direct chill casting process according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein a casting temperature is 850° C., a casting rate is 120 mm/min, and a cooling water flow rate is 10 g/mm ⁇ s.
- FIG. 14 is a table showing the comparisons mechanical properties of extrusion Si Al alloy of the present invention and the China standard extrusion of 6063 alloy.
- FIG. 15 is a table showing the compositions of an alloy made from the ingot via the casting process.
- FIG. 16 is a table showing the parameters of different alloys through casting process.
- FIG. 17 is a table showing the parameters of the pre-heating process and extraction process of each of alloys.
- FIG. 18 is a table showing the parameters of the pre-heating process and rolling process of each of alloys.
- FIG. 19 is a table showing the parameters of the pre-heating process and forging process of each of alloys.
- FIG. 20 is a table showing the parameters of the extrusion process for different alloys.
- FIG. 21 is a table showing the parameters of the rolling process for different alloys.
- FIG. 22 is a table showing the parameters of the forging process for different alloys.
- FIG. 23 is a table showing the mechanical properties under variety of deformation processes and heat treatments situations.
- FIG. 1 of the drawings a step of casting ingot via the direct chill casting method according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- FIG. 1 of the drawings A device designed for the direct chill casting process is shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings, wherein the device comprises a cooling water inlet 1 , a crystallizer 2 , a hot top 4 , and a graphite ring 5 , wherein a raw material 3 of the ingot and a liquid metal 6 are separately received within a container of the device.
- FIG. 15 A plurality of compositions of an alloy made from the ingot via the casting process is shown in FIG. 15 .
- FIG. 16 A plurality of parameters of the casting process is shown in FIG. 16 .
- FIGS. 17 , 18 , and 19 a step of preheating, followed by hot extruding, or hot rolling, or hot forging the ingot according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the ingot is heated in an oven at a predetermined heating rate. After the predetermined temperature is reached, the ingot is held for a predetermined time. Then, a hot extrusion device, or a hot rolling device, or a hot forging device is used to complete a thermal-plastic processing.
- a plurality of parameters of the preheating and hot extruding for each of the alloys is shown in FIG. 17 .
- a plurality of parameters of the preheating and hot rolling for each of the alloys is shown in FIG. 18 .
- a plurality of parameters of the preheating and hot forging for each of the alloys is shown in FIG. 19 .
- FIGS. 20 , 21 , 22 , and 23 a step of heat treatment after hot deformation of the alloys, such as hot extrusion, hot rolling, and hot forging, according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the heat treatment is applied to the product at a predetermined temperature.
- a plurality of parameters of the hot extrusion, hot rolling, and hot forging processes are shown in FIGS. 20 , 21 , and 22 respectively.
- a plurality of mechanical properties of the alloys after the heat treatments is shown in FIG. 23 .
- the present invention provides the industrial use of the Mg-contained high silicon aluminum alloys (Al—Si alloy), and the manufacture method thereof. Without adding any modifiers, the Al—Si alloys having good plasticity and relatively high strength are manufactured at low cost with the direct chill casting followed by the thermal-plastic process and heat treatment, for use as structural materials.
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN200710011919.0 | 2007-06-29 | ||
CN200710011919 | 2007-06-29 | ||
PCT/CN2008/001246 WO2009003365A1 (fr) | 2007-06-29 | 2008-06-30 | Pièce de matériau de structure en alliage d'al contenant mg et à forte teneur en si et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20100126639A1 true US20100126639A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/451,232 Abandoned US20100126639A1 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2008-06-30 | Magnesium-contained high-silicon aluminum alloys structural materials and manufacture method thereof |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100126639A1 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP2172572B1 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP2010531388A (ru) |
KR (1) | KR20100018048A (ru) |
CN (1) | CN101333614B (ru) |
CA (1) | CA2689332A1 (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2463371C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2009003365A1 (ru) |
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US10113218B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2018-10-30 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Cast Al—Si—Mg-based aluminum alloy having excellent specific rigidity, strength and ductility, and cast member and automobile road wheel made thereof |
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- 2008-06-30 EP EP08772999.2A patent/EP2172572B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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- 2008-06-30 CA CA002689332A patent/CA2689332A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-30 US US12/451,232 patent/US20100126639A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-30 RU RU2009149092/02A patent/RU2463371C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-30 WO PCT/CN2008/001246 patent/WO2009003365A1/zh active Application Filing
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10113218B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2018-10-30 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Cast Al—Si—Mg-based aluminum alloy having excellent specific rigidity, strength and ductility, and cast member and automobile road wheel made thereof |
CN106399765A (zh) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-02-15 | 湖南理工学院 | Al‑Si‑Mg铝合金及其制备工艺 |
CN112941433A (zh) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种改善6082铝合金停放效应的时效工艺 |
CN113881907A (zh) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-01-04 | 山东创新金属科技有限公司 | 一种挤压铸造铝合金的时效处理工艺 |
CN115305391A (zh) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-08 | 中南大学 | 一种低能耗铝硅镁合金及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2172572A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
CN101333614A (zh) | 2008-12-31 |
WO2009003365A1 (fr) | 2009-01-08 |
EP2172572A4 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
KR20100018048A (ko) | 2010-02-16 |
RU2009149092A (ru) | 2011-08-10 |
CA2689332A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
CN101333614B (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
EP2172572B1 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
RU2463371C2 (ru) | 2012-10-10 |
JP2010531388A (ja) | 2010-09-24 |
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