US20040067115A1 - Deep-hole drill having back-tapered web - Google Patents

Deep-hole drill having back-tapered web Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040067115A1
US20040067115A1 US10/462,754 US46275403A US2004067115A1 US 20040067115 A1 US20040067115 A1 US 20040067115A1 US 46275403 A US46275403 A US 46275403A US 2004067115 A1 US2004067115 A1 US 2004067115A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
drill
web
main body
cylindrical main
flute
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US10/462,754
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English (en)
Inventor
Takahiro Yamamoto
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OSG Corp
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OSG Corp
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Assigned to OSG CORPORATION reassignment OSG CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YAMAMOTO, TAKAHIRO
Publication of US20040067115A1 publication Critical patent/US20040067115A1/en
Priority to US11/483,626 priority Critical patent/US7740426B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/02—Twist drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2250/00—Compensating adverse effects during turning, boring or drilling
    • B23B2250/12—Cooling and lubrication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/24—Overall form of drilling tools
    • B23B2251/241—Cross sections of the diameter of the drill
    • B23B2251/244—Cross sections of the diameter of the drill decreasing in a direction towards the shank from the tool tip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
    • B23B2251/402—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves with increasing depth in a direction towards the shank from the tool tip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/44—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with means to apply transient, fluent medium to work or product
    • Y10T408/45—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with means to apply transient, fluent medium to work or product including Tool with duct
    • Y10T408/455—Conducting channel extending to end of Tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
    • Y10T408/909—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges
    • Y10T408/9095—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges with axially extending relief channel
    • Y10T408/9097—Spiral channel

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to a drill for drilling a deep hole, and more particularly to such a drill having a long tool life without suffering from its breakage due to chip packing or poor chip removal in a deep-hole drilling operation at a high drilling speed.
  • JP-U-H5-60715 discloses a drill in which each chip evacuation flute has a width larger in an axially proximal end portion of the main body (i.e., a portion of the main body adjacent to the shank) than in an axially distal end portion of the main body, in the interest of preventing chip packing.
  • JP-A-H5-261612 discloses a drill in which the web thickness is smaller in an axially proximal end portion of the main body than in an axially distal end portion of the main body.
  • JP-A-S63-89210 discloses a drill in which the surface of each chip evacuation flute is finished by a polishing operation and has a surface roughness Rz of not larger than 3 ⁇ m.
  • the drill In such a high-speed drilling condition, the drill sometimes suffers from its breakage due to chip packing or poor chip removal from the drilled hole. Therefore, the deep-hole drilling operation can not be satisfactorily achieved by the conventional drill, without reducing the feed rate f and/or the peripheral velocity V, or without adopting a so-called “step drilling” (i.e., feeding the drill in an intermittent manner).
  • the present invention was made in view of the background prior art discussed above. It is therefore a first object of the present invention to provide a drill having a long tool life without suffering from its breakage due to chip packing or poor chip removal in a deep-hole drilling operation at a high drilling speed. This first object may be achieved according to any one of first through thirteenth aspects of the invention which are described below.
  • This second object may be achieved according to a fourteenth aspect of the invention which is described below.
  • the first aspect of this invention provides a drill which comprises a cylindrical main body and a shank contiguous to each other, and which is to be rotated about an axis of the cylindrical main body in a predetermined rotating direction, for drilling a hole in a workpiece
  • the cylindrical main body has: (a) at least one flute each of which is formed in the cylindrical main body and extends from an axially distal end of the cylindrical main body to an axially proximal end of the cylindrical main body, so as to provide a cutting lip or edge at the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body; (b) at least one land each of which is provided by a peripheral portion of the cylindrical main body not cut away by the above-described at least one flute; and (c) a web provided by a central portion of the cylindrical main body which extends in an axial direction of the cylindrical main body; wherein the web includes a back-tapered portion which is provided by at least an axially distal end portion of the web, such that a thickness of the
  • the thickness of the web in the back-tapered portion is reduced at a constant rate as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body toward the shank.
  • the back-tapered portion of the web is provided by not only the axially distal end portion but also axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web.
  • the back-tapered portion of the web is provided by only the axially distal end portion of the web which has a predetermined axial length not smaller than a diameter of the drill, wherein the web further includes a non-back-tapered portion which is provided by axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web, such that the thickness of the web in the non-back-tapered portion is constant.
  • the back-tapered portion of the web is provided by only the axially distal end portion of the web which has a predetermined axial length not smaller than a diameter of the drill, wherein the web further includes a non-back-tapered portion which is provided by axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web, such that the thickness of the web in the non-back-tapered portion is increased as viewed in the direction away firm the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body toward the shank.
  • a relationship between a diameter of the drill and a maximum value of the thickness of the web and a relationship between the diameter of the drill and a minimum value of the thickness of the web are represented by the following expressions:
  • D represents the diameter of the drill
  • W 1 represent the maximum value of the thickness of the web
  • W 2 represent the minimum value of the thickness of the web.
  • a flute-width ratio of a width of each of the above-described at least one flute to a width of each of the above-described at least one land is 0.6-1.5 in a web-thickness maximized portion of the cylindrical main body in which the thickness of the web is maximized while the flute-width ratio is 0.8-1.7 in a web-thickness minimized portion of the cylindrical main body in which the thickness of the web is minimized.
  • the width of each of the above-described at least one flute and the width of each of the above-described at least one land may be defined by a central angle ⁇ 2 of each flute and a central angle ⁇ 1 of each land, respectively.
  • a surface of each of the above-described at least one flute has a roughness curve whose maximum height Ry of not larger than 3 ⁇ m.
  • the cylindrical main body is coated with a hard coating, and the surface of each of the above-described at least one flute coated with the hard coating is polished so as to have the roughness curve whose maximum height Ry of not larger than 3 ⁇ m.
  • the above-described at least one flute consists of two flutes which are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the cylindrical main body, wherein the above-described at least one land consists of two lands which are joined by the web and each of which is located between the two flutes, and wherein a front-side wall of each of the two flutes (as viewed in the predetermined rotating direction) is concaved in a direction away from a leading edge which is provided by a rear-side one of widthwise opposite edges of each of the two flutes (as viewed in the predetermined rotating direction), such that a most concaved portion of the front-side wall is distant from a straight line which passes through the axis and a heel or rear end of a corresponding one of the two lands (as viewed in the predetermined rotating direction), by a predetermined distance that is equal to a half of value represented by the
  • D represents a diameter of the drill
  • t represents the value that is twice as large as the predetermined distance.
  • the above-described rear end of the land corresponds to an intersection of the front-side wall of each flute and the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding one of the two lands.
  • a beveled face is formed in the rear end of each land or at the intersection of the front-side wall of each flute and the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding land, the rear end or intersection is an imaginary rear end or intersection.
  • the above-described at least one flute has an axial length of at least ten times as large as a diameter of the drill which is not larger than 8 mm.
  • the axial length of the flute corresponds to a so-called “flute length” which is a length, as measured in a direction parallel with the axis of the cylindrical main body, from an outer corner of the cutting lip to an extreme back end of the flute.
  • An increase in the axial length of the flute leads to an increase in a maximum distance over which the drill can be continuously fed in a depth direction for drilling a hole without necessity of adopting a step drilling cycle.
  • the drill further comprises an oil hole which is formed through the cylindrical main body and the shank and which opens in an end flank face located on a rear side of the cutting edge as viewed in the above-described predetermined rotating direction.
  • the cylindrical main body has a large diameter portion provided by an axially distal end portion thereof, and a small diameter portion provided by a portion thereof adjacent to the shank, the large diameter portion having a diameter which is reduced as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body toward the shank, the small diameter portion having a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the large diameter portion and which is constant over an entire length of the small diameter portion.
  • the fourteenth aspect of the invention provides a process of drilling a hole in a workpiece by using the drill defined in any one of the first through thirteenth aspects of the invention, the process comprising a step of feeding the drill and the workpiece relative to each other at a feed rate of at least 0.10 mm/rev while rotating the drill and the workpiece relative to each other at a peripheral velocity of at least 80 m/min.
  • the web includes the back-tapered portion provided by at least the axially distal end portion of the web, such that the thickness of the web in the back-tapered portion is gradually or continuously reduced as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body toward the shank.
  • This arrangement facilitates a smooth evacuation of chips from the drilled hole, thereby preventing a breakage of the drill which would be caused in the event of chip packing in the hole.
  • the smooth evacuation of chip leads to an increase in the tool life, and makes it possible to achieve a deep-hole drilling operation with a high efficiency.
  • the drill is capable of satisfactorily drilling the deep hole in a high-speed drilling condition in which the drill is fed at a feed rate f of at least 0.10 mm/rev while being rotated at a peripheral velocity V of at least 80 m/min. That is, even in such a high-speed drilling condition, the drill is capable of drilling a sufficiently large number of deep holes successively without suffering from its breakage due to chip packing.
  • the back-tapered portion is provided by not only the axially distal end portion of the web but also the axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web, namely, the back-tapered portion extends throughout substantially the entire axial length of the flute except an extreme back end portion of the flute in which the flute runs out.
  • the chips are further smoothly evacuated from the drilled hole through the flute.
  • the web includes the non-back-tapered portion in addition to the back-tapered portion provided by only the axially distal end portion of the web. Owing to the non-back-tapered portion, the web thickness is prevented from being excessively reduced, for thereby avoiding an easy breakage of the main body which would be caused by a considerable reduction in the strength of the main body.
  • the relationship between the maximum value W 1 of the web thickness and the drill diameter D and the relationship between the minimum value W 2 of the web thickness and the drill diameter D are represented by the expressions 0.2D ⁇ W 1 ⁇ 0.4D, 0.15D ⁇ W 2 ⁇ 0.33D.
  • the above-described flute-width ratio is 0.6-1.5 in the web-thickness maximized portion of the cylindrical main body, and is 0.8-1.7 in the web-thickness minimized portion of the cylindrical main body.
  • the surface smoothness of the flute facilitates displacement of the chips through the flute, thereby permitting a further smooth evacuation of the chips and further reliably preventing a breakage of the drill which would be caused in the event of chip packing.
  • the cylindrical main body having the flute formed in its outer circumferential surface is coated with a hard coating, and the surface of the flute is polished, lapped or otherwise finished so as to have a desired degree of smoothness.
  • a wear of the flute surface is protected by the hard coating, so that a smooth evacuation of the chips is assured during a long period of time, whereby the tool life is further extended.
  • the front-side wall of each of the two flutes is concaved in the direction away from the leading edge, i.e., the rear-side edge of the flute, such that the most concaved portion of the front-side wall is distant from the straight line which passes through the axis and the rear end of the corresponding land, by a predetermined distance t/2 that is equal to a half of value t satisfying the expression 0.15D ⁇ t ⁇ 0.35D (where D represents the drill diameter).
  • the drill of this tenth aspect of the invention is likely to produce short curly chips, so that the produced chips are easily broken into small pieces. Thus, the chips are further smoothly evacuated from the drilled hole.
  • the principle of the invention is advantageously applicable to a drill, as defined in the above-described eleventh aspect of the invention, having the drill diameter of not larger than 8 mm and the flute length of at least ten times as large as the drill diameter.
  • the principle of the invention is further advantageously applicable to a drill having the drill diameter of not larger than 6 mm and the flute length of at least 15 times as large as the drill diameter.
  • the principle of the invention is applicable to also a drill having the drill diameter larger than 8 mm and the flute length of at least 4-5 times as large as the drill diameter.
  • the drill constructed according to this invention can be advantageously used in a deep-hole drilling operation in which a deep hole is drilled in a workpiece by feeding the drill and the workpiece relative to each other at a feed rate f of at least 0.10 mm/rev while rotating the drill and the workpiece relative to each other at a peripheral velocity V of at least 80 m/min.
  • the drill can be further advantageously used in an operation in a higher-speed drilling condition, for example, with a feed rate f of at least 0.20 mm/rev and a peripheral velocity V of at least 90 mm/rev.
  • the drill can be used in an operation in a relatively low-speed drilling condition, for example, with a feed rate f lower than 0.10 mm/rev and a peripheral velocity V lower than 80 m/min.
  • each of the above-described at least one flute is formed to extend in a helical direction of the cylindrical main body so that the chips accommodated in the flutes are displaced toward the shank as the drill is rotated in the predetermined rotating direction.
  • an entirety or part of each flute may be formed to extend in parallel with the axis of the cylindrical main body.
  • the above-described at least one flute consists of two flutes which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the cylindrical main body.
  • the number of the flutes does not have to be necessarily two, but may be three or more.
  • the above-described at least one flute may consist of a single flute.
  • the thickness of the web in the back-tapered portion is reduced linearly, i.e., at a constant rate as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body toward the shank, as in the above-described second aspect of the invention.
  • the rate of the reduction in the web thickness does not have to be necessarily constant, but may be gradually increased or reduced so that the web thickness in the back-tapered portion is reduced nonlinearly.
  • the back-tapered portion is radially outwardly convexed.
  • the back-tapered portion is radially inwardly concaved.
  • the outside diameter of the cylindrical main body may be constant over its entire axial length so that the diameter of the cylindrical main body over its entire axial length is substantially equal to the drill diameter D.
  • the cylindrical main body is slightly back-tapered for reducing a friction between the land surface of the main body and the inner surface of the drilled hole.
  • the cylindrical main body may have a large diameter portion provided by its axially distal end portion, and a small-diameter portion provided by its portion adjacent to the shank, as in the above-described thirteenth aspect of the invention. In this arrangement, a difference in the diameters of the large and small diameter portions may be not smaller than 0.1 mm.
  • the drill of this invention is preferably formed of a hard tool material such as cemented carbide, cermet and CBN (cubic boron nitrides) sintered body.
  • the drill may be formed of a steel material such as sintered high speed steel, high speed tool steel and alloy tool steel.
  • the cylindrical main body and the shank may be formed of respective materials different from each other, for example, so that the main body is formed of a hard tool material while the shank is formed of a steel material.
  • the cylindrical main body is coated with a hard coating which is formed of, for example, TiAlN, TiCN and diamond material.
  • the hard coating may be either of a multilayer coating and a single layer coating.
  • the hard coating covering the cylindrical main body may be subjected to a surface finishing operation such as a lapping and a magnetic polishing.
  • an oil hole is formed through the cylindrical main body and the shank so as to open in the end flank face, as in the above-described twelfth aspect of the invention, so that a cutting fluid or a compressed air is supplied to the cutting point through the oil hole as needed in a drilling operation.
  • FIG. 1A is a side view of a deep-hole drill constructed according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1B is a view showing a continuous reduction of the web thickness in the drill of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 1C is a transverse cross sectional view of the drill of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 1D is an end view of the drill of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 2A is a table indicating drilling conditions under which deep holes each having a depth of 90 mm are drilled by the drill of the invention and conventional drills in a test for measuring a durability of each drill;
  • FIG. 2B is a graph indicating a result of the test of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3A is a table indicating drilling conditions under which deep holes each having a depth of 120 mm are drilled by the drill of the invention and conventional drills in another test for measuring a durability of each drill;
  • FIG. 3B is a graph indicating a result of the test of FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to that of FIG. 1B, showing a deep-hole drill constructed according to another embodiment of this invention.
  • FIGS. 1 A- 1 D show a deep-hole drill 10 which is constructed according to an embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 1A is a side view of the drill 10 as seen in a direction perpendicular to an axis O of the drill 10 .
  • FIGS. 1B and 1C are longitudinal and transverse cross sectional views of the drill 10 .
  • FIG. 1D is an end view of the drill 10 , showing an axially distal end portion of the drill 10 in which a pair of cutting lips or edges 16 are formed symmetrically with respect to the axis O.
  • This drill 10 is of a two-fluted twist drill, and is formed of a cemented carbide.
  • the drill 10 includes a cylindrical shank 12 and a cylindrical main body 14 which are coaxial with each other and which are formed integrally with each other.
  • the integrally formed cylindrical shank and main body 12 , 14 cooperate with each other to constitute a body of the drill 10 , which is referred to as a drill body.
  • the cylindrical main body 14 is coated at its surface with a hard multilayer coating formed of TiAlN.
  • the main body 14 has a pair of chip evacuation flutes 18 formed symmetrically with respect to the axis O and extend over substantially the entire axial length of the main body 14 .
  • Each of the flutes 18 is twisted in a clockwise direction by a predetermined helix angle with respect to the axis O.
  • Each of the cutting edges 16 is provided by an axially distal open end of the corresponding flute 18 .
  • the cylindrical main body 14 further has a pair of lands 21 which correspond to peripheral portions of the main body 14 not cut away by the flutes 18 .
  • the lands 21 have respective outer circumferential surfaces in the form of land surfaces which have a clearance diameter.
  • the drill 10 is held at the shank 12 through a suitable drill chuck or end mill holder by a spindle of a machine tool such as a drilling machine, a milling machine and a lathe.
  • a machine tool such as a drilling machine, a milling machine and a lathe.
  • the drill 10 is then rotated relative to a workpiece in a predetermined rotating direction, i.e., in a clockwise direction as seen in a direction away from the shank 12 toward the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body 14 , while being axially moved toward the workpiece, so that the workpiece is cut by the cutting edges 16 whereby a hole is formed in the workpiece, while chips produced as a result of the cutting of the workpiece are evacuated from the drilled hole toward the shank 12 via the chip evacuation flutes 18 .
  • the drill 10 is of a twist drill (i.e., helical fluted drill), the drill 10 is illustrated in FIG.
  • FIGS. 1A and B as if it were of a straight fluted drill, for clarifying a gradual change in a thickness (diameter) W of a web 20 as viewed in the axial direction. It is also noted that the configuration of the cylindrical main body 14 shown in FIGS. 1A and B is defined by a rotary trajectory of a leading edge which is provided by a rear-side one of widthwise opposite edges of each flute 18 as viewed in the predetermined rotating direction.
  • the cylindrical main body 14 has a large diameter portion 14 a provided by its axially distal end portion, and a small diameter portion 14 b provided by its portion adjacent to the shank 12 .
  • the large diameter portion 14 a has a drill diameter D (i.e., the diameter of the cutting edges 16 ) at its extreme distal end, and is back-tapered at a predetermined rate.
  • the small diameter portion 14 b has a diameter d which is smaller than the drill diameter D by about 0.2 mm and which is constant over its entire axial length.
  • the large and small diameter portions 14 a , 14 b are contiguous to each other, with a step having a predetermined height between outer circumferential surfaces of the two portions 14 a , 14 b .
  • each flute 18 (i.e., flute length), which is substantially equal to an axial length of the cylindrical main body 14 , is at least 15 times as large as the drill diameter D.
  • the drill diameter D is about 6 mm while the flute length is about 134 mm.
  • An axial length of the large diameter portion 14 a which is at least five times as large as the drill diameter D, is about 40 mm.
  • the drill diameter D and other diametrical dimensions of the drill 10 are measurements made after the cylindrical main body 14 is coated with the hard coating. In other words, the thickness of the hard coating is included in the diametrical dimensions of the dill 10 .
  • FIGS. 1 A- 1 D are merely schematic views in which elements are not necessarily accurately illustrated, particularly, in their relative dimensions.
  • the web 20 is provided by a central portion of the cylindrical main body 14 which joins the lands 21 .
  • the web 20 extending in the axial direction of the cylindrical main body 14 , includes a back-tapered portion in which the thickness W of the web 20 is gradually or continuously reduced at a constant rate as viewed in a direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body 14 toward the shank 12 .
  • the back-tapered portion is provided by not only the axially distal end portion of the web 20 but also the axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web 20 , namely, the back-tapered portion extends over substantially the entire axial length of each flute 18 except its extreme back end portion 19 in which the flute 18 runs out.
  • the web thickness W is maximized in the distal end of the web 20 or the drill body, and is minimized in the proximal end of the web 20 which is adjacent to the extreme back end portion 19 of each flute 18 .
  • the maximum value W 1 of the web thickness W is 0.2D-0.4D, while the minimum value W 2 of the web thickness W is 0.15D-0.33D (where D represents the drill diameter).
  • the maximum value W 1 and the minimum value W 2 of the web thickness W are about 0.33D (about 1.98 mm) and about 0.27D (about 1.62 mm), respectively, so that a taper ratio of the web 20 is ⁇ 0.36/130 mm.
  • the continuous reduction in the web thickness W can be obtained in a process of forming each flute 18 in the cylindrical main body 14 . That is, in the flute forming process, a grinding wheel is continuously moved toward the drill body in a radial direction of the drill body, while being moved in a direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body 14 toward the shank 12 , such that the desired taper ratio is established.
  • a flute-width ratio ⁇ 2 / ⁇ 1 is minimized in the distal end of the drill body in which the web thickness W is maximized, and is maximized in the proximal end of the web 20 .
  • the minimum value of the flute-width ratio ⁇ 2 / ⁇ 1 is 0.6-1.5, while the maximum value of the flute-width ratio ⁇ 2 / ⁇ 1 is 0.8-1.7.
  • the minimum value and the maximum value of the flute-width ratio ⁇ 2 / ⁇ 1 are about 0.9 and 1.0, respectively.
  • the flute-width ratio ⁇ 2 / ⁇ 1 is a ratio of a width of each flute 18 to a width of each land 21 , wherein the width of each flute 18 and the width of each land 21 may be defined by a central angle ⁇ 2 of each flute 18 and a central angle ⁇ 1 of each land 21 , respectively.
  • a cross sectional shape of each flute 18 corresponds to that of a peripheral portion of the grinding wheel used to from each flute 18 .
  • a front-side wall of each flute 18 as viewed in the drill rotating direction is concaved in a direction away from a leading edge provided by a rear-side one of widthwise opposite edges of the flute 18 as viewed in the drill rotating direction.
  • the most concaved portion of the front-side wall is distant from a straight line which passes through the axis O and a rear end of the corresponding land 21 as viewed in the drill rotating direction, by a predetermined distance t/2 whose double value t is represented by the following expression:
  • D represents the drill diameter
  • the above-described double value t may be referred to as a flute front-side wall concaved amount.
  • this flute front-side wall concaved amount t is 0.22D which corresponds to about 1.3 mm.
  • the above-described rear end of each land 21 is an imaginary rear end since a beveled face 22 is formed in the rear end of each land 21 .
  • each flute 18 which is coated with the hard coating, is lapped so as to have the roughness curve whose maximum height Ry is not larger than 3 ⁇ m.
  • a pair of oil holes 24 are formed throughout the entire axial length of the drill body, so as to extend in the helical direction, i.e., in parallel with each flute 18 which also extends in the helical direction.
  • Each of the oil holes 18 is open at its an end in an end flank face 23 , and is open at its another end in an end face of the shank 12 , so that a cutting fluid or a compressed air is supplied to the cutting point through the oil holes 18 as needed when a hole is being drilled.
  • the thickness W of the web 20 is gradually or continuously reduced as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the cylindrical main body 14 toward the shank 12 .
  • This arrangement facilitates a smooth evacuation of chips from the drilled hole, thereby preventing a breakage of the drill 10 which would be caused in the event of chip packing in the hole.
  • the smooth evacuation of chip leads to an increase in the tool life, and makes it possible to achieve a deep-hole drilling operation with a high efficiency.
  • the drill 10 is capable of satisfactorily drilling a deep hole having a depth that is at least 15 times as large as the drill diameter D in a high-speed drilling condition, for example, in which the drill 10 is fed at a feed rate f of at least 0.10 mm/rev while being rotated at a peripheral velocity V of at least 80 m/min. That is, even in such a high-speed drilling condition, the drill 10 is capable of drilling a sufficiently large number of deep holes successively without suffering from its breakage due to chip packing.
  • the back-tapered portion is provided by not only the axially distal end portion of the web 20 but also the axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web 20 , namely, the back-tapered portion extends throughout substantially the entire axial length of each flute 18 except an extreme back end portion of each flute 18 in which the flute 18 runs out.
  • the chips are further smoothly evacuated from the drilled hole through the flutes 18 .
  • the relationship between the maximum value W 1 of the web thickness and the drill diameter D and the relationship between the minimum value W 2 of the web thickness and the drill diameter D are represented by the expressions 0.2D ⁇ W 1 ⁇ 0.4D, 0.15D ⁇ W 2 ⁇ 0.33D.
  • These dimensional relationships are effective to obtain a sufficiently large cross sectional area of each flute 18 for permitting a smooth evacuation of the chips, while preventing an excessive reduction in the web thickness W which would cause an excessive reduction in the strength of the main body 14 of the drill 10 . Namely, owing to the dimensional relationships, the chips are smoothly evacuated through the flutes 18 while an easy breakage of the drill 10 is prevented.
  • the drill 10 of the present embodiment of the invention in which the flute-width ratio is 0.6-1.5 in the web-thickness maximized portion of the cylindrical main body 14 , and is 0.8-1.7 in the web-thickness minimized portion of the cylindrical main body 14 , it is possible to obtain a sufficiently large cross sectional area of each flute 18 for permitting a smooth evacuation of the chips, while preventing an excessive reduction in the width of each land 21 which would cause an excessive reduction in the strength of the main body 14 of the drill 10 .
  • the surface smoothness of the flutes 18 facilitates displacement of the chips through the flutes 18 , thereby permitting a further smooth evacuation of the chips and further reliably preventing a breakage of the drill 10 which would be caused in the event of chip packing or poor chip removal.
  • the cylindrical main body 14 having the flutes 18 formed in its outer circumferential surface is coated with the hard coating, and the surface of each flute 18 is lapped, polished or otherwise finished so as to have a desired degree of smoothness. A wear of the flute surface is protected by the hard coating, so that a smooth evacuation of the chips is assured during a long period of time, whereby the tool life is further extended.
  • each flute 18 in which the front-side wall of each flute 18 is concaved such that the above-described flute front-side wall concaved amount t is held within the range of 0.15D-0.35D (where D represents the drill diameter), it is possible to obtain a sufficiently large cross sectional area of each flute 18 for permitting a smooth evacuation of the chips, without suffering from the excessive reduction in the strength of the main body 14 of the drill 10 . Further, the drill 10 is likely to produce short curly chips, so that the produced chips are easily broken into small pieces. Thus, the chips are further smoothly evacuated from the drilled hole.
  • FIG. 2A is a table for indicating a peripheral velocity V (m/min) (rotation speed of the drill), a feed rate f (mm/rev) and a surface roughness Ry of each flute of the drill in each of the four conditions.
  • 2B is a graph indicating the number of the holes formed without breakage of the drill, namely, the durability of the drill.
  • 666 holes were successively formed without breakage of the drill.
  • an amount of wear on a peripheral corner part of the drill was as small as about 0.3 mm, so that the drill appeared to be still capable of forming further holes.
  • the conventional drill suffered from its breakage after a small number of holes were formed, although a cutting speed (peripheral velocity V, feed rate f) was lower in the conditions Nos. 2-4 than in the condition No. 1.
  • the numbers of the holes formed without breakage of the drill in the conditions Nos. 2-4 were 3, 257 and 1, respectively. In the test, the drill of the present invention thus exhibited a remarkably improved durability.
  • FIG. 3A is a table for indicating a peripheral velocity V (m/min), a feed rate f (mm/rev) and a surface roughness Ry of each flute of the drill, like the table of FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3B is a graph indicating the durability of the drill, like the graph of FIG. 2B. In the condition No. 1 in which the drill of the present invention was used, 666 holes were successively formed without breakage of the drill.
  • FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to that of FIG. 1B, showing a deep-hole drill 30 constructed according to another embodiment of this invention.
  • This drill 30 is different from the drill 10 of the above-described embodiment in that the back-tapered portion of a web 32 is provided by only the axially distal end portion of the web 32 which has a predetermined axial length L not smaller than the drill diameter D.
  • the web 32 includes, in addition to the back-tapered portion, a non-back-tapered portion which is provided by the axially proximal end and intermediate portions of the web 32 .
  • the thickness of the web 32 in the back-tapered portion is reduced linearly, i.e., at a constant rate as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the main body 14 toward the shank 12 .
  • the thickness of the web 32 in the non-back-tapered portion may be constant, or alternatively, may be gradually increased as viewed in the direction away from the axially distal end of the main body 14 toward the shank 12 .
  • the non-back-tapered portion may be referred to as a constant-thickness portion.
  • the axial length L of the back-tapered portion is about 30 mm that is about five times as large as the drill diameter D.
  • the web thickness W is maximized in the distal end of the web 32 or the drill body, and is minimized in the non-back-tapered portion.
  • the maximum value W 1 of the web thickness W is 0.2D-0.4D, while the minimum value W 2 of the web thickness W is 0.15D-0.33D (where D represents the drill diameter).
  • the maximum value W 1 and the minimum value W 2 of the web thickness W are about 0.30D (about 1.80 mm) and about 0.27D (about 1.62 mm), respectively, so that a taper ratio of the web 32 in the back-tapered portion is ⁇ 0.18/30 mm.
  • the drill 30 of this embodiment provides substantially the same technical advantages as the drill 10 of the above-described embodiment. Further, owing to the presence of the non-back-tapered portion in which the web thickness W is constant or gradually increased as viewed in the backward direction, the web thickness W is prevented from being excessively reduced, for thereby avoiding an easy breakage of the main body 14 which would be caused by a considerable reduction in the strength of the main body 14 .
US10/462,754 2002-10-02 2003-06-17 Deep-hole drill having back-tapered web Abandoned US20040067115A1 (en)

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EP1803835A1 (de) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-04 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Beschichteter Schneidwerkzeugeinsatz
WO2008080748A1 (de) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-10 Günther & Co. GmbH Tieflochbohrer mit stützring und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
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EP2441543A1 (de) * 2009-06-11 2012-04-18 Tungaloy Corporation Bohrwerkzeug
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US20130315681A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2013-11-28 Vladimir Volokh Rotary cutter
CN103692002A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-02 大连远东工具有限公司 钻头
CN106694918A (zh) * 2017-01-18 2017-05-24 莆田市荣兴机械有限公司 两侧同心圆孔一次装夹加工用的刀具及其设计方法和应用
EP3296046A1 (de) * 2016-09-19 2018-03-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Bohrer
US20190184473A1 (en) * 2016-05-18 2019-06-20 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Metal drill
EP3599043A1 (de) * 2018-07-23 2020-01-29 Walter Ag Tieflochbohrer
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US20050135887A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-23 Borschert Bernhard W. Twist drill
US20090047080A1 (en) * 2005-02-09 2009-02-19 Gunter Schweighofer Deep Hole Drill
US20080267726A1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2008-10-30 Norihiro Masuda Drill
US8043729B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2011-10-25 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Coated cutting tool insert
US20070148497A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-28 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Coated cutting tool insert
EP1803835A1 (de) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-04 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Beschichteter Schneidwerkzeugeinsatz
WO2008080748A1 (de) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-10 Günther & Co. GmbH Tieflochbohrer mit stützring und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
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WO2018050625A1 (de) * 2016-09-19 2018-03-22 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Bohrer
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EP3639956A4 (de) * 2017-06-13 2021-03-17 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. Bohrer
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EP3599043A1 (de) * 2018-07-23 2020-01-29 Walter Ag Tieflochbohrer
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DE10331328B4 (de) 2021-02-11
DE10331328A1 (de) 2004-04-15
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JP3720010B2 (ja) 2005-11-24
US20060275092A1 (en) 2006-12-07
KR20040030231A (ko) 2004-04-09
JP2004122288A (ja) 2004-04-22

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