US20020021560A1 - Gate driver multi-chip module - Google Patents

Gate driver multi-chip module Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020021560A1
US20020021560A1 US09/813,011 US81301101A US2002021560A1 US 20020021560 A1 US20020021560 A1 US 20020021560A1 US 81301101 A US81301101 A US 81301101A US 2002021560 A1 US2002021560 A1 US 2002021560A1
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Prior art keywords
mosfets
substrate
mcm
module
ground
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Abandoned
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US09/813,011
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English (en)
Inventor
David Jauregui
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Infineon Technologies Americas Corp
Original Assignee
International Rectifier Corp USA
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Publication date
Application filed by International Rectifier Corp USA filed Critical International Rectifier Corp USA
Priority to US09/813,011 priority Critical patent/US20020021560A1/en
Assigned to INTERNATIONAL RECTIFIER CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL RECTIFIER CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAUREGUI, DAVID
Publication of US20020021560A1 publication Critical patent/US20020021560A1/en
Priority to US10/252,988 priority patent/US6879491B2/en
Priority to US11/787,234 priority patent/USRE42658E1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-chip module (MCM). More specifically, the present invention relates to an MCM power circuit for a computer motherboard.
  • MCM multi-chip module
  • Power supply circuitry typically occupies a substantial area on a computer motherboard. It would be desirable to reduce the size of the power circuitry on a computer motherboard without sacrificing performance.
  • the present invention provides an MCM which includes a MOSFET gate driver, two power MOSFETs, and associated passive elements including an input capacitor all mounted on a ball grid array (BGA) substrate and packaged in a single chip.
  • BGA ball grid array
  • the power MOSFETs of the MCM of the present invention are connected in a half-bridge arrangement between an input voltage and ground.
  • the MOSFET gate driver is connected to respective gate inputs of the two power MOSFETs, and alternately switches the power MOSFETs to generate an alternating output voltage at a common output node between the power MOSFETs.
  • At least one Schottky diode is disposed on the BGA substrate and connected between a common output node and ground to minimize losses during deadtime conduction periods.
  • the passive circuit components include an input capacitor connected between the input voltage and ground which provides input capacitance for the converter.
  • the input capacitor is physically close to all other components. Additional components provide appropriate biasing for the gate driver. All components are encased in a molding compound to form the MCM package.
  • the location of the input capacitor within the MCM package provides layout independence for the mother board, which no longer needs to contain that capacitor (at a distance from the MOSFETs in the MCM package).
  • the capacitor acts as a bypass to conduction of unintended current (with a high di/dt) through the body diode of one of the MOSFETs in the package and acts to help clamp the Q RR (reverse recovery charge) of the MOSFET.
  • the module preferably is enclosed in a package that has side dimensions of about 11 mm ⁇ 11 mm (i.e., about 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm) or less. Accordingly, the input capacitor is located less than 1 cm from the MOSFET.
  • the MCM of the present invention advantageously results in a 50% reduction in size with no performance trade off and is printed circuit board (PCB) independent.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the package advantageously provides a performance increase over the discrete solution.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view drawing of the co-packaged active and passive components in the MCM of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view drawing of an MCM according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of an MCM according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is an equivalent circuit diagram of a portion of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a timing diagram for an MCM according to the present invention.
  • MCM 2 includes six die mounted on a BGA substrate 4 .
  • a plurality of bonding pads 6 are disposed on the upper surface of substrate 4 .
  • Die 8 and 10 are power MOSFETs, preferably IRFC7811A and IRFC7809A power MOSFETs, respectively, mounted in a half-bridge configuration.
  • Die 12 is a MOSFET gate driver, preferably a Semtech SC 1405 High Speed Synchronous Power MOSFET Smart Driver.
  • Die 14 , 16 , and 18 are Schottky diodes, preferably SKM863 diodes, connected as shown in the circuit schematic of FIG. 3.
  • the active components mounted on the upper surface of substrate 4 are connected electrically to corresponding bonding pads 6 using wire bonds 20 .
  • the passive components shown in FIG. 1 include resistor R 1 , and capacitors C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4 , also connected as shown in the circuit schematic of FIG. 3.
  • the passive components are shown bonded directly to corresponding pads 6 .
  • capacitor C 4 is mounted close to MOSFETs 8 and 10 .
  • MCM 2 of the present invention is shown in elevation.
  • a plurality of solder balls 22 are arranged on the lower surface of substrate 4 .
  • the components on the upper surface of substrate 4 are encapsulated in a mold compound 24 such as Nitto HC 100.
  • the dimension of housing 2 is about 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm so it will take very little space on a mother board.
  • FIG. 3 a circuit schematic of power supply MCM 2 is shown.
  • Power MOSFETs 8 and 10 are mounted in a half-bridge configuration, connected in series between an input voltage V IN and ground P GND .
  • External circuit capacitance C EXT is connected to V IN .
  • a high-side output gate drive TG of MOSFET gate driver 12 is connected to a gate input 20 of high-side power MOSFET 8 .
  • a low-side output gate drive BG of MOSFET gate driver 12 is connected to a gate input 22 of low-side power MOSFET 10 .
  • Gate driver 12 alternately switches the power MOSFETs to generate an alternating output voltage at a common output node SW NODE between the power MOSFETs.
  • Schottky diodes 16 and 18 are connected between common output node SW NODE and ground to minimize losses during dead time conduction periods.
  • An input capacitor C 4 is connected between the input voltage V IN and ground P GND .
  • An output inductor 30 generally will be connected to the SW NODE and to the output voltage terminal V OUT .
  • An output capacitor C OUT is also in the output circuit.
  • a supply voltage V DD is provided to MOSFET gate driver 12 on pin V CC .
  • a bootstrap circuit consisting of Schottky diode 14 , and resistor R 1 /capacitor C 2 connected between the bootstrap pin BST and the DRN pin, is provided to develop a floating bootstrap voltage for high-side MOSFET 8 .
  • a TTL-level input signal is provided on line DRV_IN to MOSFET driver pin CO. Operation of the device is enabled by providing a minimum of 2.0 volts on enable pin EN of MOSFET driver 12 .
  • Status pin P RDY indicates the status of the +5 V supply voltage. When the supply voltage is less than 4.4 V, this output is driven low. When the supply voltage is greater than 4.4 V, this output is driven high. This output has a 10 mA source and 10 ⁇ A capability. When P RDY is low, undervoltage circuitry built into driver 12 guarantees that both driver outputs TG and BG are low.
  • a timing diagram for MCM 2 is shown.
  • a turn on delay t D(ON) of typically 63 ns exists between the signal input DRV_IN and output SW NODE of MCM 2 .
  • a turn off delay t D(OFF) of typically 26 ns exists between the signal input DRV_IN and output SW NODE of MCM 2 .
  • a portion of the delay is inherent in driver 12 .
  • the supply voltage can range between 4.2 and 6.0 V. Input voltages of between 5 and 12 volts can be used, providing an output voltage range of 0.9-2.0 V. Output current is typically 15 A.
  • the device operates at frequencies from 300-1,000 kHz.
  • MOSFET 10 has a parasitic capacitance C OSS .
  • the circuit including the stray inductance L and C OSS tends to ring at its resonant frequency. By reducing L, the ring is also reduced.
  • FIG. 3A is an equivalent circuit of portions of FIG. 3 showing in particular the body diode of MOSFET 10 .
  • FIG. 3A shows in particular the body diode of MOSFET 10 .
  • the dead time during which both MOSFETs 8 and 10 are off, conduction takes place through Schottky diodes 16 and 18 of FIG. 3, but some “residual” current also is conducted through the body diode of MOSFET 10 .
  • MOSFET 8 turns on while the body diode of MOSFET 10 is conducting, a reverse recovery current will be fed from the external capacitor C EXT with very high di/dt.
  • Capacitor C 4 will act as a bypass to this high di/dt.
  • the capacitor C 4 of FIG. 3 serves similar purposes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
US09/813,011 2000-03-22 2001-03-21 Gate driver multi-chip module Abandoned US20020021560A1 (en)

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US10/252,988 US6879491B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2002-09-23 Gate driver multi-chip module
US11/787,234 USRE42658E1 (en) 2000-03-22 2007-04-12 Gate driver multi-chip module

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US19112500P 2000-03-22 2000-03-22
US09/813,011 US20020021560A1 (en) 2000-03-22 2001-03-21 Gate driver multi-chip module

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US10/252,988 Ceased US6879491B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2002-09-23 Gate driver multi-chip module
US11/787,234 Expired - Lifetime USRE42658E1 (en) 2000-03-22 2007-04-12 Gate driver multi-chip module

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JP (1) JP3943395B2 (ja)
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JP3943395B2 (ja) 2007-07-11
AU2001247631A1 (en) 2001-10-03
USRE42658E1 (en) 2011-08-30
US20030016505A1 (en) 2003-01-23
WO2001072092A1 (en) 2001-09-27
CN1419798A (zh) 2003-05-21
CN1284421C (zh) 2006-11-08
US6879491B2 (en) 2005-04-12
JP2003528449A (ja) 2003-09-24
TWI250406B (en) 2006-03-01

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