TWI821334B - 半導體密封用樹脂組成物、半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法 - Google Patents
半導體密封用樹脂組成物、半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI821334B TWI821334B TW108125078A TW108125078A TWI821334B TW I821334 B TWI821334 B TW I821334B TW 108125078 A TW108125078 A TW 108125078A TW 108125078 A TW108125078 A TW 108125078A TW I821334 B TWI821334 B TW I821334B
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- semiconductor
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- semiconductor device
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
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- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylimidazole Natural products CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)N[SiH3] IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0091—Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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Abstract
提供一種半導體密封用樹脂組成物,既能薄化半導體裝置中之密封材厚度,亦可維持密封材的絕緣性,且可提升半導體裝置內部構造之隱蔽性。半導體密封用樹脂組成物含有熱硬化性樹脂(A)、填料(B)及著色劑(C)。填料(B)之平均粒徑係0.5µm以上且15.0µm以下,著色劑(C)之比電阻係1.0Ω.m以上。
Description
發明領域
本發明係關於半導體密封用樹脂組成物、半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法,更詳細的說,係關於用以製作包覆半導體元件之密封材的半導體密封用樹脂組成物、具備由該半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製成之密封材的半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法。
在過去,關於電晶體、IC等半導體晶片之密封,從提升生產性、降低成本等觀點來看會進行樹脂密封。樹脂密封係經由將含有例如環氧樹脂、硬化劑、硬化促進劑、無機填充材、著色劑之半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形製作密封材來進行(例如專利文獻1)。在專利文獻1中,著色劑使用苯胺黑,能減低半導體密封用樹脂組成物在成形時帶電,同時提升密封材的著色性。
此外,近年來,稱作eMMC或SSD之半導體封裝體中搭載之NAND型快閃記憶體一直在發展大容量化,因此,例如會在半導體封裝體中配置複數個半導體晶片,或是更進一步堆疊複數個半導體晶片。再者,基於電子設備等之高功能化及薄型化等要求,為將半導體封裝體維持為薄型,便也要求密封材之薄型化。
先前技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2003-327792號公報
發明概要
本發明的目的在於提供一種半導體密封用樹脂組成物,其能降低半導體裝置之密封材之透光性,且不易增大密封材之導電性。
此外,本發明另一目的在於提供一種具備前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物之半導體裝置。
本發明一態樣之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,含有熱硬化性樹脂(A)、填料(B)及著色劑(C)。前述填料(B)之平均粒徑係0.5µm以上且15.0µm以下。前述著色劑(C)之比電阻係1.0Ω.m以上。
本發明一態樣之半導體裝置,具備基材、安裝於前述基材之半導體元件及包覆前述半導體元件之密封材。前述密封材係由前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物之硬化物所構成。
本發明一態樣之半導體裝置之製造方法,係製造下述半導體裝置之方法,該半導體裝置具備基材、安裝於前述基材之半導體元件及包覆前述半導體元件之密封材。前述製造方法包含:藉由將前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物壓縮成形以製作前述密封材。
用以實施發明之形態
以下將說明本發明一實施形態。在此,本說明書中所謂的半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分量,指的是從半導體密封用樹脂組成物中除去溶劑等揮發性成分後之部分的量。此外,底下說明之實施形態,不過是本發明各種實施形態中之一種。因此,若可達成本發明的目的,底下之實施形態可因應設計而作各種變更。
首先,說明完成本發明的詳細過程。
就配置於半導體裝置之密封材而言,若為了降低密封材之透光性而大量摻混著色劑,則密封材之導電性會變高,而有半導體裝置容易發生短路致使半導體裝置發生不良的情形。此外,例如若將半導體裝置之密封材的厚度變薄,會導致密封材容易透光。因此,隔著密封材也容易看透半導體裝置的內部構造、例如基板及半導體元件之構造,會造成半導體裝置之內部構造容易外洩的問題。
因此,發明人等係為了提供一種可降低半導體裝置之密封材之透光性且不易增大密封材之導電性的半導體密封用樹脂組成物及一種具備由該半導體密封用樹脂組成物構成之硬化物的半導體裝置,而完成本發明。
本實施形態之半導體密封用樹脂組成物含有熱硬化性樹脂(A)、填料(B)及著色劑(C)。填料(B)之平均粒徑係0.5µm以上且15.0µm以下。著色劑(C)之比電阻係1.0Ω.m以上。
藉由本實施形態將半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形,可製作半導體裝置之密封材。
在本實施形態之半導體密封用樹脂組成物中,因填料(B)之平均粒徑係0.5µm以上且15.0µm以下,故填料(B)會使光散射,並且因著色劑(C)會吸收光,而能降低密封材之透光性。因此,即使在薄薄地形成由半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形形成之密封材的情況下,仍可確保隱蔽性。此外,因著色劑(C)之比電阻係1.0Ω.m以上,故著色劑(C)不易增大密封材之導電性。因此,能降低密封材之透光性,且不易增大密封材之導電性。所以,以本實施形態之半導體密封用樹脂組成物而言,即使將半導體裝置之密封材薄型化,半導體裝置之內部構造仍可輕易地被隱蔽。
尤其於本實施形態中,半導體密封用樹脂組成物硬化成形為厚度90µm之硬化物時,硬化物於波長550nm下之透光率宜小於1%。此時,即使將半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形作成較薄的厚度,仍能降低密封材的透光性,且不易增大密封材之導電性。另外,半導體密封用樹脂組成物硬化成形為厚度90µm之硬化物時硬化物於波長550nm下之透光率小於1%,係用以界定半導體密封用樹脂組成物的特性,而非限制半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的厚度。亦即,密封材的厚度可為90µm,亦可大於90µm,也可小於90µm。
更進一步地說,藉由本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物,如前面所述,即便在薄薄地形成密封材的情況下,因半導體裝置之內部構造仍可輕易地被隱蔽,故能使光不易到達配置於基板側之半導體元件等。因此,對於例如對密封材施行雷射標記(laser marking)時亦容易產生因雷射穿透密封材導致半導體元件等破損的危險性此一情形,以本實施形態之半導體密封用樹脂組成物而言,即使進行雷射標記也不易因雷射造成半導體元件等之破損。
此外,一般而言,若為了降低密封材之透光性以確保隱蔽性而大量摻混著色劑,則密封材之導電性會增加,因而半導體裝置容易產生短路。對此,由於本實施形態之半導體密封用樹脂組成物如前所述不易增大密封材之導電性,因此亦可不易產生半導體裝置絕緣不良的情形。
承上所述,以本實施形態之半導體密封用樹脂組成物製造半導體裝置時,可適當地密封基板及半導體元件,能降低半導體裝置之密封材的透光性,且不易增大密封材之導電性。因此,即使在由半導體密封用樹脂組成物薄薄地形成密封材時,半導體的內部構造仍可輕易地被隱蔽。此外,即使將密封材薄型化,在進行雷射標記時,亦不易因雷射而造成半導體元件破損,且可不易產生半導體裝置絕緣不良的情形。
有關於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之各成分,底下將作詳細說明。
熱硬化性樹脂(A)包含環氧樹脂。環氧樹脂可含有例如選自於由環氧丙基醚型環氧樹脂、環氧丙基胺型環氧樹脂、環氧丙基酯型環氧樹脂及烯烴氧化型(脂環式)環氧樹脂所構成群組中之至少一種成分。更具體地說,環氧樹脂可含有選自於由下述樹脂所構成群組中之一種以上成分,例如:苯酚酚醛型環氧樹脂、甲酚酚醛型環氧樹脂等之烷基苯酚酚醛型環氧樹脂;萘酚酚醛型環氧樹脂;具有伸苯基骨架、伸聯苯基骨架等之苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂;聯苯芳烷基型環氧樹脂;具有伸苯基骨架、伸聯苯基骨架等之萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂;三酚甲烷型環氧樹脂、烷基改質三酚甲烷型環氧樹脂等之多官能型環氧樹脂;三苯基甲烷型環氧樹脂;肆酚乙烷型環氧樹脂;二環戊二烯型環氧樹脂;二苯乙烯型環氧樹脂;雙酚A型環氧樹脂、雙酚F型環氧樹脂等之雙酚型環氧樹脂;聯苯型環氧樹脂;萘型環氧樹脂;脂環式環氧樹脂;雙酚A型含溴環氧樹脂等之含溴環氧樹脂;藉由二胺基二苯基甲烷或異三聚氰酸等之多胺與環氧氯丙烷反應而得之環氧丙基胺型環氧樹脂;以及藉由酞酸或二體酸等多元酸與環氧氯丙烷反應而得之環氧丙基酯型環氧樹脂。尤其環氧樹脂宜含有選自於由雙酚A型環氧樹脂、苯酚酚醛型環氧樹脂、甲酚酚醛型環氧樹脂、聯苯型環氧樹脂及三苯基膦型環氧樹脂所構成群組中之一種以上成分。
熱硬化性樹脂(A)宜含有硬化劑。硬化劑係用以使環氧樹脂硬化。硬化劑含有例如選自於由酚化合物、酸酐及生成酚性羥基之功能性化合物所構成群組中之一種以上成分。
硬化劑含有酚化合物時,無論1分子內具有2個以上酚性羥基的單體、寡聚物及聚合物中之任一者皆可為硬化劑所包含。例如硬化劑可含有選自於由苯酚酚醛樹脂、甲酚酚醛樹脂、聯苯型酚醛樹脂、三苯基甲烷型樹脂、萘酚酚醛樹脂、苯酚芳烷基樹脂及聯苯芳烷基樹脂所構成群組中之一種以上成分。
硬化劑含有酚化合物時,相對於環氧樹脂的環氧基每1當量,酚化合物的羥基當量宜為0.5以上,若為0.9以上則更佳。又,該羥基當量宜為1.5以下,若為1.2以下則更佳。
硬化劑含有酸酐時,硬化劑可含有選自於由下述酸酐所構成群組中之一種以上成分,例如:鄰苯二甲酸酐、偏苯三甲酸酐、焦蜜石酸酐、順丁烯二酸酐、二苯基酮四甲酸酐、六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、甲基六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐及聚壬二酸酐。
硬化劑含有生成酚性羥基之功能性化合物時,硬化劑可含有在加熱下會生成酚性羥基之化合物。更具體而言,例如硬化劑可含有加熱後會開環生成酚性羥基之苯并 類。
熱硬化性樹脂(A)亦可含有硬化促進劑。硬化促進劑可促進環氧樹脂之環氧基與硬化劑之羥基的反應(硬化反應)。硬化促進劑可舉例如:三苯基膦、三丁基膦、四苯硼酸四苯鏻等之有機膦類;1,8-二氮雜雙環(5,4,0)十一烯-7(DBU)、三伸乙二胺、二甲芐胺等之三級胺類;2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基咪唑等之咪唑類等。硬化促進劑可含有選自上述中之至少一種成分。
硬化促進劑的量,可對應熱硬化性樹脂(A)可含有之環氧樹脂及苯酚樹脂等硬化劑的量適宜地作調整。
如上所述,填料(B)的平均粒徑為0.5µm以上且15.0µm以下。藉由填料(B)的平均粒徑在此範圍內,則填料(B)可使照射於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之硬化物的光於該硬化物中散射。藉此,能降低半導體裝置之密封材的透光性。因此,即使將半導體裝置之密封材薄型化,仍能提升半導體元件等內部構造的隱蔽性。此外,由於可提升半導體裝置之內部構造的隱蔽性,故對密封材進行雷射標記時,就可不易因雷射而使半導體元件等破損。
又,填料(B)的平均粒徑若在0.5µm以上,則可抑制半導體密封用樹脂組成物的黏度上升,藉此,由半導體密封用樹脂組成物製作密封材時,能抑制導線偏移(wire sweep)的影響。又,填料(B)的平均粒徑若在15.0µm以下,則光不易侵入由半導體密封用樹脂組成物構成之硬化物中的填料(B)之間。填料(B)的平均粒徑較佳為3.0µm以上且14.0µm以下,更佳為4.0µm以上且12.0µm以下。此外,平均粒徑是由利用雷射繞射.散射法測定之粒度分佈測定值算出之以體積為基準的中值粒徑,可使用市售的雷射繞射.散射式粒度分佈測定裝置測得。
只要填料(B)之平均粒徑為0.5µm以上且15.0µm以下,則填料(B)亦可含有粒徑小於0.5µm的粒子以及大於15.0µm的粒子。
填料(B)中,粒徑在10.0µm以下之粒子的比率相對於填料(B)總量宜為40%以上且90%以下。在此情況下,填料(B)較容易使照射於該硬化物的光散射。藉此,能更降低半導體裝置之密封材的透光性。因此,即使將半導體裝置之密封材薄型化,仍可更加提升半導體元件等內部構造之隱蔽性。又,由於可提升半導體裝置之內部構造的隱蔽性,故對密封材進行雷射標記時,就可更加不易因雷射而使半導體元件等破損。填料(B)中粒徑在10.0µm以下之粒子的比率相對於填料(B)總量,較佳為50%以上且90%以下,更佳為70%以上且90%以下。
填料(B)可含有選自於由熔融球狀氧化矽等之熔融氧化矽、結晶氧化矽、氧化鋁及氮化矽所構成群組中之至少一種成分。填料(B)含有熔融氧化矽尤佳。填料(B)亦可含有選自於由氧化鋁、結晶氧化矽及氮化矽所構成群組中之至少一種成分。
相對於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分量,半導體密封用樹脂組成物中之填料(B)含量宜為60質量%以上且90質量%以下。
如先前所述,著色劑(C)於半導體密封用樹脂組成物而言是能吸收光的成分。因此,能降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性。藉此,即使將半導體裝置之密封材薄型化,仍能提升半導體元件等內部構造之隱蔽性。故對半導體裝置的密封材進行雷射標記時,就可不易因雷射而使半導體元件等破損。
又,著色劑(C)亦可有助於使半導體裝置密封材之導電性不易增大。因此,能確保密封材之絕緣性。藉此,即使將半導體裝置之密封材薄型化,仍能抑制半導體裝置絕緣不良的情形。
著色劑(C)宜含有選自於由鈦黑、黑色氧化鐵、酞青系顏料及苝黑所構成群組中之至少一種。該等成分之比電阻皆為1.0Ω.m以上。在這種情形下,能較降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性。酞青系顏料宜為酞青系黑色顏料。著色劑(C)含有選自上述之顏料時,顏料的量相對於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量宜為0.4質量%以上且2.0質量%以下。此時,能更降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性。
尤其是著色劑(C)含有鈦黑時,鈦黑的量相對於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量宜為0.4質量%以上且2.0質量%以下。此時,能更降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性,且較不易增大密封材之導電性。
著色劑(C)含有鈦黑時,鈦黑的量相對於著色劑(C)總量宜為10質量%以上且80質量%以下。
著色劑(C)宜含有染料。在這種情況下,亦可較為降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性。染料可舉例如苯胺黑及吖系染料。著色劑(C)含有染料時,含染料之染料量相對於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量宜為0.1質量%以上且0.4質量%以下。此時,亦可更加降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性。
半導體密封用樹脂組成物亦可含有著色劑(C)以外的著色成分。半導體密封用樹脂組成物宜更進一步含有碳黑(D)。此時,碳黑(D)的量相對於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量宜為0.1質量%以上且0.6質量%以下。碳黑(D)的量若為0.1質量%,則特別能降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性,若為0.6質量%以下,能較不易增大密封材之導電性,且可良好地維持密封材之絕緣性。
又,半導體密封用樹脂組成物含有著色劑(C)與碳黑(D)時,著色劑(C)與碳黑(D)的合計量相對於半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量宜為0.5質量%以上且2.5質量%以下。該合計量若為0.5質量%以上,則能更加降低由半導體密封用樹脂組成物所製作之密封材的透光性,若為2.5質量%以下,能較不易增大密封材之導電性,且可較良好地維持密封材之絕緣性。
在不至於明顯損害本實施形態優點的範圍內,半導體密封用樹脂組成物可含有前述已說明成分以外的添加劑。添加劑可舉如離型劑、阻燃劑、低應力化劑以及離子捕捉劑。耦合劑可有助於例如提升熱硬化性樹脂(A)與填料(B)之親和性、以及提升密封材4對於基材2(參考圖1)之附著性。耦合劑可含有例如選自於由矽烷耦合劑、鈦酸酯耦合劑、鋁耦合劑以及鋁/鋯耦合劑所構成群組中之至少一種成分。矽烷耦合劑可含有選自於由下述所構成群組中之至少一種成分,例如:γ-環氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-環氧丙氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、β-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷等之環氧丙氧基矽烷;N-β(胺乙基)-γ-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-胺丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-苯基-γ-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷等之胺基矽烷;烷基矽烷;脲基矽烷;以及乙烯基矽烷。
離型劑可含有選自於由例如棕櫚蠟、硬脂酸、二十八酸、含羧基之聚烯烴、酯蠟、聚氧化乙烯以及金屬皂所構成群組中之至少一種成分。又,阻燃劑可含有選自於由例如氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鋁以及紅磷所構成群組中之至少一種成分。
低應力化劑可含有選自於由例如聚矽氧彈性體、聚矽氧樹脂、聚矽氧油以及丁二烯系橡膠所構成群組中之至少一種成分。丁二烯系橡膠可含有例如丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物及甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物中至少一種成分。
離子捕捉劑可含有例如水滑石類化合物與金屬元素之水合氧化物中至少一者。金屬元素之水合氧化物可含有選自於由例如鋁之水合氧化物、鉍之水合氧化物、鈦之水合氧化物及鋯之水合氧化物所構成群組中之至少一種成分。
針對半導體密封用樹脂組成物之製造方法的一例加以說明。藉由將半導體密封用樹脂組成物之上述已說明之原料一邊加熱一邊混練,可製造半導體密封用樹脂組成物。更具體地說,例如將含有環氧樹脂、硬化劑、硬化促進劑、填料及著色劑的原料以攪拌機、摻合機等作混合,接著以稱作熱輥、捏合機之混練機一邊加熱一邊混練之後,再冷卻至室溫,而可得到半導體密封用樹脂組成物。可將半導體密封用樹脂組成物粉碎作成粉末,也可作成粉末再打錠作成錠狀或是顆粒狀,或可塗佈密封用樹脂組成物後乾燥而作成片狀。原料混練時的加熱溫度例如可設為80℃以上且130℃以下,但不在此限。
半導體密封用樹脂組成物之黏度宜為10.0Pa.s以下。此時,當由半導體密封用樹脂組成物密封半導體元件以製作半導體裝置時,可減低導線偏移發生。黏度較佳為1.0Pa.s以上且6.0Pa.s以下。另外,半導體密封用樹脂組成物的黏度,即為後述實施例中之「狹縫黏度」,其測定方法及測定條件如實施例中之說明。
半導體密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物例如可依下述方式而得。可將半導體密封用樹脂組成物於150~180℃下加熱90~300秒鐘使其硬化。加熱溫度及加熱時間這些硬化條件,因應半導體密封用樹脂組成物的組成或要製作之半導體裝置的種類適當設定即可。半導體密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物於溫度25℃且外加電壓500V的條件下所測得之體積電阻值宜為1×1014
Ω.m以上,於溫度150℃且外加電壓500V的條件下所測得之體積電阻值宜為1×1010
Ω.m以上。此時,若由半導體密封用樹脂組成物製作成包覆半導體元件之密封材,則可維持低的密封材之絕緣性。半導體密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物例如可經由利用後述之壓縮成形法將半導體密封用樹脂組成物放入壓縮成形機的模具內並對壓縮成形機加壓而得。
針對具備由半導體密封用樹脂組成物製成之密封材4之半導體裝置1的例子及其製造方法,參考圖1作說明。
本實施形態之半導體裝置1,具備基材2、安裝於基材2之半導體元件3及包覆半導體元件3之密封材4。密封材4為構成半導體裝置1之外形的封裝體,係由半導體密封用樹脂組成物之硬化物所構成。具體而言,圖1所示之半導體裝置1,係單面密封型的半導體裝置。半導體裝置1具備:於基材2上之半導體元件3(亦稱作第一半導體元件31)及再於第一半導體元件31之上之半導體元件3(亦稱作第二半導體元件32)、電連接基材2與第一半導體元件31之導線5(第一導線51)、電連接基材2與第二半導體元件32之導線5(第二導線52)以及包覆半導體元件3之密封材4。另外,圖1所示的半導體裝置1中,堆疊有二個半導體元件3,但半導體元件3的數量,依半導體裝置的用途、形狀以及尺寸等適當設定即可。
第一半導體元件31及第二半導體元件32等的半導體元件3為例如積體電路、大型積體電路、電晶體、閘流電晶體、二極體或固體攝像元件。半導體元件3可為稱作SiC、GaN之新型功率元件,也可為稱作電感器、電容器之電子零件。基材2為例如引線框架、配線板或中介層(interposer)等。
第一導線51及第二導線52等導線可採用眾所周知之導線,只要可電連接基材2與半導體元件3者即可。
半導體裝置1之具體例可舉如:稱作Mini、D封裝、D2封裝、To22O、To3P、Dual-Inline-Package(DIP)之插入型封裝體;或稱作Quad-Flat-Package(QFP)、Small-Outline-Package(SOP)、Small-Outline-J lead-package(SOJ)、Ball-Grid-Array(BGA)、System-in-Package (SiP)之表面安裝型封裝體。
半導體裝置1之密封材4的厚度X(圖1中兩箭號所示)宜為20µm以上且90µm以下。若密封材4的厚X為90µm以下,則能輕易達成半導體裝置的薄型化。
於本實施形態中,密封材中之填料(B)的平均粒徑相對於密封材4的厚度X宜為1/7以下。在此情形下,可減低於半導體裝置1之密封材4的透光性。藉此,即使將該密封材4薄型化,內部構造仍可輕易地被隱蔽。因此,對密封材4施行雷射標記時,就可不易因雷射而使半導體元件等破損。
以加壓成形法將半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形,可製作由半導體密封用樹脂組成物之硬化物所構成的密封材4。加壓成形法例如為射出成形法、轉注成形法或壓縮成形法。
半導體裝置1之密封材4以壓縮成形法來製作為佳。亦即半導體裝置1之製造方法宜包含:藉由上述之將半導體密封用樹脂組成物壓縮成形以製作密封材4。具體而言,於半導體裝置1的製造上,係配置基材2、安裝於基材2之半導體元件3、及使基材2與半導體元件3電連接之導線5,並使半導體密封用樹脂組成物熔融然後充填於壓縮成形機內。繼之,藉由在壓縮成形機內一邊加熱壓縮成形機之模具一邊壓縮使半導體密封用樹脂組成物硬化,而可在包覆半導體元件3之狀態下製作密封材4。藉此,可得到具備基材2、安裝於基材2之半導體元件3及包覆半導體元件3之密封材4的半導體裝置1。
以壓縮成形法將半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形時,壓縮壓力宜為5.0MPa以上。壓縮壓力較佳為7.0MPa以上,且10.0MPa以下更為理想。加熱溫度(模具溫度)宜為150℃以上且180℃以下。加熱溫度較佳為160℃以上,更佳為170℃以上。加熱時間宜為90秒以上且300秒以下。
亦可利用轉注成形法來將半導體密封用樹脂組成物成形。以轉注成形法成形時,例如半導體密封用樹脂組成物朝模具中注入之注入壓力可設為8.0MPa以上。加熱時間可設為90秒以上。
使用轉注成形法時,宜在模具內製成密封材4之後,打開模具取出半導體裝置1,並使用恆溫機加熱密封材4,藉此施行後硬化(post cure)。用以進行後硬化的加熱條件例如加熱溫度為160℃以上且200℃以下,加熱時間為4小時以上且10小時以下。
實施例
以下藉由實施例具體地說明本發明。此外,本發明並不只限定於下述之實施例。
1.半導體密封用樹脂組成物之調製
於各實施例及比較例中,係將後面表中所示之成分摻混並以摻合機混合30分鐘使其均勻化後,在溫度90℃下一邊加熱一邊混練熔融並進行擠製,進一步冷卻後予以粉碎。藉此,得到粒狀之半導體密封用樹脂組成物。
另外,表中所示之成分的明細如下。
・熱硬化性樹脂:鄰甲酚酚醛型環氧樹脂。DIC(股)公司製 品名 N663EXP。
・硬化劑:苯酚樹脂。明和化成(股)公司製 品名H-3M。
・硬化促進劑:TPP(三苯基膦)。北興化學工業(股)公司製。
・熔融氧化矽A:Denka(股)公司製 品名 FB510FC。平均一次粒徑11.8µm。
・熔融氧化矽B:Denka(股)公司製 品名 FB4DPM。平均一次粒徑4.6µm。
・熔融氧化矽C:Denka(股)公司製 品名 FB8752FC。平均一次粒徑17.1µm。
・著色劑A:鈦黑(赤穗化成(股)公司製 品名 TilackD TM-B)。比電阻1.0Ω.m。
・著色劑B:油溶性吖系染料(Orient化學工業(股)公司製 型號 Olipac B-30)。比電阻1.0Ω.m。
・碳黑:三菱化學(股)公司製 型號 #40。比電阻1×10-2
Ω.cm。
2.評價
針對上述1.中調製之半導體密封用樹脂組成物進行下述(1)-(2)的評價。此外,針對上述1.中調製之半導體密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物、及具備由硬化物所構成之密封材的半導體裝置進行下述(3)-(5)的評價。
(1)黏度(狹縫黏度)
將半導體密封用樹脂組成物投入TMM型轉注成形機(多加良製作所公司製)的槽內,在模具溫度175℃、槽內壓力9.8Mpa下注入轉注成形機的模具內。測定此情形下之半導體密封用樹脂組成物於模具內厚度0.4mm的部分流動時的壓力,算出黏度(狹縫黏度)。其結果示於表1及2。
(2)Cl離子含量及Na離子含量
以甲醇50g及水100g之甲醇水溶液萃取半導體樹脂組成物10g(換算成固體成分),並以離子層析裝置(管柱:C-C3)測定藉此得到的萃取液,算出萃取液中鈉離子(Na+
)的含量。同樣地,以離子層析裝置(管柱:C-SA2)測定上述萃取液,算出萃取液中氯化物離子(Cl-
)含量。其結果示於表1及2。
(3)透過率
在壓縮壓力9.8MPa、模具溫度175℃、加熱時間180秒鐘的條件下使半導體密封用樹脂組成物硬化而得到硬化物,並將此硬化物切斷及研磨,製作成厚度90µm、寬10mm及高20mm之硬化物的試驗片。利用分光光度計(島津製作所公司製 MPC-3100)對此試驗片照射可見光(波長550nm),測得透過率。其結果示於表1及2。
(4)體積電阻率
在注入壓力9.8MPa、模具溫度175℃、加熱時間180秒鐘的條件下,使半導體密封用樹脂組成物於直徑100mm、厚度3mm之模具內部硬化而製作成試驗片。利用靜電計裝置(數位式振簧型電位計:TAKEDA RIKEN TR8411),於常溫(25℃)下對該試驗片施加DC500V的電壓,測出試驗片的體積電阻值。又,於溫度150℃下,同樣施加電壓來測出試驗片的體積電阻值。將各自的結果示於表1及2。
(5)晶片透視(隱蔽性)
將基材與安裝於基材之半導體元件以及半導體密封用樹脂組成物放入壓縮成形機(TOWA公司製 FFT1030G)的模具內,於模具溫度175℃、注入壓力8MPa、成形時間180秒之成形條件下成形,藉此製作成密封材厚度為90µm之半導體裝置。就該半導體裝置以目視確認半導體元件之透視程度,並以下述基準作評價。其結果示於表1及2。
A:隔著密封材無法透視半導體元件。
B:隔著密封材可見半導體元件之顏色。
C:隔著密封材可見半導體元件之顏色及其配置位置。
D:隔著密封材明確可見半導體元件之顏色及其配置位置,且於半導體元件有密封材未填充到的部分。
[表1]
[表2]
1:半導體裝置
2:基材
3:半導體元件
31:第一半導體元件
32:第二半導體元件
4:密封材
5:導線
51:第一導線
52:第二導線
X:半導體裝置之密封材厚度
圖1為表示本發明實施形態之半導體裝置概況的剖面圖。
1:半導體裝置
2:基材
3:半導體元件
31:第一半導體元件
32:第二半導體元件
4:密封材
5:導線
51:第一導線
52:第二導線
X:半導體裝置之密封材厚度
Claims (12)
- 如請求項1之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,其硬化成形為厚度90μm之硬化物時,前述硬化物於波長550nm以下之透光率小於1%。
- 如請求項1或2之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,其中前述填料(B)中粒徑10.0μm以下之粒子相對於填料(B)總量的比率係40體積%以上且90體積%以下。
- 如請求項1或2之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,其中前述著色劑(C)包含選自於由鈦黑、黑色氧化鐵、酞青系顏料及苝黑所構成群組中之至少一種顏料。
- 如請求項4之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,其中相對於前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量,前述顏料的量係0.4質量%以上且2.0質量%以下。
- 如請求項1或2之半導體密封用樹脂組成 物,其中前述著色劑(C)包含鈦黑,且相對於前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物之固體成分總量,前述鈦黑的量係0.4質量%以上且2.0質量%以下。
- 如請求項1或2之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物於溫度175℃及壓力9.8MPa的條件下所測得之黏度係1.0Pa.s以上且10.0Pa.s以下。
- 如請求項1或2之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,前述半導體密封用樹脂組成物之硬化物於溫度25℃及外加電壓500V的條件下所測得之體積電阻值係1×1014Ω.m以上;該硬化物於溫度150℃及外加電壓500V的條件下所測得之體積電阻值係1×1010Ω.m以上。
- 一種半導體裝置,具備基材、安裝於前述基材之半導體元件及包覆前述半導體元件之密封材;前述密封材係由如請求項1至8中任一項之半導體密封用樹脂組成物之硬化物所構成。
- 如請求項9之半導體裝置,其中前述密封材的厚度係在90μm以下。
- 如請求項9或10之半導體裝置,其中前述填料(B)的平均粒徑相對於前述密封材的厚度係在1/7以下。
- 一種半導體裝置之製造方法,係製造下述半導體裝置之方法,該半導體裝置具備基材、安裝於前述基材之半導體元件及包覆前述半導體元件之密封材; 前述製造方法包含:藉由將如請求項1至8中任一項之半導體密封用樹脂組成物壓縮成形以製作前述密封材。
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