TWI697017B - 軟磁性金屬粉末、壓粉磁芯及磁性部件 - Google Patents
軟磁性金屬粉末、壓粉磁芯及磁性部件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種軟磁性金屬粉末,其特徵在於,所述軟磁性金屬粉末含有多個包含Fe的軟磁性金屬顆粒,軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面被絕緣性的包覆部覆蓋,包覆部含有軟磁性金屬微粒。
Description
本發明關於一種軟磁性金屬粉末、壓粉磁芯及磁性部件。
作為用於各種電子設備的電源電路的磁性部件,已知有變壓器、抗流線圈(choke coil)、電感器等。
這樣的磁性部件具有在發揮預定的磁特性的磁芯(鐵芯)的周圍或內部配置有作為電導體的線圈(線卷)的結構。
作為用於電感器等的磁性部件所具備的磁芯的磁性材料,可以列舉含有鐵(Fe)的軟磁性金屬材料。磁芯藉由例如對包含由含有Fe的軟磁性金屬構成的顆粒的軟磁性金屬粉末進行壓縮成形,能夠作為壓粉磁芯而得到。
這樣的壓粉磁芯中,為了提高磁特性而提高磁性成分的比例(填充率)。但是,軟磁性金屬的絕緣性較低,因此,如果軟磁性金屬顆粒彼此接觸,則在向磁性部件施加電壓時,接觸的顆粒間流通的電流(顆粒間渦電流)所引起的損耗較大,其結果,存在壓粉磁芯的鐵芯損耗變大的問題。
因此,為了抑制這樣的渦電流,在軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面形成絕緣被膜。例如,專利文獻1公開了使含有磷(P)的氧化物的粉末玻璃藉由機械摩擦而軟化,並使之附著於Fe系非晶質合金粉末的表面,由此形成絕緣塗層。
現有技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本特開2015-132010號公報
發明所要解決的課題
但是,絕緣塗層為非磁性,因此,當絕緣塗層的厚度變大時,壓粉磁芯中,有助於磁特性的成分的比例變少。其結果,存在導致預定的磁特性、例如磁導率的降低的問題。
另一方面,存在當絕緣塗層的厚度不充分時,容易發生介電質擊穿,耐電壓性惡化的問題。
本發明是鑒於這種實際狀況而研發的,其目的在於提供一種能夠兼顧耐電壓性和磁特性的壓粉磁芯、具備該壓粉磁芯的磁性部件及適於該壓粉磁芯的軟磁性金屬粉末。
用於解決課題的方案
本案諸位發明人發現,藉由充分地確保形成於軟磁性金屬顆粒的外側的絕緣塗層的厚度,且使絕緣塗層的內部含有磁性成分,從而能夠兼顧壓粉磁芯的耐電壓性和磁特性,至此完成本發明。
即,本發明的態樣中,
[1]一種軟磁性金屬粉末,其特徵在於,上述軟磁性金屬粉末含有多個包含Fe的軟磁性金屬顆粒,
軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面被絕緣性的包覆部覆蓋,
包覆部含有軟磁性金屬微粒。
[2]如[1]所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中,包覆部含有選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成之族群中的一種以上的元素的化合物作為主成分。
[3]如[1]或[2]所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中,軟磁性金屬微粒的長寬比為1:2~1:10000。
[4]如[1]~[3]中任一項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中,包覆部的厚度為1nm以上100nm以下。
[5]如[1]~[4]中任一項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中,軟磁性金屬顆粒含有結晶質,平均微結晶粒徑為1nm以上50nm以下。
[6]如[1]~[4]中任一項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中,軟磁性金屬顆粒為非晶質。
[7]一種壓粉磁芯,其由[1]~[6]中任一項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末構成。
[8]一種磁性部件,其具備[7]所述的壓粉磁芯。
發明的效果
根據本發明,能夠提供一種能夠兼顧耐電壓性和磁特性的壓粉磁芯、具備該壓粉磁芯的磁性部件及適於該壓粉磁芯的軟磁性金屬粉末。
以下,基於圖式所示的具體的實施方式,藉由以下的順序詳細地說明本發明。
1.軟磁性金屬粉末
1.1.軟磁性金屬顆粒
1.2.包覆部
1.2.1.包含軟磁性金屬微粒的包覆部
1.2.2.其它的結構
2.壓粉磁芯
3.磁性部件
4.壓粉磁芯的製造方法
4.1.軟磁性金屬粉末的製造方法
4.2.壓粉磁芯的製造方法
(1.軟磁性金屬粉末)
如圖1所示,本實施方式的軟磁性金屬粉末含有多個在軟磁性金屬顆粒2的表面形成有包覆部10的包覆顆粒1。在將軟磁性金屬粉末中包含的顆粒的個數比例設為100%的情況下,包覆顆粒的個數比例優選為90%以上,優選為95%以上。此外,軟磁性金屬顆粒2的形狀沒有特別限制,但通常為球形。
另外,本實施方式的軟磁性金屬粉末的平均粒徑(D50)只要根據用途及材質選擇即可。本實施方式中,平均粒徑(D50)優選為0.3~100μm的範圍內。藉由將軟磁性金屬粉末的平均粒徑設為上述的範圍內,容易維持充分的成形性或預定的磁特性。作為平均粒徑的測定方法,沒有特別限制,優選使用雷射繞射散射法。
(1.1.軟磁性金屬顆粒)
本實施方式中,軟磁性金屬顆粒的材質只要是含有Fe且呈現軟磁性的材料,就沒有特別限制。是由於本實施方式的軟磁性金屬粉末實現的效果主要是後述的包覆部引起的,軟磁性金屬顆粒的材質的貢獻較小。
作為含有Fe且呈現軟磁性的材料,可以列舉:純鐵、Fe系合金、Fe-Si系合金、Fe-Al系合金、Fe-Ni系合金、Fe-Si-Al系合金、Fe-Si-Cr系合金、Fe-Ni-Si-Co系合金、Fe系非晶合金、Fe系奈米結晶合金等。
Fe系非晶合金是構成合金的原子的排列為隨機且作為合金整體不具有結晶性的非晶質合金。作為Fe系非晶合金,例如可以列舉Fe-Si-B系、Fe-Si-B-Cr-C系等。
Fe系奈米結晶合金是藉由對Fe系非晶合金、或具有初始微結晶存在於非晶質中的奈米異質結構的Fe系合金進行熱處理,從而在非晶質中析出了奈米級的微結晶的合金。
本實施方式中,由Fe系奈米結晶合金構成的軟磁性金屬顆粒的平均微結晶粒徑優選為1nm以上50nm以下,更優選為5nm以上30nm以下。藉由平均微結晶粒徑為上述的範圍內,在軟磁性金屬顆粒形成包覆部時,即使對該顆粒施加應力,也能夠抑制矯頑力的增加。
作為Fe系奈米結晶合金,例如可以列舉Fe-Nb-B系、Fe-Si-Nb-B-Cu系、Fe-Si-P-B-Cu系等。
另外,本實施方式中,軟磁性金屬粉末可以僅含有材質相同的軟磁性金屬顆粒,也可以混合存在材質不同的軟磁性金屬顆粒。例如,軟磁性金屬粉末也可以是多個Fe系合金顆粒與多個Fe-Si系合金顆粒的混合物。
此外,不同的材質可以列舉:構成金屬或合金的元素不同的情況;即使構成的元素相同,其組成也不同的情況;結晶系不同的情況等。
(1.2.包覆部)
如圖1所示,包覆部10以覆蓋軟磁性金屬顆粒2的表面的方式形成。本實施方式中,表面被物質包覆是指,此物質以與表面接觸,且覆蓋接觸的部分的方式被固定的實施方式。另外,包覆軟磁性金屬顆粒或包覆部的表面的包覆部只要覆蓋顆粒的表面的至少一部分即可,但優選覆蓋表面的全部。另外,包覆部可以連續地覆蓋顆粒的表面,也可以間斷地覆蓋。
(1.2.1.含有軟磁性金屬微粒的包覆部)
包覆部10如果是能夠將構成軟磁性金屬粉末的軟磁性金屬顆粒彼此絕緣那樣的結構,則沒有特別限制。本實施方式中,包覆部10優選含有選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成之族群中的一種以上的元素的化合物。另外,該化合物更優選為氧化物,特別優選為氧化物玻璃。
另外,選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成之族群中的一種以上的元素的化合物優選在包覆部10中作為主成分而含有。“含有選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成之族群中的一種以上的元素的氧化物作為主成分”是指在包覆部10中包含的元素中除去氧的元素的合計量設為100質量%的情況下,選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成之族群中的一種以上的元素的合計量最多。另外,本實施方式中,這些元素的合計量優選為50質量%以上,更優選為60質量%以上。
作為氧化物玻璃,沒有特別限定,例如可以列舉:磷酸鹽(P2
O5
)系玻璃、鉍酸鹽(Bi2
O3
)系玻璃、硼矽酸鹽(B2
O3
-SiO2
)系玻璃等。
作為P2
O5
系玻璃,優選為含有50wt%以上的P2
O5
的玻璃,可以列舉P2
O5
-ZnO-R2
O-Al2
O3
系玻璃等。此外,“R”表示鹼金屬。
作為Bi2
O3
系玻璃,優選為含有50wt%以上的Bi2
O3
的玻璃,可以列舉Bi2
O3
-ZnO-B2
O3
-SiO2
系玻璃等。
作為B2
O3
-SiO2
系玻璃,優選為含有10wt%以上的B2
O3
且含有10wt%以上的SiO2
的玻璃,可以列舉BaO-ZnO-B2
O3
-SiO2
-Al2
O3
系玻璃等。
藉由具有這樣的包覆部,包覆顆粒顯示較高的絕緣性,因此,由含有包覆顆粒的軟磁性金屬粉末構成的壓粉磁芯的電阻率提高。
本實施方式中,如圖2所示,在包覆部10的內部存在軟磁性金屬微粒20。藉由包覆顆粒1中,在作為最外層的包覆部10的內部存在呈現軟磁性的微顆粒,從而即使在增大包覆部的厚度的情況下、即提高壓粉磁芯的絕緣性的情況下,也能夠抑制壓粉磁芯的磁導率的降低。因此,能夠兼顧壓粉磁芯的耐電壓性和磁特性。
另外,軟磁性金屬微粒20優選短徑方向SD比包覆顆粒1的圓周方向CD更接近徑向RD,長徑方向LD比包覆顆粒的徑向RD更接近圓周方向CD。藉由以這種形式存在,在本實施方式的軟磁性金屬粉末被壓粉成形時,即使對各包覆顆粒作用壓力,軟磁性金屬微粒20也能夠分散壓力,因此,即使存在軟磁性金屬微粒20,也能夠抑制包覆部10的破壞,並維持壓粉磁芯的絕緣性。
另外,根據軟磁性金屬微粒20的短徑和長徑算出的長寬比(短徑:長徑)優選為1:2~1:10000。另外,長寬比更優選為1:2以上,進一步優選為1:10以上。另一方面,更優選為1:1000以下,進一步優選為1:100以下。藉由使軟磁性金屬微粒20的形狀保持各向異性,藉由軟磁性金屬微粒20的磁通不會集中於1點,而在表面上分散,因此,能夠抑制粉末在接觸點的磁飽和,其結果,壓粉磁芯的直流疊加特性變得良好。此外,對於軟磁性金屬微粒20的長徑,如果軟磁性金屬微粒20存在於包覆部10的內部,則沒有特別限制,但例如為10nm以上1000nm以下。
作為軟磁性金屬微粒20的材質,如果是呈現軟磁性的金屬,則沒有特別限制。具體而言,可以列舉:Fe、Fe-Co系合金、Fe-Ni-Cr系合金等。另外,可以與形成包覆部10的軟磁性金屬顆粒2的材質相同,也可以不同。
本實施方式中,在將軟磁性金屬粉末中包含的包覆顆粒1的個數比例設為100%的情況下,在包覆部10的內部存在軟磁性金屬微粒20的包覆顆粒1的個數比例沒有特別限制,但例如優選為50%以上100%以下。
包覆部中包含的成分能夠根據藉由使用了掃描透射電子顯微鏡(Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope:STEM)等透射電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope:TEM)的能量色散X射線光譜法(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy:EDS)進行的元素分析、利用電子能量損失能譜法(Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy:EELS)進行的元素分析、TEM圖像的高速傅立葉轉換(Fast Fourier Transform:FFT)解析等而得到的晶格常數等的資訊來進行鑒定。
包覆部10的厚度只要可以得到上述的效果就沒有特別限制。本實施方式中,優選為5nm以上200nm以下。另外,優選為150nm以下,更優選為50nm以下。
(1.2.2.其它的結構)
在包覆部10中含有選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成之族群中的一種以上的元素的化合物的情況下,也可以在軟磁性金屬顆粒2與包覆部10之間形成其它的包覆部(包覆部A)。作為這樣的包覆部A,例如優選含有Fe的氧化物作為主成分。另外,Fe的氧化物優選為緻密的氧化物。
另外,在包覆部10含有P的化合物的情況下,也可以在軟磁性金屬顆粒2與包覆部10之間形成其它的包覆部(包覆部B)。作為這樣的包覆部B,例如優選含有選自Cu、W、Mo及Cr中的一種以上的元素。即,優選這些元素作為金屬單體存在。
在軟磁性金屬顆粒2與包覆部10之間形成上述的包覆部A或包覆部B的情況下,能夠抑制構成軟磁性金屬顆粒2的Fe向包覆部10移動而與包覆部10內的成分反應。其結果,不僅能夠兼顧壓粉磁芯的耐電壓性和磁特性,還能夠提高壓粉磁芯的耐熱性。
(2.壓粉磁芯)
本實施方式的壓粉磁芯如果以由上述的軟磁性金屬粉末構成且具有預定的形狀的方式形成,則沒有特別限制。本實施方式中,包含軟磁性金屬粉末和作為黏合劑的樹脂,構成該軟磁性金屬粉末的軟磁性金屬顆粒彼此經由樹脂黏合,由此,被固定成預定的形狀。另外,該壓粉磁芯也可以由上述的軟磁性金屬粉末與其它磁性粉末的混合粉末構成,並形成為預定的形狀。
(3.磁性部件)
本實施方式的磁性部件如果具備上述的壓粉磁芯則沒有特別限制。例如,可以是在預定形狀的壓粉磁芯內部埋設有捲繞了電線的空心線圈的磁性部件,也可以是電線在預定形狀的壓粉磁芯的表面捲繞預定的匝數而成的磁性部件。本實施方式的磁性部件適於用於電源電路的功率電感器。
(4.壓粉磁芯的製造方法)
接著,說明製造上述的磁性部件具備的壓粉磁芯的方法。首先,說明製造構成壓粉磁芯的軟磁性金屬粉末的方法。
(4.1.軟磁性金屬粉末的製造方法)
本實施方式中,形成包覆部之前的軟磁性金屬粉末能夠使用與公知的軟磁性金屬粉末的製造方法同樣的方法而得到。具體而言,能夠使用氣體霧化法、水霧化法、旋轉圓盤法等製造。另外,也可以將藉由單輥法等得到的薄帶機械地粉碎而製造。這些方法中,從容易得到具有期望的磁特性的軟磁性金屬粉末的觀點來看,優選使用氣體霧化法。
氣體霧化法中,首先,得到構成軟磁性金屬粉末的軟磁性金屬的原料熔融的熔湯。準備軟磁性金屬中包含的各金屬元素的原料(純金屬等),以成為最終得到的軟磁性金屬的組成的方式秤重,將此原料熔化。此外,將金屬元素的原料熔化的方法沒有特別限制,例如可以列舉在霧化裝置的腔室內抽真空之後以高頻加熱使之熔化的方法。熔化時的溫度只要考慮各金屬元素的熔點進行決定即可,例如能夠設為1200~1500℃。
將得到的熔湯藉由設置於坩堝底部的噴嘴,成為線狀的連續的流體供給至腔室內,向供給的熔湯吹附高壓的氣體,將熔湯液滴化,並且驟冷,從而得到微細的粉末。氣體噴射溫度、腔室內的壓力等只要根據軟磁性金屬的組成決定即可。另外,關於粒徑,可以藉由進行篩分分類或氣流分類等而細微性調整。
接著,相對於得到的軟磁性金屬顆粒形成包覆部。作為形成包覆部的方法,沒有特別限制,能夠採用公知的方法。可以對於軟磁性金屬顆粒進行濕式處理並形成包覆部,也可以進行幹式處理而形成包覆部。
本實施方式中,能夠藉由利用了機械化學的塗佈方法、磷酸鹽處理法、溶膠凝膠法等形成。利用了機械化學的塗佈方法中,例如,使用圖3所示的粉末包覆裝置100。將軟磁性金屬粉末、構成包覆部的材質(P、Si、Bi、Zn的化合物等)的粉末狀塗佈材料和軟磁性金屬微粒的混合粉末投入到粉末包覆裝置的容器101內。投入後,藉由使容器101旋轉,軟磁性金屬粉末與混合粉末的混合物50在研磨機102與容器101的內壁之間被壓縮且產生摩擦,並產生熱。由於此產生的摩擦熱,軟化粉末狀塗佈材料,將軟磁性金屬微粒包含於其內部,且藉由壓縮作用固著於軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面,能夠形成在內部含有軟磁性金屬微粒的包覆部。
利用了機械化學的塗佈方法中,藉由調整容器的轉速、研磨機與容器的內壁之間的距離等,能夠控制產生的摩擦熱,並控制軟磁性金屬粉末與混合粉末的混合物的溫度。本實施方式中,該溫度優選為50℃以上150℃以下。藉由設為這樣的溫度範圍,容易以包覆部覆蓋軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面的方式形成。
此外,軟磁性金屬微粒相對於粉末狀塗佈材料與軟磁性金屬微粒的混合粉末100wt%的比例優選設為0.00001~0.5wt%左右。
(4.2.壓粉磁芯的製造方法)
壓粉磁芯使用上述的軟磁性金屬粉末進行製造。作為具體的製造方法,沒有特別限制,能夠採用公知的方法。首先,將含有形成有包覆部的軟磁性金屬顆粒的軟磁性金屬粉末、和作為黏合劑的公知的樹脂混合,得到混合物。另外,也可以根據需要將得到的混合物製成造粒粉。然後,將混合物或造粒粉填充於模具內進行壓縮成形,得到應製作的具有壓粉磁芯的形狀的成形體。藉由對於得到的成形體,以例如50~200℃進行熱處理,固化樹脂,可以得到軟磁性金屬顆粒經由樹脂被固定的預定形狀的壓粉磁芯。藉由向得到的壓粉磁芯將電線捲繞預定次數,可以得到電感器等的磁性部件。
另外,也可以將上述的混合物或造粒粉和使電線以預定次數捲繞而形成的空心線圈填充於模具內並進行壓縮成形,得到線圈埋設於內部的成形體。對於得到的成形體,藉由進行熱處理,可以得到埋設有線圈的預定形狀的壓粉磁芯。這樣的壓粉磁芯在其內部埋設有線圈,因此,作為電感器等的磁性部件發揮作用。
以上,說明了本發明的實施方式,但本發明不被上述的實施方式作任何限定,也可以在本發明的範圍內以各種方式進行改變。
實施例
以下,使用實施例更詳細地說明發明,但本發明不限定於這些實施例。
(實驗例1~66)
首先,準備含有由具有表1及2所示的組成的軟磁性金屬構成的顆粒,且平均粒徑D50為表1及2所示的值的粉末。將準備的粉末與具有表1及2所示的組成的粉末玻璃(塗佈材料)和具有表1及2所示的組成及尺寸的軟磁性金屬微粒一起投入粉體包覆裝置的容器內,將粉末玻璃塗佈於軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面,形成包覆部,由此,得到了軟磁性金屬粉末。
粉末玻璃的添加量相對於該粉末100wt%設為0.5wt%。另外,軟磁性金屬微粒的添加量相對於該粉末100wt%設為0.01wt%。
另外,本實施例中,作為磷酸鹽系玻璃的P2
O5
-ZnO-R2
O-Al2
O3
系粉末玻璃中,P2
O5
為50wt%,ZnO為12wt%,R2
O為20wt%,Al2
O3
為6wt%,剩餘部分為副成分。
此外,本發明人等對具有P2
O5
為60wt%、ZnO為20wt%、R2
O為10wt%、Al2
O3
為5wt%且剩餘部分為副成分的組成的玻璃;具有P2
O5
為60wt%、ZnO為20wt%、R2
O為10wt%、Al2
O3
為5wt%且剩餘部分為副成分的組成的玻璃等也進行同樣的實驗,並確認可以得到與後述的結果同樣的結果。
另外,本實施例中,作為鉍酸鹽系玻璃的Bi2
O3
-ZnO-B2
O3
-SiO2
系粉末玻璃中,Bi2
O3
為80wt%,ZnO為10wt%,B2
O3
為5wt%,SiO2
為5wt%。對作為鉍酸鹽系玻璃具有其它組成的玻璃也進行同樣的實驗,並確認可以得到與後述的結果同樣的結果。
另外,本實施例中,作為硼矽酸鹽系玻璃的BaO-ZnO-B2
O3
-SiO2
-Al2
O3
系粉末玻璃中,BaO為8wt%,ZnO為23wt%,B2
O3
為19wt%,SiO2
為16wt%,Al2
O3
為6wt%,剩餘部分為副成分。對作為硼矽酸鹽系玻璃的具有其它組成的玻璃也進行同樣的實驗,並確認可以得到與後述的結果同樣的結果。
製作的軟磁性金屬粉末中,對於實驗例18的試樣,藉由STEM得到包覆顆粒的包覆部附近的明場圖像。將得到的明場圖像在圖4中表示。另外,圖4所示的明場圖像中進行EELS的光譜分析,進行元素映射(element mapping)。根據圖4所示的明場圖像及元素映射的結果能夠確認,在包覆部的內部存在組成為Fe且長寬比為1:10的軟磁性金屬微粒。
接著,使用得到的軟磁性金屬粉末製作壓粉磁芯。秤重作為熱固化樹脂的環氧樹脂及作為固化劑的醯亞胺樹脂,添加於丙酮中進行溶液化,將該溶液與軟磁性金屬粉末混合。混合後,將使丙酮揮發而得到的顆粒利用355μm的篩網整粒。將其填充於外徑11mm、內徑6.5mm的環形的模具中,以成形壓3.0t/cm2
加壓,得到壓粉磁芯的成形體。將得到的壓粉磁芯的成形體以180℃使樹脂固化1小時,得到壓粉磁芯。
此外,環氧樹脂及醯亞胺樹脂的總量根據壓粉磁芯中軟磁性金屬粉末所占的填充率進行調整。填充率以壓粉磁芯的磁導率(μ0)成為27~28的方式調整。
對於製作的壓粉磁芯的試樣,測定磁導率(μ0)及磁導率(μ8k)。另外,算出測得的μ8k相對於μ0的比。該比表示直流電流施加於壓粉磁芯時的磁導率的降低率。因此,該比表示直流疊加特性,該比越接近1,則表示直流疊加特性越良好。將結果在表1及2中表示。
根據表1及2能夠確認,藉由在包覆部內部存在具有預定的長寬比的軟磁性金屬微粒,使得壓粉磁芯的磁導率及直流疊加特性提高。換言之,能夠維持壓粉磁芯的磁導率及直流疊加特性等的磁特性,並且可靠地確保顆粒間的絕緣性。
(實驗例67~108)
除了對於粉末將包覆部的厚度及軟磁性金屬微粒的有無設為表3所示的結構以外,與實驗例1~66同樣地製作軟磁性金屬粉末。除了使用製作的軟磁性金屬粉末,將樹脂相對於粉末100wt%的量設為3wt%以外,與實驗例1~66同樣地製作壓粉磁芯的試樣。對於製作的壓粉磁芯,與實驗例1~66同樣地評價磁導率(μ0)。
另外,在壓粉磁芯的試樣的上下使用源表施加電壓,將流通1mA的電流時的電壓值除以電極間距離的值設為耐電壓。本實施例中,軟磁性金屬粉末的組成、平均粒徑(D50)及形成壓粉磁芯時使用的樹脂量相同的試樣中,將呈現比成為比較例的試樣的耐電壓高的耐電壓的試樣設為良好。是由於耐電壓由於樹脂量的不同而變化。將結果在表3中表示。
根據表3能夠確認,藉由將包覆部的厚度設為預定的範圍內,能夠兼顧壓粉磁芯的磁特性和耐電壓性。另外,能夠確認,藉由在包覆部內部存在具有預定的長寬比的軟磁性金屬微粒,從而即使在包覆部的厚度較大的情況下,壓粉磁芯的直流疊加特性也不會降低。
(實驗例109~136)
準備含有由具有表4所示的組成的軟磁性金屬構成的顆粒,且平均粒徑D50為表4所示的值的粉末,與實驗例1~66同樣地,使用具有表4所示的組成的塗佈材料形成包覆部。此外,對於粉末玻璃量,相對於粉末100wt%,在該粉末的平均粒徑(D50)為3μm以下的情況下設定成3wt%,在該粉末的平均粒徑(D50)為5μm以上10μm以下的情況下設定成1wt%,在該粉末的平均粒徑(D50)為20μm以上的情況下設定成0.5wt%。是由於為了形成預定的厚度所需要的粉末玻璃量根據形成包覆部的軟磁性金屬粉末的粒徑而不同。
本實施例中,對形成包覆部之前的粉末和形成包覆部之後的粉末測定矯頑力。就矯頑力而言,向φ6mm×5mm的塑膠殼體放入20mg的粉末和石蠟,使石蠟熔融、凝固,將固定有粉末的石蠟使用東北特殊鋼製造的矯頑力計(K-HC1000型)進行測定。測定磁場設為150kA/m。另外,算出形成包覆部的前後的矯頑力的比。將結果在表4中表示。
另外,對於形成包覆部之前的粉末,進行X射線繞射,算出平均微結晶粒徑。將結果在表4中表示。此外,實驗例116~120的試樣為非晶系,因此,不進行微結晶粒徑的測定。
根據表4能夠確認到,在平均微結晶粒徑為上述的範圍內的情況下,在包覆部的形成前後,粉末的矯頑力不會增加太多。
1‧‧‧包覆顆粒
2‧‧‧軟磁性金屬顆粒
10‧‧‧包覆部
20‧‧‧軟磁性金屬微粒
50‧‧‧混合物
100‧‧‧粉末包覆裝置
101‧‧‧容器
102‧‧‧研磨機
圖1是構成本實施方式的軟磁性金屬粉末的包覆顆粒的截面示意圖。
圖2是將圖1所示的II部分放大的放大截面示意圖。
圖3是表示為了形成包覆部而使用的粉末包覆裝置的結構的截面示意圖。
圖4是本發明的實施例中包覆顆粒的包覆部附近的STEM-EELS光譜圖像。
1‧‧‧包覆顆粒
2‧‧‧軟磁性金屬顆粒
10‧‧‧包覆部
20‧‧‧軟磁性金屬微粒
Claims (9)
- 一種軟磁性金屬粉末,其特徵在於, 該軟磁性金屬粉末含有複數個包含Fe的軟磁性金屬顆粒, 該軟磁性金屬顆粒的表面被絕緣性的包覆部覆蓋, 該包覆部含有軟磁性金屬微粒。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中, 該包覆部含有選自P、Si、Bi及Zn所組成的群組中的一種以上的元素的化合物作為主成分。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中, 該軟磁性金屬微粒的長寬比為1:2~1:10000。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中, 該包覆部的厚度為1nm以上100nm以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中, 該包覆部的厚度為1nm以上100nm以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中, 該軟磁性金屬顆粒含有結晶質,平均微結晶粒徑為1nm以上50nm以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末,其中, 該軟磁性金屬顆粒為非晶質。
- 一種壓粉磁芯, 由申請專利範圍第1~7中任一項所述的軟磁性金屬粉末構成。
- 一種磁性部件, 具備申請專利範圍第8所述的壓粉磁芯。
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