TWI599429B - 在玻璃中形成高密度孔洞陣列的方法 - Google Patents
在玻璃中形成高密度孔洞陣列的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012733 comparative method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000167857 Bourreria Species 0.000 description 1
- HYXRNUXQERMPQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[La] Chemical compound [K].[La] HYXRNUXQERMPQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005347 annealed glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
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- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/08—Severing cooled glass by fusing, i.e. by melting through the glass
- C03B33/082—Severing cooled glass by fusing, i.e. by melting through the glass using a focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser
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- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49827—Via connections through the substrates, e.g. pins going through the substrate, coaxial cables
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
- B23K26/384—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring of specially shaped holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
- B23K26/386—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring of blind holes
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
- B23K26/389—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring of fluid openings, e.g. nozzles, jets
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
- C03C15/02—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching for making a smooth surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
- C03C23/0005—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by irradiation
- C03C23/0025—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by irradiation by a laser beam
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326
- H01L21/4814—Conductive parts
- H01L21/4846—Leads on or in insulating or insulated substrates, e.g. metallisation
- H01L21/486—Via connections through the substrate with or without pins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/12—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates
- H01L23/14—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates characterised by the material or its electrical properties
- H01L23/15—Ceramic or glass substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/13—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B6/136—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method by etching
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Description
本申請案主張美國臨時申請案第61/418,152號之優先權,該申請案於2010年11月30日提出申請。
本發明所揭示的內容是關於在玻璃中製造高密度孔洞陣列(尤其是高密度的穿孔陣列)的方法,本發明也特別涉及高密度的高深寬比孔洞陣列。
先前具體說明的用於在玻璃中製造此類緻密的孔洞陣列之製程揭示於美國專利第6,754,429號中。所揭示的方法涉及使玻璃暴露於飛秒雷射,之後是酸蝕刻。該方法仰賴選擇性蝕刻,在該蝕刻中,受雷射損壞的玻璃是以比玻璃其餘部分高得多的速率蝕刻。儘管在技術上是健全的,但此手法利用昂貴且常需維修的飛秒雷射技術,且雷射暴露製程相對緩慢。
根據美國專利公開案第20030150839號之文件,直徑120-130 μm的漸縮(錐狀)的孔洞可透過先雷射剝離(ablation)再酸蝕刻以移除表面缺陷與碎片而製成。所揭示的製程需要在雷射照射前的離子交換步驟。超乎雷射光點尺寸與注量之外的照射條件並未被揭示。
美國專利公開案第20090013724號之文件描述在具各種組成的玻璃中藉由雷射照射與酸蝕刻的孔洞形成法。該方法使用具有355 nm與266 nm的波長的雷射。該文件所推薦的雷射束孔徑(數值孔徑)是NA<0.07,而該文件中揭示焦點是在玻璃內抑或在背表面後方。該文件並未特別提及孔洞輪廓與放置的準確度。
世人所需的是用於以相對緊密的最小節距形成相對小的孔洞的相對低成本且可靠的製程,且該製程具有良好的定位準確度以及遍及整個深度中在直徑上有合理的微小變化。
根據本發明所揭示的一個態樣,該態樣是在玻璃中製造高密度的孔洞陣列,該方法包含以下步驟:提供具有前表面的玻璃塊(glass piece),隨後以UV雷射束照射該玻璃塊的該前表面,該UV雷射束被聚焦到焦點,該焦點在該玻璃塊的該前表面的+/- 100 μm內,最期望是在該前表面的+/- 50 μm內。聚焦該雷射的該透鏡具有數值孔徑,對於0.3 mm至0.63 mm之間的玻璃厚度而言,期望上該數值孔徑是在從0.1至0.4的範圍內,更期望是在0.1至0.15的範圍內,甚至更期望是在0.12至0.13的範圍內,以便產生開啟的孔洞,該等開啟的孔洞從該玻璃塊的該前表面102延伸進入該玻璃塊100,該等孔洞具有範圍從5 μm至15 μm的直徑及至少20:1的深寬比。對於較薄的玻璃而言(範圍在0.1-0.3 mm),該數值孔徑期望上是從0.25至0.4,更期望是從0.25至0.3,而該雷射束較佳為聚焦至該玻璃的該前表面的+/- 30 μm之內。期望上是以約15 kHz以下的重覆速率操作雷射,且該雷射大體上具有充分的照射歷時,以形成開啟的孔洞,該開啟的孔洞正好延伸上抵該玻璃塊的背表面。因此產生的孔洞陣列可隨後透過蝕刻而擴大。如果需要,則該前表面可在蝕刻之前受到研磨(polish)。
在下文中將一併參考圖式描述本發明所揭示的各種方法,該等圖式將於【圖式簡單說明】中簡單描述。
根據本發明揭示的一個態樣,在薄的玻璃片中形成直徑在200 μm以下的多個孔洞,該等孔洞的最小節距不超過300 μm,直徑上的變化限制在10 μm以下(期望上是5 μm以下),且放置(孔洞中心)的位置變化限制在8 μm以下(期望上是4 μm以下),該薄的玻璃片期望上是小於0.8 mm厚,較佳是在0.1 mm至0.63 mm厚範圍內。孔洞的最薄的或「腰部」的直徑不低於表面處開口直徑的65%,期望上是不低於80%。
該等結果與其他有利的結果可透過本發明所揭示的方法獲得,將大致上參閱第1圖至第3圖而描述本發明揭示之方法。根據在玻璃中製造高密度孔洞陣列的方法的一個實施例,該方法包含以下步驟:提供具有前表面102的玻璃塊100,之後在第1圖所圖示的照射步驟20中,以UV雷射束24照射玻璃塊100的前表面。極度期望雷射束24是透過透鏡26聚焦至玻璃塊100的前表面102的+/- 100 μm內的焦點,最期望是在前表面102的+/- 50 μm內。該透鏡26具有數值孔徑,對於0.3 mm至0.63mm之間的玻璃厚度而言,期望該數值孔徑範圍是從0.1至0.4,更期望範圍是從0.1至0.15,更加期望範圍是從0.12至0.13,以便生產從玻璃塊的前表面102延伸進入玻璃塊100的開啟孔洞,該等孔洞具有範圍從5 μm至15 μm的直徑及至少20:1的深寬比。對於較薄的玻璃而言(範圍在0.1-0.3 mm),該數值孔徑期望上是從0.25至0.4,更期望是從0.25至0.3,而該雷射束較佳為聚焦至該玻璃的該前表面的+/-30 μm之內。期望上是以約15 kHz以下的重覆速率操作雷射,且該雷射大體上具有充分的照射歷時,以形成開啟的孔洞,該開啟的孔洞正好延伸上抵該玻璃塊的背表面。
如前文所記載,第1圖的照射步驟20是用UV雷射束24執行,較佳為使用具有範圍從200 nm至400 nm的波長的雷射束24,更期望該波長是在300-400 nm的範圍中,最佳是使用在355 nm波長(或該波長的20 nm內、較佳是在5 nm內)操作的Nd:KGW(釹摻雜的鎢酸釓鉀)或其他釹摻雜的雷射22。雷射22較佳是在範圍從5 kHz至50 kHz的重覆速率下操作,較佳是在10 kHz至20 kHz的範圍內,且最佳是在12-18 kHz的範圍內。
在期望上,第1圖的照射步驟20包含以UV雷射束24照射玻璃塊100的前表面102達一歷時,該歷時範圍是每個孔洞8毫秒至150毫秒,更期望該歷時範圍是每個孔洞60毫秒至120毫秒,最期望該歷時範圍是每個孔洞80毫秒至100毫秒,該照射步驟20是為了在具有0.63 mm之厚度的EagleXG玻璃中生產穿孔。對於0.1 mm厚的玻璃而言,期望大約10毫秒,對於0.15 mm的玻璃而言25毫秒,而對於0.3 mm的玻璃而言30毫秒。較厚的玻璃需要較長的暴露(較高的脈衝數)。如一替代性實施例,該歷時期望上可以是透過實驗或計算方式(或透過該二方式之組合)挑選,使得該歷時將會讓所得的孔洞正好延伸上抵玻璃塊100的背表面104。此舉將使該方法得以應用到各種在UV雷射照射下具有不同表現的玻璃。
照射後,所得的高深寬比開啟孔洞可如期望在蝕刻步驟(第1圖的步驟40)於HF+HNO3溶液中受到蝕刻。相較於某些其他蝕刻劑溶液,HF+[y2]HF+HNO3已顯示在當前的運作中使得橫跨基材上有均勻的蝕刻,且具有以低至200 μm的最小節距隔開的數千個孔洞。期望的濃度是20% HF+10% HNO3溶液。
如一視情況任選的步驟,在照射20後及蝕刻40前,可對玻璃塊100的前表面102施加研磨步驟60。
第2圖與第3圖是雷射暴露裝備與蝕刻站的示意圖,該雷射暴露裝備與蝕刻站可分別用於本發明所揭示的方法中。
玻璃塊100期望上可放置在馬達驅動的(motorized)XYZ平台上,如第2圖所圖示,該平台具有等於或優於1 μm的準確度與重覆性。以透鏡26將雷射束24聚焦在玻璃100的前表面102上。該透鏡的數值孔徑在理想上應當超過約NA=0.1。使用具NA=0.125的孔徑之透鏡26的本發明的雷射束24產生界定明確的損壞。
目前較佳的雷射條件是:15 kHz的重覆速率、1.5 W的平均功率與90 ms的歷時。在較高的重覆速率下,該損壞不具有界定明確的邊界,如第9圖所圖示,第9圖是重覆速率100 kHz的比較性製程的影像。此類損壞不會造成準圓柱狀的孔洞輪廓,而充其量是錐狀的孔洞輪廓。低於約1.5 W的功率不會生產足夠的損壞,而高於1.5 W的功率可引發顯著的前表面損壞,也會導致隧道類型的孔洞輪廓。選擇90 ms的串列(train)/突衝(burst)的15 kHz脈衝用於暴露,而突衝歷時經最適化而用於從玻璃(具0.63 mm厚度的Corning EAGLE XG玻璃中)一側至另一側延伸的損壞。較長突衝引發強烈的後表面損壞,而較短的突衝造成損壞長度減少。
該等雷射條件在玻璃中產生開啟或中空的微通道,該等微通道在直徑上僅7-10 μm,如第4圖所圖示。相較於具有微裂隙的雷射損壞(諸如由第9圖所圖示的比較性製程所生產的該等損壞),第4圖的微通道提供對於蝕刻孔洞輪廓相當優良的控制。
雷射束24的焦點位置在損壞形成中扮演重要角色。類似第4圖所圖示之損壞可在雷射束聚焦在前玻璃表面+/- 100 μm內時達成。為了更佳的一致性,此範圍應該減少至+/- 50 μm。若雷射束被聚焦得更靠近背表面或在背表面後,該損壞看起來會有所差異(如第10圖的影像中所圖示),且變得幾乎不可能蝕刻該孔洞而不產生腰部,如第11圖的影像所圖示。
在較佳的蝕刻條件下(在水中以體積計為20% HF+10% HNO3的溶液、10-12分鐘、在約35℃的超音波浴中蝕刻),所得的孔洞120為準圓柱狀(如第6圖的影像中所見),且基本上符合前述的需求。舉例而言,添加界面活性劑(諸如Capstone FS-10)至酸可助於將蝕刻產物洗離玻璃。第7圖與第8圖中顯示的頂部與底部視圖(以及第6圖的側視影像)具有運用視情況任選的前側研磨之步驟60時所致的孔洞。在該等影像中所圖示的範例中,前表面被研磨大約80 μm,以在蝕刻步驟前移除前表面損壞。該孔洞的前側開口可在無此研磨的情況下具有更不規則的形狀。
第3圖是蝕刻步驟40中所用的酸蝕刻工作台42的概略示意圖。第3圖中,工作台42包括外缸(tub)44,在該外缸44中保留有超音波能量傳輸流體46,諸如水。酸缸48由流體46支撐,而在酸缸中含有酸性物質或酸性物質摻混物50。受過照射與退火的玻璃片100浸浴在酸性物質或酸性物質摻混物50中。蝕刻製程期間,超音波能量是由能量傳感器52施加至外缸44,並且超音波能量被傳輸穿過居中的缸與流體而傳輸至玻璃片100。
蝕刻決定了蝕刻孔洞120的直徑與該孔洞形狀。例如,倘若透過使用低的酸濃度(在水中以體積計為1% HF+1% HCl的溶液)執行蝕刻1小時,該等孔洞120會小得多。底部直徑是19 μm,而頂部直徑是65 μm。在該等條件下,玻璃厚度從0.63 mm減少10 μm至0.62 mm。使用較高的酸濃度產生直徑約100 μm的孔洞,如第6圖至第8圖所圖示。影響所得孔洞尺度的蝕刻參數包括:酸濃度、蝕刻劑配方(或酸性物質的選擇)、蝕刻歷時與溶液溫度。酸性物質摻混物可包括單獨的HF(1-30 vol%)或HF組合HCl(1-50 vol%)、H2SO4(1-20 vol%)、HNO3(1-40 vol%)與H3PO4(1-40 vol%)。酸性物質的溫度較佳範圍是從25℃至60℃。期望中,超音波法(sonication)或其他類型的攪拌(舉例而言,諸如噴塗蝕刻)用於微孔洞內的溶液對流以及用於腰部區的較快蝕刻。
所提出的手法也能實現呈角度孔洞的形成。倘若雷射束以一角度被引導到玻璃樣本上,該損壞與該蝕刻孔洞也將以一角度對表面定向。可將雷射裝備的配置方式(configuration)設計成使該裝備得以製做陣列,該陣列具有對玻璃表面呈垂直的孔洞與呈角度的孔洞二者,諸如第12圖中玻璃片100的示意剖面中所圖示的孔洞120。
如果需要,也可使用雷射束塑形做為改變孔洞形狀的工具,將孔洞形狀改變成各種形狀,諸如第13圖的玻璃片100上的孔洞120中示意性所圖示者。已透過利用橢圓雷射束照射而生產橢圓孔洞,至於其他形狀也能夠藉由穿過孔徑的雷射束塑形與成像、重疊雷射束及/或其他技術與前述技術的組合達成。
減少暴露歷時能夠製做除了前述的穿孔之外的盲孔,如果需要,也能夠在同一基材上納入兩種孔洞類型(亦如第12圖所圖示)。倘若例如雷射突衝歷時從90 ms減少至大約10-20 ms,將創造出盲孔。針對前述的7-10 μm的微通道而言,所得的損壞是類似的,該損壞是起始於玻璃的前表面而延伸到玻璃內某長度處,這是縮短的歷時與全程的歷時之間的比例之函數。蝕刻此類路徑將會產生盲孔。在相同的孔洞陣列內有不同深度的穿孔與盲孔的組合。
施加抗酸膜/塗層至玻璃表面能夠更進一步改善孔洞形狀。此塗層可執行數種功能:(a)保護表面隔離雷射剝離的碎片;(b)緩和對環繞暴露區的玻璃表面的機械性損壞;(c)防止玻璃在蝕刻期間薄化,因而改善孔洞的深寬比。此塗層/膜可被移除,或者若該塗層/膜不防止進一步的處理則可留在玻璃上。
應注意,在此使用類似「較佳」、「通常」與「一般」之用語時,該等用語並非用於限制所申請發明之範疇,或是暗指某些特徵對所申請發明的結構或功能而言是關鍵的、基本的或相當重要的。該等用語反而僅是確定本發明所揭示的實施例的特定態樣,或者是強調可用於(或不可用於)本發明所揭示的特定實施例的替代特徵或額外特徵。
已透過參考本發明特定實施例而詳細描述本發明揭示之標的,讀者將明瞭可有修改形式與變化形式但不可背離附加的申請專利範圍中界定的本發明之範疇。更詳述之,儘管本發明揭示的一些態樣在此確定為較佳或特別有利,但應考量本發明揭示的內容不必然限制在該等態樣。
應注意,一或多個隨後的申請專利範圍利用「其中」做為連接詞。為了界定本發明之目的,應注意此用語導入申請專利範圍中做為開放式連接詞,該開放式連接詞用於引導結構的一系列特性之記載,且應將該開放式連接詞以類似更一般使用的開放式前言「包含」之方式詮釋。
20...照射步驟
22...雷射
24...雷射束
26...透鏡
40...蝕刻步驟
42...工作台
44...外缸
46...超音波能量傳輸流體
48...酸缸
50...酸性物質
52...能量傳感器
60...研磨步驟
100...玻璃塊/片
102...前表面
104...背表面
120...孔洞
當一併參閱隨後的圖式時,可最完善地瞭解本發明所揭示的特定實施例的前述詳細說明,其中類似的結構是以類似的元件符號指示,且該等圖式中:第1圖是流程圖,代表本發明的當前較佳方法的的基本步驟;第2圖是可用於在此揭示的方法中的雷射照射設備的示意透視圖;
第3圖是可用於在此揭示的方法中的蝕刻設備的示意剖面圖;
第4圖是根據本發明的方法生產的玻璃塊中的孔洞之影像;
第5圖是折斷的玻璃塊的影像,該玻璃塊被折斷以便圖示根據本發明的方法生產的孔洞之部分剖面;
第6圖是根據本發明的方法生產的蝕刻步驟後玻璃塊中的孔洞之影像;
第7圖是根據本發明的方法生產之玻璃塊中的孔洞之平面影像,該影像是由玻璃塊的前表面觀看而得;
第8圖是根據本發明的方法生產之玻璃塊中的孔洞之平面影像,該影像是由玻璃塊的背表面觀看而得;
第9圖是根據比較性方法生產的玻璃塊中的孔洞之影像;
第10圖是根據比較性方法生產的玻璃塊中的孔洞之影像;
第11圖是根據比較性方法生產的蝕刻步驟後玻璃塊中的孔洞之影像;
第12圖是玻璃片100的示意剖面,該剖面圖示替代類型的孔洞120;以及
第13圖是玻璃片100的示意平面圖,該平面圖圖示孔洞120的替代類型的孔洞形狀。
100‧‧‧玻璃塊/片
102‧‧‧前表面
120‧‧‧孔洞
Claims (20)
- 一種在玻璃中製造一高密度的孔洞陣列的方法,該方法包含以下步驟:提供具有一前表面的一玻璃塊(glass piece);以一UV雷射束照射該玻璃塊的該前表面,該UV雷射束被一透鏡聚焦在該玻璃塊的該前表面的+/- 100 μm內,該透鏡具有一數值孔徑,該數值孔徑是在從0.1至0.4的範圍內,以便產生開啟的孔洞,該等開啟的孔洞從該玻璃塊的該前表面延伸進入該玻璃塊,該等孔洞具有範圍從5 μm至15 μm的一直徑及至少20:1的一深寬比。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中照射包含以下步驟:使用一雷射束,該雷射束具有一波長,該波長是在200 nm至400 nm的範圍內。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中照射包含以下步驟:使用一雷射束,該雷射束具有一波長,該波長是在300 nm至400 nm的範圍內。
- 如請求項3所述的方法,其中在該照射步驟中所用的該接近UV的雷射是在355微米正負5微米的波長下操作。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中在該照射步驟中使用的該透鏡的該數值孔徑對於厚度在0.3 mm至0.63 mm的範圍內的玻璃而言是在0.1至0.15的範圍內。
- 如請求項5所述的方法,其中該透鏡的該數值孔徑對於厚度在0.1 mm至0.3 mm的範圍內的玻璃而言是在0.25至0.4的範圍內。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該雷射在該照射步驟期間是以範圍從5 kHz至50 kHz的重覆速率操作。
- 如請求項7所述的方法,其中該雷射在該照射步驟期間是以範圍從10 kHz至20 kHz的重覆速率操作。
- 如請求項8所述的方法,其中該雷射在該照射步驟期間是以範圍從12 kHz至18 kHz的重覆速率操作。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該照射步驟包含以下步驟:以一UV雷射束照射該玻璃塊的該前表面達一歷時,該歷時範圍是每孔洞8毫秒至150毫秒。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該照射步驟包含以下步驟:以一UV雷射束照射該玻璃塊的該前表面達一歷時,對於厚度約0.1mm的玻璃而言,該歷時範圍是約每孔洞10毫秒。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該照射步驟包含以下步驟:以一UV雷射束照射該玻璃塊的該前表面達一歷時,該歷時是每1/10mm的玻璃厚度約10毫秒。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該玻璃塊是一玻璃片,且其中該照射步驟包含以一UV雷射束照射該玻璃片的該前表面達一歷時,該歷時是由實驗或計算決定,而使得該歷時將使該所得孔洞正好延伸上抵該玻璃片的一背表面。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該照射步驟包含以下步驟:以一UV雷射束照射該玻璃塊的該前表面達一歷時,該歷時是由實驗或計算決定,而使得該歷時將使該所得孔洞延伸上抵該玻璃塊內的一位置。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該照射步驟包含以下步驟:以一雷射束照射,該雷射束具有圓形之外的形狀。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該照射步驟包含以下步驟:以一雷射束照射,該雷射束被定向成對該玻璃塊的該前表面呈90度之外的角度。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,其中該方法進一步包含以下步驟:在酸性物質中蝕刻該玻璃塊。
- 如請求項17所述的方法,其中在酸性物質中蝕刻的該步驟進一步包含以下步驟:在一酸性物質摻混物中蝕刻。
- 如請求項18所述的方法,其中該酸性物質摻混物包含20% HF+10% HNO3的一溶液。
- 如請求項1所述的方法,該方法進一步包含以下步驟:在照射後與蝕刻前,研磨該玻璃塊的該前表面。
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KR20130135873A (ko) | 2013-12-11 |
CN103237771B (zh) | 2016-10-19 |
WO2012075072A2 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
CN106425129A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
US9802855B2 (en) | 2017-10-31 |
WO2012075072A3 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
KR101917401B1 (ko) | 2018-11-09 |
EP2646384B1 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
EP2646384A2 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
JP5905899B2 (ja) | 2016-04-20 |
US20130247615A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
CN106425129B (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
US20160102009A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
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