TWI535702B - 自吡啶硫酮鋅及銅合成吡啶硫酮銅 - Google Patents
自吡啶硫酮鋅及銅合成吡啶硫酮銅 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於獨特的吡啶硫酮銅之顆粒,其係在聚合物基質存在下,由吡啶硫酮鋅與銅化合物反應形成。本發明亦係關於包含此等吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之組合物。
本申請案依據35 USC § 119(e)主張2011年8月17日申請之美國臨時專利申請案序號第61/524,494號「自吡啶硫酮鋅及銅化合物合成吡啶硫酮銅」(「SYNTHESIS OF COPPER PYRITHIONE FROM ZINC PYRITHIONE AND COPPER COMPOUND」)之優先權之權益。
船舶、漁網或其他水下結構或設備容易被水生生物(諸如藤壺、蚌類、藻類以及諸如此類生物)侵害。生物會生長和繁殖,並最終導致重大問題。例如,就船體而言,船體上海洋生物的生長會增加船體與水之間的摩擦阻力,從而增加燃料消耗及降低船的速度。
一種解決該問題之方法係在該結構的表面塗布包含「自拋光」的聚合物之防汙塗料表面。「自拋光」的聚合物主鏈上通常有水解基團。隨著時間的推移,塗料最外層的聚合物水解並變成易被水侵蝕的殘餘物。該易被水侵蝕的殘餘物隨後被水移除,從而得到光滑、清潔之表面。此等作用通常被稱為「自拋光」作用,該作用一直持續到該防汙塗料從其所塗布表層脫除為止。屆時,必須在其表面再塗布一層新的防汙塗料。一般來說,自拋光聚合物通常
為具有金屬酯或矽烷基酯官能性之丙烯酸酯。
自拋光聚合物可與抗微生物劑(諸如吡啶硫酮銅)組合使用,從而進一步提高防汙性能。塗料中使用之吡啶硫酮銅通常有相對較小的顆粒尺寸。例如:EP 1695963 B1揭示如果超過20%的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒尺寸超過10微米,其顆粒將很難分散在塗料中。
不幸的是,在一些配方中,小顆粒吡啶硫酮銅可能從塗料膜太快瀝出,特別是在溫水中,從而損害塗料的抗微生物功效。
因此,塗料製造業需要提供一種包含充分分散的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之塗料,其相對於傳統用於塗料中之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒具有更大之粒徑。本發明為此種需要提供解答。
在一態樣,本發明提供一種包含獨特的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之組合物,經雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀測定,其中20重量%以上至90重量%之顆粒粒徑大於10微米,且該顆粒係扁平針狀(flat acicular needle-shaped)。
在另一態樣,本發明係關於合成上述獨特的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之方法。該方法包括使吡啶硫酮鋅與銅化合物(諸如氫氧化銅)於非反應性聚合物基質中反應。該顆粒於「原位」構成,其將導致比自傳統方式製成的顆粒更少之凝集顆粒。因為加至塗料中之吡啶硫酮銅時不用粉化,因此增添另一項處理安全性之效益。此外,本發明之吡啶硫酮銅因為形成時已經預分散在非反應性聚合物基質中,所以可
以很容易混入塗料。
在又一態樣,本發明係關於包含吡啶硫酮銅顆粒及丙烯酸矽烷基酯之防汙塗料組合物,其中用雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀測定時,其中20重量%至90重量%之顆粒粒徑大於10微米,且其顆粒呈扁平針狀。本發明之塗料組合物中粒徑大於10微米之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒含量百分比高於傳統的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒含量。該較大的顆粒會留在塗層膜上更長的時間,且預期本發明之塗料組合物具有持續的防汙效果,且於溫水中特別有利。
當閱讀本發明之實施方式即可了解該等及其他態樣。
現已驚訝的發現,當吡啶硫酮鋅與銅化合物於非反應性聚合物基質中接觸並反應時,所形成的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒具有獨特的形狀及粒徑分佈。「非反應性聚合物基質」係指不與吡啶硫酮鋅或銅化合物反應之聚合物基質。該等聚合物基質之實例示於下文。形成的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒係扁平針狀。「扁平針狀」係指有長度、寬度及厚度之顆粒,其長度大於寬度且寬度大於厚度。扁平針狀係與碾磨的吡啶硫酮銅之形狀截然不同。
亦發現相對於傳統的吡啶硫酮銅,包含本發明之吡啶硫酮銅的防汙塗料具有更好的抗裂性。
吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之平均長寬比(定義為吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之長度除以該顆粒之寬度)之範圍在約5至約20或以上。更特定言之,該平均長寬比的範圍在5至約15。熟悉此項技
術者可用任何已知之方法測定長寬比,包括使微米尺規疊加於顆粒尺寸圖像之上,且使顆粒之長度及寬度與尺規對比。該平均長寬比的測定法係測定粒徑圖像中所提供之顆粒數量,測定每個顆粒之長寬比,及計算測定圖像上所測得的顆粒之平均長寬比。顆粒圖像可利用掃瞄式電子顯微鏡獲得。有利地,至少有5%的顆粒之寬度約4至5微米及長度超過20微米。
除獨特的形狀外,本發明之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒也具有獨特的粒徑分佈。在一實施例中,由雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀測得,粒徑大於10微米之顆粒佔吡啶硫酮銅總重量之20重量%至90重量%,有利地約25至約70重量%,更有利地約30至約60%。例如,吡啶硫酮銅之粒徑可由Horiba LA-910或LA-920粒徑分佈分析儀測得。此外,該吡啶硫酮銅樣本可先於水溶液中進行超音波處理後再測量粒徑。
與市售之碾磨的吡啶硫酮銅相比,根據本發明製造之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒較不容易結塊或沉降。在不希望受到任何特定理論之約束下,假設該等吡啶硫酮銅顆粒在在本發明之製程中形成時已被聚合物「浸濕(wet out)」,即可讓因凡得瓦力造成之顆粒結塊及凝集降至最低程度。另外,由於本發明之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒在其形成時已經預分散於聚合物上,其呈現適合併入塗料組合物中之形態。
可用於本發明之銅化合物實例包括銅鹽、羧酸銅、氫氧化銅、元素銅及其組合。銅鹽實例包括,例如:碳酸銅、硝酸銅、硫酸銅、氯化銅及其混合物。典型的羧酸銅包
括,例如:乙酸銅、環烷酸銅、羥基喹啉銅、硬脂酸銅、苯甲酸銅、乙基己酸銅、松脂酸銅、及其組合。在一個特定的實施例中,該銅化合物係氫氧化銅。當使用氫氧化銅作為酮化合物反應物時,同時也形成氫氧化鋅顆粒。不希望受到理論約束下,據信該等氫氧化鋅顆粒被聚合物顆粒「浸濕」,從而使可能發生之顆粒結塊的風險降至最低。
反應中所使用之吡啶硫酮鋅形式並沒有特別限制。例如,所使用的吡啶硫酮鋅可呈未碾磨的濕餅形式。此舉可讓根據本發明無需碾磨步驟的商業化生產方法節約成本。製造吡啶硫酮鋅之方法係熟悉此項技術者所知。美國專利案4,396,766描述了製備吡啶硫酮鋅之實例,該案之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。
因此,在一實施例中,本發明提供一種如上述之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之組合物。該組合物可另外包含不與吡啶硫酮鋅及/或酮化合物反應之聚合物。合適的聚合物包括,例如:矽烷基丙烯酸酯、金屬丙烯酸酯(諸如:鋅丙烯酸酯、銅丙烯酸酯)、聚氯乙烯、氯乙烯共聚物、醋酸乙烯酯、醋酸乙烯酯之共聚物、丙烯酸共聚物、環氧樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、纖維素醚、酸官能基丙烯酸酯、殼聚糖、聚乙烯醚及其組合,或選自包含松香、松香衍生物、及其組合之群之非聚合物粘合劑。
有利地,該聚合物係矽烷基丙烯酸酯。在一實施例中,該矽烷基丙烯酸酯之數量平均分子量為約2000至約6000。其他合適的矽烷基丙烯酸酯並無特別的限制,且描述於例
如美國專利案第6,458,878、4,593,055、4,898,895及4,977,989號中,該等專利案之內容以全文引用的方式併入本文。
應瞭解,也可以使用非聚合物粘合劑,諸如松香及松香衍生物。典型的松香衍生物包括(但不限於)松脂酸銅及松香酯。
在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種製備吡啶硫酮銅之方法。該方法包括由吡啶硫酮鋅與銅化合物於非反應性聚合物基質之存在下反應。
典型地,該反應可於溶劑之存在下進行。較佳地,該溶劑至少包含可與水混溶的組分,以便若使用濕餅時,吡啶硫酮鋅濕餅中之水即可與聚合物溶液混溶。若需要無水聚合物溶液,則可以使用乾燥粉末,且無需與水混溶的溶劑。在一些實施例中,該溶劑混合物包含與水混溶的組份及不與水混溶的組分。的與水混溶的組分實例包括(但不限於):甲氧基丙醇、甲氧基丁醇、甲氧基-甲基乙氧基丙醇、丁氧基乙醇、乙氧基乙醇、及丙醇。不與水混溶的組分實例包括(但不限於):二甲苯、甲苯、乙基苯、石腦油、甲基異丁基酮、及枯烯。也可使用部分水混溶性溶劑(諸如甲基乙基酮或丁醇)。適用於本發明方法的溶劑實例係甲氧基丙醇與二甲苯之組合。不一定需要使用水溶性溶劑,但也可視需要選用。
該反應係在室溫或升溫下且在正常大氣壓下進行。在一實施例中,使約一莫耳之吡啶硫酮鋅與約一莫耳之酮化合
物反應,以產生約一莫耳之吡啶硫酮銅。該反應係於溶劑混合物及非反應性聚合物(諸如矽烷基丙烯酸酯)基質中進行。
在又一實施例中,本發明提供一種包含吡啶硫酮銅顆粒及上述矽烷基丙烯酸酯聚合物之防汙塗料組合物,由雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀(諸如Horiba LA-910或LA-920)測得,基於塗料組合物之總重量計,其中20重量%至90重量%之顆粒粒徑大於10微米,且其中該等顆粒係扁平針狀。
有利地,基於塗料組合物之總重量計,矽烷基丙烯酸酯聚合物與吡啶硫酮銅組合之含量佔約10重量%至約80重量%,更佳地係約30重量%至約60重量%。
本發明之防汙塗料可額外包含一種或更多種水溶性樹脂或微溶於水之樹脂(諸如松香、聚乙烯醚、殼聚糖、或其組合)。基於塗料組合物之總重量計,該等配方之樹脂用量較佳係1-20重量%之範圍,更佳係4-15重量%範圍。
該防汙塗料組合物亦可包含一些其他添加劑。例如,預防硬污垢之毒素(諸如金屬銅、氧化亞銅、硫氰酸亞銅、氧化鋅、硼酸鋅、偏硼酸鋇、吡啶三苯基硼、十八烷基胺三苯基吡啶、滅釘螺劑(tralopyril)、溴蟲氰(chlorfenapyr)、對甲抑菌靈(tolylfluanid)、或抑菌靈(dichlofluanid));及控制軟污垢之毒素(諸如吡啶硫酮鋅、吡啶硫酮銅、4,5-二氯-2-正辛基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮、2-甲硫基4-第三丁基胺基-6-環丙胺基-均-三嗪、代森鋅(zineb)、福鎂鋅(ziram)、福代鋅(polycarbamate)、代森錳(maneb)、
百菌清(chlorothalonil)、及其任意組合)。
通常氧化鋅係與氧化亞銅組合用於抗汙塗料中,供抑制硬污垢。然而,由於鹼性條件下(諸如在海水中)氧化鋅會轉化成氫氧化鋅,本發明者認為實際上係由氫氧化鋅抑制硬污垢的生長。不幸的是,儘管氧化鋅必須很均勻分散以免塗料呈沙粒感,但其仍很難分散於塗料中。這種使氧化鋅分散於塗料中形成細微顆粒之過程需要很長的時間。本發明透過「原位」產生不需要進一步分散之細微顆粒之氧化鋅來解決該障礙。
製備根據本發明之防汙塗料,例如,添加樹脂及/或其他的毒素至包含矽烷基丙烯酸酯聚合物及具有大型扁平顆粒之粒狀吡啶硫酮銅之組合物中。當採用傳統技術將該防汙塗料塗布於基質表面且在大氣溫度或高溫下蒸發掉其中之溶劑時,其形成一層乾膜。
將透過以下實例進一步描述本發明。除非另有明確規定,否則所有部分比及百分比係按重量計計,且所有溫度係攝氏溫度。
實例
實例1:製備包含自拋光矽烷基丙烯酸酯及吡啶硫酮銅之組合物。
A.製備矽烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物
將368.0公克之二甲苯添加至裝配滴加漏斗、回流冷凝器、攪拌器及溫度計之1公升反應燒瓶中。將該反應混合物在氮氣層下低速攪拌並加熱至95±5℃。
在另一個燒瓶中充份預混合以下單體及引發劑:180.0公克甲基丙烯酸甲酯、20.0公克乙基丙烯酸2-甲基酯、200.0公克矽烷基丙烯酸三異丙基酯、及4.0公克2,2'-偶氮雙(2-甲基丁腈)。將該單體/引發劑混合物引入裝在反應燒瓶上之滴加漏斗中;且在95±5℃,以3小時時間,將該單體依恒速添加至反應燒瓶內,同時再繼續攪拌2小時。
接著,將預混合之二甲苯(32.0公克)及2-乙基己基碳酸第三丁基過氧基酯(2.0公克)裝入該滴加漏斗中。在95±5℃下,以半小時時間,將此追蹤溶劑混合物滴加至反應燒瓶內。在95±5℃下再攪拌該反應混合物1½小時,以得到矽烷基丙烯酸酯聚合物。
透過凝膠滲析層析法測量上述聚合物之分子量通常約為Mw=17,000及Mn=4700。矽烷基丙烯酸酯於50%二甲苯中之黏度通常約為3,000 cps(#4主軸線性速度為12 rpm)。
B.製備包含矽烷基丙烯酸酯聚合物及吡啶硫酮銅之組合物
將93.0公克A項製備之矽烷基丙烯酸酯添加至½品脫混合容器內。該混合容器放置於配備1'葉片的高速考雷司銅鋁合金型(cowles type)分散器之下。該混合器調至1000 rpm。將25.9公克60%固體之吡啶硫酮鋅濕餅及26.3公克甲氧基丙醇添加至混合容器。使攪拌器速度增加至2000 rpm。將1.45公克氫氧化銅(58%銅)添加至混合容器中,然後攪拌10分鐘,隨後再添加3批氫氧化銅(每批1.45公克)。當反應混合物變成深綠色時,將2.50公克NH4OH(29.6%)添加至混合容器,且繼續攪拌30分鐘,以產生包含矽烷基丙烯酸酯
聚合物及吡啶硫酮銅之組合物。
實例2及對照實例A之吡啶硫酮銅之顯微分析。
實例2:圖1顯示實例1所形成吡啶硫酮銅之顯微圖像。圖下右方之尺規係0-50微米。掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)顯示本發明吡啶硫酮銅顆粒係扁平針狀。
對照實例A:圖2顯示來自Arch Chemicals公司的商品名為奧麥丁銅(Copper Omadine)之ACM(空氣分級碾磨)吡啶硫酮銅的顯微圖像。圖下右方之尺規係0-20微米。
實例3及對照實例B.吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之沉降特性。
實例3:由吡啶硫酮鋅粉末及氫氧化銅於矽烷基丙烯酸酯及二甲苯溶液中,於原位製備11%吡啶硫酮銅。兩周後觀察該樣本之沉降性。
對照實例B:將依傳統方式製備之吡啶硫酮銅粉末分散於相同的矽烷基丙烯酸酯及二甲苯溶液中,使吡啶硫酮銅濃度為11%。兩周後再目視觀察該樣本之沉降性。
目視比較實例3與對照實例B顯示,傳統的吡啶硫酮銅比根據本發明於原位形成之吡啶硫酮銅出現更多沉降。
為進一步證實於原位形成之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒具有較佳沉降性,取該分散液使用二甲苯稀釋50%,使得黏度非常低,兩者都低於10 cps。24小時後,傳統的吡啶硫酮銅與根據本發明於原位形成之吡啶硫酮銅之間之沉降性物有很大差別。24小時內,傳統的碾磨的吡啶硫酮銅沉降22 mm,原位產生之吡啶硫酮銅僅沉降7 mm。
實例4及對照實例C. 透過雷射光散射進行粒度分析。
傳統的碾磨的吡啶硫酮銅(對照實例C)及原位產生之吡啶硫酮銅(實例4)都使用雷射光散射法測量。採用不同超音波法前處理,打散團聚體。超音波處理時間係0、30、120秒。結果示於表1。數據顯示,原位產生之顆粒大得多,且呈雙峰式廣泛分佈。
斯托克斯定律(Stock's law)認為,在相同溶液中,所有物質都相同時,較小球型顆粒沉降較慢。由於該原位產生之吡啶硫酮銅之更大顆粒沉降得更慢,所以其結論係該顆粒非常不同於球型。SEM顯示該顆粒係扁平針狀。相對於傳統的吡啶硫酮銅,該吡啶硫酮銅之較大針狀物在物理上干擾了顆粒的沉降。
實例5 由吡啶硫酮銅製造之抗裂塗料
相對於較短、較小的傳統的碾磨的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒,期望該較長的吡啶硫酮銅顆粒具有較佳之加固塗層膜。為確
定此效果,由相同矽烷基丙烯酸酯調配抗汙塗料,但不添加傳統的吡啶硫酮銅及本發明之原位產生的吡啶硫酮銅。
如實例1製造矽烷基丙烯酸酯聚合物溶液,且由該聚合物製造塗料。首先,製造吡啶硫酮銅及聚合物之混合物(分散液),且自此等聚合物製造塗料。所有重量均以公克計。
吡啶硫酮銅分散液A
於速度為3000 rpm之1"分散葉片剪切下,以80分鐘時間緩慢添加Cu(OH)2。
吡啶硫酮銅分散液B
於速度為3000 rpm之1"分散葉片剪切下混合20分鐘。降低轉速,然後添加;矽烷基丙烯酸酯溶液 50.0
自上述各吡啶硫酮銅分散液製造塗料。
塗料A.
於速度為3000 rpm之1"分散葉片下使上述成分混合20分鐘,然後添加下述組分:
於3000 rpm下繼續混合5分鐘,降低轉速,然後添加下述組分:矽烷基丙烯酸酯吡啶硫酮銅混合物A 20.50
塗料B
於速度為3000 rpm之1"分散葉片下,使上述成分混合20分鐘,然後添加下述組分:
於3000 rpm下繼續混合5分鐘,降低轉速,然後添加下述組分:矽烷基丙烯酸酯吡啶硫酮銅混合物B 18.0
兩種濕塗料分別使用塗膜棒(Bird)塗布至單獨的Leneta格板上,形成厚度約0.003英寸(75微米)之濕薄膜。使該塗層薄膜乾燥7天。於¾英寸心軸上彎曲各樣本。每間隔3秒
鐘於心軸上緩慢彎曲該等薄膜。彎曲之後,目視檢查該塗層膜表面是否出現斷裂。由本發明方法之吡啶硫酮銅所製造塗料之塗層膜沒有斷裂。由傳統方法生產之吡啶硫酮銅所製造塗料之塗層膜出現某種程度斷裂。
雖然已引用上述特定實施例來說明本發明,但咸了解,可在不脫離本文所揭露本發明概念下進行許多變更、修改及變異。因此,希望在附錄請求項之精神及廣義範圍內包括所有此等變更、修改及變異。
圖1係本發明之吡啶硫酮銅之顯微圖。
圖2係對照的吡啶硫酮銅之顯微圖。
Claims (19)
- 一種包含吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之組合物,經雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀測定,其中20重量%以上至90重量%之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之粒徑大於10微米,且其中該吡啶硫酮銅顆粒係扁平針狀。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中25重量%至70重量%之顆粒粒徑大於10微米。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中30重量%至60重量%之顆粒粒徑大於10微米。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其進一步包含選自下列各物所組成群中之聚合物:矽烷基丙烯酸酯、金屬丙烯酸酯、聚氯乙烯、氯乙烯共聚物、醋酸乙烯酯、醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸共聚物、環氧樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、纖維素醚、酸官能基丙烯酸酯、殼聚糖、聚乙烯醚及其組合,或選自下列各物所組成群中之非聚合物:松香、松香衍生物及其組合。
- 如請求項4之組合物,其中該聚合物係矽烷基丙烯酸酯。
- 如請求項5之組合物,其中該矽烷基丙烯酸酯之數量平均分子量係約2000至約6000之間。
- 如請求項6之組合物,其另外包含氫氧化鋅。
- 一種包含吡啶硫酮銅顆粒及矽烷基丙烯酸酯之防汙塗料組合物,經雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀測定,其中20重量%至90重量%之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒粒徑大於10微米,且 其中該吡啶硫酮銅顆粒係扁平針狀。
- 如請求項8之防汙塗料組合物,其進一步包含水溶性樹脂或微溶於水之樹脂,其中基於塗料組合物之總重量計,該所述樹脂含量佔約4至約15%。
- 如請求項9之防汙塗料組合物,其中該樹脂係選自由松香、聚乙烯醚、殼聚糖、及其組合組成之群。
- 如請求項8之防汙塗料組合物,其進一步包含選自下列各物所組成群中之添加劑:金屬銅、氧化亞銅、硫氰酸亞銅、氧化鋅、硼酸鋅、偏硼酸鋇、吡啶三苯基硼、十八烷基胺三苯基硼、滅釘螺劑(tralopyril)、溴蟲氰(chlorfenapyr)、對甲抑菌靈(tolylfluanid)、抑菌靈(dichlofluanid)、吡啶硫酮鋅、4,5-二氯-2-正辛基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮、2-甲硫基-4-第三丁基胺基-6-環丙胺基-均-三嗪、代森鋅(zineb)、福鎂鋅(ziram)、福代鋅(polycarbamate)、代森錳(maneb)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、及其任意組合。
- 如請求項8之防汙塗料組合物,其進一步包含氫氧化鋅。
- 一種製備包含吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之方法,該方法包括在非反應性聚合物或非聚合物粘合劑之存在下,由吡啶硫酮鋅與銅鹽反應,經雷射光散射粒度分佈分析儀測定,其中20重量%以上至90重量%之吡啶硫酮銅顆粒之粒徑大於10微米。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該銅鹽係選自由氫氧化銅、碳 酸銅、硝酸銅、硫酸銅、氯化銅及其組合組成之群。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該銅鹽係氫氧化銅。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該非反應性聚合物係矽烷基丙烯酸酯。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該非反應性聚合物係金屬丙烯酸酯、聚氯乙烯、氯乙烯共聚物、醋酸乙烯酯、醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸共聚物、環氧樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、纖維素醚、酸官能基丙烯酸酯、殼聚糖、或聚乙烯醚。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該非聚合物粘合劑係選自由松香、松香衍生物、及其組合組成之群。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該吡啶硫酮銅顆粒係扁平針狀。
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JP (2) | JP2014524443A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20140057609A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103841831B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2012296413B2 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA027419B1 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY165743A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG2014011928A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI535702B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013025960A1 (zh) |
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EP3910032B1 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2023-07-12 | Behr Process Corporation | Antimicrobial paint composition and related methods |
CN106336804A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 四川金利声乐电子科技有限公司 | 一种充电器外壳绝缘涂层 |
GB201703455D0 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-04-19 | Jotun As | Composition |
GB201703457D0 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-04-19 | Jotun As | Composition |
JP2022530951A (ja) * | 2019-05-03 | 2022-07-05 | アークサーダ,エルエルシー | 水産養殖用網を処理するための方法及び組成物 |
CN116171302A (zh) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-05-26 | Ppg建筑涂层有限公司 | 抗微生物涂层 |
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-
2012
- 2012-08-17 JP JP2014526238A patent/JP2014524443A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-08-17 WO PCT/US2012/051251 patent/WO2013025960A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-08-17 EA EA201490466A patent/EA027419B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-08-17 CN CN201280046753.5A patent/CN103841831B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-08-17 AU AU2012296413A patent/AU2012296413B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-08-17 MY MYPI2014700308A patent/MY165743A/en unknown
- 2012-08-17 US US14/239,203 patent/US9540520B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-08-17 KR KR1020147007068A patent/KR20140057609A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-08-17 SG SG2014011928A patent/SG2014011928A/en unknown
- 2012-08-17 TW TW101130026A patent/TWI535702B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-08-17 EP EP12759848.0A patent/EP2744344A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2016
- 2016-10-13 US US15/292,712 patent/US20170029630A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2017
- 2017-03-13 JP JP2017047310A patent/JP2017125056A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103841831B (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
US20140296371A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
JP2017125056A (ja) | 2017-07-20 |
AU2012296413B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
US9540520B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
KR20140057609A (ko) | 2014-05-13 |
US20170029630A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
SG2014011928A (en) | 2014-06-27 |
TW201329049A (zh) | 2013-07-16 |
AU2012296413A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
WO2013025960A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
JP2014524443A (ja) | 2014-09-22 |
MY165743A (en) | 2018-04-23 |
EA201490466A1 (ru) | 2014-07-30 |
EP2744344A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
CN103841831A (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
EA027419B1 (ru) | 2017-07-31 |
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