TWI534313B - 織物 - Google Patents
織物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI534313B TWI534313B TW103101812A TW103101812A TWI534313B TW I534313 B TWI534313 B TW I534313B TW 103101812 A TW103101812 A TW 103101812A TW 103101812 A TW103101812 A TW 103101812A TW I534313 B TWI534313 B TW I534313B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- yarns
- yarn
- exposed
- physical stimulus
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 384
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
- A41D27/28—Means for ventilation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/06—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
- A43B1/02—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom
- A43B1/028—Synthetic or artificial fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
- A43B23/02—Uppers; Boot legs
- A43B23/0205—Uppers; Boot legs characterised by the material
- A43B23/0235—Different layers of different material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/49—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads textured; curled; crimped
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D9/00—Open-work fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/12—Shape memory
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
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- D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
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- D10B2211/02—Wool
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- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/01—Surface features
- D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
- D10B2403/0114—Dissimilar front and back faces with one or more yarns appearing predominantly on one face, e.g. plated or paralleled yarns
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- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
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- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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- D10B2501/041—Gloves
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- Y10T428/24314—Slit or elongated
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本非暫時性美國專利申請案係為2004年3月19日向美國專利商標局申請之No.10/805681美國專利申請案的部份後續申請案,並要請求優先權,該案名稱為「與一可變的織物結構結合之服裝物件」,其內容併此附參。
本發明係有關於服裝。更具言之,本發明係有關一種服裝物件其會結合一種織物,該織物具有一種結構能被一物理刺激例如水的存在或溫度變化來改變或修正,而得調變該織物的性質。本發明可應用於例如運動時所穿用的服裝。
被設計來供運動時穿用的服裝物件通常會具有能加強個人表現或舒適感的特性。例如,該服裝可結合一彈性織物來提供較緊身的適配,俾使個人賦具較低的廓形而能儘量減少風阻。或者該服裝亦可由一織物製成,其能促使水分由該個人發散,而來減少積存於皮膚上的汗量。又,該服裝亦可結合某些材料,而來適配某些特定的環境狀況。該等服裝物件的各種類型之例乃包括襯衫、帽子、
外衣、夾克、褲子、內衣、手套、襪子、鞋子等等。
被結合於該服裝中之織物的特性通常係根據該服裝要被使用的特定活動來選擇。例如,能儘量減少風阻的織物係可適用於主要注重速度的活動。同樣地,一可減少積存於皮膚上之汗水量的織物會最適合於通常具有較高度排汗的活動。故而,許多織物乃可被選來加強參加某些特定運動之個人的表現或舒適感。
該織物可被定義為由各種賦具特定撓性、細度、及較高長度對粗度之比率的纖維、單絲或紗線所製成的物件。織物一般可分為兩大類。第一類包括直接由纖維或單絲之網疋,藉黏接、熔接或互扣來構成非織織物及毛氈等所製成的織物。其第二類則包括經由紗線的機械操作來製成一織造布所形成的織物。
紗線係為可用來製成第二類織物的原材料,其亦可被定義為由至少一單絲或多數的纖維所形成之具有相當長度而較小截面的總成。纖維會具有較短的長度,故需要旋紡或扭捻處理來製成一適當長度的紗線以供使用於織物中。最普遍的纖維之例係為棉花和羊毛。但是,單絲會具有無限的長度,而得僅與其它單絲組合來製成可使用於織物中的紗線。現今的單絲包含各種的人造材料,例如嫘縈、尼龍、聚酯、聚丙烯酸酯等,而蠶絲則為主要的天然產物。紗線可由一單絲來形成,或者可由多數束集在一起的單絲來製成。紗線亦可包括不同材料製成的個別單絲,或包括各由兩種或更多不同材料製成的單絲。同樣的概念亦可適
用於纖維製成的紗線。因此,紗線乃可具有各種不同的構態,其皆能符合上述的定義。
可將紗線機械處理成一織物的各種技術乃包括交織、交捻和加捻,及串交(interlooping)等。交織係使二紗線交叉,即令其互呈直角來相交而互織。使用於交織的紗線傳統上被稱為經紗和緯紗。交捻和加捻包括例如編織和打結的程序,其中紗線會互相扭捻來形成一織物。串交則包括形成多數排的互套環圈,而針織係為最普遍的串交方法。
本發明係為一種服裝物件,其包括一織物具有至少一種性質當曝露於一物理刺激時將會改變。該織物具有一可調變的結構係由當曝露於該物理刺激時會呈現尺寸變化的紗線所製成。該等紗線在未曝露於該物理刺激時會具有第一組尺寸,而當曝露於該物理刺激時會具有第二組尺寸。該織物的結構可藉將該織物曝露於該物理刺激而來調變,俾使該等紗線由第一組尺寸轉變成第二組尺寸,並改變該織物的性質。該等紗線可由一種當曝露於水時能夠改變尺寸的材料所製成。因此,該物理刺激物即可為水。在某些實施例中,該等物理刺激亦可例如為該織物溫度的變化、光或流動的空氣等等。
該織物可藉由一交織程序來製成,其中該等紗線會在該織物中形成開孔。該等開孔在該等紗線未曝露於物理刺激時會具有一第一面積,而當紗線被曝露於物理刺激
時則會具有一第二面積。該等開孔的面積係能例如決定該織物的可滲透性。因此,若該第一面積大於第二面積,則當曝露於物理刺激時該織物的可滲透率會減少。又,若該第一面積小於第二面積,則當曝露於物理刺激時該織物的可滲透率將會增加。在某些實施例中,該等紗線具有波狀捲曲結構而當曝露於物理刺激時能增加可滲透性。
該織物的絕大部份皆可由該紗線製成。或者,該等紗線的第一部份當曝露於物理刺激時可以改變尺寸,而其第二部份在曝露於該物理刺激時仍可保持穩定的尺寸。
該織物亦可經由串交處理來製成。在某些實施例中,該等紗線會在該織物中形成開孔。該等開孔在紗線未曝露於物理刺激時會具有一第一面積,而當紗線曝露於該物理刺激時則會具有一第二面積,故能影響該織物的可滲透性。在其它實施例中,該織物的結構在紗線未曝露於物理刺激時會呈現一第一組織,而在當紗線曝露於該物理刺激時則會呈現一第二組織。該第一組織乃可例如比第二組織更為平滑,而該第二組織則含有多數的結節由該織物表面凸出。
依據本發明所製成的織物會具有一結構係可藉一物理刺激來調變而得改變該織物的性質。這些或其它的織物結構係可藉將材料黏接其上而來改變,以使該織物結構賦具抗拉伸性,或在該織物結構中形成切口或部份切口,或施加塗層來阻抗物理刺激的影響。
本發明之新穎性的優點和特徵會被詳述於所附
申請專利範圍中。但,為能對該新穎性的優點和特徵獲得更佳的瞭解,尚請參閱以下的說明內容和所附圖式,其係描述示出有關本發明的各種實施例和概念。
10、10”‧‧‧衣服
10’‧‧‧鞋子
11‧‧‧衣身部份
11’‧‧‧上部
12’‧‧‧鞋底
12a、12b‧‧‧臂袖部份
20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100、110、120、130、140‧‧‧織物
21、31a、31b、41、51‧‧‧緯紗
22、32a、32b、42、52a、52b‧‧‧經紗
23、33、43、53、63‧‧‧開孔
61、71、72、91、101、102、
141、142‧‧‧紗線
73‧‧‧結部
74、124、134‧‧‧切口
81、82‧‧‧單絲
92、131‧‧‧第一層
93、132‧‧‧第二層
94‧‧‧連接紗
103、143‧‧‧覆層
111‧‧‧基層
112‧‧‧補強結構
134‧‧‧部份切口
本發明的前述概要,以及後述的詳細說明,當配合所附圖式來參閱時將能更佳地瞭解。
圖1係為依本發明之附設有第一織物結構的服裝之平面圖。
圖2為第一織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖3為第一織物結構的一部份在曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖4為第二織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖5為第二織物結構的一部份在曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖6為第三織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖7為第三織物結構的一部份在曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖8為第四織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖9為第四織物結構的一部份在曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖10為第五織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖11為第五織物結構的一部份在曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖12為第六織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖13為第六織物結構之一較大部份在未曝露狀態的平面示意圖。
圖14為第六織物結構之該部份在曝露狀態的平面圖。
圖15為第六織物結構之該較大部份在曝露狀態的平面示意圖。
圖16為第七織物結構的一部份之立體圖。
圖17為第八織物結構的一部份之立體圖。
圖18為第九織物結構的一部份之平面圖。
圖19為第九織物結構之一覆層紗線在未曝露狀態的立體示意圖。
圖20為第九織物結構之該覆層紗線在曝露狀態的立體示意圖。
圖21為依本發明之一附設有第一變化織物結構的鞋子之側視圖。
圖22為該第一變化織物結構的一部份之立體圖。
圖23為該第一變化織物結構的立體分解圖。
圖24A~24E為該第一變化織物結構的各種可行
構態之平面圖。
圖25為依本發明之一附設有第二變化織物結構的服裝之平面圖。
圖26為第二變化織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態的立體圖。
圖27為第二變化織物結構之該部份在曝露狀態的立體圖。
圖28A~28E為第二變化織物結構的各種可行構態之平面圖。
圖29為一第三變化織物結構的一部份在未曝露狀態之立體圖。
圖30為該第三變化織物結構的該部份在曝露狀態之立體圖。
圖31為一第四變化織物結構的一部份之立體圖。
圖32A~32C為該第四變化織物結構沿圖31中所示的截線32-32各截面示意圖。
圖33為一第五變化織物結構的一部份之平面圖。
圖34為取自第五變化織物結構之一覆層紗與一非覆層紗在未曝露狀態的立體示意圖。
圖35為取自第五變化織物結構之該覆層紗與該非覆層紗在曝露狀態的立體示意圖。
以下內容係揭示多種織物,其皆具有某些結構可被一物理刺激所修正,而來改變該織物或結合該織物之服
裝物件的性質。又在諸多舉例的織物結構被論述之後,各種可被用來加強或改變該等織物結構的整體性質之變化模式亦會被揭示。
I.舉例的織物結構
一服裝物件10係被示於圖1中,其具有傳統短袖襯衫的一般造型。但,熟習相關技藝之專業人士應可瞭解,在以下內容所述的各種織物將可被結合於各種衣物,包括例如長袖襯衫、帽子、外衣、夾克、褲子、內衣、手套、襪子、鞋子…等等。因此,針對該衣服10在以下內容及附圖中所揭述的各種概念,亦可應用於各種其它服裝物件。
該衣服10的主要元件包含一衣身部份11及二臂袖部份12a和12b。該衣身部份11係對應於一個人的軀體,因此當穿著時將覆蓋其身軀。同樣地,臂袖部份12a和12b會分別對應於該人的右臂和左臂,故當穿著時會覆蓋其臂部。因此,該衣服10會具有一傳統長袖襯衫的一般構造。但是,相對於傳統的長袖襯衫,該衣服10係至少部份由一織物所製成,該織物具有一結構可被一物理刺激所修正而來改變該織物的性質。舉例而言,該等織物的可滲透性或組織在當曝露於水、較高溫度、或流動空氣(例如風)時將會改變。因此,該等織物的結構將可被調變而來對該衣服10提供不同的性質。以下內容即揭露各種織物,其具有一結構可被一物理刺激修正而來改變該織物或衣服10的性質。
第一織物結構
一可適用於該衣服10之織物20的一部份係被揭
示於圖2及3中。該織物20具有一交織材料的結構,其包含多數的緯紗21和多數的經紗22。因此,該織物20乃可經由一交織法機械操作將紗線21和22互呈直角地交叉互織而來製成。該以互呈直角來交叉互織紗線21和22的製法將會造成許多分開的開孔23位於該各紗線21和22之間。
該各紗線21和22係由一或更多的單絲或纖維所製成,其在當曝露於一特定的物理刺激時將會改變尺寸。換言之,當該織物20呈現於該物理刺激中時,紗線21和22的尺寸(即如長度和厚度)將會改變。該等紗線21和22的尺寸變化會對該織物20的結構具有影響。更具言之,紗線21和22的尺寸變化會修正織物20的結構,而來改變該織物20的性質。因此,將織物20曝露於該物理刺激將會具有改變織物20性質的功效,故能改變衣服10的性質。
使織物20曝露於一會影響織物20性質之物理刺激的方式現將被論述。請參閱圖2,該織物20係被示出在一未曝露狀態下,其中紗線21、22並未被曝露於該物理刺激。但於圖3中,該織物20係被示出在曝露狀態下,其中紗線21、22係被曝露於該物理刺激。在未曝露狀態時,紗線20和22的尺寸會具有較小的厚度(或粗度),因此各開孔23的面積會比較大。但在曝露狀態時,紗線21和22會有較大的厚度,故會縮減各開孔23的面積。即是,將紗線21、22曝露於該物理刺激會令紗線21、22增加厚度,此則會減少各開孔23的面積,而修改該織物20的結構。
修改該織物20的結構(即減少開孔23的面積)會
改變該織物20的性質。在未曝露狀態時,各開孔23會較大些。但在曝露狀態時,各開孔23的面積會減少,故會減少例如水、光、和流動空氣對該織物20的整體滲透率。即是,在曝露狀態下各開孔23的較小面積將會減低水、光、流動空氣等可滲入或穿出該織物20的容易度。因此,使織物20曝露於一物理刺激會改變該織物20的可滲透性,故能改變該衣服10的可滲透性。
能導致紗線21、22改變尺寸的各種物理刺激可例如包括水分(無論液態或氣態)的存在,增升的溫度,或流動的空氣。針對水分而言,有許多材料會具有吸收水分而膨脹或改變尺寸的傾向。該尺寸變化可能會由於浸入或接觸液態的水而較迅速地發生。此外,該尺寸變化亦可能例如長久曝露於相對濕度大於75%的空氣中而較緩慢地發生。該織物20,尤其是紗線21和22,係可由某些材料製成,其具有一傾向於當一物理刺激物例如水存在時即會改變尺寸。此外,紗線21、22亦可由當溫度升高或有流動空氣時即會改變尺寸的材料來製成。
如上所述,紗線21和22係可由各種當有水分存在時會改變尺寸的材料來製成。例如,至少有部份在該紗線21、22中的罩絲或纖維能由一可吸收水分的聚酯材料來製成,如由日本Tejin Fibers公司所生產的各種吸水性聚酯材料。在有些實施例中,紗線21、22可為一75丹尼爾,72單絲的半消光變形聚酯紗,而該等紗線21、22所含纖維或單絲的適當配方包括:(i)70%的非吸收性聚酯及30%的吸水性
聚酯;(ii)76%的非吸收性聚酯及24%的吸水性聚酯;(iii)80%的非吸收性聚酯及20%的吸水性聚酯;或(iv)84%的可陽離子染色聚酯其亦為非吸收性,及16%的吸水性聚酯。因此,由吸水性聚酯所製成之纖維或單絲的百分比乃可在本發明的範圍相當大地改變,且在某些實施例中亦可由5至100%。在上述各例中,一非吸收性或尺寸穩定的聚酯纖維或單絲會與一吸水性的聚酯纖維或單絲來組合。其它的非吸收性聚合物纖維或單絲亦可被使用,例如嫘縈、尼龍、及聚丙烯酸酯。此外,絲、棉、或羊毛亦可被使用於紗線21和22。因此,相當大範圍的材料皆可適用於該等紗線21和22。
當被設於衣服10中時,該織物20可被用來保護該個人或令其隔絕於特定的環境狀況。如前所述,一種可促成紗線21和22改變尺寸的物理刺激係為水,例如雨水。當雨或其它的水源(即該物理刺激)不存在時,該織物20係在未曝露狀態,故會具有較高的可滲透性而能容許空氣自由進出該衣服10,遂可冷卻該個人。當有足夠量的水接觸衣服10時,即會使該織物20形成曝露狀態,故該織物20會具有較低的可滲透率來抑止水分移動穿過該織物20。更具言之,雨水接觸該衣服10後將會使開孔23縮減面積,而得限制流入該衣服10內的水量。當紗線21、22係由一種有熱存在時會改變尺寸的材料製成時,則陽光或其它熱源將會致使開孔23縮減面積而限制進入該衣服10內的太陽輻射量。此外,形成風的移動空氣亦可致使開孔23減少面積而來限
制穿過衣服10的空氣量。因此,由當有一或多種刺激物存在時即會改變尺寸的紗線21、22所製成的織物20,乃可被用來有效隔絕該個人與特定的環境狀況,例如雨、陽光或風。
如前所述,該織物20乃可由當有一物理刺激存在時即會改變尺寸的各種紗線21、22來製成。該等紗線21、22的尺寸變化會修正該織物結構,而造成該織物20的性質變化。當被併入該衣服10時,該織物20在曝露於物理刺激的性質變化乃可被用來隔絕該個人與特定的環境狀況,例如雨、陽光或風等。因此,該織物20即能有效地改變環境條件而來加強穿著該衣服之人的舒適感。
第二織物結構
就該織物20而言,該二紗線21和22皆至少係部份地由當存在一物理刺激時即會改變尺寸的材料所製成。但是,在某些實施例中,該等紗線亦可完全由一種材料來製成,其並不會因有一刺激物的存在而相當程度地改變尺寸。即是,有些形成該衣服10織物的紗線係可由尺寸穩定的紗線所製成,其並不會被該物理刺激太大地影響。
一織物30被示於圖4及5中,其包含多數的緯紗3la,和多數的另種緯紗31b,多數的經紗32a,和多數的另種經紗32b等而會形成各開孔33。其中紗線31a和32a係由當有物理刺激存在時即會改變尺寸的材料所製成,而紗線31b和32b則由一種尺寸穩定的紗線所製成,其並不會被該物理刺激太大地影響。
將該織物30曝露於一會影響其性質之物理刺激的方式現將說明如下。請參閱圖4,該織物30係被示出在未曝露狀態,即該各紗線31a、31b、32a、32b並未曝露於該物理刺激。但請參閱圖5,該織物30係被示出在曝露狀態,其中該各紗線31a、31b、32a、32b係曝露於該物理刺激。在未曝露狀態時,該各紗線31a、31b、32a、32b皆會具有較小的厚度,因此各開孔33的面積將會相對較大。但在曝露狀態時,紗線31a和32a則會具有較大厚度,故會縮減各開孔33的面積。即是,若將紗線31a和32a曝露於該物理刺激將會使其增加厚度,而令各開孔33減少面積,故會修正該織物20的結構。如前所述,因紗線31b和32b是由尺寸穩定的紗線製成,其並不會被該物理刺激太大地影響。因此,當曝露於該物理刺激時,紗線31b和32b並不會改變尺寸。
修正該織物30的結構(即減少開孔的面積)將會改變織物30的性質。在未曝露狀態時,各開孔33皆會較大些。但在曝露狀態時,各開孔33的面積即會縮減,而可減少例如水、光及流動空氣等對該織物30的整體滲透率。即是,各開孔33在曝露狀態時的較小面積,將會減低水、光及流動空氣可穿透該織物30容易度。因此,將織物30曝露於一物理刺激將會改變該織物30的可滲透性。若以該織物30替代前述衣服10中的織物20,則將該織物30曝露於一物理刺激將能被利用來有效改變該衣服10的可滲透性。
由一不會被該物理刺激太大影響的尺寸穩定紗線來製成紗線31b和32b之一優點係有關該織物30的尺寸穩
定性。紗線31b和32b會在織物30中形成一網疋,其當曝露於該物理刺激時並不會太大改變尺寸。雖紗線31a和32a會改變尺寸,但紗線31b和32b則會保持穩定尺寸(即保持其原來尺寸)。因此,紗線31b和32b可用來確保該織物30能維持其形狀和尺寸,而無干於紗線31a、32a等的尺寸變化。
第三織物結構
形成該衣服10之至少一部份的織物之另種可能構造係示於圖6及7中,其中有多數的緯紗41和經紗42會形成各開孔43。緯紗41是由當有物理刺激存在時會改變尺寸的材料所製成,而經紗42是由不會被該物理刺激太大影響的尺寸穩定紗所製成。因此,當曝露於該物理刺激時,緯紗41並不會實質改變尺寸。
將織物40曝露於一物理刺激能修正該織物40的結構,此會對該織物40的性質有所影響。請參閱圖6,該織物40係被示為在非曝露狀態,其中該等紗線41、42並未曝露於該物理刺激。但請參閱圖7,該織物40係被示為在曝露狀態,其中紗線41、42會曝露於該物理刺激。如同前述之織物20和30,將紗線41、42曝露於該物理刺激會使紗線41增加厚度,故會減少各開孔43的面積而修正該織物40的結構。該織物40結構的修正(即減少開孔43的面積)會改變該織物40的性質。在未曝露狀態時,各開孔33會相對較大。但在曝露狀態時,各開孔33的面積即會減少,故會減低例如水、光及流動空氣等對該織物30的整體滲透率。若以該織物40取代衣服10中的織物20,則將該織物40曝露於一物理
刺激乃可被用來有效改變該衣服10的可滲透性。如同前述之織物30,以不會被該物理刺激太大影響的尺寸穩定紗來製成經紗42,將可確保維持該織物40的形狀和尺寸,而無干於緯紗41的尺寸變化。
第四織物結構
各織物20、30、40的構造皆可用來蔽護或隔離該個人與特定環境狀況。如前所述,各紗線的尺寸變化會致使其間的開孔減少面積。此面積減少則會減低織物20、30、40的可滲透率,故只能容許較少的雨水、陽光或風進入該衣服10中。但在某些情況下,其可能希望提高製成該衣服10之織物的可滲透率。例如,增加可滲透率得被用來增加穿過該衣服織物的空氣,而能加強該個人的排汗效果。
一織物50具有一交織材料結構,其包含多數的緯紗51,多數的經紗52a,及多數的另種經紗52b等被示於圖8及9中。就此,織物50可經由一交織製程以機械操作各紗線51、52a、52b等而來形成,該製法會將緯紗51呈直角地交叉互織於紗線52a和52b。此將緯紗51以直角交叉互織於經紗52a和52b的製法將會形成許多個別的開孔53。
雖紗線52a係由當有物理刺激存在時會改變尺寸的材料來製成,但紗線51和52b係由不會被該物理材料實質影響的尺寸穩定紗所製成,故經紗52a會具有一捲曲或波狀造型,而紗線51和52b會較平直。
將該織物50曝露於一會對其性質有影響之物理刺激的方式現將說明如下。請參閱圖8,該織物80係被示為
非曝露狀態,其中各紗線51、52a、52b皆未曝露於該物理刺激。但請參閱圖9,該織物50係被示為曝露狀態,其中各紗線51、52a、52b係曝露於該物理刺激。在未曝露狀態時,各紗線51、52a、52b的尺寸皆會具有較小厚度,因此各開孔53的面積會較小些。但在曝露狀態時,經紗52a會具有較大厚度,並呈現較大程度的捲曲波紋,故會增加各開孔53的面積。即是,若將紗線51、52a、52b曝露於該物理刺激則會使紗線52a增加厚度和捲曲程度,此將會增加各開孔53的面積而修正該織物50的結構。
修正該織物50的結構(即增加開孔53面積)將會改變該織物50的性質。在未曝露狀態時,各開孔53會相對較小。但在曝露狀態時,各開孔53的面積會增大,故會增加例如水、光、及流動空氣等對該織物50的整體滲透率。即是,在曝露狀態下各開孔53的較大面積會提升水、光及流動空氣可穿過該織物50的容易度。因此,將織物50曝露於一物理刺激即會增加該織物50的可滲透性,故會增加該衣服10的可滲透性。
當被設入該衣服10時,該織物50乃可用來冷卻該個人,並例如助其排除汗水。因此,如上所述,該織物50可由不同的經紗52a來製成,其在當有物理刺激存在時即會改變尺寸和波曲程度。經紗52a的尺寸變化將會修正織物50的結構,而造成織物50性質的改變。當被併設於衣服10中時,該織物50在曝露於該物理刺激的性質變化可被用來冷卻該個人及助其排汗。因此,該織物能有效地改變該個
人的汗濕程度,而來加強穿著該衣服10之個人的舒適感。
第五織物結構
該各織物20、30、40、50係經由一交織製法來製成,其會呈直角地來交叉互織緯紗和經紗。一可例如改變該個人的汗濕程度而來增進其舒適感的織物,亦可藉由其它以機械操作該等紗線的方法來製成。請參閱圖10及11,一經由串交(interloping)製法來製成的織物60會被揭露。串交乃包括形成多數排互相串接的套環,而針織係為串交最普遍的方法。該織物60含有多數的線圈橫行(即在針織物循環中由相鄰的針所製成的針圈橫排)和多數的線圈縱列(即在後續的針織循環中由相同的針所製成之互相串套的針圈直排),它們皆以一紗線61來製成。
紗線61是由當有一物理刺激存在時即會改變尺寸的材料所製成。更具言之,當有該物理刺激存在時該紗線61的尺寸(例如長度和厚度)將會增加。並曝露於一物理刺激時,紗線61的長度和厚度皆會改變尺寸。雖增加厚度似會減少各開孔62的面積,但因同時增加長度會將紗線61的不同部份分開成更大的程度,故實際上則會增加各開孔63的面積。即是,增加長度會比增加厚度對開孔63面積具有更大的影響,故將會增加各開孔63的最後面積。因此,當曝露於該物理刺激時,該織物60的可滲透率將會提高。
將織物60曝露於一會對其性質有影響之物理刺激的方式現將更詳細說明。請參閱圖10,該織物60係被示為非曝露狀態,其中紗線61並未曝露於該物理刺激。但請
參閱圖11,該織物60係被示為在曝露狀態,其中紗線61會曝露於該物理刺激。在未曝露狀態時,各開孔63的面積會相對較小。但在曝露狀態時,紗線61會具有較大厚度及較大長度。如上所述,長度的增加會凌駕厚度的增加而增加各開孔63的最後面積。即是,將該紗線60曝露於該物理刺激將會使其增加長度,此即會增加各開孔63的面積而修正該織物60的結構。
修正該織物60的結構(即增加開孔63的面積)會改變織物60的性質。在未曝露狀態下,各開孔63會較小些。但在曝露狀態時,各開孔63的面積會增加,故會增加例如水、光及流動空氣對該織物60的總滲透率。即是,在曝露狀態時,各開孔63之較大的面積將會提高水、光及流動空氣穿透該織物60的容易度。因此,將織物60曝露於一物理刺激將會增加其之可滲透性,故能增加衣服10的可滲透性。
當被併設於該衣服10時,該織物60可被用來冷卻該個人,並例如除去其汗水。因此,依據前述,該織物60可由紗線61來製成,其可在有物理刺激時改變尺寸和波曲程度。該紗線61的尺寸變化將會修正織物60的結構,而造成織物60的性質變化。當被設入衣服10時,該織物60曝露於物理刺激下的性質變化將可被用來冷卻該個人並助其排汗。因此,織物60得能有效地調整來改變該個人的汗濕程度,以加強穿著該衣服10之個人的舒適感。
第六織物結構
增加或減少形成一織物的各紗線之間的開孔面
積係為一種修正該織物結構而來改變該織物性質(即可滲透性)的方法。在某些實施例中,該織物的組織亦可被修正而來改變該織物的性質。請參閱圖12~15,一織物70會被揭露。該織物70係透過一串交製法而由一紗線71與另一紗線72來製成。如後所詳述,該織物70的組織會由較平滑改變成具有多數的結節73,其將會形成該個人與織物70之間的隔離物理。結節73等會有效地使該織物70保持隔離該個人,而可容空氣流經該織物70與個人之間,以促進汗水的排除。為製成該織物70,紗線71和72會經由一圓形針織法來機械操作而形成該織物70,其可例如具有一平針織結構或雙針織凹凸結構。在某些實施例中,三條或更多的紗線亦可被用來製成該織物70,且除了平針織及雙針織凹凸結構之外的多種其它針織結構亦可被使用。
雖紗線71係由一當有物理刺激存在時即會改變尺寸的材料所製成,但紗線72是由不大會被該物理刺激影響的尺寸穩定秒所製成。因此,紗線71當曝露於該物理刺激時將會實質改變尺寸。紗線71會延伸穿過由紗線72所形成的結構,且主要會位於該織物70的一面上。即是,紗線71的位置會集中在織物70的一面。當曝露於該物理刺激時,紗線71會改變尺寸,而紗線72會保持尺寸穩定。當曝露於該物理刺激時,該紗線71的尺寸將會增加,而在織物70的一面上形成多數結節73等。即是,當曝露於該物理刺激時,紗線71的集中區域將會形成結節73。
請參閱圖12及13,該織物70係被示為未曝露狀
態,其中各紗線71和72並未曝露於物理刺激。但請參閱圖14及15,該織物70係被示為在曝露狀態,其中紗線71和72係被曝露於該物理刺激。在未曝露狀態時,織物70會具有一較平滑的組織。但在曝露狀態時,該織物70將會由於眾多結節73的存在而具有較粗大的組織。即是,將紗線71曝露於該物理刺激即會在織物70的一面上形成結節73等,而使該織物70組織增大,此將會修正該織物70的結構。
該織物70結構的修正會改變該織物70的性質。在未曝露狀態時,織物70會較平滑而充分地接觸該個人。但在曝露狀態時,該織物70的組織將會因形成結節73而增加,致在該個人與織物70之間形成一間隔。即是,結節73會有效地使織物70保持隔離該個人,並容許空氣流通於織物70與該個人之間,而得增加其排汗速率。將該織物70曝露於一物理刺激會增加該織物70的組織,而得增加該衣服10的組織性質。因此,該織物70能夠有效地調變來改變該個人的汗濕程度,故可加強穿著該衣服10之人的舒適感。
第七織物結構
如前在本發明的背景部份中所述,織物一般可分成兩大類。第一類織物係由纖維或單絲的網疋藉黏接、熔接或互扣來直接製成而構成非織的織物或毛氈。另第二類的織物係經由紗線的機械操作來製成。上述各織物20、30、40、50、60、70皆係藉紗線的機械操作來製成,故乃屬於第二大類。但本發明的概念亦可應用於非織的織物。
請參閱圖16,一具有非織織物構造的織物80會被
揭露,其包含多數的單絲81和82等。非織織物通常係藉在一移動的輸送帶上沈積一或多層聚合物單絲來生產,故可製成具有均一厚度的非織織物。該織物80包含二層,其中一層係由眾多單絲81所形成,而另一層則由眾多單絲82所形成。
該等單絲81係由當有物理刺激即會改變尺寸的材料所製成,而單絲82則由不會被該物理刺激太大影響的尺寸穩定材料所製成。因此,當曝露於該物理刺激時,單絲81等會實質改變尺寸。單絲81會形成該織物80的一層,且主要位在該織物80的一面上。即是,該等單絲81的位置係集中在織物80的一面。當曝露於物理刺激時,單絲81會改變尺寸,而單絲82則會保持尺寸穩定。如同前述的織物70,其亦有不同的紗線集中在不同面上,當曝露於該物理刺激時單絲81的尺寸會增加,而會在該織物80的一面上形成多數的結節。即是,當曝露於該物理刺激時,單絲81的集中區域將會膨脹,而形成類似前述結節73的結節。
該織物80係被示出具有二非織層由單絲81和82所製成。在本發明的某些實施例中,由單絲82所製成之層亦能以一由機械操作一紗線所製成的織物來取代。即是,該由單絲82製成之層亦可由一前述第二類的織物來形成。當被製成具有此結構時,該單絲81之層乃可例如被黏接或縫合於另一織物層。在其它實施例中,由單絲81製成之層亦可被以織物60或任何其它上述的織物來取代。且,一織物亦可僅由一層單絲81來製成。在又另外的實施例中,一
織物可具有一構造,其中單絲81和82係均勻地分佈整個織物的厚度。因此,多種非織的織物結構皆可由遇有一物理刺激時將會改變尺寸的單絲來製成。
第八織物結構
上述織物70和80皆具有一結構,其中尺寸穩定材料(即紗線72和單絲82)會集中鄰近於一表面,而在有物理刺激時會改變尺寸的材料(即紗線71和單絲81)會集中鄰近於另一相反表面。另一種可達到此類似結構的方式係示於圖17中,該織物90包含一紗線91會被編入一間隔網材料的一表面中。更具言之,該間隔網材料包含一第一層92與一第二層93會被多數的連接紗94間隔分開並連結。當有一物理刺激存在時可改變尺寸的紗線91會被織入或編入第一層92中。雖紗線91是由當有物理刺激時會改變尺寸的材料製成,但其它的第一層92、第二層93和連接紗94等皆可由尺寸穩定的材料來製成。
在製造該織物90時,雙針桿拉舍爾(Raschel)針織法可被用來由該尺寸穩定紗製成第一層92、第二層93、及連接紗94等。嗣紗線91會被編入或結合於第一層92中。在本發明的其它實施例中,該第一層92亦可全部由遇物理刺激會改變尺寸的材料來製成。或者,第一層92、第二層93及連接紗94等係可由遇有物理刺激即會改變尺寸的材料來製成,而紗線91則由一尺寸穩定材料來製成。因此,有多種結構可利用於一單隔網材料來形成一結構,其中尺寸穩定材料會集中於一表面,而遇有物理刺激會改變尺寸的材
料則會集中鄰接於一相反表面。但在某些實施例中,一間隔網材料的全部或一大部份亦可由一尺寸穩定材料來製成。
在上述各種織物結構中,一纖維、單絲或紗線會被結合於一織物中,其具有一結構遇有一物理刺激時將會改變尺寸。在纖維、單絲或紗線上的塗覆層亦可被用來當作遇有物理刺激即會改變尺寸的材料。請參閱圖18,一織物100包含一紗線101與另一紗線102將被揭露。紗線101和102係由尺寸穩定材料所製成。但相對於紗線102,該紗線101含有一覆層103在有一物理刺激時即會改變尺寸。圖18及19示出紗線101和覆層103在未曝露狀態(即紗線101與覆層103並未曝露於該物理刺激)。在該未曝露狀態時,紗線102及紗線101與覆層103的組合物會具有大致相同的直徑。圖20示出紗線101和覆層103係在曝露狀態,且該覆層103的整個直徑會大大地增加。因此,將該織物100曝露於該物理刺激將會使紗線101和覆層103的組合改變尺寸。
在某些實施例中,不論有否曝露於該物理刺激,該紗線101的尺寸會大致保持固定,而覆層103在有物理刺激時即會膨脹或改變尺寸。在其它實施例中,當曝露於物理刺激時該覆層103則可壓縮該紗線101。但無論如何,當曝露於該刺激時,該紗線101與覆層103所組合的整體直徑將會增加。雖紗線101可由在有物理刺激時呈尺寸穩定的材料所製成,但該紗線101亦可由在有該刺激時會改變尺寸的材料來製成。
該覆層103係可在製成織物100之前先加設於該紗線101。此製程的優點係可使該織物100中的特定紗線含有覆層103。在其它實施例中,該覆層103亦可在製成該織物100之後才添加於該織物100。即是,一塗印製程(例如網幕印刷法)可被用來將覆層103佈設在該織物100之一指定區域上。相對於圖18所示的結構,使用一塗印方法來將覆層103敷設於該織物100的某些區域上,將會比塗佈該織物100中的個別紗線更佳。
織物結構的總結
依據上述說明,各種織物係可由遇有一物理刺激即會改變尺寸的纖維、單絲或紗線來製成。該等紗線的尺寸變化將會修正該織物的結構,而使該織物的性質改變。取決於所擇的紗線材料,例如水或該織物的溫度,乃可被用作為該物理刺激。當結合於一服裝物件時,該織物在曝露於該物理刺激的性質變化,乃可用來隔絕該個人與特定的環境狀況,或者例如改變該個人的汗濕程度。因此,本發明係有關能有效調變來增進穿著該衣服之人的舒適感之織物。
II.舉例的變化織物結構
上述內容係揭露多種織物,其皆具有一結構可被一物理刺激修正而來改變該織物的性質。該等或其它的織物結構可被變化採行的各種方式現將被揭露。例如,某些可被黏接於一織物結構而使其賦具抗拉伸性,切口或部份切口的材料,亦可被設在該織物結構中,或者覆層亦可被
佈設來阻抗該物理刺激的影響。
第一變化織物結構
上述之各織物結構主要係由各種單絲、纖維或紗線所製成。取決於製成該等單絲、纖維或紗線的材料,上述之各種織物皆會具有相當的延展特性。即是,該等織物當曝露於一拉伸力時,將會顯著地變形。為了限制該織物的伸展,各種具有較大抗拉伸程度的材料乃可被黏接或固接於該織物。
請參閱圖21,另一種物件會被揭露,其係為一鞋子10’具有一上部11’與一鞋底結構12’。相較於傳統的鞋子,該上部11’會結合一織物110,其具有一基層111與一補強結構112,如圖22及23所示。該基層111可為任何上述的各種織物結構。即是,該基層111可為織物20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90或100的任何一者。因此,基層111會具有一結構可被一物理刺激修正而來改變該織物110的整體性質。
該補強結構112係例如為一聚合物片,其具有許多方形孔隙而以水平部段交叉垂直部段來形成一方格造型。雖該基層111在受到一拉伸力時會較大地伸展,但補強結構112在受到同樣的拉伸力時只會伸展較小程度。於此情況下,該補強結構112的抗拉伸性將可使整體織物110賦具抗拉伸性。因此,該補強結構112會限制該織物110整體可伸展的程度。
腳穿物件例如該鞋子10’,當被用於走路、跑步
或其它步行運動時,將會承受相當的力量。更具言之,當在運動時,人腳將會施加相當的力量於該鞋子的上部11’。這些力量將會傾向於拉伸該上部11’或使上部11’的材料承受張力。雖一較小程度的上部11’伸展可以加強該鞋子10’的舒適感,但太大的伸展並不一定有利。因此,該補強結構112會限制該織物110的整體可伸展程度,而來抑止該基層111的本質伸展。
如前所述,該各織物結構係可被一物理刺激修正而來改變其性質。例如,有部份的織物能在有熱或水時改變尺寸,而形成孔隙以容熱空氣或汗水逸出。同樣地,有部份的織物會在有熱或水時改變尺寸而關閉孔隙,以限阻熱空氣或汗水流入該鞋10’內。將補強結構112添加於上述的任何織物結構中,乃可加強該織物結構的整體性質,及其可作為鞋子或其它運動裝備的適用性。換言之,該基層111與補強結構112的組合能提供一種織物,其可被一物理刺激修正而來改變該鞋子10’的整體性質,且亦能形成一種具有一適當抗伸展程度的織物。
抗伸展性並非添加該補強結構112所能得到的唯一優點。例如,補強結構112或類似的結構物亦可賦具抗磨性,而來增進該織物110的耐用性。此外,該補強結構112亦可提升附設有該織物110之物件的美感訴求。且,該補強結構112亦可提供一耐久的固定位置,或可供將該織物110結合於一物件。
該補強結構112於前述係具有一方格結構形成許
多方形孔隙。但補強結構112亦可形成梯形或圓形孔隙,分別如圖24A和24B所示,或者任何其它的實用形狀。當在一特定方向須要抗伸展性時,則直線或彎曲條紋的補強結構112亦可與基層111結合,分別如圖24C和24D所示。此外,若只在一織物之一特定區域中須要抗拉伸時,則補強結構112亦可僅被設置於該織物110的一部份。因此,該補強結構112的特定構造乃可依該織物110的特定用途或需要而變化使用。
上述補強結構112係呈一聚合物片,但在本發明的範圍內亦可為許多其它材料。例如,補強結構112可為一不同的織物,一間隔網材料,皮革,人造皮,或一薄膜等被固接於該基材111。該補強結構112亦可為一滲漬該基材111結構的聚合物。即是,一熔融的聚酯材料可被射出於基層111上而來形成補強結構112。在某些實施例上,該補強結構112可為一被織入基層111中的紗線或單絲,其會比該基層111更不可伸展。因此,可適用於該補強結構112的材料係能在本發明的範圍內充分地改變。
第二變化織物結構
另一種改變任何上述織物的方法係形成切口。圖25示出一衣服10”,其係由上述織物70所製成。有多數半圓形的切口74會貫穿該織物70,因此會貫穿各紗線71和72。請參閱圖26,具有切口74之織物70的一部份係被示為在未曝露狀態,其中紗線71和72並不曝露於該物理刺激。但請參閱圖27,該織物70係被示為在曝露狀態,其中紗線71和
72會曝露於該物理刺激。在未曝露狀態時,該織物70將會較平貼,而由切口74所形成的活瓣會呈關閉狀態。但在曝露狀態時,由切口74所形成的活瓣則會向上捲曲而形成織物70中的孔隙,故可修正該織物70的結構和性質。
在該織物70中的結構變化(即形成切口74等)會改變該織物70的性質。在未曝露狀態時,該織物70將會貼平而切口74不會形成孔隙。伸在曝露狀態時,由切口74形成的活瓣即會捲曲向上而形成織物70中的孔隙,故可容較多的空氣在該衣服10”的內部與外部之間流通。將該織物70曝露於一物理刺激不僅會增加該織物70的組織,且亦可增加該織物70的空氣流通性質。
該織物70會被製成使紗線71集中在一表面上,而紗線72則集中在相反表面上。當曝露於該物理刺激,例如水或溫度變化時,紗線71將會改變尺寸而增加大尺寸。因該紗線71尺寸增加而使該織物70尺寸的增加將會受制於較為尺寸穩定的紗線72。因此,紗線71的膨脹會令切口74所形成的活瓣向上捲曲。而朝向紗線72所集中的表面。該織物70並不是在曝露於一物理刺激時能以如此方式來反應的唯一織物結構。織物80和90亦皆具有類似的性質,因其在一表面上集中可變化尺寸的材料,而在相反的表面上集中尺寸穩定的材料。
雖該等切口74於上述係呈半圓形,但各種其它的形狀亦可適用於該切口74。例如,切口74亦可更接近圓形或呈一彎折造型,分別如圖28A和28B所示。該切口74亦可
呈一V形或S形,分別如圖28C和28D所示。在某些實施例中,切口74可與上述之非直線狀不同而呈直線狀,如圖28E所示。
各種不同的技術,包括模切或雷射切割操作皆可被用來形成切口74。在某些實施例中,該等切口74亦可藉由織物70的針織法來製成。即是,紗線71和72係能以一方式機械操作來形成切口74。
第三變化織物結構
上述各織物70、80、90皆具有一結構,其中當曝露於一物理刺激即會變化尺寸的材料係被集中於該織物結構之一表面上。類似於切口74的切口亦可被製設在上述之任何織物結構中。當被切割來形成切口74時,該織物70會保持貼平狀態,直到曝露於一物理刺激。但有些織物結構在被切割而未曝露於物理刺激時亦可捲曲。
請參閱圖29,有一織物120係被示出在未曝露狀態。該織物120包含多數的切口124等。該織物120由不同紗線來機械操作的方法,以及製成該等紗線的材料,會被選成當切開而未曝露於一物理刺激時,將會使切口124的邊緣捲曲。但當曝露於一物理刺激時,該等邊緣將會由於紗線的尺寸變化而拉伸。即是,當曝露於一物理刺激時,由該等切124所形成的孔隙將會封閉。
當被設入衣物中時,該織物120例如可被用來供一個人遮蔽落雨。當水分不存在時,形成該衣物中之孔隙的切口124可促進空氣流通於該衣物的內部和外部之間。但
當有落雨存在時,由切口124所形成的孔隙將會關閉,而來限制雨水可進入衣物內的程度。因此,該衣物乃可調變來改變環境狀況。
第四變化織物結構
切口74和124皆會完全延伸貫穿織物70和120。但在某些情況下,只有部份貫穿一織物結構的切口可能會較佳。圖31示出一織物130,其包含多數的部份切口134只會部份地延伸穿入該織物130。請參閱圖32A,該織物130係概略地示出包括一層131及另一層132,並有部份切口134會延伸貫穿該層131。該二層131和132係概略地代表各織物70、80、90的大致結構,其中在遇有物理刺激會改變尺寸的材料係集中鄰接於一表面,而尺寸穩定的材料則集中於相反表面上。
在圖32A中,該等部份切口134係完全貫穿該層131,故該層131會在這些區域中缺空。該層131可例如主要為遇有一物理刺激即會改變尺寸的材料。而製成該等部份切口134能有效地使其材料消緩該作用。因此,形成該等部份切口134亦為一種可防止或限制該織物130的特定區域由於一物理刺激的存在而改變性質的方法。雖該等部份切口134係被示為具有直線結構,但其亦可包含該織物130的一大面積。
雖部份切口134可代表面該層131中缺空的區域,但其亦可形成該層131中被熔解的區域,或只是部份缺空的區域。請參閱圖32B和32C,部份切口134等會形成該
層131中的凹槽。一種形成該等凹槽的方式係熔化該層131的材料,而使其材料集中在該層131的較低區域。因此,實際上該等部份切口134可代表該層131的熔化區域。雖被熔化而位於部份切口134內的材料可為遇有物理刺激即會改變尺寸的材料,但當曝露於該物理刺激時,在部份切口134內之材料的較大稠密度乃可限制該織物130的性質變化。即是,熔解部份的料層131將能有效地使該遇有物理刺激會改變尺寸的材料消減作用。而製成部份切口134的適當方法包括例如雷射切割或加熱模壓等等。
雖部份切口134可伸入遇有物理刺激會改變尺寸的材料中,但其亦可伸入一尺寸穩定的材料中。即是,部份切口134除了該層131外亦可延伸貫穿另一層132。在某些實施例中,部份切口亦可延伸而部份地貫穿一單層的材料,例如前述之織物20、30、40等。
熔化該各層131或132的材料以形成部份切口134等亦可被用來形成一類似於補強結構112的結構。如前所述,補強結構112可使一織物賦具抗延展性或耐磨性。藉著熔化部份的料層131或132,則構成各層131、132的材料將能有效地密集,而可使織物130賦具抗延展性或耐磨性。因此,部份切口134的形成亦可為另種製成補強結構112的方法。
第五變化織物結構
在一織物中製成部份切口係為一種可阻止或消減該織物遇有物理刺激即會尺寸變化的方法。而在纖維、
單絲或紗線上被覆塗層亦可用來阻止一物理刺激造成該材料的尺寸變化。請參閱圖33,一織物140包含一紗線141及另一紗線142將會被揭露。紗線141和142係由一遇有物理刺激即會改變尺寸的材料所製成。但相對於紗線141,另一紗線142會包含一覆層143,其可阻止物理刺激作用於該紗線142。圖34示出紗線141和142在未曝露狀態,且紗線141和142且有相似的直徑。而圖35示出紗線141和142係在曝露狀態,且紗線141的整體直徑會比紗線142更大甚多。因此,將該織物140曝露於該物理刺激將會使紗線141改變尺寸,但覆層143可阻止或限制另一紗線142的尺寸變化。
變化織物結構的總結
補強結構、切口、部份切口及覆層等皆可被用來改變及加強上述的任何織物結構。補強結構、切口、部份切口及覆層等的各種組合亦可用來改變及加強上述的任何織物結構。例如,切口或部份切口亦可被設在由補強結構所界限的孔隙中。此外,覆層亦可被用來影響具有切口之區域的反應。
本發明乃參照各種實施例來揭露於上及所附圖式中。但該等揭露內容的目的係為提供各種有關本發明之特徵和概念的舉例,而非要限制本發明的範圍。專業人士將可瞭解尚有許多變化修正可被實施於上述各實施例而不超出本發明的範圍,即如申請專利範圍所界定者。
10‧‧‧衣服
11‧‧‧衣身部份
12a、12b‧‧‧臂袖部份
20‧‧‧織物
Claims (8)
- 一種織物,其包含:一第一材料,其在暴露於一物理刺激時,呈現一尺寸變化,該第一材料係集中在該織物的一第一表面;及一第二材料,其係集中在該織物的一第二表面,該第二表面與該第一表面相對立,其中有一部分的該第一材料在該織物之一限定區域中缺空,使得該第二材料在該限定區域中穿過該第一表面而暴露出。
- 如請求項1之織物,其中該物理刺激係為水。
- 如請求項2之織物,其中該第一材料係為可吸水之單絲或纖維的至少一者。
- 如請求項2之織物,其中該第一材料係為可吸水之紗線。
- 如請求項1之織物,其中該物理刺激係為該織物的一溫度變化。
- 如請求項1之織物,其中該織物係為一非織織物,其包括許多該第一材料及該第二材料之單絲。
- 如請求項1之織物,其中該織物係為一非織材料,其具有由該第一材料形成之一第一層及由該第二材料形成之一第二層,該第一層鄰近於該第一表面,且該第二層鄰近於該第二表面。
- 如請求項1之織物,其中該織物結合於一服裝物件中。
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JP4734338B2 (ja) | 2011-07-27 |
EP1809131A1 (en) | 2007-07-25 |
US20050208859A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
ATE535162T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
CN101039598A (zh) | 2007-09-19 |
TWI433971B (zh) | 2014-04-11 |
US20050208266A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
EP1809131B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
US20050208860A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
US20050208857A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
US7754626B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
US20050208283A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
WO2006044210A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
TW200624615A (en) | 2006-07-16 |
JP2008517183A (ja) | 2008-05-22 |
TW201425678A (zh) | 2014-07-01 |
US20050208850A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
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