TWI402316B - 新穎的經穩定化之類胡蘿蔔素組成物 - Google Patents

新穎的經穩定化之類胡蘿蔔素組成物 Download PDF

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TWI402316B
TWI402316B TW095126390A TW95126390A TWI402316B TW I402316 B TWI402316 B TW I402316B TW 095126390 A TW095126390 A TW 095126390A TW 95126390 A TW95126390 A TW 95126390A TW I402316 B TWI402316 B TW I402316B
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Description

新穎的經穩定化之類胡蘿蔔素組成物
本發明係有關於包含被精細地分散之胡蘿蔔素的新穎組成物,本發明的新穎組成物可以被當作使用於食品、飲料、動物飼料、化妝品或藥物之著色劑或添加劑。
著色劑組成物可以是液體或固體組成物,β-胡蘿蔔素較佳地是當作固態水分散性著色劑組成物,液態著色劑組成物可以是穩定的水相分散的β-胡蘿蔔素。為了達到中間色系,這些組成物可以選擇性地包含其它著色性化合物,例如,其它的類胡蘿蔔素如β-蕃茄紅素(β-zeacarotene)、角黃素(canthaxanthin)、8’-衍-β-葫蘿蔔醛(8’-apo-β-carotenal)、8’-衍-β-葫蘿蔔酸乙酯(8’-apo-β-carotenoic acid ethyl ester)、蕃茄紅素(lycopene)、蝦青素(astaxanthin)、葉黃素(lutein)和玉米黃素(zeaxanthin)。
固態水分散著色劑組成物是其中將β-胡蘿蔔素精細地分散於基質或載體中的組成物,這基質或載體可以是一般用於類胡蘿蔔素配方的任何基質或載體,例如,該載體可以是碳水化合物、改質過的碳水化合物、蛋白質、改質過的蛋白質、或是其等的混合物。
使用於本發明之這種著色劑組成物之製備可以使用用於食物和飲料之類胡蘿蔔素和脂溶性維他命組成物的已知製備方法本身,例如歐洲專利公開案0347751、0966889、1066761、1106174和國際專利申請案WO98/15195所揭露者,它們的內容在此併入本案以為參考資料。
用來製備如本發明之著色劑組成物的較佳方法是在三酸甘油酯中製備β-胡蘿蔔素和油溶性的抗氧化劑溶液及,任擇性地,有機溶劑(例如,氯化的碳氫化合物),以及乳化由保護性親水膠載體所製備之水溶液中的油狀溶液,該載體諸如蛋白質、多醣類或改質之多醣類或其等的混合物,碳水化合物和,任擇地,水溶性抗氧化劑,如果有需要的話,例如以蒸發法移去有機溶劑。
使用一般技術,諸如噴灑-乾燥、與流體化床研磨結合的噴灑乾燥(後者技術通常稱為流體化噴灑乾燥或FSD)、或利用將噴出的乳化液滴收集在諸如澱粉之吸收劑的床中再乾燥的粉末收集技術,獲得的油於水中分散液可以被轉換成固態組成物,例如乾燥粉末。
包含重量百分比約1%數量的β-胡蘿蔔素且含有橙色色調的固態著色劑組成物是眾所周知的,這樣的組成物可分散在水中而且在食物、飲料、動物飼料、化妝品或藥物中產生黃色的色調。為經濟上原因,增加這種水分散組成物中胡蘿蔔素的濃度係有利的,因此本發明的目的係提出具有相當色度伴隨增加類胡蘿蔔素濃度的一種新的水分散性著色劑組成物。
眾所周知,用於飲料的著色劑組成物應該有高的色彩強度及相當高的混濁性,現在驚奇地發現,如果澱粉或是改質澱粉被當做載体或基質之部分,澱粉或是改質澱粉含量的變化會對色彩強度和混濁度、紅色值及顆粒大小有影響。進一步發現,藉著使用基於載體或基質全部重量的10%到60%的澱粉或改質澱粉,β-胡蘿蔔素的濃度可以提升至組成物全部重量的至少2%、較佳是至2%到10%、更佳是至2%到5%,其中最後組成物仍具有與色彩強度及混濁性相關之足夠的特質。
發明概要
本發明所敘述的目標因此可以根據申請專利範圍第1項的著色劑組成物來達成。
發明中有利的實施例可由申請專利範圍附屬項而變明顯。
在此使用之“類胡蘿蔔素”這名詞包含胡蘿蔔素或結構相關的多烯類化合物,其等係可以用作食物、飲料、動物飼料、化妝品或藥物的著色劑,這類類胡蘿蔔素的例子有α或β-胡蘿蔔素、8’-衍-β-胡蘿蔔醛、8’-衍-β-胡蘿蔔酸酯(諸如乙酯)、角黃素、蝦青素、蕃茄紅素、葉黃素、玉米黃素或藏花素、或它們的混合物。如先前提過的,較佳的類胡蘿蔔素是β-胡蘿蔔素。
除了食用澱粉或改質食用澱粉(例如辛烯基丁二酸鈉澱粉(sodium octenyl succinyl starch))之外,本發明組成物中出現的載体或基質包含丁二酸新烯酯澱粉糊精(octenylbutanedioate amylodextrin)(CapsulT M )、多醣類膠(如阿拉伯膠或麥芽糊精(maltodextrin)),或如骨膠之蛋白質(例如魚骨膠或豬或牛骨膠)、或植物蛋白質、或牛奶蛋白質、或木質素磺酸鹽、或其等之混合物。
較適的,本發明的新穎組成物更進一步包含輔助劑及/或賦形劑,諸如一個或多個單、雙、寡或多醣類、三酸甘油脂、水溶性抗氧化劑,及/或一個或多個脂溶性抗氧化劑。固態組成物也可以包含抗裂解劑如矽酸和水。
本發明組成物中可能存在之單和雙多醣類的例子有蔗糖、轉化糖、葡萄糖、果糖、乳糖、麥芽糖和糖醇。
本發明組成物中可能存在之三酸甘油酯的例子有中鏈三酸甘油酯、蔬菜油(如玉米油)、葵花籽油、大豆油、紅花油、油菜籽油、花生油、棕櫚油、棕仁油、棉花粉油或椰子油。
水溶性抗氧化劑可以是抗壞血酸和其鹽類(例如抗壞血酸鈉及相似物),脂溶性抗氧化劑可以是生育酚(tocopherol),例如d1-α-生育酚(即合成生育酚)、d-α-生育酚(即天然生育酚)、β-和γ-生育酚和它們的混合物,丁基羫基甲苯、對羫基苯甲醚丁酯、丙基沒食子酸、第三丙基-羫基喹晽或脂肪酸的抗壞血酸酯(如抗壞血酸棕櫚酸酯、或抗壞血酸硬脂酸酯)。依據水性基質溶液的pH值,上述最後兩個化合物可以替代性地添加到水相中。
基本上,根據本發明之粉末組成物應包含-約10到約60重量百分比、最好約20%到約30%重量百分比的糖聚合物,例如麥芽糖糊精(Maltodextrin);-約5到約50重量百分比、最好約10%到約40%重量百分比的阿拉伯膠;-約0.2到約10重量百分比、最好約1.5%到約10%重量百分比的類胡蘿蔔素;-5到約15重量百分比、最好約5%到約10%重量百分比的單或雙糖類;-10到約50重量百分比、最好約15%到約50%重量百分比的澱粉或改質澱粉;-約5到約50重量百分比、最好約10%到約20%重量百分比的三酸甘油酯;-0到約5重量百分比、最好約0.1%到約2%重量百分比的水溶性抗氧化劑;-0到約5重量百分比、最好約0.01%到約1%重量百分比的脂溶性抗氧化劑;-0到約2重量百分比、最好約0.1%到約1%重量百分比的矽酸;與-0到約10重量百分比、最好約1%到約5%重量百分比的水;全部成分的百分比加起來為100。
本發明的新穎組成物可以用作食品、飲料、動物飼料、化妝品或藥品的著色劑,本發明中可較佳地提供包含β-胡蘿蔔素來當著色劑的組成物。其中以β-胡蘿蔔素來當作著色劑的飲料可以是含二氧化碳飲料(例如調味蘇打水)、軟性飲料或礦物質飲料和不含二氧化碳的飲料(例如調味水)、果汁、果汁混合飲料和這些飲料的濃縮形式。他們可以是以天然水果汁或蔬菜汁或以人工香料為基底。同時包含的還有酒精性飲料和即溶飲料粉。除此之外,含糖飲料及沒有熱量和人工甘味的節食飲料也包括在內。
再者,不論是天然或是人工合成的乳製品均是在本發明食物產物的範圍內,該食物產物中之依據本發明的組成物可被當作著色劑。這樣產品之典型例子有牛奶飲品、冰淇淋、乳酪、優酪乳和相似物,牛奶代替產品,如豆漿和豆腐產品,也被包含在這應用範圍內。
本發明的新穎組成物也被當做著色劑而使用在糕餅類產品、糖果、口香糖、點心(例如冰淇淋)、果凍、布丁、即溶布丁粉和相似物,以及穀類食品、脆片、餅乾、意大利麵、湯和調味醬、美乃滋、沙拉醬和相似物中。
依據熟知的水或油分散性固體或液體之類胡蘿蔔素形式的應用方法本身,本發明的組成物可以使用於食物或醫藥品的著色上。
一般來說β-胡蘿蔔素著色劑組成物可以以水性常備式溶液、乾粉混合物或依據特別的應用方式與其他合適之食物成分預混的方式加入。依據最後應用方式的配方,混合方式可以用,例如,乾粉攪拌機、低剪力混合機、高壓均質機或高剪力混合機來達成。混合的程序與油性或水性成分的量均會影響最後應用的顏色。這種技術內容係在專家技術的範疇內是很容易明瞭的。
圖式簡單說明
第1到4圖顯示以包含約3%重量百分比之β-胡蘿蔔素之組成物中Capsul和阿拉伯膠混合物為基礎,對應於494nm之色彩強度E11(第1圖)、以NTU量測的濁度(第2圖)、紅色值(第3圖)、和顆粒大小(第4圖)對於CapsulT M (澱粉衍生物)含量的相依性。
較佳實施例之詳細說明 TM (澱粉衍生物)含量的相依性
以下例子是對本發明進一步的說明。
實例一:以Capsul T M 和阿拉伯膠混合物為基礎之內含 β-胡蘿蔔之著色劑組成物之物理特性對Capsul
第1到4圖顯示以包含約3%重量百分比之β-胡蘿蔔素之組成物中Capsul和阿拉伯膠混合物為基礎,對應於494nm之色彩強度E11(第1圖)、以NTU量測的濁度(第2圖)、紅色值(第3圖)、和顆粒大小(第4圖)對於CapsulT M (澱粉衍生物)含量的相依性。
基本上,根據本發明來使用的粉末組成物包含一對應於494nm的色彩強度E11,其範圍係1300到1900,較好範圍係1350到1600,以及一以NTU量測的濁度,其範圍係70到250NTU,較好範圍係70到120NTU。
本發明較佳的具體實施例中,粉末組成物為包括以CapsulT M 和阿拉伯膠混合物為基礎之約重量百分比25%到80%,較好是60%到80%的CapsulT M
實例2:著色組成物的製備
a)溶液A的製備將乾燥預混的80.8克阿拉伯膠和244.7克改質澱粉(CapsulT M )加入1.5升反應容器中之80℃的530克去離子水中,整個混合物在72℃惰性大氣且水溶液pH值保持在約3.9的環境下攪拌。在固態物完全溶解後,將7.2克抗壞血酸鈉、43.4克蔗糖、和175克麥芽糖糊精DE-2023加入混合物中。
b)溶液B的製備將144.6克之中鏈三酸甘油酯(Bergabest MCT-Oil 60/40的Berg+Schmidt)和0.72克之dl-α-生育醇加入反應燒瓶中,在惰性大氣下加入25.3克的β-胡蘿蔔素結晶和磁性攪拌子。將懸浮溶液和緩攪拌並同時將溶液加熱至170℃。將混合液保持在這個溫度約60秒後,再重冷卻到約85℃。
c)乳狀液的製備溶液B在劇烈攪拌下於72℃時加入溶液A中,並且該乳狀液被劇烈攪拌約十五到二十分鐘,在50/300 bar壓力下藉由對預乳化液進行三次通過之高壓均質化處理(APV-La 1000均質機)可以獲得精細的乳狀液。
d)噴霧乾燥將重量百分比0.2%的矽酸(Aerosil 200)加入乳狀液中,然後利用實驗室噴霧乾燥機將乳狀液在約65℃下噴霧乾燥約一小時,其中以入口溫度約200℃且出口溫度約80℃。噴霧乾燥的粉末在真空烘箱中以室溫乾燥整晚。
e)分析以光子相關光譜儀(photon correlation spectroscopy,Coulter N4 Plus)量測之預乳化液的平均粒徑大小為約500到600 nm,而分別地以光譜儀(spectrophotometry)及高效率液相層析法(HPLC)分析粉末中β-胡蘿蔔素的含量為2.9%。根據對5ppm分散液的CIE系統量測,色彩值為L =87.6,a =-8而b =54。根據a 與b 的值,在飽和c =55的色彩色度角h =82°可以被計算出來。
)哥本哈根果膠A/S之GENU果膠型VIS根據以上所描述的製備方法所製備的組成物,其特性如下:
實例3:以上述提及之步驟製備之兩個組成物(2,3)與一個不在本發明範圍內之組成物(控制組)的比較
第1到4圖顯示以包含約3%重量百分比之β-胡蘿蔔素之組成物中Capsul和阿拉伯膠混合物為基礎,對應於494nm之色彩強度E11(第1圖)、以NTU量測的濁度(第2圖)、紅色值(第3圖)、和顆粒大小(第4圖)對於CapsulT M (澱粉衍生物)含量的相依性。

Claims (12)

  1. 一種著色劑組成物,其包含一被分散在基質中的類胡蘿蔔素,其中該基質包含一改質澱粉,其特徵在於該組成物包含:a)重量百分比約10%到約60%的糖聚合物;b)重量百分比約5%到約50%的阿拉伯膠;c)重量百分比約0.2%到約10%的類胡蘿蔔素;d)重量百分比5%到約10%的單或雙醣;e)重量百分比約10%到約20%的三酸甘油酯;f)重量百分比約0.1%到約2%的水溶性抗氧化劑;g)重量百分比0.01%到約1%的脂溶性抗氧化劑;h)重量百分比約0.1%到約1%的矽酸;及i)重量百分比約1%到約5%的水;且其中該基質中的改質澱粉包含用量為以丁二酸辛烯酯澱粉糊精和阿拉伯膠之混合物重量為基準之重量百分比約25%到約80%的丁二酸辛烯酯澱粉糊精,足以賦予該著色劑組成物對應494nm的色彩強度E11範圍係1300至1900以及濁度係70至250 NTU。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項的組成物,其中該類胡蘿蔔素是β-胡蘿蔔素。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項的組成物,其中該三酸甘油酯是中鏈三酸甘油酯。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項的組成物,其中該脂溶性抗氧化劑是生育醇或脂肪酸酯或其等的混合物。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項的組成物,其包含:a)重量百分比約20%到約30%的麥芽糊精;b)重量百分比約10%到約40%的阿拉伯膠;c)重量百分比約1.5%到約10%的類胡蘿蔔素。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項的組成物,其中該水溶性抗氧化劑是抗壞血酸。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項的組成物,其為粉末。
  8. 一種食物,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之組成物。
  9. 一種飲料,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之組成物。
  10. 一種動物飼料,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之組成物。
  11. 一種化妝品,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之組成物。
  12. 一種藥品,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之組成物。
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