TWI359676B - System and method for determining a fill status of a canister of fluid in a reduced pressure treatment system - Google Patents

System and method for determining a fill status of a canister of fluid in a reduced pressure treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI359676B
TWI359676B TW096135009A TW96135009A TWI359676B TW I359676 B TWI359676 B TW I359676B TW 096135009 A TW096135009 A TW 096135009A TW 96135009 A TW96135009 A TW 96135009A TW I359676 B TWI359676 B TW I359676B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
reduced pressure
pressure
liquid
conduit
source
Prior art date
Application number
TW096135009A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW200829291A (en
Inventor
Christopher Brian Locke
Timothy Mark Robinson
David Robson Blandford
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Kci Licensing Inc
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Publication of TW200829291A publication Critical patent/TW200829291A/zh
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A61M1/73—Suction drainage systems comprising sensors or indicators for physical values
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M27/00—Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
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  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)

Description

1359676 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體而言係關於醫療裝置，且更特定言之係關於 連同醫療裝置而使用的詩決定液體罐之填充狀態之偵測 方法及系統。 【先前技術】 對諸如褥瘡潰瘍及在糖尿病患者腳上發現之彼等潰瘍之 開放創傷及疼痛的處理存在問題。對頻繁受到細菌性病原 體感染之該等創傷之適當處理受多因素支配。通常需要手 術來移除死亡及壞死組織。使用抗生素來抑制病原菌之生 長或殺死病原菌（如有可能）。同時，適當營養對於維持病 人之健康狀態為必要的’且更重要的是，豸當的創傷護理 對於創傷或疼痛之復原為根本的。 適當的創傷護理要求保持創傷清潔及乾燥。當創傷受感 染時，下伏組織擠出漿狀液體及（可能的）膿性滲出物，其 均需被移除來促進創傷復原、。㈣前述液體之傳統方法需 要對創傷之機械擦洗及以海綿進行的對創傷之乾燥。此程 序不僅對m而言為疼痛的’而且亦增大創傷由於在處 理期間引入創傷中之細菌而重複感染之可能性。 對於對開放創傷之此機械擦洗的替代方案為貞壓創傷閉 合裝置，匕負壓創傷閉合裝置由置放於創傷上以圍繞創傷 形成相對氣密且防漏之密封的發泡體塾組成。負壓創傷閉 口裝置亦具有液體耦接至固定於病人之創傷上之墊的真空 果。當啟動真空科，在覆蓋創傷之塾的内部產生負壓。 124284.doc 1359676 經由發泡體墊藉由負壓移除創傷所擠出之液體，且經由將 » 發泡體墊連接至一罐之管來傳送該等液體^該罐收集自創 傷移除之液體。當罐充滿自創傷移除之液體時，將罐倒空 且使其重新嚙合至真空系統。已嘗試在罐充滿創傷液體時 , 向使用者告警。此等方法目標在於直接量測罐中之創傷液 體之量。 然而’直接量測罐中之創傷液體之量的現有方法已被證 0 實為不可靠的，因為一般而言，創傷液體為黏性的。液體 亦經常發泡、起泡且捕集空氣，此可能導致液體不沈降至 罐之底部。在此項技術中仍存在對於在用於收集創傷液體 之罐充滿且需要倒空時向使用者告警之可靠系統及方法的 需要。 【發明内容】 藉由本發明之系統及方法來解決現有罐偵測系統之問 題。根據本發明之一實施例，提供在組織處理系統中用於 • 偵測液體罐之填充狀態之方法。該方法包括在組織處理系 統之一液體連通路徑中產生減壓及將減壓施加至組織位 點。將液體自組織位點收集於罐中。釋放減壓，且量測減 壓之衰減。自量測得之衰減決定罐之填充狀態。 * 在本發明之另-實施例中，減壓處理系統包括液體連接 至組織位點且經組態以收納在減壓之影響下自組織位點抽 出之液體的罐。減壓源經組態以提供減壓且藉由液體連通 路徑而液體連接至組織位點。液體連通路徑包括源管道、 罐及目標管道。該罐定位於減壓源與組織位點之間，且藉 124284.doc 由源管道而液體連接至減H該罐亦藉由目標管道而液 體連接至組織位點》減壓處理系統進—步包括感應裝置， 該感應裝置與源管道連通，且經組態以感應源管道中之壓 力。提供-閥’其與源管道連通以選擇性地排出減壓。處 理單元與感應裝置及閥連I處理單元經組態以打開間歷 時一選定量之時間，在該選定量之時間期間自感應裝置接 收感應資料以決定減壓之衰減；且基於減壓之衰減決定罐 之填充狀態。 在本發明之又一實施例中，減壓處理系統包括用以提供 減壓之減壓源。一多孔墊定位於組織位點處且液體連接至 減壓源。一罐液體連接於多孔墊與減壓源之間以收集自組 織位點抽出之液體。該系統進一步包括液體連接至一在罐 與減壓源之間的管道之螺線管閥。提供用於決定在螺線管 閥打開時管道中之壓力衰減之構件。 本發明之其他目標、特徵及優勢將參看隨後之圖式及詳 細描述而變得顯而易見。 【實施方式】 在對說明性實施例之以下詳細描述中，參考形成其部分 之隨附圖式。可藉由使用此等說明性實施例來實踐本發 明。足夠詳細地描述此等實施例以使得熟習此項技術者能 夠實踐本發明。可利用其他實施例，且可在不脫離說明性 實施例之精神或範疇的情況下進行邏輯、結構、機械、電 力及化學改變。為了避免對於使熟習此項技術者能夠實踐 本發明不必要之細節’描述可省略熟習此項技術者已知的 124284.doc 明9676 某些資訊。因此’不應將以下詳細描述視作限制性的。說 明性實施例之範疇由所附申請專利範圍界定。 術語π減壓”在用於本文中時一般指代小於正經受處理之 組織位點處之環境壓力的壓力。在多數情況下，此減壓將 小於病人所在處之大氣壓力。雖然可使用術語"真空，，及 "負壓"來描述施加至組織位點之壓力，但施加至組織位點 之實際壓力可旎顯著小於正常情況下與完全真空相關聯之 壓力。與此命名法相一致，減壓或真空壓力之增大指代絕 對壓力之相對減小，而減壓或真空壓力之減小指代絕對壓 力之相對增大》 術語"組織位點，，在用於本文中時指代位於包括（但不限 於）骨骼組織、脂肪組織、肌肉組織、真皮組織、血管組 織、結締組織、軟骨、腱或韌帶之任何組織上或組織内之 創傷或缺陷。術語"組織位點"可進一步指代未必受傷或存 在缺陷但替代地為需要添加額外組織或促進額外組織之生 長之區域的任何組織區域。舉例而言，可在某些組織區域 中使用減壓組織治療以使額外組織生長，可採集該額外組 織且將其移植至另一組織位置。 參看圖1，減壓處理系統11包括定位於組織位點i 5處之 多孔墊20或其他分配歧管。多孔墊2〇藉由目標管道21而液 體連接至罐17。減壓源19藉由源管道24而液體連接至罐 1 7。在操作尹’減壓源19經由總體而言包含源管道μ、罐 17及目標管道21之液體連通路徑而將減壓傳遞至組織位 124284.doc 丄: 螺線管閥或其他合適閥18安裝至源管道“且用以在打開 時㈣體連通路#内之減㈣放至大氣。螺線管閥Η可與 處理=26連通且可受其控制，在下文中較為詳細地描述 處理单元26。處理置； 早7L26可進一步與用以決定源管道24中 之壓力的感應裝置28連通。
Τ壓處理系統11能夠可靠地決定罐之填充狀態(亦即， 罐疋否充滿液體)。系統賴於所安裝之液體連通路徑 之今置’且因& ’真空自此已知容量之釋放應在閥18打開 後的設定時間内發生。當處理單元26藉由任-可靠阻塞福 測方法偵測到液體連通路徑内之阻塞時，處理單元％以信 號通知閥1 8打開選定量之時間（例如，丨秒）以將減麼自液體 連通路徑排出至大氣。處理單元26自感應裝置28接收感應 資料，且在此1秒之時期内監視壓力衰減。若壓力快速衰 減，則處理單元26決定罐17為充滿的，因為所排出之腔室 之容量較小。相應地，處理單元26將在決定罐滿狀態之情 況下以信號發出警報。 若衰減較為緩慢，即在螺線管閥18打開之1秒的時期 内，真空未衰減至預定水準，則處理單元26將斷定罐17未 滿。既而處理單元將假設最初偵測到之阻塞狀態係由目標 g道21中之實際阻塞而非罐滿狀態所引起。處理單元2 6在 此特疋情況下可以信號發出單獨的警報來指示存在阻塞。 較佳地’用以向使用者通知創傷液體之罐滿之警報與用以 向使用者通知創傷液體流經之目標管道2丨中的阻塞之警報 為分離且不同的。 124284.doc 1359676 可以若干方式來決_之衰減。舉例而言，可藉由在 打開閥以之後的選定量之時間内量測減虔之減小(亦即， 絕對壓力之增大）來決定衰減。 卜马另實例，可藉由量 測減壓降至臨限壓力所需之時間量來決定衰減”亦可藉由 在打開間18之後的選定量之時間内量測源管道以中流動速 率之減小來決定減壓之衰減。亦 J」以類似方式使用量測減 壓之衰減之其他方法’且預期該等方法處於說明性實施例 之範疇内。
可連同說明性實施例使用額外組件來較佳地決定罐17之 填充狀態。舉例而言，將罐17連接至多孔墊2〇之創傷液體 流經的目標管道可包括可選閥25。在經由閥18向大氣排 氣時關閉閥25可指示罐内為空之容量。自對空容量之此指 示進行推斷且知曉罐之幾何形狀，吾人可決定罐中液體之 含量，且亦可決定自組織位點15的液體流動速率（若對其 進行週期性監視）。 仍參看圖1但亦參看圖2，處理單元26可含於亦可收容減 壓源19、感應裝置28及閥18之醫療單元外殼40中。處理單 元26可組態為具有相同或不同類型之一或多個處理器。舉 例而言，處理單元26可包括一或多個處理器、邏輯、類比 組件或使得包括諸如系統中各個位置處之液體壓力的資訊 之信號能夠被接收到之任何其他電子設備。. 處理單元26執行軟體208，且可進一步與以下組件通 信：（i)用於儲存資料及軟體碼之記憶體210，（ii)用於以無 線方式、經由導線或經由記憶體輸入裝置而與諸如閥或感 124284.doc 1359676 應裝置的其他裝置及系統通信之輸入/輪出（I/O)單元218， (111)可儲存諸如具有一或多個檔案之資料庫的一或多個資 料儲存庫226a-226n(統稱226)之儲存單元222，（iv)可能為 或可能不為觸碰敏感式之電子顯示器234及（v)能夠藉由使 用音訊、視覺或其他信號來以信號通知減壓處理系統之使 用者的一或多個警報器238。軟體2〇8可經組態以與其他裝 置中之每一者（例如，電子顯示器234)介接以允許對減壓處 理之管理及觀測。 測試資料 參看圖3，此圖式描繪由類似於減壓處理系統丨丨之系統 進行的測試之結果之圖示。在此測試中，相對於封閉罐在 125 mmHg下之填充水準而標記衰減時間之變化。以各種 量之水以50 ml之增量將罐自空填充至咒❶瓜卜將用於創傷 醫療之負壓設定為125 mmHg，且系統運轉直至泵在稍超 過目標壓力處停止。接著斷開醫療且應用自然浪漏以使壓 力降至125 mmHg。此時，操作閥以使罐向大氣排氣。以 每秒10個樣本來記錄壓力輪廓。亦藉由附著至系統之標準 大創傷來進行相同測試，且該測試導致圖6之曲線圖。 參看圖4，此圖式描繪測試之結果之圖示，在該測試中 觀测對於大創傷，在各個壓力下滿罐與接近滿罐之間在衰 減時間上的差異。標準大創傷發泡體及敷件經製備於塑膠 基座上且配備有減壓傳遞墊來允許注射器注入液體以填充 罐且引起阻塞警報《在50 mmHg至400 mmHg之醫療壓力 下繪製兩組曲線，一者在450 ml之液體含量下且一者係對 124284.doc -12- U59676 於以創傷排液填充直至阻塞警報發生之罐。選擇45〇⑹之 值係因為對於所使用之特定罐需要盡可能高之填充水準 (與無阻塞警報發生相一致)。以若系統可在高水準下區分 兩種情形’則在水準降低時此只會更簡單之理解，將此情 形預期為最壞之案例情況。 將罐填充至450 ml且獲得稍超過目標壓力之壓力。斷開 真空泵，且在洩漏使得壓力降至目標水準時，如上文所述
而打開排氣閥。對於阻塞之曲線群，#由向創傷中注入水 且在正常醫療條件下操作而填充罐。此測試之結果展示於 圖4中。
參看圖5，此圖式描繪測試之結果之圖示，在該測試中 觀測對於大創傷，滿液體含量與其他液體含量之間在350 mmHg下的衰減差異。如在圖3及圖4之測試中而製備標準 大創傷，且繪製在350 mmHg下關於外部填充的自空至5〇〇 ml之液體含量之壓力曲線。此程序如在上文所述之測試中 而在直接控制下進行。系統於2〇〇 mmHg下在正常醫療下 運轉’且將液體注入至創傷中直至阻塞警報發生。在35〇 mmHg下恢復直接控制，並繪製最後一條曲線。 測試結論 圖3中對於封閉罐而獲得之曲線展示填充水準與壓力降 至0 mmHg及5 mmHg之時間之間的良好線性。在衰減.之早 期階段中存在一些交叉，但曲線之趨向看起來指示衰減時 間與填充水準大致成比例β 圖3中描繪之結果係關於封閉罐。如圖6中反映之額外工 124284.doc •13- 1359676 作揭示，在附著一創傷時，交又效應大大減少。 圖4中之曲線圖指*在資料中存在不同分組。^滿罐之
情況下，在過濾閉塞發生時，壓力在小於〇 8秒内降至W mmHg以下’而無關於醫療壓力。在罐接近充滿但尚未發 生閉塞時，至1〇 mmHg之時間為3秒或更多。若量測至初 始百分比的時間而非至一絕對壓力之時間，則可改良差 異。 圖5證實，對於自空至500 ml之所有填充水準的衰減時 間消耗相當長時間來自35〇 mmHg降至接近於零之水準。 最快衰減速率（500 ml)在四秒之後降至約2〇 mmHg且在1〇 秒之後仍在10 mmHg左右《作為比較，阻塞曲線在不到i 秒内實際上降至零（3 mmHg以下）。 本申吻案中揭示之系統及方法藉由可靠地向系統使用者 告警創傷液體罐充滿且可能需要被倒空而改良了現有負壓 處理系統。藉由經由閥釋放液體連通路徑中之壓力，本文 揭示之系統及方法能夠量測負壓衰減之速度。若液體連通 路徑内部之負壓快速衰減，則系統決定罐充滿，且啟動向 使用者通知罐充滿創傷液體之警報器。若液體連通路徑内 部之負壓緩慢衰減，則系統決定系統令存在應被移除之阻 塞’且藉由啟動警報器而通知使用者。 儘管本文論述之實例中之許多者為本發明在創傷處理之 醫學領域中的應用，但本發明亦可應用於其他類型之負壓 應用’包括（但不限於）用於其他醫學及非醫學用途之抽吸 及液體收集裝置。 124284.doc •14· 1359676 熟習此項技術者應瞭解’本發明可應用於需要提供對含 有任何物質之容器之填充狀態的指示之許多領域令。自前 述内容應顯而易見，已提供具有顯著優勢之發明。雖然本 發明僅以其形式中之少數幾者而展示，但其並不受限於 此，而可容許在不脫離其精神的情況下進行各種改變及修 改。 【圖式簡單說明】
圖1描繪根據本發明之實施例之具有滿罐偵測能力之減 壓處理系統； '
據 據 圖2描繪圖1之減壓處理系統之處理單元的方塊圖； 圖3描繪-測試之結果之圖示，該測試由—系統使用根 本發明之說明性實施例之滿罐偵測方法而進行； 圖4描繪-測試之結果之圖^該測試由—I統使用根 本發明之說明性實施例之滿罐偵測方法而進行. W 4之結果之圖示’該測試由一系統使用根 本發明之說明性實施例之滿罐偵測方法而進行. 圖6描繪一測試之結果之圖示，該測試由一I雜^ 本發明之說明性實施例之滿罐偵測方、，， 根 【主要元件魏·】 11 減壓處理系統 15 組織位點 17 罐 18 閥 19 減壓源 124284.doc 1359676 20 多孔塾 21 目標管道 24 源管道 25 閥 26 處理單元 28 感應裝置 40 醫療單元外殼 208 軟體 210 記憶體 218 輸入/輸出（I/O)單元 222 儲存單元 226a-226n 資料儲存庫 234 電子顯示器 238 警報器 124284.doc -16-

Claims (1)

  1. 丄 十、申請專利範圍： A種在、，且織處理系統中用於偵測一液體罐之一填充狀 態之方法’該方法包含： 在該組織處理系統之—液體連通路徑中產生一減壓； 將該減壓施加至一組織位點； 將液體自該組織位點收集於該罐中； 釋放該減壓； 隨著該減壓經釋放而量測該減壓之一衰減；及 自該量測得之衰減決定該罐之一填充狀態。 •如π求項1之方法，其中在該液體連通路徑之至少一'部 分中釋放該減壓。 3 ’如吻求項1之方法，其中該填充狀態指示該罐充滿或未 充滿。 4. 如请求項1之方法，其中量測該衰減進一步包含： 設定一低於該減壓之壓力臨限； 在釋放該減壓之後即量測該罐達到該壓力臨限之時 間；及 基於該量測得之時間來決定該罐之該填充狀態。 5. 如請求項1之方法，其中釋放該減壓及量測該衰減進一 步包含： 釋放該減壓一選定量之時間； 量測在該選定量之時間之後該液體連通路徑之該至少 一部分内所達到的一壓力；及 基於該所達到之壓力來決定該罐之該填充狀態。 124284.doc 1359676 6·如請求項1之方法，其中釋放該減壓及量測該衰減進一 步包含： 釋放該減壓一選定量之時間； 量測在該減壓釋放期間自該液體連通路徑之一流動速 率；及 基於該流動速率決定該罐之一填充狀態。 7. 如請求項1之方法，其中決定一填充狀態包括決定一填 充水準。 8. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包含： '方該罐之該填充水準指示一滿罐，則向一使用者告警 該罐充滿》 9. 如凊求項1之方法，其中該液體連通路徑包括該罐、一 將該罐液體連接至一減壓源之源管道及一將該罐液體連 接至該組織位點之目標管道。 1 〇. —種減壓處理系統，其包含： 一罐’其液體連接至一組織位點’且經組態以收納在 一減壓之影響下自該組織位點抽出之液體； 一減壓源，其經組態以提供該減壓且藉由一液體連通 路控而液體連接至該組織位點，該液體連通路徑包括一 源管道、該罐及一目標管道，該罐定位於該減壓源與該 組織位點之間且藉由該源管道液體連接至該減壓源，該 罐進一步藉由該目標管道而液體連接至該組織位點； 一感應裝置’其與該源管道連通且經組態以感應該源 管道中之一壓力； 124284.doc 1359676 閱’其與該源管道連通且經組態以排出該減壓；及 • 一處理單元，其與該感應裝置及該閥連通且經組態 以： 打開該閥一選定量之時間； 在該選定量之時間期間自該感應裝置接收感應資料 - 以決定減壓之一衰減；及 • 基於減壓之該衰減決定該罐之一填充狀態。 11·如請求項10之系統，其中該填充狀態指示該罐充滿或未 充滿。 12. 如請求項10之系統，其中： 該閥自該液體連通路徑之至少一部分選擇性地排出該 減壓；且 減壓之該衰減係在該液體連通路徑之該至少一部分中 決定。 13. 如請求項10之系統，其中該處理單元進一步經組態以： 在打開該閥之後，即決定該罐達到一壓力臨限所需之 • 時間；且 使用該時間來決定該罐之該填充狀態。 • 14.如請求項10之系統，其中該處理單元進一步經組態以： , 決定在該選定量之時間之後在該液體連通路徑内所達 到的一壓力，及 基於該所達到之壓力來決定該罐之該填充狀態。 15.如請求項1〇之系統，其中該處理單元進一步經組態以決 定在該液體連通路徑中是否存在一阻塞。 124284.doc 16. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 如凊求項10之系統，其進一步包含： —第二閥，其液體耦接至該目標管道，且經組態以在 該第—閥打開時關閉。 如吻求項16之系統，其中該第一閥及該第二閥包含電致 動或機械致動之閥。 如δ月求項10之系統，其進一步包含： 警報器’其與該處理單元通信’且經組態以在該罐 充滿時向一使用者告警。 種具有滿罐偵測能力之減壓處理系統，該系統包含： 一減壓源’其用以提供一減壓； 夕孔墊，其定位於組織位點處且液體連接至該減壓 源； 罐’其液體連接於該多孔墊與該減壓源之間以收集 自该組織位點抽出之液體； 螺線管閥，其液體連接至一在該罐與該減壓源之 的管道；及 用於決疋在該螺線管閥打開時該管道中之一壓力衰減 之構件》 < 、求項19之系統，其中該用於決定一壓力衰減之構件 進步包含一與該管道連通之流量感應器。 、求項19之系統，其中該用於決定一壓力衰減之構件 進步包含一與該管道連通之壓力感應器。 、月求項19之系統’其中該用於決定—壓力衰減之構件 進一步包含一定時器以量測該管道中之壓力達到一選定 124284.doc 1359676 壓力臨限所消耗的一時間量。 23.如請求項19之系統，其進一步包含用以回應於決定為指 示一滿罐狀態之該壓力衰減而啟動一警報器之構件。
    124284.doc
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US20190151516A1 (en) 2019-05-23
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