TWI322600B - Base station for wireless communications - Google Patents
Base station for wireless communications Download PDFInfo
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- TWI322600B TWI322600B TW093110750A TW93110750A TWI322600B TW I322600 B TWI322600 B TW I322600B TW 093110750 A TW093110750 A TW 093110750A TW 93110750 A TW93110750 A TW 93110750A TW I322600 B TWI322600 B TW I322600B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
- G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Description
1322600 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明申請案係有關於具有受控傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)點對點(peer—to—peer)通信之無線通信方法及 系統。 【先前技術】 無線通信系統係熟習本發明技術領域之人士所習知。一 般而言,這類無線通信系統係具有通信站,藉以在各個無線 通信系統間傳輸及接收無線通信信號。根據無線通信系統之 類型,通信站通常會具有下列兩種類型,亦即:基地台(Bs) 或無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU),其係具有行動單元。 在本發明申請案中,基地台(BS)之用語係包括、但不 限於:基地台(BS)、B節,點、位置控制器、存取點、或無線 ,境之其他界面裝置’藉贱無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru) 能夠無線存取這個基地台(Bs)之關連網路。 η 7Γ
%个r諝案中,無線傳輸及接收單 (WTRU)之躲係包括、但不限於:制者設備(证: =動台、固定或行動用戶單元、傳呼器、或能夠操作於益 %境之任補雜置。無_纽触_ (wtru); ^ :固人通裝置’諸如··電話、視訊電話、及具有網路 際網路電話。料,無線傳輸及接 攜式個人計算裝置,諸如:個人數位助理_、 之無線數據機之筆記型電腦。再者,· 网式",、線傳輸及接收單元(w 之無線傳輸及―卿倾: 7 通常’在基地台(BS)網路中,各個基地台(Bs)係 此夠利用適當架構之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)執行同 步無線通信。其t,部分鱗傳輸及魏單元(WTRU)係 架構以直接在各個基地台(BS)間執行無線通信,亦即:不 經過基地台(BS)以傳遞至整個網路。通常,這種方法係稱 為點對點(peer-to-peer)模式通信。另外,無線傳輸及接 收單το (WTRU)亦可以進行轉,藉以應用於同時具有網 路基地台(BS)通信功能及點對點(师―t〇_peer)模式通 信功能之複合網路。 已知’某種麵之無線系統,其亦可⑽為無線區域網 路(WLAN)係、進行架構’藉以利用配備無線區域網路 (WLAN)數據機之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)執行無 線傳輸,並且,這些無線區域網路(WLAN)數據機亦可以 利用具有類似配備之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)執行點 對點(peer —to —peer)模式通信。目前,無線區域網路 jWLAN)數據機係由製造者整合於各種傳統通信裝置及計 r裝置。舉例來說,行動電話、個人數位助理(pDA)、及膝 上型電腦係内建單一或複數無線區域網路dAN)數據機。 因此,具有無線區域網路(WLAN)數據機之這類無線傳輸 及接收單元(WTRU)間之無線通信需求便會與日俱增。舉 例來說,配備無線區域網路(WLAN)數據機之個人數位助 理之第使用者可能會想要與配置無線區域網路(WIAN) 數據機之行動電話之第二使用者分享資料(諸如:電話薄), 並且’最好能夠不經過既有之電信網路。 為達到上述及其他目的,具有單一或複數無線區域網路 1322600 (WLAN)存取點,亦即:基地台⑽,之熱門無線區域 網路(IAN)環境通常係根據IEEE 802.11b標準加以建立。 通常,這類無線區域網路(WLAN)之無線服務面積係受限 於地理面積’俗稱為,’熱門景點(hotspot),,。這類無線通信 系統最好係部署於各種位置,諸如:機場、咖啡店、及旅館, 其僅僅包括少數可能例子。另外,這類無線通信網路之存取 通韦會為要使用者之驗證程序。目前,這類無線通信系統之 協定係定義於無線區域網路(WLAN)技術領域之各種相關
標準内。已知,這類無線通信系統之協定係包括:ffiEE 8〇2 豕方矢之相關標準。
無線區域網路(WLAN)及其他類型網路之無線通信係 利用兩種常見方法加以實施,亦即:(丨)基礎建設模式通信; 以及(2)特別模式通信。第1A圖係表示基礎建設模式通信 之簡單示意圖,其中,各個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 係經由一個基地台(BS) 54進行無線通信,並且,這個基地 台(BS) 54係可以做為網路基礎建設16之一個存取點。如圖 中所示’這個基地台(BS) 54係可以與無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU) 18、無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 20、無線傳 輸及接收單元(WTRU) 22、無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 24、及無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 26分別進行無線通信。 在第1A圖中,各個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之間並不 存在直接連接。另外,這些無線通信之協調及同步係利用這 個基地台(BS) 54加以達成。這類無線通信系統之架構亦可 以稱為無線區域網路(WLAN)之基本服務集合(BSS)。 相對於基礎建設模式通信,特別模式通信則可以不透過 9 1322600 網路基礎建設之使用。_模式通信係轉點(卿―切 peer)模式通信加以達成,並且,這類無線通信系統之架 構亦可以稱為"獨立基本服務集合(BSS) ·,。在特別模式中^ 兩個或複數無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係可以在彼此間 建立直接連接’並且’可以不需要透過另—個協調網路元件 ί亦基地台(BS))之使用。第1B圖係表示特別模式通 信之簡單轉圖。糾,這烟路基猶設料需要任何存 取點。細,-個基地台(BS)亦可以翻模式通信之 協定進行轉,藉峨為崎點(pee卜tG—pee0模式通作 之其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)。在這糊子卜^ 基地台(BS)係可峨為另_彳_路或崎晴之橋接電路 或路由器。 田個基地台(BS)確實加入特別模式通信之網路時 這個基地台(BS)係視為另—個無線傳輸及接收單; (WTRU) ’並且’通常不會蝴無線驗之流動。舉例來說
^圖係麵捕職式通信之_巾、與無線傳輸及制 早元WTRU) 18及無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru) 2〇進今 無線通信之基地台⑽)54。在這種情況下,這個基地台(BS 並不會控制無線通信之資料流動。 在_赋通信之轉巾,躲通錢常較限於其化 基地。(BS),但是,—個無線傳輪及接收單元⑽则 卻可以經由第三者無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru),輕易紗 另-個無賴献触單元(WTRU)餅鱗通信。舉例 來f如第_所示’在_模式t,當無線傳輸及接收單 兀(WTRU) 22及無線傳輪及接收單元(WTRU) 24同時與 10 ,線傳輸及接料元(WTRU) 26進行無線通辦,無線通 信係^生於無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 22及無線傳輸及 ,收單元(WTRU) 24之間。另外,當-個無線傳輸及接收 :元(WTRU)進行制赋通辦,這個無轉輸及接收 單疋(WTRU) if常會忽略基猶設模式通信之基地台(BS) 傳輸。另外,一個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)亦需要啟 動特別模式通信,藉以使其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 得以加入。當這些無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)加入特別 杈式網路時,其他基地台(BS)亦需要吸收(assimilate)這 些無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之操作參數資訊。 啟動一特別模式通信網路之無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU )係選擇這個特別模式通信網路之操作參數,諸如: 服務集合識別碼(SSID)、頻道、及信標時序,並且,舉例 來說,在信標訊框中傳輸這些參數資訊。當無線傳輸及接收 單元(WTRU)加入特別模式通信網路時,這些無線傳輸及 接收單元(WTRU)便會吸收(assimiiate)對應之操作參數。 在基礎建設模式通信中,參數(諸如:服務集合識別碼 (SSID))通常疋利用連接網路基地台(bs)之一個網路控 制器加以指定。 在一種基於IEEE 802之系統中’這個服務集合識別碼 (SSID)可以是一個32字元之獨特識別碼,附加於一無線區 域網路(WLAN)之傳送封包表頭。隨後,當一無線傳輸及 接收單元(WTRU)嘗試連接一基本服務集合(BSS)或一 獨立基本服務集合(BSS)時’這個服務集合識別碼(SSID) 便可以做為密碼。這個服務集合識別碼(SSID)係足以區別 各個無線區域網路(WLAN) ’藉以使嘗試連接某個特定無線 區域網路(WLAN)之所有基地台(BS)及所有裝置均能夠 使用相同之服務集合識別碼(Ssid)。因此,一裝置將無法 加入某個特定基本服務集合(BSS),除非這個裝置能夠提供 對應之獨特服務集合識別碼(SSID)。 在種基於IEEE 802之系統中,當不止一個無線傳輸及 接收單το (WTRU)逐漸成為部分特別模式通信網路時,則 所有無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)便會將工作隨機分派至 各個無線傳輸及触單元(WTRU),#时擔信標訊框之傳 送負擔。已知,部分演算法,諸如:發言人選舉演算法 (spokesman election algorithm) ’ 係可以指定,藉以"選舉" 某個裝置做為特別模式通信網路之主控基地台(Bs)(亦 即.偽基地台(BS)) ’相對於此,其他裝置則是從屬基地台 (BS)。 然而,開放之特別模式通信網路卻常會出現基本上只能 ,自仃控歡各種問題。舉例來說,當大量紐傳輸及接收 單元(WTRU)擁塞於狹小區域時,相互干擾便會明顯增加, 進而降低所有無線傳輸及接收單元()之總處理能力。 另外i δ’之制献通信之無線裝置群聚於某個熱Η景 2之區域日^,其係經由某個無線區域網路之基地 台(BS)提供服務’所有這雜之祕通信亦會受到妨 礙因為各種無線通信模式均具有頻率、頻道、及可用頻寬 資源之限制。 再者,開放之特別模式網路亦會具有另一個缺點,亦 即:這_放之_赋触網路可齡影響無線區域網路 12 1322600 (WLAN)經營者之商業模型。本案發明人深刻瞭解到,若 點對點(peer_to—peer)模式通信之特別模式通信在沒有總 體控制及監視之情況下開放,則無線區域網路(WLAN)經 營者將會因為無法對無線區域網路(WLAN)之基礎建設進 行收費、但卻仍然必須維持無線區域網路(WLAN)之基礎 建设(即使並非應用於基礎建設模式之無線通信),而造成大 i之營業損失。有鑑於此,本發明之主要目的便是提#一 混合操作模式,其中,點對點(pee卜‘二 可以控制及/或監視。 另外,本·明人練_朗,這觀合猶模式亦 可能會達到其他各種優點。舉例來說,—個行動無線傳輸及 接收單7G (WTRU)將可以前進至信號品質極差之區域,直 中,無線網路通信可能是斷斷續續的,或者,無線網路驗 可能根本不赫在。在這種情況下,本發明之祕傳輸及接 收早兀(WTRU)便可以利用混合操作模式,藉以將無線通 ㈣遞至另-個鱗雜及魏單元(WTRU),其係直接與 某個網路基地台(BS)進行無線通信。 ” 【發明内容】 本發明係包括一: / ,一…裡您用無踝傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) =方法及系統,其可以_具有特別模式通信及 式通信之操作模式。 根據本發明’種無線傳輸及接收單元(资RU)係經 =網路基地台(BS)以在—無_路令進行基礎建模式通 t以及,與其他這類無線傳輸及錄單元(WTRU)進行 點對點(P則〇-peer)模式通信。這種無線傳輸及接收單 13 1322600 το (WTRU)係包括:無線電收發元件,其係架構以選擇性 地操作於一基礎建設通信模式,藉以與一網路基地台(BS) 進行基礎建設模式通信’以及’選擇性地操作於一點對點 (peer—to—peer)通信模式,藉以與其他無線傳輸及接收單 兀(WTRU)進行點對點(peer—t〇_peer)模式通信。這些 無線電收發元件係可以具有一無線區域網路(WLAN)數據 機,藉以與其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)進行點對點 (peer—to—peer)通信。 另外,這種無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)亦包括:一 無線電收發控制n ’其係基於與—網路基地纟(BS)連結之_ 基礎建没模式通信所接收之通信信號,架構以選擇性地控制 該無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)與其他無線傳輸及接=單 7G (WTRU)間之點對點(peer—1〇—peer)模式通信。較佳 者,這個無線電收發控制器係架構以控制上益 件,藉以基於服務品質_準則,切基== 通信及點對點(peer~to—peer)模式通信之間。 較佳者,該無線電收發控制器係利用點對點(peer—抝 — Peer)模式通信選定之預設控制上限加以架構其係可以鲁 基1連結-網路基地台(BS)之基礎建設模式通賴接收之 通仏信號加以支配。另外,該無線電收發控制器選定之點對 點(peer—t0_peer)模式通信之預設控制上限係可以包括: 點對點(peer—to—peer)模式通信之一最大周期,以及,點 對點(peer—to—peer)模式通信之容許資料流量類型之一相 關限制。或者,該無線電收發控制器亦可以架構以基於連结 一網路基地台(BS)之基礎建設模式通信所接收之設定,= 14 制各個= 對點(peel>—tG—pee0模式通信。 、通常’該無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係一行動單元。 並且’該無線電收發控㈣隨後係架構以控繼等無線電收 發元件’藉以基於該行動單元之地理位置之—估計,切換於 基礎建叹通彳5模式及點對點(peeI<_to_p⑽)通信模式之 2。在這種情況下,魅線雜及接收料(WTRU)最好 能夠包括:—全球定位系統(GPS),用以產生該行動單元之 地理位置之該估計。 較佳者’該等無線電收發元件亦可以架構以選擇性地作 用於一傳遞模式’藉以在經由基礎建設通信模式之—網路基 地台及經由點對點(peer_t〇一peer)通信模式之另一益線傳 輸及接收單元(WTRU) _遞-無線通信。在·情況下, 該無線電收發控制器最好係架構以基於服務品質(Q〇s)準 則,控制§玄等無線電收發元件以作用於該傳遞模式。 一無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之各種無線通信方 法,其具有無線電收發元件,架構以選擇性操作於基礎建設 通b模式及點對點(peer—10—peer)通信模式。與其他無線 傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之點對點(peer_t〇—pe:)通信 模式係基於與一網路基地台之基礎建設模式通信接收之通信 信號,進行選擇性地控制。 在一種方法中,選擇預設控制界限係用於點對點(peer — to—peer)通信模式,並且,這些預設值係基於與一網路基 地台之基礎建設通信之接收通信信號進行控制。另外,一點 對點(peer — to-peer)通信之最大周期及點對點(peer_t〇 —peer )通信容許之資料流量類型限制亦可以包括於點對點 15 (peer—to—peer)通信模式之預設控制界限。 另外,一無線區域網路(WLAN)數據機係可以用來與 其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)進行闕點(peer_t〇 —peer)模式通信。較佳者,該無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru) 之無線電收發元件係基於服務品質(QoS)準則,切換於基 礎建u又通彳5模式及點對點(peer—t〇—通信模式之間。 另外’這種方法亦包括:基於該無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru ) 也里位置之估3十,將έ亥等無線電收發元件切換於基礎建 叹通k模式及點對點(peer_t〇_peer)通信模式之間,其中, 該無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係-行解元。在這種情 況了,該無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)最好具有一全球定 位系統(GPS) ’用以產生該行動單元之地理位置之該估計。 另種方法之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)無線電收 發凡件係架構以選擇性地侧於—情模式,藉以在經由基 礎建设通信之一網路基地台及經由點對點(peer—吣) 通,另—無線傳輸及魏單元(WTRU)間傳遞一通信。 在這種例子中,這些無線傳輸及接收單元無線電 收發元件最好能夠控制,藉以基於服務品質(QoS)準則作 用於傳遞模式。 另外,本發明亦提供一種無線網路,其係提供連結多模 式無線傳輸及魏單元(WTRU)之受控無線職,如先前 所述。這個無線網路係包括:至少—基地台(BS),具有一 無線電收發器,其雜作於鮮模式鱗傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)連結之—基礎建設通信模式。另外,這種無線網 路亦具有-㈣H ’錢經由與—無線傳輸及接收單元 1322600 (WTRU)連結之基礎建設模式通信’選擇性地控制控制信 ,之傳輸。較佳者,這個控制器係經由與—無線傳輸及接收 單元(WTRU)連結之基礎建模式通信,選擇性地控制控制 4號之傳輸’藉以基於服務品質(q〇s)準則,切換於基礎 建δ又通彳§模式及點對點(peer_t〇_peer)通信模式之間。 當這些無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)具有預設控制上 限時,這個網路控制器最好係架構以提供支配控制信號,藉 以支配點對點(peer—to—peer)模式通信之選定預設無線傳 輸及接收單元(WTRU)控制上限。當這些無線傳輸及接收 單元(WTRU)具有一無線區域網路(wlan)數據機,藉 以與其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)進行點對點(peer —to—peer)模式通信時’這個網路控制器係架構以經由連結 一無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之基礎建設模式通信,選 擇性地控制控制信號之傳輸,藉以控制這個無線傳輸及接收 單元(WTRU)與其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)間之 點對點(peer—to—peer)模式通信。 當至少部分無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係行動單元 時,這個控制器最好係架構以經由與一行動單元連結之基礎 建設模式通信,選擇性地控制控制信號之傳輸,藉以基於這 個行動單元之地理位置之一估計及/或擁塞狀態之一估計, 控制這個行動單元以切換於基礎建設通信模式及點對點 (peer—to—peer)通信模式之間。在這種情況下,這個網路 可以具有一處理元件’其係基於這個行動單元之傳輸接收, 用以產生这個行動單元之地理位置之一估計。另外,這肚(無 線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)亦可以傳送測試封包,藉以產 17 1322600 生擁塞狀態之一估計。 另外,本發明係提供一種無線網路之無線通信方法。其 中’具有多重模式無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之受控無 線通信係如先前所述地提供。這種方法係包括:由一基礎建設 ,信模式之-晴基地台傳輸控偷號至-無線傳輸及接收 單兀(WTRU ) ’藉以控制這個無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru ) 與其他無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之點對點(peer—抝 -peer)通信。較佳者’這些控制信號係傳送至這個無線傳 輸及接收單it (WTRU),藉喊概務品質(QgS)準則, 切換於基礎建設通信模式及點對點(peer—1〇—pee〇通信模 式間。 ' 選定之預設控制上限係可以用於點對點(peer —1〇 — peer)模式通信。在這種情況下,這些預設控制上限最好係 基於這個網路基地台(BS)之傳輸控制信號加以支配。較佳 者,點對點(peer—to—peer)模式通信之一最大周期,以及, 點對點(peer—to—peer)模式通信之容許資料流量類型之— 相關限制亦可以包含於點對點(peer _ t〇—peer )模式通信之 預設控制上限。 【實施方式】 沾習此發明領域之人士,經由下列說明及所附圖式,當 能夠輕易瞭解本發明之其他目的及優點。 本發明係配所附圖式詳細說明,其中,類似之圖式符號 係表示類似之元件。基地台(BS)、無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)、及行動單元之用語係具有廣泛意義,如先前所 述。本發明係提供一種無線存取網路,其具有單一或複數網 18 1322600 路基地σ (BS),藉以提供無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru) 之無線存取服務。另外’本發明係特別適別於行動單元,亦 即.行動無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRu),當這些行動單元進 入及/或前進至個別基地台所提供之個別地理覆蓋範圍時。 根據本發明,無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係利用一 種點對點(peer—to—peer)通信模式加以架構,並且,最好 是能夠配備無線區域網路(WLAN)數據機,藉以在類似配 備之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)間進行直接之資訊交換。 這些無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係可以具有一整合式或 安裝式之無線區域網路(WLAN)裝置,諸如:IEEE 802 (b) (WiFi)或藍芽相容裝置,藉以在彼此間進行無線通信。然 而,本發明之方法亦可以適用於任何實施點對點(peer—1〇 —Peer)通信模式、並具有至少一網路基地台(bS)之無線 糸統。 舉例來說,請參考第2圖,第一使用者31係利用安裝式 之802.11 (b)無線區域網路(WLAN)卡35,操作第一無線 傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 33,諸如:封包個人電腦類型 (Packet PC —type)之電話裝置。這個無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU) 33係可以經由一基地台25而連接至無線電信網路 27 °這個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 33係經由天線34, 藉以與這個基地台25進行射頻(RF)信號之傳送及接收。這 個封包個人電腦類型(Packet PC_type)之電話裝置33,誠 如典型電話裝置,係包括一電話薄38之資料庫。 另外,如第2圖所示,第二使用者35係利用内建式之掌 上型裝置(其具有内建式802.11 (b)無線區域網路(WLAN) 19 36) ’彳呆作第二無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 37,諸如:行 動電話。這個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) π亦可以經由 天線39傳送及接收之信號,藉以與無線電信網路π進行連 接第-使用者35可能會想要與第一使用者31交談,或者, 可能會想要存取或複製H線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 33之電話_。由於無線傳輸及触單元(资则%、 均具有-個無線區域網路(WLAN)數據機,並且,亦同時 具有一電話網路界面,因此,第一使用者31及第二使用者35 便了以利用802.11 (b)無線網路、或利用這個無線電信網路 27 ’進行彼此間之點對點(peer_t〇—peer)模式通信4〇。因 此’本發明便需要決定欲使用之通信模式類型。 藉由將無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)間之無線通信由 基礎建設模式通信平移至點對點模式通信,這個無線電信網 路27便可以節省大量電信網路資源,進而實現服務容量之增 加。另外,這種方法亦可以具有降低界面及/或節省功率之 優點’其係利用電池功率之行動無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)之重要考量。 根據本發明較佳實施例,決定是否繞過通信網路、並改 採點對點(peer—to—peer)技術之決定可以利用這些無線傳 輸及接收單元(WTRU)決定,但是,亦可以利用這個無線 電信網路決定。另外,這個決定可能會考量各種因素。舉例 來說,一種決定因素係這些無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 及進行通信之網路基地台(BS)間之服務品質(Q〇S)。就這 一點而言,做為決定因素之服務品質(Q〇S)係具有廣泛意 義,並且,可以利用數個準測決定,包括:無線信號品質、 20 1322600 功率消耗、及/或通信成本。 目前,經由行動網路之無線通信可能會大於經由家庭或 辦公室區域網路之無線通信,但是,這類區域網路間亦可能 會具有變動之成本因素。較佳者’本發明之較佳實施例係設 定一個服務品質(QoS)臨界值,藉以在最低成本之無線通 信下,得聽要之無線信號品質。#考量功率消耗時,其係 直接相關於行動無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU )之電池壽命, 想要之無線信號品質,其係做為觸發信號以切換無線通信, 可能會因為相對之成本因素,隨著各個區域網路及特別模式 網路有所;。糾,當—個無轉輸及触單元(wtru) 係做為另一個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)模式通信之中 繼日^ ’這個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之無線電收發控 制器之臨界值亦可以調整,舉例來說,基於可湘電池壽命 及無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)自有通信之目前狀態。 g另外,設定服務品質(QoS)臨界值之另一種準則可能 是無線通信之類型,舉例來說,第—賴者31及第二使用者 35間之語音難,或者,無線傳輸及減單元(wtru) 至無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 37之電話薄f料傳輸。在 。戸刀車又佳貫施例中’基於是否可以利用單一或兩種通信類 型’本發明亦可以設定不同之服務品f CQoS;)臨界值。視 ,遊戲之通信係表示另—種驗_,其服務品質 ,界值可以設定以優先使賴對點(peer·-tG-peer)模式通 信。 在第三代合作計畫(3GPP )系統中,服務資料單元(SDU ) 之大小及優先順麵可以麟其他參數鱗測藉以決定服 21 1322600 務品質(QoS)之決定因素臨界值。另外,其他參數亦可以 包括最大、平均、及支援資料速率;資料延遲;延遲變動; 及封包錯誤。 再者,可以用來決定服務品質(Q〇S)之決定因素臨界 值,藉以切換於點對點(peer — t〇 —peer)技術或基礎建設網 路通信間之另一種可變準則係包括:個別基地台(BS)間之 距離。配備有全較位祕(GPS)之無轉輸及接收單元 (WTRU)將可以&供這類資料。或者,距離資訊亦可以經 由已知之定位技術得到,諸如:到達時間差異(TD〇A)、或 適應性天線技術,其中,至少有一固定點係已知,諸如:基 地台(BS)天線之位置。較佳者,各種準則之組合係加以利 用,其係包括:在可接受數值範圍内,維持無線信號之品質。 再者’可以用來決定服務品質(Qos)之決定因素臨界 值,藉以切換於點對點(peer—1〇—peer)技術或基礎建設網 路通L間之另一種可變準則係包括:單一或複數網路基地台 (BS )服務之特定地理區域之通信流量。特別是,點對點(押從 一to—peer)之信號發送量最好能夠具有上限,藉以避免無線 區域網路(WLAN)之相互干擾。 在特定地理區域之通信流量之決定可以利用無線傳輸 及接收單元(WTRU)傳送小封包至網路基地台(BS)以測 試擁塞狀況,亦即:相互干擾之程度。在特定地理區域内, 點對點(peer—to_peer)模式通信之切換決定可以至少基於 這類測試封包所得到之相互干擾程度。隨後,各個無線傳輸 及接收單元(WTRU)便可以控制點對點(peer_t〇—peer) 模式通彳§之切換,其隶好是基於服務該區域之網路之設定臨 22 1322600 界值。有鑑於此,這個網路便可以利用目前流量負載做為一 種準則,藉以決定切換服務類型之臨界值。當流量負載改變 時,這個網路之設定臨界值亦可能會隨著改變。服務相關地 理區域之網路基地台,隨後,會將這些新臨界值經由大氣界 面廣播至各個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU),藉以提供無線 傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之無線電收發控制器使用。’' 第3圖係表示一種網路環境400之簡單示意圖,其中,一 種混合模式係可以用來延伸網路4〇5之網路基地台4〇6之服務 區域。有鑑於各種障礙,諸如:射頻(RP)不透明牆面4〇8、 房屋409、及/或辦公大樓41卜這個網路基地台(BS) 406 了以利用一光束成形天線4〇7以僅僅服務選定之地理區域 4〇1、403,藉以使這些區域成為經由基地台(BS) 4〇6之網 路基礎建設模式通信之,,熱門景點,,。即使未利用光束成形天 ,407 ’這些區域4(H、4〇3及其他未阻礙區域由於這些干涉 ,礙’亦可能是具有特定服務之可接受無線信號品質之少數 區域。在這綱路魏巾,彳蝴1|;麵域(糾:踏面4〇8 ) 之一個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)4〇2可能益法盥盔 信網路405進行基猶設模式聽,而另-健轉輸辅收 早疋(WTRU) 404,其係與基地台(BS)天線4〇7大約等距 離則可以與無線電k網路4〇5進行基礎建設模式通信。另 外’-個障礙物,諸如··無線傳輸及接收單元(wtru) 及無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)柳間之牆面,亦可能 ^為,別網路模式通信之畴。_ f知系統,無線傳輸及 接收單元(WTRU) 402,當位於第3圖所示之位置時,將無 法與無線傳毅概單元(WTRU) 4_行任健式之無^ 23 1322600 通信。然而’利用本發明之混合模式,無線通信則可以利用 無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 404做為中繼。 由於無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 402並沒有位於與 無線網路405能夠直接進行基礎建設模式通信之地理位置,因 此’當這個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 402想要與無線傳 輸及接收單元(WTRU) 410進行無線通信時,這個無線傳輪 及接收單元(WTRU) 402必須傳送一信標信號以表示與這個 無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 410之識別碼建立特別模式通 信之請求’藉以首先嘗試直接與這個無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU) 410建立特別模式通信。由於障礙牆面408之存在, 這種嘗試,在第3圖之情況下,將會失敗。這種通信失敗可以 利用預定次數之連接失敗來表示。隨後,這個無線傳輸及接 收單兀(WTRU) 402便可以切換至混合模式。根據使用者偏 好,這個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 402可以架構以自動 發生這個切換動作,或者,經由使用者之介入。 根據本發明之較佳實施例,這個無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)4〇2可以傳送—侧冑標信號以表示請求與目前執行 基礎建設模式通信之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)建立連魯 接之參數,以及表示這個無線傳輸及接收單元(Wtru)識 別碼以搜尋通信之一個參數,進而啟動一混合特別模式網 路。”加入”這個混合特別模式網路之無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)將會經由基猶設赋連接,將朗碼參數傳送 至這個無線網路’其接著會嘗試與識別之無線傳輸及接收單 元(WTRU)建立基礎建設模式通信。 在第3圖所示之例子巾’無賴輸及触單元(wtru) 24 1322600 402係與無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 404啟動一混合特別 模式網路’其係經由與基地台406之基礎建設模式通信,將無 線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 410之識別碼傳遞至網路405。 隨後,這個網路405便會利用習知方式,經由基地台或關連網 路,嘗試與識別之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)進行通信, 如習知技術所示。在第3圖所示之例子中,由於無線傳輸及接 收單元(WTRU) 410係位於基地台(bs) 406之熱門景點, 因此,網路405將會發現無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)41〇, 並與無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 410建立基礎建設模式通 信。無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 402及無線傳輸及接收單 元(WTRU) 410間之通信主體係利用無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU) 404做為中繼,同時利用特別模式通信及基礎建設 杈式通信進行傳送,其中,無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 404會視情況需要,在這兩種通信模式間適當地轉換主體通信 貧料之協定及格式。較佳者’絲域合模式通信之所有無 線傳輸及毅單元(WTRU)均會具有適當之觀處理電路, 並且,其操作將會無視於無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之 使用者。 再者’除了組合特職式通信及基礎建設模式通信之混 合模式以外,無線區域 (WALN)之特職式最好能夠 具有某些限制、網路控制、或其組合。本案發明已觀察到, 未受控制之點獅(pee卜tG—pee〇模式通信可能會對轉 區域網路(WLAN)經營者產生貞面影響。另外,未受控制 之特別模錢信亦會對祕安全造成危害諸如:亞音使用 者可能會縣用之#料傳輸充斥於蚊職輯進^影響 25 1322600 通信資源之合法糊。因此’制模式及/或混合特別模式 應具有單一或更多種控制限制。 並且,這類限制並不見得要透過網路控制方式達成,並 且,亦可以程式於無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之特別模 式點對點(peer—to—peer)通信模式之架構中。這類限制之 例=係包括:限娜聰式通信於特定數目之無線傳輸及接 收單元(WTRU)、限制這類通信之最大數目、及限制點對點 (peer—to—peer)模式通信之資料流量類型。另外,想要之 限制最好能夠程式為無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之預設 值,並且,最好能夠允許網路去支配這些預設值。 支配限制預設值係特別模式通信之一種網路控制。或 ^理解式網路控制亦可以實施,藉以要求無線傳輸及接收 單元(WTRU)之特別模式通信之網路許可。當 模式網路之至少-無線傳輸及接收單元(WTR^“= 進行無線通信時,這類網路控制係啟動狀態。較佳者,這類 無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係稱為特別模式網路之”主控 ”無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU),其可以將,,主控,,指定由^ 與控制網路進行通信之啟動無線赌及接收單元工(^tru) 平均至另-個特別模式通信之無線傳輪及接收單元 (WTRU)。隨後’這個”主控”無線傳輸及接收單元(资则 便可以輕易地將特別模式網路之統計資料,諸如:連接長度、 連接無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之朗碼、連接類^•等 等,回報給控制網路。 、 網路控fJ特別模式通信之無線傳輸及接收單元 (WTRU)之優點係,這個網路可以_無線傳輸及接收單 26 1322600 元(WTRU)做為網路負源’進而增加整體之網路通作容量。 另外’當無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)亦與網路進行無線 通信時,這個網路亦可以針對特別模式服務或加強服務進行 追蹤及/或收費。 當網路監視特別模式通信準測(諸如:無線信號品質及 /或無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)分開距離)時,若兩無 線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)係位於網路基地台(Bs)之範 圍内,如第2圖所示,則這個網路亦可以將兩個無線僂 收單元(WTRU)狀雜續職式__至基礎建設 模式通信。當組合網路能力以監視整體通信流量時,這個網 路選擇性切換無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)通信模式之能 力便可以提供一種有效配置網路資源之工具,並且,維持個 別通信之想要無線信號品質。 這^員混合及受控特別模式係特別適用於配備無線傳輸 及接收單元(WTRU)之無線區域網路(wlan),其係利用 IEE曰E802.ll技術以執行點對點(peer—1〇—模式通信, ,是’亦可以利用其他類型點對點(peer—to—peer)模式通 信系統之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)。另外, 路亦可以根_EE說仙標準,架構為·基礎建^模式 存取點基地台(BS)之無線區域網路(WLAN)。然而,本 發明亦可以實施於各種鱗通信網_統,諸如:分時雙工 CTOD)或分頻雙工(FDD)無線電話系统,其中,與網路 ,地台(BS)進行通信之無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)亦 月匕夠執行點對點(peer_t〇_peer)模式通信。 27 【圖式簡單說明】 第1 A圖係表示一種通信系 基礎建設網路操作模式。 統之簡單示意圖 通信系統之簡單示意圖 ,其係操作於一種 ’其係操作於一種 tit表種通信系統之簡單示賴,其係猶於一種允 ^兩個無鱗輸及概單元(WTRU)及— 之混合模式。 ;
^圖係表示-種通信系統之簡單示意圖,其係操作於一種允 精個無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)、-個基地台(BS)、 及各種障礙物之混合模式。 【主要元件符號說明】 16網路基礎建設 18、20、22、24、26、33、37 WTRU 36無線區域網路(wlan) 25、54基地台(BS)
27無線電信網路 31第一使用者 35第二使用者 35無線區域網路(wlAN)卡 34、39天線 38電話薄 40點對點(peer—1〇—peer)模式通信 400網路環境 28 1322600 401、 403地理區域 402、 404、410無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU) 405網路 406網路基地台 407光束成形天線 408射頻(RF)不透明牆面 409房屋 411辦公大樓
29
Claims (1)
1322600 年月日修正替Μ 十、申請專利範圍·· 1. 一種用於無線通信的基地台,該基地台包括: -收發器’ _以選擇性地操作於具有多重模式無線 傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之-基礎建設通信模式;以及 -控制雜崎擇性地控倾—鱗傳輸及接收 單7L (WTRU)之基礎建設通信之控制信號傳輸,藉以控制 該無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)與無無轉輸及接收單 元(WTRU)進行點對點(peer_t〇—peer)模式通信。 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之基地台,其中,該控制器德架 構以提供支配控制信號,藉以支配點對點(peer—1〇—pea) 模式通信之選定預設無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)控制界 限。 3. 如申明專利範圍第〗項所述之基地台,其中,該控制器係架 構以經由與一無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRU)之基礎建設通 信來選擇性地控制控制信號的傳輸,藉以基於服務品質 (QoS)準測,控制該無線傳輸及接收單元(WTRu)以切 換於基礎建設通信模式及點對點(peer—to—peer)通信模 式間。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之基地台,其中,該控制器係架 構以經由與一行動單元之基礎建設通信來選擇性地控制控 制信號傳輸’藉以基於該行動單元之地理位置之一估計,控 制該行動單元以切換於基礎建設通信模式及點對點(%红 30 1322600 邮 1. m- 年月自修正替換頁 —to—peer)通信模式之間。 5.如申請專利範圍第4項所述之基地台,更包括: 一處理元件,基於該行動單元之接收傳輸,產生該行 動單元之地理位置之該估計。 31
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