CN2650433Y - 无线行动单元通信中以位置为基础的行动单元及系统 - Google Patents

无线行动单元通信中以位置为基础的行动单元及系统 Download PDF

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CN2650433Y
CN2650433Y CNU2003201039082U CN200320103908U CN2650433Y CN 2650433 Y CN2650433 Y CN 2650433Y CN U2003201039082 U CNU2003201039082 U CN U2003201039082U CN 200320103908 U CN200320103908 U CN 200320103908U CN 2650433 Y CN2650433 Y CN 2650433Y
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高腾·雷迪
伯拉哈卡·季塔布
利昂德·卡萨凯费许
泰瑞莎·亨克勒
雅提·坎德拉
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
    • G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies

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Abstract

提供一种具有较佳通信使用地理区域的无线网络内的无线行动单元通信用的行动单元及系统。一行动单元的评估的地理位置被决定。此行动单元被提供与相对于该被决定的行动单元评估位置的至少一较佳通信区域相对的位置资料。此行动单元随后基于该相对位置资料被重新配置于一较佳通信区域。较佳者，预先指派的较佳通信区域位置的请求由一行动单元传输激活并由一网络基站接收。该行动单元可配备一全球定位系统(GPS)以决定该行动单元的评估位置。评估位置资料的传输可基于该行动单元或该网络是否计算相对位置资料而定。

Description

无线行动单元通信中以位置为基础的行动单元及系统
技术领域
此申请案是关于无线行动通信，尤其是关于此种具有被指定的较佳通信使用的地理区域的系统，有时称为热点(hot spot)。
背景技术
无线通信系统在本领域中已为人所熟知。通常，此种系统包括互相传输及接收无线通信信号的通信站。通常提供能够与复数用户站，一般被称为无线传输/接收单元(WTRUs)，其包括行动单元，进行无线同时通信的基站。一般而言，此处所使用的基站包括，但不限于，一基站，点B，位置控制器，存取点，或其它在无线环境中提供对与的相关的网络的无线存取的接口装置。此处所使用的WTRU一词包括，但不限于，使用者设备，行动站，固定或行动用户单元，呼叫器，或其它能够在无线环境中运作的型态的装置。
WTRUs包括个人通信装置，例如电话，视讯电话以及具有网络连接的网络电话。此外，WTRUs包括可携式个人计算机装置，例如具有类似网络能力的无线调制/解调器的PDAs以及笔记型计算机。
可携式或可警示位置的WTRUs被称为行动单元。对行动单元而言，维持电池寿命通常是在设计行动单元及于其中运作的通信网路时一个重要的考虑。有许多方式达成降低行动单元内功率消耗。例如，增加在一地理区域内的连接基站的数目可以转变为行动单元所需的降低的功率。
图1表示在无线局域网络(WLAN)106内的一行动单元104，其中一基站102位于WLAN 106的中央。当移动单元104从基站102移动时，WTRU 104及基站102必须增加功率以确保在它们的无线通信中的相同服务品质(QoS)。
图1B表示一WLAN 112，一移动单元107以及9个基站101，108，105，109，111，113，115以及117。基站的密度集中降低从行动站107至每一基站的距离。这允许行动单元及基站使用较少的传输功率，因为较短的距离。此种基站密度集中由于传输距离而降低功率需求，但增加干扰成本。干扰的增加可能需要行动站及基站增加传输功率，因此抵消功率保存及附加的电持寿命维护。
系统可藉由决定每一行动单元的位置并聚集一基站的天线波束形态在每一行动单元方向而降低干扰。将一天线的波束形态集中称为一种波束形成(beam forming)。
图2a-2c说明在使用波束形成的系统中的天线幅射形态，如由本案受让人所有的美国第10/305,595号专利申请案。图2a说明具有天线形态12的基站10，该天线形态基于行动站的相对位置集中射频能量至/来自一行动单元UE1。
波束形成可以有选择地被使用在具有基于，例如位置及相对干扰因素，的多波束或单一波束的多重无线同时通信的服务中。图2a，2b说明基于不同的行动单元相对位置，集中射频能量至及自行动站UE2及UE3的二种不同的基站10的方式。
为使用波束形成，行动单元的位置必须先被决定。位置决定可以藉由任何多种已知方法达成。例如，行动单元可以使用内建的全球定位系统(GPS)接收器并回报其位置给网络的方式而决定其本身位置。网络也可使用AOA(Angle ofArrival，抵达角度)，TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival，抵达时差)，或都卜勒技术(Doppler technology)决定一行动单元的位置。也可使用混合方法，其中网络协助一行动站决定其本身的位置。通常，每一种方法产生具有评估误差的相关幅度的相对行动单元的评估。
有许多方式让服务提供者可以提供并控制网络存取。例如，具有一或更多WLAN存取点的流行无线局域网络协议可建立在IEEE801.11B标准上。在某些此种网络中，被选择的WLAN服务可在相当小，定义良好的地理区域内被提供，已知为「热点(hot spot)」。这些区域允许使用者与它们的行动单元「联机(on-line)」并存取一无线网络的能力。
「热点」 WLAN通信系统可有益地被设置在许多位置，例如机场，咖啡店以及图书馆。对这些网络的存取通常经由使用者授权程序达成。因为IEEE802标准的家族总是在发展，此种程序并未完全地在WLAN技术领域中标准化。
申请人已意识到以「热点」通信的问题，其中使用者可能遭遇寻找热点通讯区域所在位置的麻烦，且尤其是使用者应该在实体上被定位以获得WLAN中最好的QoS。
发明内容
本实用新型提供一种具有被指定地理区域，或为较佳通信使用的无线网络中的无线行动单元通信用的行动单元及系统。在某些应用中，特定区域被预设为「热点」。或者是，一较佳通信区域可以相对于讯号品质或其它现行与行动单元的现行通信的通信参数而被决定。
较佳者，热点区域的要求是由一行动单元传输所激活并由一网络基站接收。其中该行动单元配备有一全球定位系统(GPS)，该行动单元的评估位置是由使用该行动单元的全球定位系统(GPS)而决定。该行动单元要求传输随可包括目前行动单元评估位置资料，而网络基站传输由网络基于目前行动单元评估位置资料所决定的行动单元相对位置资料给该行动单元。较佳者，由网络基站传送给行动单元的相对位置资料由网络基于目前行动单元评估位置资料及热点区域使用动态数据，例如目前被执行的无线通信数目，而决定。
另一种方式是，目前行动单元评估位置是由无线网络决定。位置评估使用习知的关于由一或更多网络基站所接收的行动单元传输的实体特性的资料分析而导出。基站内的一者随后传输全部由网络决定的相对位置资料给行动单元。由基站传送给行动站的相对位置资料可以由网络基于目前行动站评估位资料以及网络使用的动态资料决定。因此，相对位置资料可以对应一预定的热点区域或仅是网络决定将提供改善的无线连接给行动单元的区域。
其中该行动单元配置一全球定位系统(GPS)，该行动单元不需要传输一评估的位置给网络。一网络基站可以传输由该基站服务的所有预先指定的热点区域的地理位置资料给行动单元。该行动单元对热点的相对位置随后可以经由GPS而被决定。
网络允许与网络基站直接的行动单元无线通信，并且在行动单元之间点对点(peer-to-peer)通信。由一行动单元所开启的由一网络基站接收的要求随后经由位于由该基站服务的一热点的一不同的行动单元传递。
此网络可以被设计为监视评估的位置并周期地传输相对的较佳通信区域位置资料给行动站。较佳者，此种资料基于目前行动单元评估位置资料及行动单元的讯号及/或网络使用的动态资料而被网络决定。此网络可以决定较佳通信区域的阶层式的优先次序并传输相对的位置资料一最好较佳通信区域或一串阶层优先次序给行动单元。
地理热点区域最好是由一网络数据库中个别的地理坐标组所定义。一或更多资料组随后有选择性地从一网络基站被传输以提供该行动单元相对的位置资料。
此种无线网络中的通信最好具有一传输器，接收器及使用者输出装置。传输器是用以激活较佳通信区域位置用的要求。接收器是用以接收对应由该网络服务的至少一较佳通信资料的地理位置资料。使用者输出装置警示由该网络服务的至少一较佳通信区域的相对位置的一行动单元使用者至由该网络所评估或由该行动单元基于该行动单元如何配置而决定的行动单元评估位置。
该行动单元可被设计用于无线通信或更多无线网络，包括但不限于，无线局域网络(WLANs)所用，分时双工(TDD)电信通信系统及/或分频双工(FDD)电信通信系统。因此，行动单元的传输器及接收器是用以使将利用的特定系统所用的协议。
此行动单元可配置决定行动单元的评估位置的全球定位系统(GPS)。于此种情况中，传输器可以藉由传输包括目前行动单元评估位置资料的一讯号而传输一较佳通信位置，而行动单元接收器是用来接收相对位置资料形式的对应由网络基于传输的行动单元评估位置资料而决定的至少一较佳通信区域的地理位置资料。
或者是，行动单元位置不被配置GPS的行动单元传输至网络。行动单元的GPS是用来基于响应传输要求而被接收的地理位置资料计算对应较佳通信区域的相对位置资料，该要求是对应由该网络服务的至少一较佳通信区域。
该行动单元可被设计为直接和网络基站通信以及和其它行动单元点对点直接通信。在此种情况中，此行动单元接收器最好也被设计为接收对一传输经由其它行动单元在与网络基站直接通信中所传递的要求的响应。
此行动单元可被设计为具有地图显示以便在视觉上显示与评估的行动单元位置相关的较佳通信区域。此使用者输出装置可包括一功率使用指示器，其于行动单位在实体上位于一功率消耗相当高的区域中时被驱动。此种指示器可被用来以手动或自动触发一个功率消耗该更低的较佳通信区域的相对位置的要求。
本实用新型其它目标及优点从以下详细描述及相关图式对本技艺的人士而言将更明显。
附图说明
图1a说明无线局域网络(WLAN)中的行动单元。
图1b说明具有多重基站的WLAN。
图2a-2c是波束形成系统中一天线幅射范例图。
图3是说明二行动单元，一基站，以及不同障碍物的方块图，于其中有益地使用本实用新型。
具体实施方式
本实用新型是参照图式而被描述，其中相同的标号始终代表相同的组件。基站WTRU，以及行动站等词是用于如以上所描述的通用的情况。本实用新型提供一种无线射频存取网络，具有一或更多网络化的基站，经由该等基站提供无线服务给行动单元，例如行动WTRUs，当他们进入及/或移动经过由个别基站所提供的地理覆盖区域的个别区域时。为简化的故，本实用新型部份地被描述为应用在具有基站，亦即存取点，被建立在IEEE 802.11B标准的无线局域网络(WLAN)。较佳者，此WLAN具有称为热点的预先设计的较佳通信使用的地理区域。此种网络可被设计为由行动单元直接存取网络或也允许点对点直接通信，有时称为hoc通信。然而，所提出的发明可应用于任何可由行动单元存取的无线系统。例如，以热点区域取代或除了热点区域的外，一较佳通信区域可相对于讯号品质或其它与一行动单元进行中的一另一通信参数而被决定。
参照图3，说明具有行动单元402，404以及具有至少一基站406的WLAN405的无线通信环境400。行动单元402，404较好是配备一全球定位系统(GPS)以使它们能够决定其本身的地理位置。
基站经由一相关的天线系统407提供被选择地理区域中的网络存取。不同的障碍，例如墙408，房屋409及/或办公建筑411可能限制由基站所提供的服务品质QoS。虽然阻挡的区域能够由基站406服务，但所需的功率消耗通常大于未被阻挡区域，例如区域401及403。未被阻挡区域可有益地被指定为对此等区域内的行动单元的支持通信或加强通信服务用的较佳区域。
如果行动单元402不包含GPS或未被设计为决定其本身的位置，WLAN 405决定行定动单元的评估位置，例如藉由使用不同前述三角测量法或都卜勒技术。WLAN 405，例如，决定行动单元402相对于基站406天线407的相对位置并传输位置信息资料至行动单元402以协助移动行动单元402至热点区域401及403。
热点服务可藉由使用选择服务用的波束形成而被提供。例如，由基站天线接收及传输的通信波束可被用以覆盖热点区域，因此通信功率临界不被一个试图使用热点区域外部的所选择服务的行动单元遇见，即使在基站天线的通信半径内。另外的方式，或者，在与波束形结合中，基站可被设计为仅提供一行动单元用的加强的通信，当经由相对地理资料评估后决定此行动实体上是位于热点区域中时。
此基站可被设计为提供一预定通信半径内的服务，但仅提供一行动单元用的加强的通信，当该行动单元位于热点区域中时。例如，基本呼叫服务可为了来自基站406的天线407的360度半径而被提供，但数据传输，声音及/或网际网络服务可仅在热点区域401及403中提供。在此例中，行动单元402可于其说明的区域内被呼叫，但不需要重新位于热点区域401或403以执行由热点无线通信系统406支持的通信型态。
另一种情况，基站可提供预定通信半径内的服务，但警示一行动单元，当该行动单元实体上未处于功率消耗相对高的一热点区域中时。例如，所有服务可为来自基站406的天线407的360度半径而被提供，但更多能量效率服务可在热点401及403中被提供。于此种实例中，行动单元402可在其所示的位置中接收一警示，但不接收此种警示，如果其重新位于热点区域401或403。
网络405较好是维持与每一基站406服务的热点相关的资料，该资料包括相关的地理覆盖区域资料，其可取得基于最近通信历史的位置对处理量的动态表。此资料随后可被用来与行动单元地里数据链路以提供重新定位资料至一行动单元以让使用者能够重新定位置使用加强服务用的一热点区域。
WLAN 405可被设计为接收并响应热点位置要求。例如，基站406是用以提供热点区域401，403的外至少某些通信服务，行动单元402传输一要求以存取仅存在于一热点区域中的服务。其中该要求包括行动单元位置资料，或网络可以决定要求行动单元位置的评估，此网络405随后以一或更多接近使用者位置的热点区域的资料组回复。使用者随后可移动至这些区域中的一个区域以存取及/或达成较佳的服务品质(QoS)。
网络405在那些热点是位于要求的行动单元的预定临界距离中的决定上可以提供给行动单元402的信息为基础。选择的标准可以动态地以对直接行动单元对较少使用的热点的网络使用为基础，藉由不提供在要求的时间进行较多通信流量的热点的区域资料，或藉由基于最佳的可用QoS而列出位置。例如，参照图3，仅由或首先由热点区域403追随的热点区域401可对行动单元402辩认，其中行动单元404正在热点区域403内进行通信，且没有正在热点区域401中进行的现行通信。
做为指定行动单元要求的另一选择，WLAN 405可以监视行动单元位置并自动地，不需要使用者激活的介入，通知使用者移动至一不同的位置以达成更有效率的数据处理量。这可被用以维护一进行中的通信，当通知使用者一加强的服务区域或一更有能量效率位置已存在的时候。例如，由WLAN 405进行的对行动单元402的监视随后被用以提供行动单元402实时更新射频覆盖信息，当行动单元402穿过基站406的WLAN覆盖区域时。
行动单元可被设计为具有含显示地图功能，例如已知的GPS系统所具备者，的显示器。在此情况中，在WLAN 405的后，例如，决定行动单元402的位置系统405下载包含热点坐标的地图信息以便在行动单元402显示为地图影像。例如，下载的信息可包含与热点区域401及403相关的坐标信息，以整个地图的形式或，如果行动单元具有一般内建于地图在行动单元上作为坐标定义区域的地图信息。
热点区域，例如区域401及403可在来自一网络的较早下载中，在网络指引的中的公告中被提供，或从经过由WLAN 405的基站406服务的无线覆盖区域的先前逗留归纳决定。其中此种外部或先前储存的资料被指示给特定的WLAN405，WLAN 405可以传递识别信息至行动单元402，通知它已位于WLAN的服务区域中且该行动单元随后可决定至热点区域的一路径及/或方向而不需要额外信息。
其中WLAN被设计为仅提供实体位于热点区域内的行动单元用的服务，例如外部或先前储存的可让行动单元使用且可被行动单元使用以寻找服务区域位置的资源。例如，无线服务可仅在热点区域401，403中提供。在此种情况中，行动单元402将需要重新定位至热点区域401，403以进行由热点无线通信系统405所提供的其它型态的通信。
为重新定位，行动单元可以使用外部或先前储存的信息，如果有的话。或者是，WLAN被设计用于经过热点的网络存及行动单元之间的ad hc点对点通信，热点位置要求可直接对WLAN进行。例如，行动单元402可以传递热点位置信息的要求给位于热点区域408内的行动单元404，其接着传递此要求给WLAN 405，其接着经由行动单元404传输重新定位信息给行动单元402。
较佳者，热点服务区域信息被储存于WLAN 405的数据库中，并且被经常性地更新。动态QoS信息可基于流量及其它参数，尤其是关于射频干扰的因素，被用以维持热点比例。服务区域信息可使用网络天线407幅射形态被计算导出及/或使用历史行动讯号品质回馈信息随时间而被对应。
虽然波束形成可以，在某些情况中最好被用以定义热点区域，不像典型的基于行动单元位置直接引导波束的波束形成系统，本实用新型的无线通信系统通常需要行动单元重新定位其本身至形成波束被引导的热点区域。其中波束形成是用以服务一定义的热点区域，该波束可被调整以考虑热点区域中的真实流量。例如，一经由天线407来自基站406的波束可能不会在任何特定时间点确实覆盖热点区域401，403的整个区域，而是在热点区域内提供服务时被调整以提供更多最佳的输入输出处理量。很可能地，对于图3所示的极为受限的情况中，一波束可被导引至仅覆盖热点区域403的一部份以服务行动单元404，而不需要任合未被占用的热点区域403的覆盖。但是，在此种情况中，WLAN较好是配置某些省态的整个热点区域的监视，因此当一行动单元进入一热点区域或于位于其中时，一适当的波束被提供。

Claims (10)

1.一种于具有预定为较佳通信使用的地理区域的无线网络内通信用的行动单元，包括：
一传输器，当该行动单元未处于该网络的一热点区域内时，其是用以激活一预定较佳通信区域位置的要求；
一接收器，耦合至该传输器并用以接收对应至少一由该网络服务的预定较佳通信区域的地理位置资料；以及
一使用者输出装置耦合至该接收器，用以警示由该网络服务的至少一预定较佳通信区域的相对位置的一行动单元至一决定的行动单元评估的位置。
2.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，更包括一全球定位系统，用以决定该行动单元的一评估的位置，其中该传输器是用以藉由传输包括目前行动单元评估位置资料的讯号而传输该预定的较佳通信位置要求，且其中该行动单元接收器是用以接收对应至少一预定较佳通信位置区域的地理位置资料，并是以该网络基于该被传输行动单元评估位置资料决定的相对位置资料的形式。
3.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，其中该行动单元接收器是用以于该网络所决定的相对位置资料形式接收对应至少一预定较佳通信位置区域的地理位置资料，并是基于由关于行动单元要求传输的实体特性的无线网络分析资料决定的一行动单元评估的位置。
4.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，更包括一全球定位系统，用以决定该行动单元的一评估位置，并基于响应一传输要求而被接收的对应由该网络服务的至少一预定通信区域的地理位置资料计算相对位置资料。
5.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，其中该行动单元是用于与基站的直接通信并且也与其它行动通信单元点对点无线通信，且其中该行动单元接收器也用以经由一中继器接收来自与一网络基站直接通信中的另一行动单元接收对一被传输要求的响应。
6.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，更包括一地图显示器用以视觉地显示与该评估的行动单元位置相关的预定较佳通信区域。
7.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，其中该行动单元是用于无线局域网络中的无线通信。
8.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，其中该行动单元是用于分时双工电信系统中的无线通信。
9.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，其中该行动单元是用于分频双工电信系统中的无线通信。
10.如权利要求1所述的行动单元，其中用以警示一相对位置行动单元使用器的使用者输出装置包括一功率使用指示器，其于该行动单元未实质地处于一预定较佳通信区域且其中功率消耗较高时被驱动。
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