TWI314158B - Method for marking hydrocarbons with anthraquinones - Google Patents
Method for marking hydrocarbons with anthraquinones Download PDFInfo
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- TWI314158B TWI314158B TW091135683A TW91135683A TWI314158B TW I314158 B TWI314158 B TW I314158B TW 091135683 A TW091135683 A TW 091135683A TW 91135683 A TW91135683 A TW 91135683A TW I314158 B TWI314158 B TW I314158B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/223—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond having at least one amino group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/003—Marking, e.g. coloration by addition of pigments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B1/00—Dyes with anthracene nucleus not condensed with any other ring
- C09B1/16—Amino-anthraquinones
- C09B1/20—Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthracene nucleus
- C09B1/26—Dyes with amino groups substituted by hydrocarbon radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B5/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings
- C09B5/24—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings the heterocyclic rings being only condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position
- C09B5/44—Azines of the anthracene series
- C09B5/46—Para-diazines
- C09B5/48—Bis-anthraquinonediazines (indanthrone)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/13—Tracers or tags
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
(i) 1314158 玖、發明說明 技術領域 本發明通常係關於以蒽醌化合物標示石油烴類之方法 以便隨後鑑別。 先前技術 美國專利第4,755,012號中揭示:包含1,4,5,8-四(芳胺基) 蒽醌之光線吸收濾波器。然而,此參考文獻並未建議用以 標示石油煙之方法。 熟知使用具有大於700 nm最大吸收帶之酞花青染料作 為石油標記,但是此等物質具有缺點:包括難以製備和高 成本。經由本發明所解決之問題是尋求以具有大於700 nm 最大吸收帶之化合物用以標示石油烴類之改良方法。 發明内容 本發明係關於隱形標示液體石油烴之方法。該方法包括 添加係由下列各化合物組成之群中選出之至少一種染料 至液體石油烴中:1,4,5,8-四取代之蒽醌及蒽醌二聚物。(各) 染料的最大吸收帶是在自710 nm至850 nm之範圍内。 實施方式 除非在其他情況指明,所有百分數是重量百分數。以百 萬分之幾(“ppm”)所示之濃度係以重量/體積為基礎予以 計算。術語“石油烴”係述及具有主要烴類組成之產物其係 由石油(較佳潤滑油)、剎車流體、液壓流體、汽油、柴油、 煤油、喷射機燃油和加熱油所衍生。“烷基”基因是具有以 直線、支鏈或環狀排列之自1至2 0個碳原子之烴基基團。
1314158 (2) 烷基基囷視需要具有一或數個雙键或三鍵。容許一或數個 齒代、幾基或烷氧基基團取代在烷基基團上;烷氧基基團 可順次經由—或數個卣代取代基所取代。較佳,烷基基圏 不具有由代或烷氧基取代基。“雜烷基,,基團是具有至少_ 個碳經由0,NR或S (其中R是氫、烷基、芳基或芳烷基) 所取代之燒基基團。“芳基,,基團是自芳族烴化合物所衍生 之一個取代基。芳基基團具有總數自6至20個環上原子, 炎具有係分開或稠合之一個或數個環。“芳烷基,’基團是一 個“芳基”基團所取代之“烷基”基團。“雜環,,基團是自具有 自5至20個環上原子之雜環化合物所衍生之取代基,其至 少一者是氮、氧或硫。雜環基團較佳不含硫。容許一或數 個齒代、氰基、羥基、烷基、雜烷基或烷氧基基圏取代在 芳基成雜環基團上,而經由一或數個由代基團取代在燒 基、雜烷基或垸氧基基團上係屬可能。芳基和雜環基圏較 隹不含鹵素原子。“芳族雜環”基團是自芳族雜環化合物所 衍生之雜環基團。 本發明的較佳具體實施例中’將具有式(I)之1,4,5,8•四 取代之蒽醌添加至石油烴。
式⑴中,X是R4NH、、OH或自代;而Rl、R2、艮3和r4 (3) 1314158
獨立是燒基、芳基、芳垸基、雜燒基或雜環。較佳,至少 兩個是芳基或芳族雜環。更佳,xw及 至少三個的^^^和^是芳基或芳族雜^更佳^斤 有的R1、R2、R3和R4是芳基。 本發明之另外較佳具體實施例中,將係蒽醌二聚物之一 種染料加至石油烴中。蒽醌二聚物包括:(i)下列所示之 具有自 7H) nm至 850 n_ 入_之 6,15_二氯 _5,9,14,18_[井四 酮之經取代衍生物,
0
亦以商業名稱“陰丹士林”而熟知;及(Π)具有延伸之共軛 和又„»^自710至850 nm之莕醌的其他稠合二聚物。該蒽醌二 聚物較佳是式(II)的經取代之6,15-二氫-5,9,14,18-蒽啡四 酮0
⑻ -8 - 1314158 (4)
式(Π)中,R1、R2、R3和R4獨立是氫、烷基、雜烷基或烷胺 基;R5是氫、烷基、雜烷基、烷胺基、芳胺基或芳族-雜 環-胺基;而R是氫、烷基、芳烷基或芳族-雜環胺基;其 限制條件為:R和R5之一是芳胺基或芳族-雜環-胺基。R1、 R2、R3和R4較佳是氫。 在一較佳具體實施例中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是氫而R 是芳胺基。較佳,R是一個氫鍵給予體芳胺基基團、例如 苯(基)胺基。最佳,R是苯(基)胺基,以致使該化合物是 式(III)。
(ΠΙ) 此化合物具有790 11111之Amax。 在另外較佳具體實施例中,R、R1、R2、R3和R4是氫; 而R5是苯(基)胺基,以致使該化合物具有式(IV)。 1314158 (5) ΝΗ Ο
α 此化合物是6,15-二氫-8,17-雙(苯(基)胺基)-5,9,14,18-蒽畊四 酮,商業上以C.I.還原染料綠6及蒽醌還原染料綠RC之商 業名稱市售。 較佳,經添加至石油烴之每種染料的數量是至少0.01 ppm、更佳至少0.02 ppm而最佳至少0.03 ppm。每種染料之 數量較佳係少於10 ppm,更佳少於2 ppm而最佳少於1 ppm。較佳,該項標示是不可見,即:經由簡單目視觀察 所標示之烴類不能偵檢染料。經使用於本發明方法中之染 料具有範圍自720 nm至850 nm中之最大吸收帶,更佳自720 nm至810 nm而最佳自730 nm至800 nm。較佳,將具有不同 波長之最大吸收帶之至少兩種染料添加至石油烴。較佳, 將染料經由暴露已標示之烴至電磁輻射(其具有含有染料 的最大吸收之該部份光譜中之波長)及檢測光的吸收予以 檢測。最好:該檢測設備能計算染料濃度和經標示之烴類 中濃度比率。當染料以至少0.01 ppm之含量存在時,該項 -10-
1314158 技藝中所熟知之一般分光光度計能檢測本發明方法中所 使用之染料。最好使用美國專利案5,225,679號中所述之檢 測器,特別是由賓州’費城Rohm & Haas公司市售之SpeC TraceTM分析儀。此等分析儀使用以染料的吸收光譜為基準 所選擇之濾波器,並使用經由多重線性回歸分析方法來進 行信號的化學計分析而降低信號對雜訊比。
當該檢測方法不包括實施任何化學處理經標承之炫 時’則在試驗後,可將樣品回送至其來源處,不必須處理 和處置危險化學品。舉例而言,當染料簡單經由利用經標 示烴的一種樣品測量光吸收予以檢測時就是此種情沉。
本發明的一具體實施例中,將染料調配入一種溶劑中來 便利其添加至液體烴。適合四取代之蒽醌的較佳溶劑是 N-甲基吡咯烷酮、ν,Ν·二甲基伸丙基脲 '硝基苯、甲苯、 和Ν,Ν-二甲基甲醯胺。較佳,染料係以自0」%至10%之濃 度存在於溶劑中。 f例 實例1 :合成1,4,5,8-四(苯(基)胺基)蒽醌 將10.87克之1,4,5,8-四氯惠酿、50克之苯胺、13.4克之乙 酸钾、1.24克之硫酸銅和3.41克之苄醇的混合物在氮氣下 加熱至130°C並維持在此溫度歷6.5小時,接著在170°C下另 外維持歷6小時。將反應混合物冷卻至周圍溫度並濾出沉 澱而產生黑色固體粒子。將粗產物自甲苯中再結晶產生 6.0克之深綠色結晶物質(>95%純度具有經由質子NMR所 證實之結構係所需要之產物:1,4,5,8-四(苯胺基)蒽醌。此 • 11 -
Claims (1)
- Γ第91 1 3 5 6 8 3號專利申請案 申請專利範圍修正本 (94年11月21曰) 種用於I5急形標示液體石油烴之方法,該方法包括添加 係由下列各化合物組成之群中選出之至少一種染料至液 體石油煙中:式⑴之Μ,5,8-四取代蒽醌及式(n)t¥J昆 二聚物;其中X是R4NH、NH2、0H或鹵基;而R]、r2、R3 和R4獨立地是烷基、芳基、芳烷基、雜烷基或雜環;其中R1、R2、R3和R4獨立地是氫、烷基、雜烷基 或烧胺基,R5是氮、炫·基、雜炫》基、炫胺基、芳胺基或 芳紅-雜環-胺基;而R是氫、烧基 '芳胺基或芳族-雜環 (修正本)92962L 1314158 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 2基,其限制條件為:尺和R5之至少-者是芳胺基或 芳族-雜環-胺基; 其中該至少—種染料具有範圍自710nms 850 nm 之最大吸收帶’且各染料係以少於2ppm之量存在。 士申1專利乾圍第}項之方法,其中,該液體石油烴係 2列各物组成之群中選出:潤滑油、刹車流體、液塵 豆/飞油、柴油燃料、煤油、喷射機燃油和加熱油。 申月專利乾圍第1或2項之方法,其中之染料為式⑴ 之3 M,54,8·四取代之㈣,其中,乂是R4NH、而RW、 R和R的至少三個是芳基或芳族雜環;該染料係不需 實施任何化學處理液體石油烴予以檢測。 如申請專利範圍第1或 _ 乂項之方法,其中之染料為式(II) ”二聚物,其中’R、RI、R2、R、RHR5 “ p玄木料'不需實施任何化學處理液體石油烴 予以檢測。 如申請專利範圍第3 万’其中該液體石油烴係由 下列各物組成之群中選屮· 、出閏&油、剎車流體及液壓流 體。 如申請專利範圍第5項之方 、Ά 在’其中該液體石油烴係潤 滑油。 如申請專利範圍第6項之 、„ 1 去’其中該染料係藉由測量 潤h油樣本之光吸收而檢 (修正本)92962.L 7.
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US34263801P | 2001-12-20 | 2001-12-20 |
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TWI314158B true TWI314158B (en) | 2009-09-01 |
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US (1) | US6811575B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1323811B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3806083B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100952633B1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0205200A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60226567D1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI314158B (zh) |
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-
2002
- 2002-12-03 US US10/308,618 patent/US6811575B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-10 TW TW091135683A patent/TWI314158B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-10 KR KR1020020078084A patent/KR100952633B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-12-11 DE DE60226567T patent/DE60226567D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-11 EP EP02258542A patent/EP1323811B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-19 BR BR0205200-8A patent/BR0205200A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-20 JP JP2002369583A patent/JP3806083B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60226567D1 (de) | 2008-06-26 |
TW200307020A (en) | 2003-12-01 |
EP1323811A3 (en) | 2003-12-03 |
KR20030052983A (ko) | 2003-06-27 |
KR100952633B1 (ko) | 2010-04-13 |
EP1323811B1 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
EP1323811A2 (en) | 2003-07-02 |
JP2003213278A (ja) | 2003-07-30 |
JP3806083B2 (ja) | 2006-08-09 |
BR0205200A (pt) | 2004-07-20 |
US6811575B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
US20030126694A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
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