TW541351B - Method of depositing transition metal nitride thin films - Google Patents
Method of depositing transition metal nitride thin films Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW541351B TW541351B TW089121352A TW89121352A TW541351B TW 541351 B TW541351 B TW 541351B TW 089121352 A TW089121352 A TW 089121352A TW 89121352 A TW89121352 A TW 89121352A TW 541351 B TW541351 B TW 541351B
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- patent application
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- tungsten
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- -1 transition metal nitride Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical class B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine Substances NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-methylamine Natural products NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical group CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CMUBZTZNXGBJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[N] Chemical compound F[N] CMUBZTZNXGBJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.ON WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BIVUUOPIAYRCAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoazanium;chloride Chemical group Cl.NN BIVUUOPIAYRCAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- BGECDVWSWDRFSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borazine Chemical compound B1NBNBN1 BGECDVWSWDRFSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- GXMZHFAZTNJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopentane;dichlorotungsten Chemical compound Cl[W]Cl.[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1 GXMZHFAZTNJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- SGLVSFQJGWNNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane;tungsten Chemical compound [W].[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1 SGLVSFQJGWNNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FYEMRDDWDRLEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(C=CC=C1)[W] Chemical compound C1(C=CC=C1)[W] FYEMRDDWDRLEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium fluoride Chemical group [NH4+].[F-] LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical group [W].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- MIHRVCSSMAGKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M n-ethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCNC([S-])=S MIHRVCSSMAGKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 53
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexafluoride Chemical compound F[W](F)(F)(F)(F)F NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003877 atomic layer epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015421 Mo2N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004014 SiF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVJORGWKNPGCDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoboron Chemical compound N[B] TVJORGWKNPGCDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000277 atomic layer chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-BJUDXGSMSA-N borane Chemical class [10BH3] UORVGPXVDQYIDP-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUINSXZKUKVTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen azide Chemical compound N=[N+]=[N-] JUINSXZKUKVTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011364 vaporized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/38—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/32—Carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4401—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45531—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations specially adapted for making ternary or higher compositions
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45534—Use of auxiliary reactants other than used for contributing to the composition of the main film, e.g. catalysts, activators or scavengers
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- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/36—Carbides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
- H01L21/28562—Selective deposition
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76853—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers characterized by particular after-treatment steps
- H01L21/76855—After-treatment introducing at least one additional element into the layer
- H01L21/76856—After-treatment introducing at least one additional element into the layer by treatment in plasmas or gaseous environments, e.g. nitriding a refractory metal liner
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Description
541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ___B7五、發明説明(1 ) 發明範圍 本發明係關於金屬氮化物薄膜。特別地,本發明係關 於一種藉原子層沉積法(下文中稱爲A L D )使氮化鎢薄 膜生長的方法。 相關技術之描述 積體電路中之組件的積體程度提高,此迅速帶動降低 組件尺寸和內部通路之尺寸的需求。設計規格設定的尺寸 是S 0 · 2微米。難以得到覆蓋深底部和通道之完整的膜 〇 積體電路所含的內部通路通常製自鋁或銅。特定言之 ,銅易於擴散至環繞的材料。擴散影響電路的電力性質, 活性組件的功能會不正常。以導電性擴散屏障層防止金屬 自內部通路擴散進入裝置的活性組件中。較佳的擴散屏障 是,如··非晶狀過渡金屬氮化物,如:T i N、T a N和 W N。因爲氮位於晶格的間隙位置,所以此氮化物可以不 符合化學計量。 化學蒸鍍法(下文中稱爲CVD)中,來源材料基本 上一起引至反應空間中,它們在與底質接觸時彼此反應。 也可以將一種含所有所欲反應物種的來源材料引至C V D 反應器中,並加熱至其熱分解溫度。受熱氣體與底質表面 接觸時,發生裂解反應且膜生長。由前述討論可以知道, 在C V D中,反應空間中的不同來源材料濃度決定膜之生 長。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(21〇、〆297公釐) -4- 541351 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(2 ) 原子層沉積法(ALD)和原子層磊晶法(ALE) 是先進的C V D法。在討論多晶狀和非晶狀薄膜時,方法 的名稱由A L E改爲A L D以免混淆。a L D法以連續的 自身飽和表面反應爲基礎。此方法詳述於美國專利案第 4,058,430和5,711,811號。此反應器設計使用使得系統迅速 運作的惰性載體和滌氣氣體。 以惰性氣體使來源化學品彼此隔離,以免氣體反應物 之間發生氣相反應並有助於膜生長的自身飽和表面反應, 此反應不須嚴格控制底質溫度,也不須嚴格控制來源化學 品用量。通常在下一反應性化學品脈衝引至反應槽中之前 ,自反應槽移除過剩的化學品和反應副產物。藉由使用惰 性滌氣氣體,使得氣體流率維持高流率,以有效率地自反 應槽排出所不欲的氣相分子。滌氣氣體將過剩的分子推至 用以維持反應槽中之適當壓力的真空幫浦。A L D提出用 於膜生長之極佳和自動的自身控制。 A L D近來曾被用以沉積氮化鈦T i N單層(H.Jeon, J.W.Lee, J.H.Koo,Y.S.Kim, Y.D.Kim5D.S.Kim, vv A Study on the Characteristics of TiN Thin Film Deposited by Atomic Layer Chemical Vapor Deposition method (藉原子層化學蒸鍍 法沉積之T i N薄膜的性質之硏究)〃,AVS 46th International Symposium, abstract TF-MoP 17, http://www.vacuum.org/symposium/seattle/technical.html J 美 國西雅圖1999年10月27日)。 根據Hiltumen等人,使用金屬鹵化物作爲來源化學品 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -5 - 541351 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(3 ) ,NbN、TaN、Ta3N5、MoN和Mo2N可藉 A L D 生長(L.Hiltunen,M. Leskala,M.Makela,L.Niinisto, E. Nykanen, P.Soininen, vv Nitrides of Titanium, Niobium, Tantalum and Molybdenum Growth as Thin Filmes by the Atomic Layer Epitaxy Method (藉原子層取向附生法使i太、 鈮、鉅和鉬之氮化物生長成薄膜)〃 ,Thin Solid Films, 1 66 ( 1988) 149- 1 54 )。在蒸鍍期間內使用額外鋅蒸汽會因 爲提高金屬/氮比例或因爲自膜移除氧而降低氮化物膜的 電阻。 J.W.Klaus提出一種使用A L D法使氮化鎢膜生長的方 法(J.W.Klaus, VN Atomic Layer Deposition of Tungsten and Nitride Using Sequential Surface Reactions (使用連續表面反 應進行鎢和氮化物之原子層沉積)〃,AVS 46th International Symposium, abstract TF-TuMe, http://www.vacuum.org/symposium/seattle/technical.html,美 國西雅圖1999年10月27日)。此方法中,氮化鎢W 2 N 自W F 6和Ν Η 3生長。 此技術中,使用氫(Η 2 )(美國專利案第5,342,652 號和EP-A2-899 779 )、矽烷(如:S i Η 4 )(美國專利 案第5,691,235號)和氯矽烷(如:S i H C 1 3 )(美國 專利案第5,723,384號)還原鎢化合物。 但是,這些以前技術的方法有一些缺點。矽烷也會與 W F 6反應,並因此形成砂化鎢W S i 2。氫會將鎢化合物 還原成鎢金屬,其蒸汽壓過低,無法以氣相轉運至底晳上 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -6 - 541351 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _____B7_五、發明説明(4 ) 。傳統C V D法會在薄膜中留下大量雜質,於低沉積溫度 特別是如此。 發明槪述 本發明的一個目的是要消除以前技術的問題及提出一 種新穎之藉A L D方式沉積過渡金屬氮化物薄膜的方法。 本發明的另一目的是要提出一種用以製備位於積體電路金 屬表面上之擴散屏障的方法。 訝異地發現到:將適當的過渡金屬化合物、還原性硼 化合物和氮化合物引至含底質的反應槽中,會有電阻値低 的金屬氮化物膜生長。根據本發明,氣態硼化合物和金屬 物種之間之反應還原此金屬化合物並形成氣相反應副產物 ,此副產物容易自反應空間中移出。 根據本發明的一個較佳實施例,此金屬氮化物薄膜藉 A L D型方法生長。此藉連續將適當過渡金屬化合物脈衝 、還原性硼化合物脈衝和氮化合物引至含底質的反應槽中 的方式實施,該硼化合物和該氮化合物於金屬化合物之後 引入。因此,電阻値低的金屬氮化物膜可以根據A L D法 原理生長。根據本發明,氣相硼化合物和結合於表面的金 屬物種之間之反應會還原金屬化合物及形成氣態反應副產 物,此副產物容易自反應空間中移出。 製造積體電路期間內,藉沉積法在積體電路中以金屬 氮化物薄膜在位於矽晶片上的介電表面或金屬表面上生成 擴散屏障。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 541351 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 更特定言之,本發明之特徵在於申請專利範圍第1項 所述者。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用以製備擴散屏障的方法之特徵在於申請專利範圍第 2 0項所述者。 藉本發明之助而獲致多個優點。金屬氮化物薄膜(特 別是氮化鎢薄膜)可於低溫生長。作爲來源材料的硼化合 物是容易處理和蒸發者。 如前述者,硼化合物(金屬物種和還原性硼化合物之 間的反應副產物)基本上是氣體,以惰性氣體滌氣時,它 們容易離開反應器。膜中的硼殘渣量非常低,基本上低於 5重量%,以1重量%或以下爲佳,特別是〇 . 5重量% 或以下。膜的電阻値低。膜的生長速率可被接受。反應時 間亦短,因此,藉由本發明,此膜非常有效率地生長。 以本發明生長的膜具良好薄膜性質。因此,藉A L D 法得到的金屬氮化物膜的一致性極佳,即使於不均勻表面 和在溝槽和通道上亦然。此方法也提供膜生長的極佳和自 動自身控制。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 藉本發明生長的金屬氮化物薄膜可用於,如:作爲積 體電路中的離子擴散屏障層。氮化鎢有效地中止氧並提高 金屬氧化物電容器的穩定性。過渡金屬氮化物(特別是氮 化鎢)亦適合作爲金屬的黏合層,在薄膜電阻器中,用以 中止錫遷移通過通道孔及改善積體電路的高溫加工性質。 之後將藉詳細描述和附圖之助地詳細說明本發明。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -8 - 541351 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 附圖簡述 (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 附圖1所示者是根據本發明之較佳實施例的輸入順序 的方塊圖。 發明詳述 定義 本發明中,v'化學氣相蒸鍍法〃是指反應物以蒸汽相 餵至反應空間中的沉積法。這樣的方法的例子包括c V D 和 A L D。 本發明中,> A L D型方法〃是指以連續自身飽和表 面反應爲基礎,蒸汽化的材料沉積在表面上的方法。 A L D法的原理揭示於,如:US 4 058 430。 ''反應空間〃是指可調整條件以進行A L D沉積的反 應器或反應槽。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 此處所謂的''薄膜〃是指自元素或化合物上以離子、 原子或分子形式經由真空、氣相或液相自來源運送至底質 上而生長的膜。膜厚度視施用方式而定,於一寬範圍中變 動,如:由1個分子層至800奈米,甚至高至1 〇〇〇 奈米。 沉積法 根據本發明,金屬氮化物薄膜藉A L D型法製得。 根據C V D法,膜於提高溫度在置於反應槽中的底質 上生長。嫻於此技術者瞭解C V D原理。雖然可以改變不 本纸張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ~ 9 - 541351 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 同物種的脈衝’但基本上,金屬來源材料、氮來源材料和 還原性化合物同時引至反應空間中。也可以將包含氮和金 屬的來源材料與還原性硼化合物一起引至反應空間中。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 根據本發明,以A L D法製得金屬氮化物薄膜。因此 ,置於反應槽中的底質進行至少兩種蒸汽相反應物之連續 、交替重覆表面反應,以於其上生長薄膜。作爲來源材料 的金屬化合物在維持於高溫之底質上被硼化合物所還原。 另一情況中,膜中不摻入此硼化合物。還原的金屬物種在 表面上與氣相或揮發性氮來源材料反應。 調整反應空間中的條件,使得氣相反應(即,氣態反 應物之間的反應)不致於發生,僅發生表面反應(即,吸 附於底質表面上的物種與氣相反應物之間之反應)。因此 ,還原性硼化合物分子與在表面上之沉積的金屬化合物層 反應,氮來源材料與在表面上之還原的金屬化合物反應。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 根據本發明,金屬來源材料和還原劑的蒸汽相脈衝交 替且連續進入反應空間,並與反應空間中之底質表面接觸 。底質 ''表面〃包含真實底質材料的表面,此表面視情況 地經過事前處理,如:藉由與化學品接觸以修飾其表面性 質。薄膜生長期間內,之前的金屬氮化物層形成供之後的 金屬氮化物層使用的表面。物劑以藉惰性載氣(如:氮) 餵入反應器中爲佳。 較佳情況中,及欲使方法之進行更爲迅速時,金屬來 源材料脈衝、還原性硼化合物脈衝和氮來源材料脈衝彼此 以惰性氣體(亦稱爲滌氣氣體)脈衝分隔,以便將反應空 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -10- 541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ____B7五、發明説明(8 ) 間中之先前化學品之未反應掉的殘餘物滌除。惰性滌氣氣 體基本上包含非活性氣體(如:氮)或惰性氣體(如:氬 )〇 因此,一個脈衝順序(亦稱爲a循環〃)以基本上含 括下列者爲佳: - 藉惰性載氣之助,將金屬來源化學品的蒸汽相脈 衝餵至反應空間中; - 以惰性氣體對反應空間滌氣; - 藉惰性載氣之助,將硼來源化學品的蒸汽相脈衝 餵至反應空間中; - 以惰性氣體對反應空間滌氣; - 將氮來源材料的蒸汽相脈衝餵至反應空間中;及 - 以惰性氣體對反應空間滌氣。 各循環的滌氣時間選擇長至足以避免氣相反應及避免 過渡金屬氮化物薄膜生長速率高於該氮化物之晶格常數。 此沉積可於常壓進行,但以於低壓操作爲佳。反應器 中的壓力基本上是0 · 01 — 20毫巴,以0 . 1 — 5毫 巴爲佳。底質溫度低至足以維持薄膜原子.間的鍵結完整及 避免氣態反應物熱分解的溫度。另一方面,底質溫度必須 高至足以使來源材料維持氣相,即,必須避免氣態反應物 之冷凝。此外,溫度必須高至足以提供用於表面反應之活 化能量。視反應物和壓力而定,底質溫度基本上是2 0 0 —7 0 0 °C,以 2 5 0 — 5 0 CTC 爲佳。 這些條件中,與表面結合的反應物量由表面決定。將 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -11 - 541351 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(9 ) 此現象稱爲 > 自身飽和"。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 吸附單層金屬來源化學分子時,可得到底質表面的最 大覆蓋率。重覆脈衝順序直到生長出預定厚度的金屬氮化 物膜。 來源溫度以設定低於底質溫度爲佳。此基於:如果來 源化學品蒸汽的分壓超過底質溫度的冷凝限制,將會損及 薄膜受控制的層-層生長。 用於自身飽和反應的時間大部分受限於經濟因素,如 :產物自反應器輸出的所欲輸出量。以相當少次的脈衝循 環製得非常薄的膜,一些情況中,此有利於提高化學品來 源脈衝時間並因此有利於使化學品來源以低於常態蒸汽壓 的情況使用。 底質可爲各種類型。例子包括矽、矽石、經塗覆的矽 、銅金屬和多種氮化物,如:金屬氮化物。傳統上,先前 沉積的薄膜層會成爲下一薄膜生長的底質表面。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本方法用以在形狀有挑戰性的應用上生長一致的薄膜 層。如前述者,可以在積體表面的介電(如:矽石或氮化 物)或金屬(如:銅)表面上製得擴散屏障。這些情況中 ,該表面形成用以生長金屬氮化物薄膜的底質。 有某些活性基團位於表面上時,金屬來源材料更容易 附於氮化物表面。下列者是六氟化鎢(W F 6 )附於矽晶片 上之建議的反應式。 矽晶片頂部有原有的氧化物。矽石(S i 0 2 )層可以 僅爲幾個分子層厚。砂石表面上有v'0 Η 〃基團可作爲反 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ 297公釐) -12- 541351 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(10 ) 應性表面位址。 WFe (g) + HO —(吸附)_^WF5-〇一 (吸附)+ H F ( g ) ( R 1 ) 此生長法中’金屬來源化合物附著於氮化物表面。關 於W F 6的建議反應式列於(R 2 )和(r 3 )。 WF6 (g) +H — N=(吸附wf5 — N = (吸附)+ H F ( g ) ( R 2 ) WFe (g) + H2N -(吸附)->WF5 - NH — ,(吸附)+ H F ( g ) ( R 3 ) 重要的是小心地使程序參數爲最適値,以免因爲產生 的H F氣體攻擊矽石並形成揮發性四氟化矽而使得矽晶片 腐触(特別是氣化物生成的第一^相期間內)。 Si〇2(s)+4HF (g)->SiF4(g) + 2 Η 2 Ο ( g ) ( R 4 ) 未被覆蓋的矽會有進一步的非所欲反應。 最典型的金屬來源材料是過渡金屬(即,根據 IUPAC之元素週期表的第3、4、5、6、7、8、 9、1 0、1 1和/或1 2族元素)的揮發性或氣體化合 物。特別地,此膜基本上由W、T i、Z r、H f、V、 Nb、Ta、Cr和/或Μ 0氮化物構成,因此本發明之 方法以使用這些的氣態或揮發性化合物爲佳。 因爲各金屬化合物的性質不同,所以必須考慮用於本 發明之方法的各金屬化合物之適用性。化合物的性質見於 J : N.N.Greenwood and A.Earnshaw, Chemistry of the (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) ,13- 541351 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11 )
Elements, 1st edition,Pergamon Press, 1986 〇 必須選擇金屬來源材料(及還原性硼化合物和氮來源 材料)以符合足夠的蒸汽壓要求,須滿足前面所討論之於 底質溫度之熱安定性足夠和化合物之反應性足夠的標準。 蒸汽壓足夠意謂接近底質表面處必須有足夠的化學分 子位於氣相中,以有助於表面上進行夠快的自身飽和反應 〇 基本上,熱安定性足夠意謂化學品來源本身不會在底 質上形成會干擾生長的可冷凝相或者因爲熱分解作用而在 底質表面上留下有害雜質。因此,一個目標是避免分子在 底質上進行非控制的冷凝。 其他選擇標準包括化學品於高純度的可利用性,處理 的容易度,特別是不須嚴格的預防措施。 基本上,適當的金屬來源材料有鹵化物(以氟化物、 氯化物、溴化物或碘化物爲佳)或金屬有機化合物(以所 欲金屬的烷基胺基、環戊二烯基、二硫代胺基甲酸乙酯或 /3 —二酮酸鹽爲佳)。 根據本發明的較佳實施例,氮化鎢(W X N y,下文 中以W N表示)生長。鎢來源化學品是選自前述標準的鎢 化合物。較佳的鎢來源材料選自包含 — 鹵化物,如:W F X、W C 1 y、W B r π 或
Wln,其中,χ、y、111和11是1至6的整數, 特別是W F 6 ; 一 羰基,如··六羰基鎢W(C〇)6或三羰基(1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CMS ) A4規格(210'〆297公釐) I I J---_----^裝-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工涓費合作社印製 -14- 541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印^ A7 _B7_五、發明説明(12 ) ,3 ,5 —三甲基苯)鎢; 一 環戊二烯基,如:雙(環戊二烯基)二氫化鎢、 雙(環戊二烯基)二氯化鎢或雙(環戊二烯基) 六羰基二鎢;及 一 /3 -二酮酸鹽。 根據較佳實施例,混合過渡金屬氮化物,使得在生長 法中,使用二或多種不同的金屬來源材料。例如’氮化鎢 可以與T i N混合。 金屬反應物會與底質表面反應,與表面鍵結基團形成 (共價)鍵。吸附的金屬物種會含有反應劑化合物渣質, 如:鹵素或烴。根據本發明,此渣質與氣相硼化合物反應 ,此還原表面上的金屬化合物。 硼化合物的還原強度不定。因此,一些硼化合物會將 金屬化合物還原成金屬元素,一些會還原至某些氧化態。 重要的是亦能夠以其元素形式與氮化合物反應的那些金屬 被還原成金屬。基本上,金屬來源化合物的氧化態降低, 使得表面上的金屬爲化合物形式。此金屬化合物與氮來源 材料反應,無困難地形成金屬氮化物。 硼來源選自與金屬來源材料相同標準。通常,硼化合 物可以是能夠還原與表面結合之金屬物種的任何揮發性、 熱穩定性足夠之反應性硼化合物。 不同金屬來源材料與一種和相同還原劑之反應會產生 不同的反應副產物。根據本發明,選擇金屬來源材料和硼 化合物,使得所得硼化合物爲氣體。此意謂形成的化合物 本 1氏張尺度適用中國國家標準dNS)^規格(210><297公楚y---— -15- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ___B7 _五、發明説明(彳3 ) 是足以藉惰性載氣之助而自反應空間中移出的氣體’另一 方面,不會分解(如:催化性分解或熱分解)成可冷凝的 物種。副產物會不留在膜中成爲雜質。如果表面上的反應 性位址被污染,膜的生長速率降低。藉由如前述地選擇金 屬來源材料和硼化合物,各循環中的膜的生長速率基本上 不會降低,即,降低量不超過0 · 1 %,以低於0 · 0 1 %爲佳,特別是低於0 · 0 0 1 %。不適合的組合例是 T i C 1 4和三乙基硼,其反應無法得到所欲結果。 熱力資料庫夠大的電腦程式有助於此選擇,此有助於 核對反應平衡並藉此預測何種反應物可導致熱力學上有利 的反應。此類型程式的一個例子是Outokumpu Research〇y, Pori,Finland 的 HSC Chemistry,version 3.02 (1997)。 多種硼化學品使得操作者能夠選擇適當的還原強度並 避免形成硼化物。可以使用一或多種硼化物來生長一和相 同的薄膜。 較佳情況中,使用下列硼化合物的一或多者: 式(I )的硼烷 B n H η + X 其中,η是1至10的整數,以2至6爲佳, X是偶數,以4、6或8爲佳, 或式(Π ) Β η H m ( Π ) 其中,η是1至10的整數,以2至6爲佳, m是不同於η的整數,m是1至1 〇,以2至6爲佳 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -16- 541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明(14 ) 〇 根據式(I )的硼烷例有Β η Η η + 4、Β η Η n + 6和 Β η Η η + 8。根據式(Π )的硼烷例包括Β η H m。也可以 使用硼烷錯合物,如·· (CH3CH2)3N.BH3。 硼烷鹵化物,特別是氟化物、溴化物和氯化物。適當 化合物例爲B 2 Η 5 B r。也可以使用硼烷鹵化物錯合物、 硼/鹵素比例高的硼鹵化物,如:B 2 F 4、B 2 C 1 4和 B 2 B r 4 〇 根據式(m )的鹵硼烷 Β π X π ( m ) 其中,X是C 1或B r,而 n = 4,8 — 12(X=C1 時), n = 7— 10(X = Br 時) 根據式(IV )的碳硼烷 C 2 Β π X π + X ( IV ) 其中,η是1至1 〇的整數,以2至6爲佳, X是偶數,以2,4或6爲佳。 根據式(IV )的碳硼烷包括C 2 Β η Η η + 2、 C2BnHn + 4 和 C2BnHn + 6。 根據式(V )的胺硼烷 R 3 Ν Β X 3 ( V ) 其中,R是直鏈或帶有支鏈的Ci — Ci。,以Ci — C4烷基或Η爲佳,而 X是直鏈或帶有支鏈的Ci — Cio,以(^— C4烷基 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標隼(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -17- 541351 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(15 ) 、Η或鹵素爲佳, 根據式(VI)之Β上的一或多個取代基是胺基的胺基 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 硼烷 R 2 Ν ( VI ) 其中,R是直鏈或帶有支鏈的Ci—Ci。,以Ci — C 4烷基或經取代或未經取代的芳基爲佳。 適當的胺基硼烷的一個例子是(C H3)2N B(C H3)2 ο 環狀硼嗪(—Β Η - Ν Η -)3和其揮發性衍生物。、 烷基硼或烷基硼烷,其中,烷基基本上是直鏈或帶有 支鏈的C i 一 C i。烷基,以C 2 — C 4烷基爲佳。特別佳者 是二乙基棚(CH3CH2) 3B,因其容易蒸發。 特別佳的硼化合物是三乙基硼(C Η 3 C Η 2 ) 3 B。 結合於底質表面上之還原的金屬物種之後進行與含氮 化合物之反應。此作爲氮來源材料的氮化合物具揮發性或 是氣體,係根據前述標準(包括與反應副產物有關的標準 )選擇。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 較佳情況中,氮化合物選自包含 一 氨(Ν Η 3 )和其鹽,以鹵化物鹽爲佳,特別是 氟化氨或氯化銨; 一 氫疊氮(Η Ν 3 )和該化合物的烷基衍生物,如 ·· C Η 3 Ν 3 ; 一 聯氨(Ν 2 Η 4 )和聯氨的鹽類,如:聯氨氯化氫 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) -18- 541351 A7 ____B7_ 五、發明説明(16 ) 一 聯氨的院基衍生物,如:二甲基聯氨; 一 氟化氮N F 3 ; (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一 羥基胺(N Η 2 Ο Η )和其鹽類,如:羥基胺氯 化氫; 一 一級、二級和三級胺,如:甲胺、二乙胺和三乙 胺;及 一 氮基’如:ΝΗ2*、ΝΗ**和Ν***,其中’ *代 表能夠鍵結的自由電子,及氮的激發態(Ν 2 * )。 未使用還原劑時,由前述方法得到的氮化物薄膜之Ν /W莫耳比大於1,即,氮化合物大多爲WN2形式。未以 還原劑操作時,也可以先將氮來源材料脈衝餵至反應空間 中,之後餵入過渡金屬來源材料(即,使用相反的來源材 料脈衝順序)。此時也是以氮來源材料脈衝終止沉積法。 因此,膜材料構造與藉類似但使用還原劑的方法所得者不 同。根據未使用還原劑之方法製得的膜的電阻較高。 以下列非限制例說明本發明。 實例1 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 使用六氟化鎢(w F 6 )和氨(Ν Η 3 )作爲來源化學 品。這兩種化學品於室溫下爲液化氣體且蒸汽壓高至不須 額外加熱便可用於A L D法。原料管線和反應器以純度 99 · 9999%的氮氣滌氣。此氮氣製自液氮。200 毫米5夕晶片依受託人的Finnish Patent No.100409載入 A L D反應器中。來源化學品交替脈衝與位於反應槽內的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -19- 541351 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明(17 ) 底質接觸。開始沉積,以N Η 3脈衝結束。此脈衝循環包括 下列步驟: (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Ν Η 3蒸汽脈衝〇 . 5秒鐘 Ν 2氣體脈衝1 . 〇秒鐘 W F 6蒸汽脈衝〇 . 2 5秒鐘 Ν 2蒸汽脈衝〇 . 8秒鐘 脈衝循環重覆5 0 0次,製得3 0奈米膜,基本生長. 速率是0 · 6埃/循環。以電子繞射光譜儀(下文中稱爲 E D S )分析所得薄膜的組成、雜質和厚度。ε D S顯示 N /W比是1 . 3,此意謂其爲介於W Ν和W Ν 2之間的氮 化鎢相(即,富含氮)。生長溫度由4 0 0 °C降至3 6 0 °C,會使氟含量由2重量%提高至4重量%。 合倂厚度値和四點探針測定,得知氮化鎢膜的電阻値 。於4 0 0 °C生長的此膜的電阻値是1 9 0 0微歐姆公分 。膜的氮含量高會使得電阻値較高。 實例2 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 使用六氟化鎢(WF6)、三乙基硼(CH3CH2)3B 和氨(Ν Η 3 )作爲來源化學品。所有的化學品於室溫下爲 液體或液化氣體且蒸汽壓高至不須額外加熱便可用於 A L D法。原料管線和反應器以純度9 9 · 9 9 9 9 %的 氮氣滌氣。此氮氣製自液氮。2 0 0毫米矽晶片載入 F 2 0 0 A L D反應器中。來源化學品交替脈衝與位於 反應槽中的底質接觸。此脈衝循環包括下列步驟: 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -20- 541351 A7 B7 五、發明説明(18 ; W F 6蒸汽脈衝〇 . 2 5秒鐘 N 2氣體脈衝〇 . 8秒鐘 (C Η 3 C Η 2 ) 3 B蒸汽脈衝0 · 〇 1秒鐘 Ν 2氣體脈衝〇 . 5秒鐘 Ν Η 3蒸汽脈衝〇 · 2 5秒鐘 Ν 2蒸汽脈衝〇 . 5秒鐘 脈衝循環重覆5 0 0次,於3 6 Ot製得3 0奈米膜 °以E D S分析所得薄膜厚度和組成。此膜由鎢和氮構成 的量在可偵測量之下。膜中的氟雜質含量是3重量% °合倂厚度値和四點探針測定,得知氮化鎢膜的電阻値。 電阻値是1 3 0 — 1 6 0微歐姆公分。 本發明者認爲硼化學品作爲還原劑並自氟化鎢移除氟 。硼化學品的優點在於可能的副產物(如:B F 3和 C H2 C H2 F )於沉積溫度是氣體,不會干擾氮化物生長 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ,弟. Γ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(21〇Χ:297公釐) -21 -
Claims (1)
- 541351 A8 B8 C8 D8 &、申請專利範圍2 其中,金屬來源材料選自W、Mo、Cr、Ta、Nb、 v、H f、Z r 和 T i。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中,金屬來源 材料選自鹵化物或金屬有機化合物。 6 ·如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中鹵化物爲氟 化物、氯化物、溴化物或碘化物。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中金屬有機化 合物爲烷基胺基、環戊二烯基、二硫代胺基甲酸乙酯或石 —二酮酸鹽。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中,金屬來源 材料是鎢化合物,選自包含 — 鎢化鹵; 一幾基鎢; 一 環戊二烯基鎢;及 一 /3 -二酮酸鎢。 9 ·如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中鎢化鹵爲 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 W F X 、 • W C : L y W B r m或W I η 5 其 中 、X % y > m 和 η 是 1 至6 的3 整〗 數 〇 1 0 · 如 串 請 專 利 範 圍第9 項 之 方 法, ,其 中 鎢 化 鹵 是 W F 6 〇 1 1 . 如 串 三主 S円 專 利 範 圍第8 項 之 方 法: _其 中 羰 基 鎢 爲 —r., /\ 孤 基 鎢W C C 〇 ) 6或三 [羰基< :1 5 3 5 1 5 - -ZZL 甲 基 苯 ) 鶴 0 1 2 . 如 串 5円 專 利 範 圍第8 項 之 方 法: ,其 中 環 戊 二 烯 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) •23 - 541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8六、申請專利範圍 3 基鎢爲雙(環戊二烯基)二氫化鎢、雙(環戊二烯基)二 氯化鎢或雙(環戊二烯基)六羰基二鎢。 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,硼化合物選自包括式(I )的硼烷 Β η Η η + X 其中,η是1至10的整數, X是偶數, 和式(I I ) B n H m ( Π ) 其中,η是1至10的整數, m是不同於η的整數,m是1至10, 及它們的錯合物。 1 4 .如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法,其中式(I )之η爲2至6。 1 5 .如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法,其中式(I )之X爲4,6或8。 1 6 .如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法,其中式(Π )之η爲2至6。 1 7 .如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法,其中式(Π )之m爲2至6。 1 8 .如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法,其中,硼烷 選自 BnHn + 4、BnHn + 6 和 BnHn + 8,其中,Π 和 HI 如 申請專.利範圍第1 3項定義者。 · 1 9 .如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家梂準(CNS ) A4規格U10X297公嫠) - 24- 541351 A8 B8 、 C8 _____D8 々、申請專利範圍 4 ,其中,硼化合物選自根據式(IV )的碳硼烷 C 2 Β η X n .+ X (IV) (請先閲^背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 其中,η是1至1 〇的整數, X是偶數。 2 0 .如申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其中η爲2 至6。 2 1 ·如申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其中X爲2 ,4 或 6 〇 2 2 .如申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其中,碳硼 烷選自 C2BnHn + 2、C2BnHn + 4 和 C2BnHn + 6,其 中,η如申請專利範圍第1 9項定義者。 2 3 .如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,硼化合物選自根據式(V )的胺一硼烷加合物 R 3 Ν Β X a ( V ) 其中,R是直鏈或帶有支鏈的Cl 一 Cio烷基或Η, X疋直鍵或帶有支鍵的C 1— C ίο院基、Η或鹵素。 2 4 ·如申請專利範圍第2 3項之方法,其中r爲c ι 一 C 4院基。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 5 ·如申請專利範圍第2 3項之方法,其中X爲c —C 4院基。 ‘ 2 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,硼化合物選自根據式(VI )之B上的一琦么^ 4多個取 代基是胺基的胺基硼烷 . R 2 N ( VI ) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -25- 541351 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍5 其中,R是直鏈或帶有支鏈的Cl 一 Cid烷基,或經 取代或未經取代的芳基。 2 7 .如申請專利範圍第2 6項之方法,其中r爲c ^ —C 4院基。 2 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,硼化合物選自烷基硼或烷基硼烷,其中,烷基是 直鏈或帶有支鏈的C i — C i 〇烷基。 2 9 .如申請專利範圍第2 8項之方法,其中該烷基 爲C2 — C4院基。 3 0 .如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,硼化合物選自硼/鹵素比例高的硼鹵化物。 3 1 ·如申請專利範圍第3 0項之方法,其中該硼幽 化物爲 B2F4、B2C 14 或 Β2Βγ4。 3 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,硼化合物選自式(瓜)的鹵硼烷 Β η X π ( ΙΠ ) 其中,X是Cl或Br,而 n = 4,8- 12(X=C1 時), n = 7— 10 (X = Br 時)。 3 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1至.3項中任何一項之方$ ,其中,硼化合物選自環狀硼嗪(―BH - NH —)3和其 揮發性衍生物。 3 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方$ ,其中,硼化合物選自硼烷鹵化物及它們的錯合物。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁}26 541351 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍6 3 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,氮來源材料選自 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一 氨(N Η 3 )和其鹽,; 一 氫疊氮(ΗΝ3)和其烷基衍生物; 一 聯氨(Ν 2 Η 4 )和聯氨的鹽類; - 聯氨的烷基衍生物; 一 氟化氮N F 3 ; — 羥基胺(Ν Η 2〇Η )和其鹽類; 一 一級、二級和三級胺;及 一 氮基,及氮的激發態(Ν 2 * )。 3 6 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中氨的鹽 爲鹵化物鹽。 3 7 ·如申請專利範圍第3 6項之方法,其中該鹵化 物鹽爲氟化氨或氯化銨。 3 8 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中氫疊氮 的烷基衍生物爲C Η 3 Ν 3。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 3 9 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中聯氨的 鹽類爲聯氨氯化氫。 4 0 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中聯氨的 烷基衍生物爲二甲基聯氨。 _ 4 1 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中羥基胺 的鹽類爲羥基胺氯化氫。 4 2 ·如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中胺爲甲 胺、二乙胺或三乙胺。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率(CNS ) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) -27- 541351 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍7 4 3 .如申請專利範圍第3 5項之方法,其中氮基爲 N Η 2 *、N Η * *和N * * *,其中,*代表能夠鍵結的自由電 子。 4 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何一項之方法 ,其中,底質選自矽、矽石、經塗覆的矽、銅金屬和氮化 物。 4 5 . —種用以製造在積體電路中之擴散屏障的方法 ,其特徵在於其包含藉如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任何 一項之方法,在製造積體電路期間內,使金屬氮化物薄膜 沉積於積體電路的介電表面或金屬表面上。 (請先閲却背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) -28-
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1999
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AU7926800A (en) | 2001-04-23 |
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JP4713041B2 (ja) | 2011-06-29 |
US6863727B1 (en) | 2005-03-08 |
EP1242647A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
WO2001027347A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
FI19992234A (fi) | 2001-04-16 |
EP1242647B1 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
KR20020040877A (ko) | 2002-05-30 |
DE60004566D1 (de) | 2003-09-18 |
JP2003511561A (ja) | 2003-03-25 |
FI117944B (fi) | 2007-04-30 |
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