TW510970B - Sample detection to initiate timing of an electrochemical assay - Google Patents

Sample detection to initiate timing of an electrochemical assay Download PDF

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Publication number
TW510970B
TW510970B TW089111668A TW89111668A TW510970B TW 510970 B TW510970 B TW 510970B TW 089111668 A TW089111668 A TW 089111668A TW 89111668 A TW89111668 A TW 89111668A TW 510970 B TW510970 B TW 510970B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
sample
electrical response
predetermined
voltage
scope
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TW089111668A
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English (en)
Inventor
Timothy J Ohara
Maria Teodorczyk
Mahyar Z Kermani
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Lifescan Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/327Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
    • G01N27/3271Amperometric enzyme electrodes for analytes in body fluids, e.g. glucose in blood
    • G01N27/3273Devices therefor, e.g. test element readers, circuitry

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Description

510970
經濟部智慧財產局8工消費合作社印製 發明說明 發明背景 1發明範圍 本發明係關於-種電化學裝置,用於測量生物流体中 5之分析物濃度;更特別地,關於一種機構,用於決定流体 在裝置之工作與參考電極之間提供電連接的時間。 2相關技藝說明 各種醫療診斷程序涉及諸如錢、尿液或唾液之生物 10流体的測試,以決定流体中之一分析物的濃度。令人最感 興趣的分析物是葡萄糖,而帶有酵素基組合物之乾燥相試 劑條廣泛用於臨床試驗室、醫師辦公室、醫院與家庭,以 測试生物流体試樣的葡萄糖濃度。實際上,試劑條已經變 成國内估計一千六百萬糖尿病患中很多病患的每曰必需品 15因為糖尿財導致錢化學的危險性異常,其可能造成 失明、腎衰竭與其他嚴重的醫療後果。為了使這些後果的 T險減到最小,大部份患有糖尿病的人必須周期性測試他 2自己’做’據以雜他們的葡萄糖濃度,此調整係經 、例如,飲食控制及/或胰島素注射。某些病人必須每日 2〇測試他們的血液葡萄糖濃度四次或更多次。 理對於必須控制他們的飲食以調節糖份的攝取及/或管 =島素注射以及必需藉由經常測試企液葡萄糖濃度以獲 二:面之指引的糖尿病人而言,重要的是具有一迅速、 叩貝且精確的系統,用以決定葡萄糖。 -............................ .......... n In III I" ............. -----..... —1-1- -—I— I II、一^J1--- I_____II 1 .............1 1 (請先間讀背而之>1意亨項再填寫本頁) 本紙張---~ 510970 Λ7 、發明説明( z 二―種葡萄糖測量系統以電化學方式操作,在—乾燥的 試劑條上偵測血液葡萄糖的氧化。試劑通常包含一酵素與 、氧化還原介體(mediator),酵素係諸如葡萄糖氧化酵素 $或葡萄糖脫氫酵素,氧化還原介體係諸如二茂鐵或氰酸鐵 5 。此型式的測量系統描述於美國專利4224125號,其於1⑽〇 年九月23日公告,授給Nakafflura等人;美國專利4545382 號,其於1985年十月8日公告,授給Higgins等人;與美國 專利5266179號,其於1993年十一月3〇日公告,授給 等等人,附於此供參考。 》、電化學葡萄糖測量計之特徵可以為庫侖計式、安培計 式或電位計式,各依在葡萄糖濃度決定時系統是否涉及 、J i電衔電μ或電位而定。在每一狀況,重要的是界定 金液試樣接觸試劑的時刻,因為一電信號必須在其後之一 精密的時間周期施加至條。 ’ Nankai等人的美國專利5266179號,其於1993年十一月 3〇曰Α σ,揭示一用於測量血液葡萄糖的電化學系統,其 中式樣知力口時間界疋為一恆定電壓所施力口之一對電極之間 的電阻壓降時間。 懷特專人的美國專利Μ9號,其於IQ%年十一月22 日公描述監視電極之間的電阻壓降時間之相同原則, 、决疋血液;加至一乾燥的葡萄糖試劑條之時間。在二專 射’ 4定電壓施加於卫作與參考電極之間,以追縱將 一血液試則至-錢輯舰所導致的電阻改變。 為了獲%•精確的結果,試樣伯測程序不可擾動分析物 .----裝-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 、11 ίφ. 經濟部智慈財產局員工消f合作社印製 510970 A7 五、發明說明( 15 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 20 濃度,且已描述若干用於使分析物的擾動減到最小的技術 Ο Quade等人於1979年十二月28日申請的德國 ⑽幻瀬職專利t請案㈣-電化學測量,其使用一新 穎的電子料,電子電路允許恆電位⑷定施加電壓)與值 電流(恒定施加電流)模式之_迅速切換也允許減少電 子P件的數目電路之-目標是在測量啟動以前,使試樣 的擾動減到最小。 等人於1981年十—月24日中請的德國⑽R) 208230號專利申請案揭示_雷 胥化學測ϊ,其也嘗試使試樣 的擾動減到最小。測量裝罟七 ^ 备 罝包έ一電路,其使用一個二極 體,以在測量啟動以前,使雷泣 1之電纟敬的流動減到最小,而不使 用一額外的安培計控制迴路。 此外,電路以精確而迅速的 方式切換到電位計模式。 1990年七月1〇日公告之 _ ]約輪荨人的美國4940945號專 利揭示一可攜式設備,其可 L 』/則置一血液試樣的pH值。設備 a —〜☆ 在5式樣至外部的充填電極與在試 樣至内部的二電極之一之pq ^ ^欠 之間,以偵測一試樣之存在於一電 池中奶當阻抗以至少二階的大小減少時,測量計認知已提 的試樣且發出,畢聲。然後,充填電極從包含試樣 電池内部二電極的電路除去,而測量以電位計方式執行。 發明概述 本發明提供一種方法, 用於測量生物流体試樣的分析 -5- (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
«·1111111 I I n — III
本紙張尺度適用中Η Θ家標革(CNS)A.l規fiHKr BflTiT 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510970 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明(4) 物濃度,生物流体施加至一電化學診斷條,診斷條的型式 為包含並列的工作與參考電極。方法包括: (a) 施加一預定的恆定電流源於工作與參考電極之間 5 (b)監視電極之間的電位差, (C)施加試樣至診斷條, (d) 藉由注意電位差下降至低於一預定臨限電壓的時 機,以決定試樣偵測時間^ (e) 施加一預定的恆定電壓至試樣, ίο (f)在施加恆定電壓以後,於一預定時間測量一電響應 ,及 (g)利用測量的電響應計算分析物濃度。 一測量計用於測量已施加至一診斷條之生物流体試樣 的分析物濃度,測量計包括電連通之下列項目: 15 (a)用於施加一預定電流於工作與參考電極之間的裝 置, (b) 用於監視電極之間的電位差的裝置, (c) 用於決定電位差下降至低於一預定臨限電壓的時 機以指示試樣偵測的裝置, 20 (d)響應於試樣偵測以施加一預定的恆定電壓至試樣 的裝置, (e) 用於測量所產生之電響應的裝置,及 (f) 利用測量的電響應計算分析物濃度的裝置。 本發明提供一種用於以電化學方式測量分析物濃度之 -6- 本紙張&度適用中0國家標準(CNS)/V丨规烙(210 X 297公f ) ------------裝--------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 510970 經濟部智慧財J局員工消費合作社印製 Λ7 五、發明說明(5 ) ί包含以大的精確度界定-試樣橋接於電極 。,決定試樣施加時間(更精密言之,係 争我們將術語互換使用)可錢對料樣職的分析具有 5 更大的精確度與精密度。 用於決定試樣施加時間之本方法的一優點為,與施加 一恆定電壓之絲技藝方法相比,施加-缺的小電流以 _試樣可使試樣的擾動減至最小。使用先前技藝的方法 ,施加-試樣導致-钱,其超過_啟始料之界定臨限 1〇值。因為抽樣率受限,則在感測器認知已經超過臨限值以 刖,電流典型上將是顯著的。當觀察到大電流時,可在介 體中觀察到對應的大擾動。此可能導致不精確的測量,特 別是在低分析物濃度時尤然。 施加一恆定電位以偵測試樣施加的先前技藝方法具有 15另一缺點,即,啟始電流通常隨著分析物濃度的減少而減 少。於是,更難以決定低分析物試樣的啟始試樣偵測時間 。同理,如果電流臨限值設定為太低,則可能由雜訊錯誤 地觸發。使事情更加複雜的是,紅血球所顯現的高漢度也 使啟始電流降低。 2〇 分析物與紅血球濃度不會影響本發明的方法。同樣地 ,雜訊也不是顯著的問題,因為摘測觸發器是信號電壓的 大改變之故。 本紙張Κ度適用中國國家桴準(CNS)A.l規$ (210 X :297公發) . Μ----------------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 510970 經濟部智慧財彦局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明(6 ) 圖式間早說明 圖1係施加電流與測量電壓相對於時間的圖,其描綠本 發明的試樣偵測過程。 5 圖2係本發明之一分析方法的施加電壓與所產生的電 流響應相對於時間之圖。 圖3係本發明之一替代性分析方法的施加電壓與電流 響應相對於時間之圖。 圖4係本發明之另一替代性分析方法的電荷相對於時 10 間之圖。 圖5描繪一適用於本發明之分析方法的電化學裝置。 圖6係一適用於本發明之電路的圖。 發明詳細說明 I5 本發明係關於一種測篁生物流体中之分析物濃度的電 化學方法。為了簡便起見,以下的說明強調測量全血之試 樣中的葡萄糖濃度,然而,一般專精於醫療診斷技藝的人 將知道此說明如何可以監視其他流体(諸如唾液、尿液、細 胞間的流体等)中的其他分析物(諸如膽固醇、酮体、酒精 20 等)。 用於測量水性試樣中的分析物濃度之電化學(安培計 式)方法涉及將試樣安置於一電化學電池的反應區中,電池 具備二電極,電極具有適於安培計測量的阻抗。分析物可 與一電極或與一氧化還原試劑直接反應,以形成一可氧化( 本紙張尺度適用中g國家標準(CNS)A·丨规格(21〇x 297公坌i {;請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 訂--------- 510970 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明(7) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 或可還原)的物質,其數量對應於分析物濃度。然後,可氧 化(或可還原)的物質數量以電化學方式決定。此型式的分 析必須精確界定試樣在反應區中被偵測到的時刻。此允許 一電化學波形(即,電壓)在試樣已施加以後立刻施加,且 5精確界定一潛伏期與或反應時間。此改良了分析的精確度 與精密度,如下述。 本發明提供一種改良的方法與設備,用於決定試樣偵 測時間。此方法涉及施加一小而恆定的電流源於電化學診 斷條的電極,及監視電極之間的電位差。因為在電極之間 10有一乾燥的間隙,故初始流動的電流可忽略。當試樣施加 至條且充填間隙時,測量的電壓迅速減小,促使測試時間 啟始。一旦如此認知試樣已施加時,設備從恆定電流切換 到恆定電壓模式。在恆定電壓模式,電流或電荷之測量係 成為時間的函數,以便計算分析物濃度。此技術使定時啟 15始電路引入信號響應的誤差減至最小,藉以達成低的偵測 限制。電子部件簡單且不昂貴。 經濟部智慧財彦局員工消費合作社印製 圖1係施加電流與測量電壓之圖,其描繪本發明的試樣 偵測過程。在時間為零以前(即,在引入試樣以前),一恆 定(在此為,例如,1微安培)電流施加於電極之間,但可忽 20 略的電流流動著。較小的電流使擾動減少,故較佳,當分 析物濃度小時尤然。測量電壓由電路電源電壓一在此事例 中為5伏特一決定。當試樣引入電池(在時間為零時),施加 電流可以流動於電極之間,而測量電壓迅速下降。當電壓 下降到一臨限電壓以下時,裝置從恒定施加電流切換到恒 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中00家漂準(CNS)Al規烙(LM〇x297公楚) 510970 A7 1… --- -------B7______ 五、發明說明(8 ) 定施加電壓。 圖2將;fc力口電位與測量電流描綠成試樣偵測以後之時 間的函數。《在時間㈣被_到,_電壓於其後立刻施 加於工作與計數器電極之間。結果,電流流動於電極之間 5。-旦系統已校準,利用具有已知分析物濃度的試樣,則 一預定時間以後的電流是分析物濃度的計量。預定時間的 期間不重要,當流体為血液且分析物為葡萄糖時,其通常 至少約為3秒。該期間大体上提供足夠的時間,以溶解試劑 及減少可迅速測量的介體數量。當所有情況都一樣時,則 10咼的血球比容需要較長的時間。實際言之,使用者通常有 興趣的是儘快獲得讀數。十秒的期間典型上可令人滿足, 而無意願等更久。當然,一旦設定一預定時間,則精確與 精密的結果要求每次使用相同的時間。不論如何,電流決 定的精確度依t=0決定的精確度而定。 15 圖3係一替代性方法的測量電流與施加電壓相對於時 間之圖。在此方法中,於預定時間以後,一第二電壓脈波 施加於電極。通常,第二脈波在預定時間以後立刻施加( 以使總測量時間減至最小),但允許延遲。再一次,可再生 的結果要求可再生的程序;於是,在此方法中,一樣地, 20 重要的是精確決定t = 0之點。第二脈波導致通過電極的電流 有一正的峰值,後面跟隨一衰減的電流。在系統已校準以 後,分析物濃度可以從衰減率單獨或配合圖2所描繪的電流 測量而決定。通常,在一時期,電流係指數式衰減,該時 期開始於第二脈波施加以後約1秒,其後持續至少若干秒。 -10- 本紙張叉度適用中國國家標準(CNSM1规烙(210、297公坌) (請先閱讀背面之注急事項再填寫本頁) · ϋ ϋ n — ϋ n ϋ 一°J - - ·ϋ I ί ϋ I ϋ I · 經濟部智慧財彥局員工消費合作社印t 經濟部智慧財彦局員工消費合作社印8 510970 A7 B7 __ 五、發明說明(9 ) 圖4描繪圖3的方法,其中所測量的是電荷而非電流。 如同圖3,分析物濃度可以由在一固定時間的總電荷及/或 由第二電壓施加以後的衰減率決定。 圖5描繪一「薄層」裝置10,其適用於上述方法。基材 5 12係一聚酯基部14,其上已澱積-典型上係藉由喷濺-鈀塗 層16,纪塗層16形成工作電極。·-乾燥試劑,其由緩衝、 介體與酵素組成,澱積於電極之一端18附近。隔離層20係 雙側粘劑,具有一切除部22,其界定電化學電池。典型上 ,隔離片小於約200微米厚。頂層24係聚酯層26,其上已澱 ίο 積-典型上係藉由喷濺一金塗層28,金塗層28形成參考電極 〇 上述型式的裝置可以利用一葡萄糖氧化酵素(GOD)/氰 酸鐵系統,以經由下列反應決定葡萄糖濃度,其中G0D*係 還原的酵素。 15 反應1 葡萄糖+ G0D —葡萄糖酸+. GOD* 反應2 GOD* + 2氰酸鐵-> G0D + 2氰酸亞鐵 2〇 氰酸鐵([Fe(CN)6]3_)是介體,其使GOD*返回它的催化狀 態。只要存在過多的介體,則G0D-酵素催化劑-將繼續使葡 萄糖氧化。氰酸亞鐵([Fe(CN)6]4_)是總反應的產物。雖然 實際上通常有少量的氰酸亞鐵,但理想上,初始沒有氰酸 亞鐵。在反應完成以後,氰酸亞鐵的濃度(以電化學方式測 -11- 本紙張汶度適用中阀0家瞟準(CNSU·丨规烙(210 X 297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 ----訂--------- 510970 經濟部智慧財彦局員工消費合作社印製 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明(1G) 量)指示葡萄糖的初始濃度。總反應是反應1與2之和。 反應3 葡萄糖+ 2氰酸鐵—葡萄糖酸+ 2氰酸亞鐵 「葡萄糖」特別指yS -D-1]萄糖。 5 此系統的細節描述於PCT申請案W0 97/18465號,附於此 供參考。 圖6描繪實行本發明之適當電路的實施例。初始,一恆 定電流源施加至條,而開關105在位置1。電流源由操作放 10大器1〇4、電壓參考102與電阻101和1〇3組成。電流由電壓 參考102與電阻103之比決定。電阻1〇丨用於產生所需要的偏 壓。操作放大器110與電阻109充當電流至電壓轉換器。初 始,無試樣在條上,點107與108之間的電阻很大,而通過 條的電流可以忽略。在此狀況,操作放大器1〇4的輸出電壓 15 (vi)為尚的。當一試樣施加至條,它的電阻顯著下降,且 因為一怪疋電流流過條,VI下降。VI經由類比至數位轉換 器111饋送至微處理器112。微處理器112將此減少的電壓認 知為試樣偵測,乃將開關105切換至位置2,以使條脫離電 流源且使它連接至電壓源106。在此狀況,藉由測量操作放 20大器U0的輸出電壓(V2),可以達成計時安培測量。此電壓 成比例於通過條的電流。 下列例子展示本發明,但不論如何皆無意限制之。 例子 圖6的電路之建立係以條8為薄層電化學葡萄糖條,其 -12- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A丨規烙UK) X :37 Μ--------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 510970 五、發明說明("
型式顯示於圖5,具有鈀鱼金電極 、葡萄糖脫氣酵素(_與氣酸鐵。一怪1塗=_ =動電流施加於乾燥葡萄糖條的工作電極與計數 :) ,極之間。因為條是乾燥的,故工作與計數琴/參考 極之間的電阻縣上W。在—全錢參考電 =後’觀察到電I下降、約50至侧毫伏特的臨限值使】 動時間啟始⑻_伏特的臨限值為較佳 > 在偵測到試樣 以後,儀ϋ從施純定電流切換為施域定電壓。以時間 的函數測量通過試樣的電流可以計算_糖濃度。 專精於此技藝的人可以了解,前述說明與例子係繪示 ^明之實行,但絕非加以限制。可以將此處所呈現的細 即加以更改,而不偏離本發明的範疇與精神。 .---------^裝--------訂---------^9. (琦先間瀆背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財彦局員工消費合作社印製 適 |度 尺 !張 一紙 I本
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Claims (1)

  1. 510970 經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 Λ8 R8 C8 08 六、申請專利範圍 1、 一種測量生物流体試樣的分析物濃度之方法,生物流 体施加至一電化學診斷條,診斷條的型式為包含並列的 工作與參考電極,方法包括: (a) 施加一預定的恆定電流源於工作與參考電極之間 j (b) 監視電極之間的電位差, (c) 施加試樣至診斷條, (d) 藉由注意電位差下降至低於一預定臨限電壓的時 機,以決定試樣偵測時間, (e) 施加一預定的恆定電壓至試樣, (f) 在施加恆定電壓以後,於一預定時間測量一電響 應,及 (g) 利用測量的電響應計算分析物濃度。 2、 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所測量的電響應 係在預疋時間通過試樣的電流。 3、 如申清專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所測量的電響應 係自試樣偵測時間至預定時間通過試樣的電荷。 4、 如申清專利範圍第1項之方法,又包括於預定時間以 後施加一第二預定電壓,及在施加第二預定電壓以後測 量一第二電響應。 5、 如申请專利範圍第4項之方法,其中第二電響應係通 過試樣之電流的衰減率。 6、 如申凊專利範圍第4項之方法,其中第二電響應係在 -預疋的時間間隔期間,於施加第二電壓以後通過試樣 之電荷。 -14 - 本紙張尺度$用中國國家標準---一· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 510970 8 00 8 99 ABCD 申請專利範圍 一裡測置生物流体試樣的分析物濃度之測量計,生物 流体已施加於一診斷條的工作與參考電極之間,測量計 包括電連通之下列項目: (a)用於施加一預定電流於工作與參考電極之間的裝 置, & (b) 用於監視電極之間的電位差的裝置, (c) 用於決定電位差下降至低於一預定臨限電壓的時 機以指示試樣偵測的裝置, (d) 響應於試樣偵測以施加一預定的恆定電壓至試 的裝置, ° 7 (e) 用於測量所產生之電響應的裝置,及 (Ο利用測量的電響應計算分析物濃度的裝置。 8如申明專利範圍第7項之測聋計,其中用於測量所產 生之電響應的裝置係安培計。 9、如申請專利範圍第7項之測量計,其中用於測量所產 生之電響應的裝置係庫侖計。 10:如申請專利範圍第7項之測量計,又包括用於施加一 -預定電壓至試樣的裝置,以及用於測量所產生之一 第二電響應的裝置。 L如申請專利範圍第1G項之測量計,其+用於測量所 產生之一第二電響應的裝置係安培計。 12士如_請專利範圍第1()項之測量計,其中用於測量所 產生之一第二電響應的裝置係庫侖計。 =種測3:生物流体試樣的分析物濃度之方法,生物 体知加至-電化學診斷條,診斷條的型式為包含並列 四7公爱)
    (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ' I ί I . -裝--------訂------丨_______
    的工作與參考電極,方法包括·· (a) 施加一預定的恆定電流源於工作與參考電極之間 (b) 監視電極之間的電位差, (c) 施加試樣至診斷條, (d) 藉由注意電位差下降至低於一預定臨限電壓的時 機,以決定試樣偵測時間, (e) 施加一預定的恆定電壓至試樣, (f )在一第一預定時間以後,施加一第二預定電壓至 試樣, (g) 在第一預定時間以後,於一預定時間測量一電響 應,及 (h) 利用測量的電響應計算分析物濃度。 14、 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中所測量的電響 應係通過試樣之電流的衰減率。 15、 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中所測量的電響 應係在一預定的時間間隔期間,於施加第二預定電壓以 後通過試樣之電荷。 • I----------^裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂: 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -\6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CMS)Αί埯烙(210 X 297公呈)
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