TW493260B - Method for preparing a conductive pad for electrical connection and conductive pad formed - Google Patents

Method for preparing a conductive pad for electrical connection and conductive pad formed Download PDF

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Publication number
TW493260B
TW493260B TW090100408A TW90100408A TW493260B TW 493260 B TW493260 B TW 493260B TW 090100408 A TW090100408 A TW 090100408A TW 90100408 A TW90100408 A TW 90100408A TW 493260 B TW493260 B TW 493260B
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Taiwan
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layer
patent application
copper
scope
item
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TW090100408A
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English (en)
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Carlos J Sambucetti
Daniel C Edelstein
John G Gaudiello
Judith M Rubino
George Walker
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Ibm
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/47Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L24/48Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
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    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1603Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C18/1607Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by direct patterning
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    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
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    • H01L21/50Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
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    • H01L23/53204Conductive materials
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  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)

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HfyjZOU -----_ 五、發明說明(1 ) fjg領域 、本發明:般係關於供形成電氣連接用之導電蟄之方法及 :f心導%墊以及更特別關於供形成電氣連接至接線結 合或是焊料凸塊用之導電鈿、 %別墊表面炙万法以及所形成之導 電銅墊。 tjg背景 在半導體製造中,積 ’、%路(I c)晶片可以在最終處理步 驟中以封裝组合。該組人拉抽、Μ ^ 口 口封裝t後可以連接至印刷電路板 成爲大私路·^邵分。爲建立與積體電路晶片之電氣通訊, 接線焊接處理或是焊料凸塊處理可用以連接該1C晶片上之 多重焊塾至外部電路。 在典型IC晶片中,作用電路元件如電晶體、電阻器等爲 位於中央邵分,亦即1C晶片作用區而焊墊爲配置在圍繞該 作用區周圍,如此作用電路元件在後續壓焊處理期間不可 能損毀。當執行接線焊接處理時,該處理藉由以超音波能 量將二者溶化在一起而承擔金或鋁接線壓焊至晶片上之烊 蟄。該接線之後在該焊墊形成之後由該焊墊拉開。該接線 拉開處理經常造成已知爲焊墊離地之缺陷。由於該問題在 附接金線至焊墊處理期間發生,所以高位準應力置放於該 焊墊上,亦即相當大、重之黏著劑置放於該些具有不良附 著力至下層之層上。 例如,影響介於該些層之間附著之一因素爲在後續高溫 處理期間TiN形成之擴散障礙層共同使用於防止無擴散至 下導電層中。利用之擴散障礙層,亦即TiN、TiW或是其他 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) - »· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493260 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 ------ —___五、發明說明(2) 適當合金沒有強力附著至該焊墊之下氧化層。這是導致焊 塾離地缺陷之-原因。其他原因如高壓焊應力以及高拉離 力更進一步促成該離地問Μ。多》,離地問題發生在介於石夕 sili導電層與絕緣(亦即Si〇2)層之間之介面。 除了藉由銘或金線形成電氣連接之接線焊接處理以外, 該焊料凸塊(亦稱”C4”)處理亦已經使用於附接一晶片至一 封裝以供由焊墊至第二位準封裝或是電路板之電子訊號傳 輸。該焊料凸塊處理已經由ΙβΜ公司更獨有地使用,然而 大多數1C工業已經使用接線焊接技術。在傳統接線焊接處 理中,晶片表面上之烊塾由銘形成,該焊塾容易藉由高度 ^動工具提供本身至銘或是金線附接。然而,以銅技術之 最近導入,纟中1C晶片線後端(BE〇L)之所有接線爲銅接線 ,該焊料凸塊及鋁或是銅接線焊接已經藉由銅焊墊上之直 接處理或是藉由該Cu墊上圖案化之適當幻蓋與介於αι = Cu之間之適當薄膜障礙金屬相加而加以執行,以防止它們 互相擴散(亦即,1999年5月19日申請之IBM專利申請案幹 案案號爲打999-078號,取名爲"健全之互連結構"之申請^ 在此處以提及之方式併入本文中)。 銅塾上之直接接線焊接不能容易地執行,因爲在純銅上 藉由鋁或金線形成之接線焊接受到腐蝕、氧化以及加熱擴 散問題。至銅墊之直接接線焊接爲不可靠以及受到失效。、 鋁墊蓋技術增加顯著成本,因爲除了沈積以外增加平版印 刷圖案(遮罩)及蝕刻循環。所以提供無遮罩解答於銅焊墊 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱了 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 鑛 --------訂---------*^1 . -n I ϋ ϋ - ^260 ^260 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明說明(3) 之接線焊接,亦即可以在1(:工業中使用之銅晶片之焊墊在 商業上具有重大意義。 & 所以本發明之一目的爲提供製備供電氣連接用之導電墊 表面之方法,該方法沒有傳統方法之缺失或短絀。 土 本發明之另一目的爲提供藉由接線焊接或是焊料凸塊處 理而製備供電氣連接用之導電墊表面之方法。 7本發明之另一目的爲提供藉由首先形成一保護層以及之 後形成附著層在銅墊表面上而製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表 面 < 方法,二層不需要額外光罩及蝕刻處理而完成。(η的 年5月14日申請之IBM專利申請案檔案案號爲以998_ΐ8ι號 ,取名爲”銅C4及接線焊接之自我對準腐蝕停止"之申請案 在此處以提及之方式併入本文中)。 本發明之另一目的爲提供藉由首先在銅墊表面上沈積包 含磷或硼金屬合金之保護膜層而製備供電氣連接用之銅墊 表面之方法。 本發明之另一目的爲提供藉由沈積惰性金屬附著層在先 前形成在該銅墊表面上之保護層頂部上而製備供電1連接 用之銅墊表面之方法。 本發明之另一目的爲提供製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,該方法尚包含在該保護層沈積之前沈積惰性金屬 長晶層在該銅整表面上之步驟。 本發明之另一目的爲提供用於形成電氣連接之導電塾, 在該導電墊上包含銅墊表面、銅墊表面上之保護層以及在 —-J 1 -----------------^ I ----- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -6 - A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 包 由 可 溶 及 之 五、發明說明(4) 該保護層頂部上之 供電氣連接。 E^共使用接線焊接或焊料 凸塊提 本發明之另-目的爲提供用於提供 〇 ’孩結構包含銅墊表面、銅’ “妾心%軋結構 著層積體形成之接料接或焊料㈣之^^^。及與該附 連=二是焊料凸塊製備供電氣 m, 万Μ及措由該方法形成之裝置。 方去二?,實施例中,製備供電氣連接用之銅蟄表面之 万法可以猎由首先提供銅墊 合金之保嗜膜屛/母細备主沈知包含磷或硼之金屬 ^ ^、5 土表面上以及沈積惰性金屬附著層 在保濩膜層上之操作步驟而完成。 ^供電氣連接用之銅塾表面之方法尚可以包含在該保 濩層沈積之前沈積惰性金屬長晶層在銅墊表面上之步驟。 孩方法尚可以包含在酸溶液中潔淨該銅塾表面以及沈積惰 性金屬長晶層在銅塾表面上之步驟。該長晶層可以麵或是 鈀極微粒子沈積。雖然可以使用其他惰性金屬如釕及銖極 =粒子,但是1>(1極微粒子爲最共通使用。該方法尚可以 含在長晶層沈積之後以水沖洗銅墊表面之步驟,或是藉 無電電鍍技術沈積保護層之步驟。沈積保護層之步驟尚 以包含將該銅墊表面與無電槽之加熱緩衝溶液接觸,該 液包含鈷離子、鎢離子、硼酸、擰檬酸鹽離子、醋酸以 次磷酸鉛,·以及之後將該銅墊表面與加熱無電溶液接觸 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) t--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 493260 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(5) 步驟,該溶液包含鎳離子、檸檬酸鹽離子、硼酸、次磷酸 納或是乙氣基甲棚完。 在製備供電氣連接用之銅塾表面之方法中,該附著層可 以由選自Au、Pt、Pd及Ag組成之群組之金屬形成。該附 著層可以藉由將1C沈浸至沈浸Au溶液中而形成。該附著層 可以由惰性金屬形成爲介於大約5〇〇 A與大約4,〇〇〇 A之間 之厚度。包含磷或硼之金屬合金可以選自Ni-p、c〇_p、c〇_ W-P、Co-Sn-P、Ni-W-P、CoB、Ni-B、Co.Sn-B、Co-W-B 以 及Ni - W-B組成之群組。該保護層可以由包含c 〇或Ni之嶙 或金屬合金形成爲介於大約1 000 A與大約1〇,〇〇〇 A之間 之厚度。該方法尚可以包含藉由無電電鍍技術沈積惰性金 屬層在孩附著層頂部上之步驟,如此該惰性金屬層總厚度 爲介於大約2,000 A與大約12,000 A之間。該保護層尚可以 包含二分離層,各層爲包含磷或硼之金屬合金,例如,該 保護層可以爲Co- W - P及Ni- P合成物層。該保護層可以更 進一步爲Ni-P或是Co-W-P,而該附著層可以爲Au。該保 護層可以更進一步爲Ni_P,而該附著層爲沈浸Au及無電 P d。孩方法尚可以包含形成銅墊在矽晶圓、矽鍺晶圓或是 絕緣體上矽晶圓之底材上之步驟。 製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面之方法尚可以包含將晶圓 切成小片,其中該銅墊表面位於單獨1C晶片中;以及形成 接線焊接在銅墊表面上之步驟。該方法尚可以包含將晶圓 切成小片’其中該銅墊表面位於1(3晶片中;以及形成焊料 凸塊在該銅墊表面上以供形成電氣連接之步驟。形成之焊 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I ' .線_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 297公釐) 493260 五、發明說明(6) 料凸塊可以爲藉由瘵發、電鍍、絲網印刷或是注入鑄模技 術形成之P b / S η焊料球。 本發明更it -步指示用於形成電氣連接之導電塾,上面 包各銅墊表面、在孩銅墊表面上之包含磷或硼之金屬合金 以及該保護層上之惰性金屬附著層,其中該附著層以接線 焊接或是焊料凸塊提供電氣連接。 用於形成電氣連接之導電墊,上面尚可以包含惰性金屬 長晶層介於該銅墊表面與保護層之間。該導電墊尚可以包 含鈀、釕或是銖極微粒子長晶層於該銅墊表面與保護層之 間。該保護層可以由選自Ni_P、C〇_p、c〇U、c〇_Sn_p、
Ni-W-P、Co-B、Νι-Β、Co-Sn-B、Co-W-B 以及 Ni-W-B 組成 之群組之材料形成。該保護層可以具有介於大約1^0 A與 大約10,000 A之間之厚度,較佳爲大約3〇〇〇 A。該導電墊 尚可以包含惰性金屬層於該附著層頂部上形成該惰性金屬 層之厚度介於大約2,000 A與大約12,〇〇〇 A之間,較佳爲大 約9,000 A。孩保護層尚可以包含二分離層,各層爲包含磷 或硼之金屬合金,緊密結合在一起。該二分離層可以爲 Co-W-P及Ni-P。該附著層可以爲選自Au、pt、pd及Ag 之一層。4附著層可以具有介於大約5〇〇 A與大約4,〇〇〇人 之間之厚度。該保護層可以爲Ni-P或是c〇_w_p,而該附 著層可以爲Au。該保護層可以爲Nl_P,而該附著層可以爲 沈浸Au及無電Pd。該導電墊可以形成銅墊在矽晶圓、矽鍺 晶圓或是絕緣體上矽晶圓之底材上。該電氣連接可以由接 線焊接或是焊料凸塊形成。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493260 A7 B7 五、發明說明(7) 本發明更進一步指示用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構,該 結構包含銅墊表面、銅墊表面上之包含磷或硼之金屬合金 保護層、孩保護層頂邵上之惰性金屬附著層以及與該附著 層組成之電氣連接。該電氣連接可以爲接線焊接或焊料凸 塊。 用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構尚可以包含介於該銅墊表 面與保護層之間之惰性金屬長晶層,該長晶層可以由鈀、 釕或是銖極微粒子形成。該附著層可以由選自Au、pt、pd 及Ag之金屬形成。該保護層可 P、Co-Sn-P、Nl-W-P、Co-B、Ni-B、C〇-Sn_B、c〇_Wj 以及 Ni-W-B組成之群組之金屬合金形成。該電氣結構尚可以 包含沈積在該附著層頂部上之惰性金屬層,如此該惰性金 屬層之總厚度爲介於大約2,〇〇〇 A與大約i2,〇〇〇 A之間。該 電氣結構尚可以包含矽晶圓、矽鍺晶圓或是絕緣體上矽晶 圓之底材,該銅墊表面位於該底材上。 圖式之簡軍説明 本發明這些目的、態樣以及優點依據規範及附圖考慮將 變成明顯,其中: 圖1爲具有在頂部連接之接線焊接之本發明銅導電墊之放 大橫截面圖;以及 圖2爲具有在頂部形成之焊料凸塊之本發明銅導電墊之放 大橫截面圖。 車交佳具體實施例之詳細説明 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 x 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) - -------^---------^ I - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493260 i》、y 年月第 第響發¥mma 號專利申請案 I修正頁(90年12月) A7 B7 五、發明説明(8 ) ~' 本發明揭示藉由接線焊接或是焊料凸塊製備供電氣連接 用之銅蟄表面之方法。本發明更進一步揭示用於在其上面 形成電氣連接之銅墊表面,以及用於提供電氣連接之電氣 結構’该結構包含形成在銅塾表面頂部上之接線焊接或是 焊料凸塊。 在用於製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面之方法中,首先提 供銅塾表面,包含磷或硼金屬合金之保護層之後沈積在銅 蟄表面上以及惰性金屬附著層之後沈積在該保護層上以供 使用接線焊接或是焊料凸塊形成電氣連接。該方法尚可以 包含在遠保謾層沈積之前首先沈積惰性金屬如鈀長晶層在 該銅墊表面上之步驟。在該長晶層沈積之前,該銅墊表面 可以藉由酸溶液潔淨。該保護層由包含磷或硼金屬合金或 是Ni-P、Co-W-P形成。該保護層形成為介於大約ιοοο a 與大約l〇,〇〇〇 A之間之厚度,較佳為大約3,〇〇〇 A與大約 7,000 A之間之厚度。 本發明k供一處理,該處理藉由自我對準、選擇性技術 允許銅墊直接接線壓焊在電子晶片上,該技術首先沈積複 合金屬障礙層在該銅墊上。該障礙層保護該銅表面免於擴 散及腐蝕,而同時掩·供可靠之接線壓焊能力。此處揭示之 處理可用以沈積該障礙金屬在銅晶圓上,切成小片及測試 該接線壓焊品質具有令人滿意結果。 本發明藉由連續及選擇性(無遮罩)沈積障礙金屬在該銅表 面上而在銅墊上完成接線壓焊或是焊料凸塊,同時允許該 銅墊表面保護及可靠接線壓焊性質。所以本發明藉由蒸 • 11 - 493260 A7 五、發明說明(。 :或:濺錢消除沈積銘層在該銅塾上之其他必要可遮罩相 代m即昂貴之替代方案方法。本發明之障礙層可: 精由典電電鍍技術加以沈積,該技術爲選擇性及自我對準 。所以本發明不需要任何光處理步驟,以及選擇性(無遮= )’ 步驟或是昂貴遮罩對準程序或是昂貴㈣步驟 如铭之Rm。藉由本發明新顆方法提供之銅/障礙層之接線 壓焊或是烊料凸塊提供許多優點,包含優越附著至鋼、在 熱處理下防止銅原子擴散至該障礙層之保護,保護鋼表面 腐蝕以及惰性金屬沈積在該障礙層最終頂層上,允許優等 附著及附接至銅墊之鋁或是金線拉力。 在本發明新穎方法中,如圖i所示,在銅晶片處理之線後 端(BEOL)上之銅墊12之表面14首先藉由一連串化學步驟 加以修正。例如,藉由第一銅擴散障礙層16之無電沈積。 該第一擴散障礙層1 6由金屬合金材料如Ni-p、c〇_w_p、
Co-Sn-P、Ni-W-P、Co-B、Ni-B、Co-Sn-B、C〇-W_B 以及 Ni_ W-Βι包含磷或硼金屬合金沈積。該第一擴散障礙層之適 當厚度可以爲介於大約ι,οοο A與大約10,000 a之間。以及 較佳爲大約3,000 A與大約7,000 A之間。在此撰寫之正文 中’該文字,f大約”意義爲平均爲既定値± i 〇 〇/〇範圍内之値。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在該第一擴散障礙層1 0沈積之後,第二層1 8藉由使用沈 )冗A u ;谷液之沈次沈和技術沈積在該第一擴散障礙層1 6上。 第二層18之適當厚度爲介於大約500 A與大約4,〇〇〇 A之間 ,以及較佳爲介於大約1,000 A與大約2,〇〇〇 A之間。第一 擴散障礙層16,亦即保護層以及第二層18二者沈積爲雙層 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公釐) A7 —----- B7___ 五、發明說明(1〇) ~^ 2 〇,提供銅保護及可靠之接線焊接結構。另外,第三層(不 在圖1中顯示)可以藉由無電AU沈積技術加在第二層1 8頂部 上以增加最終Au層厚度爲介於大約4,〇〇〇 A與大約i〇,〇〇〇 a 之間,以及較佳爲介於大約4,00〇 A與大約6,000 a之間。 第三層Au之目的爲允許較容易接線壓焊參數及較大接線烊 接附著力。 本發明擴教障礙層1 6另外在下列例子中形成··
例子A 在此例子中,形成Cu/Co_w-P(1,〇〇〇A)/Ni-P(5,〇〇〇 A)/ 沈浸Au(2,000 A)/無電All(3,〇〇〇 A)之多層堆疊。相對應擴 散障礙層結構亦可以硼取代磷而形成。
例子B 在此例子中,利用藉由Cu/Ni_P(5,000 A)/沈浸AU(1,000_ 2,000 A)代表之單一結構以及呈現Cu/c〇-W-p(5,000 A)/沈浸
Au(2,000 A)。磷藉由硼取代之相對應接線壓焊結構亦可以 形成。
例子C 在此例子中’提供 Cu/Ni-P(5,000 A)/沈浸 Au(l,000_2,000 A)/無電Pd之多層堆疊。磷藉由硼取代之相對應接線壓焊 結構可以更進一步利用。 在實施本發明新穎方法時,包含多層銅接觸墊之銅晶圓 首先藉由沈浸在稀釋硫酸溶液中以由銅表面移除氧化物而 加以潔淨。該晶圓之後藉由沈浸在鈀離子溶液中以建立p d 金屬核數在该銅表面上而加以啓動。該晶圓之後在擰檬酸 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A_r^r(21〇 x 297公爱j- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ^---------線 — --------------!---------- 493260 五 __ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 發明說明(11) 鈉或是EDTA溶液中沖洗以由底材以及由晶圓表面上之墊間 區域移除過量Pd核。該晶圓接著沈浸在本發明無電槽$, 因此了層c〇p、Nl-P、C0-W-p、c〇_Sn_p以及包含硼而 非磷ι相對應合金沈積在該銅表面上,依據將沈積在該鋼 表面上之合金種類,在各案例中使用可能不同及獨特之特 定槽組合。在大量沖洗操作之後,該晶圓接著顯露於商業 上可使用之沈浸A u溶液。最後,依據所需結構,一額外及 最終無電Au層具有介於大約3,〇〇〇 a與大約5,〇〇〇 A之間之 厚度及/或另外相同厚度之p d層可以加在該沈浸a u層上。 成功之接線焊接3 0或是焊料凸塊4 〇之後形成在該多層堆疊 頂部上,如圖1及圖2所示。 本發明無電電鍍方法可以藉由首先沈浸晶圓表面在無電 槽之加熱緩衝洛液及啓動(藉由P d離子)而完成,該溶液包 含鉛離子、硼酸、檸檬酸鹽離子、ppm位準之醋酸鹽及次铸 酸鉛。該銅墊表面因此塗層〗,〇〇〇 一 2,〇〇〇 A Co-P層之附著層 ,接著以大量水沖洗。該晶圓表面之後沈浸至不同加熱之 無電溶液中,該溶液包含鎳離子、擰檬酸鹽離子、硼酸以 及磷酸鹽鈉或是乙境氨基甲硼燒,其中依據使用之槽,具 有介於大約5,000 A與大約7,000 A之間之厚度之一層NiP或 是NiB沈積在該銅上,接著以大量水沖洗。在沈積之最終步 驟中,該晶圓表面沈浸在商業可使用之沈浸A u槽中以沈積 介於大約1,000 A與大約2,000 A之間之一新層Au在無電電 鍍銅墊表面1 4上。 14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -
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次口圖2所示 ^ 、,坪竹凸塊4〇 技術沈積在烊料材二 雖然本發明已經以解 用 > 沪二五立固 睪丨生万式說明,但是必須瞭解所使 用《切意圖為說明文字特性而非限制。 此外’雖然本發明辦 . σ ^ 、,二^較佳及替代方案具體實施例加 以說明’但是將體會那虺 m ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 一…知相關技蟄之人士將容易地應 用k些技術至本發明其他可能變化。 本發明具體實施例其中當之 下。 一炙特殊性質或是利益定義如 10 導電墊 12 鋼塾 14 表面 16 第一(銅)擴散障礙層 18 第二層 2〇 雙層 30 接線焊接 40 焊料凸塊 -15-

Claims (1)

  1. 493260 A8 B8 C8 D8 2. 6. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 申請專利範圍 一種製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面之方法,該方法包括 下列步驟: 提供銅塾表面; 選擇性沈積包含磷或硼金屬合金之保護層在該銅墊表 面上;以及 選擇性沈積一惰性金屬之附著層在該保護層頂部上。 如申請專利範圍第〗項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,尚包括在該保護層之前選擇性沈積一惰性金屬 之長晶層在該銅塾表面上之步驟。 一種製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面之方法,該方法尚包 括下列步驟: 在谷液中潔淨該銅整表面;以及 選擇性沈和一惰性金屬之長晶層在該銅塾表面上。 如申請專利範圍第2項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,其中該長晶層以鈀沈積。 如申請專利範圍第3項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 I万法,尚包括在該長晶層沈積之後以水沖洗該銅墊表 面之步驟。 土 如申請專利範圍第〗項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,尚包括藉由無電電鍍技術沈積該保護層之步騍。 如申請專利範圍第丨項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊^面 之方法,其中該保護層沈積步驟,尚包括下列步驟. -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂- •線· 493260 A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 將該銅墊表面與無電槽之加熱緩衝溶液接觸,該溶液 包含姑離子、硼酸、檸檬酸鹽離子、醋酸以及次磷酸鉛 ;以及 將該銅墊表面與加熱之無電溶液接觸,該溶液包含鎳 離子、擰檬酸鹽離子、硼酸、次磷酸鈉或是乙烷氨基甲 石朋燒。 如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法’其中該附著層由選自All、pt、Pd及Ag組成之 群組之金屬形成。 如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 I方法’其中該附著層爲藉由沈浸該晶圓至沈浸All溶 液中而形成。 10.如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,其中該附著層可以由惰性金屬形成爲介於大約 5〇〇 A與大約4,000 A之間之厚度。 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法’其中該包含磷或硼之金屬合金係選自奶_?、(:0- P、Co-W-P、Co-Sn-P、Ni-w-p、Co-B、Ni-B、Co-Sn-B、 Co-W-B以及Ni-W-B組成之群組。 1 2.如申請專利範圍第丨項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 I方法,其中孩保護層由包含磷或硼之金屬合金形成爲 介於大約1,000 A與大約1〇,〇〇〇 A之厚度。 1 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,尚包括藉由無電電鍍技術沈積惰性金屬層在該 8· 9. (請先閱讀背面之注咅?事項再填寫本頁) 訂-· |線· -17- 申請專利範圍 A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印 附著層頂部上之步驟,如此該惰性金屬層總厚度爲介於 大約2,000 A與大約12,〇〇〇 A之間。 14. 如申請專利範圍第!項之製備供電氣連接用之銅塾表面 (方法’其中該保護層包括二分離層,各層爲包含鱗或 硼之金屬合金。 15. 如中請專利範圍第i项之製備供電氣連接用之銅整表面 之方法,其中该保護層爲c0_ w_p及Ni ·P合成物層,該 附著層爲A U。 I6·如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,其中該保護層爲Ni-P或是Co-W-P,而該附著層爲A u。 17·如申請專利範圍第丨項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 又方法,其中該保護層爲Ni-P,而該附著層爲沈浸Au 及無電Pd。 1 8 ·如申請專利範圍第2項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,尚包括沈積該長晶層之多數?d極微粒子之步驟。 1 9 .如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表 之方法’其中該銅塾表面提供在選自石夕晶圓、石夕錯晶 或疋絕緣體上石夕晶圓組成之群組之底材上。 2 0 ·如申請專利範圍第i項之製備供電氣連接用之銅塾表 之方法,尚包括下列步驟: 將晶圓切成小片,其中該晶圓上之銅墊表面位於單獨 IC晶片中;以及 形成接線焊接在該銅塾表面上。 面 圓 面 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------tr---------^ — · -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) A8 B8 C8 D8
    申凊專利範圍 1.如申請專利範圍第1項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,尚包括下列步驟: 知Θ曰圓切成小片,其中該晶圓上之銅墊表面位於單獨 I c晶片中;以及 形成ί于料凸塊在該銅墊表面上以供形成電氣連接。 22·如申請專利範圍第21項之製備供電氣連接用之銅墊表面 之方法,其中形成之該焊料凸塊爲藉由絲網印刷或是注 入鑄模技術形成之Pb/Sn焊料球。 23. —種用於在其上面形成電氣連接之導電墊,該導電墊包 括: ,土 一銅塾表面; 在該銅墊表面上之包含磷或硼之金屬合金之保護層; 以及 β θ ’ 在該保護層頂部上之惰性金屬之附著層,該附著層以 接線焊接或是焊料凸塊提供電氣連接。 24·如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,尚包括介於該銅墊表面與該保護層之間之惰性 金屬之長晶層。 25 ·如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,尚包括介於該銅墊表面與該保護層之間之鈀極 微粒子之長晶層。 < 26.如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該保護層由選自Ni_P、c〇_p、CQ_w_p、& (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
    申請專利範圍 Sn-P、Ni-W-P、Co-B、Ni-B、Co-Sn-B、Co-W-B 以及 Ni- W - B組成之群組之材料形成。 27·如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該包含磷或硼之金屬之保護層具有介於大 約1,000 A與大約10,000 A之間之厚度。 2 8 ·如申請專利範圍第2 3項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,尚包括該附著層頂部上之惰性金屬層形成該惰 性金屬層之組合厚度爲介於大約2,000 A與大約12,000 A 之間。 2 9 .如申請專利範圍第2 3項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電塾’其中該保護層尚包括二分離層,各層爲包含蹲 或硼之金屬合金,緊密結合在一起。 3〇.如申請專利範圍第29項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該二分離層可以爲c〇-w_p及Ni_P。 3 1 ·如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電塾,其中該附著層係選自Au、Pt、Pd及Ag組成之 群組之一層。 32. 如申請專利範園第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該附著層具有介於大約5〇〇 A與大約4〇〇〇 A之間之厚度。 ’ 33. 如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電整,其中該保護層爲或是c〇_w_p,而該附著 層爲A u。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -線. 經濟部智慧財產局員Η消費合作社印製 -20 - 、申請專利範圍 34.如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成 導電墊,其中該保護層爲Ni-P,而該附著 及無電Pd。 彳 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 35·如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上 , 成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該導電墊形成銅墊在矽晶圓、 〇 , Η 吵錯晶圓或 疋、、、邑緣體上石夕晶圓之底材上。 36. 如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該電氣連接由接線焊接形成。 37. 如申請專利範圍第23項之用於在其上面形成電氣連接之 導電墊,其中該電氣連接由焊料凸塊形成。 3 8· —種用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構,該結構包括: 一銅塾表面; 銅墊表面上之包含磷或硼之金屬合金之保護層; 該保護層頂部上之惰性金屬之附著層;以及 與該附著層集成之電氣連接。 3 9 .如申請專利範圍第3 8項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構 ’其中$亥%氣連接爲接線焊接或焊料凸塊。 40·申請專利範圍第38項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構, 尚包括介於該銅墊表面與保護層之間之惰性金屬長晶層。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 1 ·如申請專利範圍第4 〇項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構 ,其中該長晶層爲鈀極微粒子。 4 2 ·如申請專利範圍第3 8項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構 ,其中該附著層由選自Au、Pt、Pd及Ag組成之群組之 金屬形成。 -21 - ‘紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ^i260
    六、申請專利範圍 4 3 44 4 5 ’如申請專利範圍第3 8項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構 ’其中該保護層由選自Ni_P、Co_P、Co-W-P、Co-Sn-P、 Ni-W-P、c〇-B、Ni-B、Co-Sn-B、Co-W-B 以及Ni-W-B 組 成之群組之金屬合金形成。 •如申請專利範圍第3 8項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構 ’尚包括沈積在該附著層頂部上之惰性金屬層,如此該 附著層之總厚度爲介於大約2,〇〇〇 A與大約12,000 A之間。 •如申請專利範圍第3 8項之用於提供電氣連接之電氣結構 ,尚包括銅墊位於上面之矽晶圓、矽鍺晶圓或是絕緣體 上石夕晶圓之底材。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2〗〇 x 297公釐)
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CN100386857C (zh) 2008-05-07
US6335104B1 (en) 2002-01-01
KR20010083160A (ko) 2001-08-31
SG90233A1 (en) 2002-07-23
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MY119885A (en) 2005-07-29
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