TW436754B - Method and apparatus for processing video pictures, in particular for large area flicker effect reduction - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for processing video pictures, in particular for large area flicker effect reduction Download PDF

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TW436754B
TW436754B TW088114157A TW88114157A TW436754B TW 436754 B TW436754 B TW 436754B TW 088114157 A TW088114157 A TW 088114157A TW 88114157 A TW88114157 A TW 88114157A TW 436754 B TW436754 B TW 436754B
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Carlos Correa
Sebastien Weitbruch
Rainer Zwing
Gangolf Hirtz
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Thomson Brandt Gmbh
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/291Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/2033Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames with splitting one or more sub-frames corresponding to the most significant bits into two or more sub-frames
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/2029Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames the sub-frames having non-binary weights
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0247Flicker reduction other than flicker reduction circuits used for single beam cathode-ray tubes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0266Reduction of sub-frame artefacts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/204Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames the sub-frames being organized in consecutive sub-frame groups
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S348/00Television
    • Y10S348/91Flicker reduction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Control Of Gas Discharge Display Tubes (AREA)

Description

^36754 五、發明說明(1) 理方i Πΐ關於尤指減少大面積閃爍效應之視頻圖像處 盖體而言,本發明密切關係到-種視頻處理,以改 。陣顯不器,像電漿顯示屏(PDP),具有數位式& 變理a ^ 、裝置,以基於光射任務循環調變(脈寬調 變)原理的各種顯示器等所顯示的圖 背景 趣日@ Γ電漿顯示屏已公知多年,在電視機廠家方面卻興 β。誠然,此頊技術可達成大型的平坦彩色屏,深度 咏推i不會有任何視角拘束。顯示器的尺寸遠較傳統CRT 映像官所容許者為大。 ^見最近生產的歐洲電視機,費很多精力於改進其圖 因此’巫需提供像電漿顯示技術等新技術製造的 視機’可嫂美或優於舊式的標準電視技術。 電漿續示屏利用只能切換「開」或「關」的放電電池 之矩陣排列。與灰調以光射類比控制表現的CRT或LCD不同 在PDP裡的灰調是藉調變每框的光脈波數來控制。此項 人間調變可利用眼睛經過相當於眼睛時間響應之期間來整 合°對靜態圖像而言,此項時間調變本身重複的基礎頻率 等於所顯示視頻基準的框頻。由CRT技術已知,基礎頻 率為50赫之光射,引進大面積閃爍,可在100赫CRT電視接 收機内’利用圖場複演率消除。 與CRT相反的是,光射的任務循環極短,pDp内的光射 任務循環對中度灰而言為〜5〇 %。此減少光譜内因此大面
第6頁 436754 五、發明說明(2) 積閃爍假象内50赫頻率成份之幅度,但由於pDp尺寸較大 ’有較大視角,即使減少大面積閃爍,在圖像品質方面仍 不能接受。增加PDP尺寸和亮度的目前趨勢,也會使問題 在未來更加惡化。 發明概要 本發明之目的’在於揭示特別是在5〇赫視頻基準的 PDP内減少大面積閃爍假象之方法和裝置,不會引起類似 100赫電視接收機所需的額外成本。 此項目的可由‘申請專利範圍第丨和9項之措施達成。 按照申請專利範園第1項的解決方案,減少大面積效 應是利用框週的最佳副場組織為之。圖素的副場是以二連 續組加以組織’而對圖素值指定編碼字,於有源副組期間 ’平均分配於二副場組。 此項方案的效果是,與使用唯一副場組的副場紕織相 較’ 5 0赫頻率成份實質減少s 5 〇赫重照明時期的重複,以 1 0 0赫小照明時期的重複所代替。使用此法,實際上不加 額外成本,惟稍微增加PDP控制的複雜性。 本發明較佳的附加具體例,載於申請專利範圍各附屬 項。使用二副場組(最重要的副場)相同結構,有助於確 保二照明時期有類似的特性(見申請專利範圍第2項)[最 不重要的副場權值小,不會引起重大的大面積閃爍。此即 何以最不重要副場不需在二副場組内一致的理由。 為了在一如錄影機或視頻遊樂器中所發生之水平線同 步k號變化申,亦可顯示非標準視頻信號,需用到無副場
^36754 五、發明說明(3) 定址之垂直遮沒期(見申請專利範圍第4項)。於此,垂直 遮沒期宜改用二垂直遮沒期,插入於每一對接續副場組之 間。此與1 00赫CRT質的電視接收機所發生者類似。 申請專利範圍第5項所請求的具體副場組織,有益於 50赫視頻基準’與NTSC等60赫視頻基準的最佳副場組織相 較,可容易使用更多副場,因為框週較長。 申請專利範圍第9項揭示之裝置較佳具體例,從申請 專利範圍第ί 0和1 1項即可明白。 圖式簡單説明’ 本發明具趙例如圖所示,可詳述如下□圖中 第1圖為PDP副場概念之說明圖; 第2圖為6 0赫視頻標準所用典型副場組織圖; 第3圖為5 0赫視頻標準所用新副場組織圖; 第4圖為本發明裝置之方塊圖。 較佳具體例之說明 在視頻處理場中,8位元表示亮度位階非常普遍。在 此情況下,各位階可以如下8位組合表示: 2。-1’ 2!=2, 22 = 4, 23 = 8, 24 = 16, 25 = 32, 26 = 64, 27:128 技術實現此種編碼計劃冑,框週要分成8個照明 期,吊稱為副場’各相當於8位元之一。位元2]=2之光脈 波為2。= 1之加倍,以此8副期的組合,即可建立該託6 二n=立階’例如灰調位階92即可有相當於位元編碼字 =00。須知副場係由許多同等幅度且同等期限的小 脈波組成1察者的眼睛不用動’可在約!個框週内整合
436754 五、發明說明(4) 全部期’而有正確灰調位階的印象’上述副場組織如第 1圖所示。 PDP的大部份發展係為60赫視頻標準,例如NTSC。對 此等視頻標準已知更好是使用精製之副場組織,以避免假 象,並改進圖像品質。 60赫視頻組織的常用副場組織例,見第2圖所示。副 場數增加至1 2個副場SF,副場之相對期限如第2圖所示。 當全部副場起動時,照明階段有2 5 5個相對時間翠位之相 對期限。選用255值‘是為了可以繼續使用上述亮度位階之8 位元表示,或PDP所用之RGB資料。七個最重要副場具有32 個相對時間單位之相對期限。在PDP技術場,副場的相對 期限富稱為副%「權值」,以下亦用此表達。各副場s F ’間 有小時期不發射光。此時期用於相對應電漿晶胞的設址。 最後副場之後’加不發射光的較長時期。此時期相當於視 頻標準的垂直遮沒時期。此垂直遮沒時期必須實施,以處 理VCR或視頻遊樂器等所發生的非標準視頻信號。 在此副場組織内灰調位階92的數位式表現,是例如 000001111100。此數字為12位元二進數,相當於12個副場 可在框週内,用來控制相對應圖素之照明脈波。須知在 同樣灰調位階,有少數其他可能的12位元編碼字存在,因 為事實上有七個副場寬度一致的權值。 第3圖表示本發明供&〇赫視頻標準用之新副場組織, 60赫視頻標準的框週為16.6ms,5〇赫為2〇ms,故5〇赫視頻 標準較長。此舉容許有更多副場設址在5〇赫視頻標準内。
436754 五、發明說明(5) 在第3圖所示實施例3内 因為時框增加時間大:-二::到^:不會增加成本, (14/12)。 八於剎场增加數,即(20.〇/16.6)> j場建構在二個分開的副場組G1,G2内。 在框週改為二垂直框遮沒期mi,vm,-町不知另一在二副場組之間。 =副場組有六個最重要副場相同’而最不重 同:最不重要副場的權值小,不會引進重大 ,此即何以不必也相同的理由。 爍 ,減少大面積_效應’亦應用副場編碼&,把 圖素值的焭度權值對稱分配於二副場組。=副^ 度權值小差異,指小小50赫亮度頻率 二免 爍的小位階。對於副場編碼法,+需複雜的:以= 256個不同灰調位階/圖素值的編碼字之相對應表。儲存 編碼號最好舉例說明°考慮灰調位階/圖辛值87 數可改寫成如下形式: I值Μ。此 87=3+44+40 Ρ分成三份,第一份3=(87修正4),是利用二 重要副場編螞。第二份和第三份必須乘4(因為事,' 二不 内的6個最重要副場具有乘4的權值),使盡量相等。二組 能相等’一如87的情況’要以第一組的副場編碼的第若不 ,應大於4。在實施例中,4 4是以G 1組的副場編碼,一份 是以第二組的副場編碼,使用此原則,最後電碼為.而4 〇 ΗΐΊΙ 第10頁 436754 五、發明說明(6) 87 = 1*1+1*4+0*8+1*1 6 + 1 *24 + 0*32 + 0*40 1^2 +0*4 +0*8 +1*16 +1^24 +0*32 +0*40 或 87 =45 +42 45=1+4+16+24 (1 組) 42 二 2 +16 +24 (2 組) 或 87 -00110010011011 以此編碼法,二副場組間的權值差異不超過5。 第二實施例可以灰調位階/圖素值9 2說明。 92 = 0 + 48 + 44 92 = p木1 + Q木4 +丄木8 +丄木1 6 +1求2 4 +豆木3 2 + 〇 * 4 0 0*2十丄木4 +旦木8 +丄*16 +丄*24 +立木32 +0*40 或 92 = 48 + 44 48 ==8 +16 +24 (1 組) 44 =4 + 1 6 + 24 ( 2 組) 或 92 =00110100011100 本發明裝置如第4圖所示,裝置可與PDP矩陣顯示器整 合在一起。亦可在分開箱内,要用電漿顯示屏連接。符號
436754 五、發明說明(7) "~" " - 10和全部裝置,視頻信號經由輸入線Vin鎮入裝置。Η指 視頻處理單位,其t視頻信號數位化,產生γ, υ· V,資料9。 電漿顯示以漸進掃描模式設址,交插視頻標準在此需要預 先轉換。對於交插一漸進掃描轉換,在技藝上已知有許多 解決方案可在此使用。PDP aRG]B資料作業時,亦可在此單 位内進行YUV/RGB資料轉換。所發生的RGB資料送到副場編 碼單位12❶其中對各RGB圖像值,可由表13選用相對應編 碼字。此等編碼字送到PDP丨〇的設址單位4内之框記^體 。以此等資料’設;y;單位丨4控制電漿顯示器丨5。 對60赫視頻基準而言,大面積閃爍效應不像5〇赫梘頻 標準那麼干擾。 第4圖所示方塊可以適當電腦程式(而非硬體組件)實 施。 本發明不限於所揭示具體例。可有各種修飾,均視同 在申清專利範圍内。例如所用副場數和權值,各具體例可 互異。 凡使用不同的PffM控制的各種顯示器,控制灰調位階 變化,均可應用本發明。
第12頁

Claims (1)

  1. 436754 六、申請專利範圍 二1. 一種尤指減少大面積閃爍效應之視頻圖像處理方法 ,,視頻圖像由圓素組成,圖素以數位方式編碼,數位編 碼予決定顯不器相對應圖素作動期間的時期長度,其中對 數位式編碼字的各位元,指定某一作動期限,以下稱副場 (SF),按照指定編碼字的副場(SF)期限合計,決定相對應 圖素作動期間的時期長度,其特徵為,圖素 ^ 織成二接續組(G1,g2),對圖素值指定編碼字 場時期平均分#於:副場組(G1,G2)h 把有^ G2 广專利M㈣1項之方法,其^副場組⑹, 至 >、在最重要的副場(SF)方面有相同的結構者。 3.如申請專利範圍第j或2項之方法,其中 的最後副場(SF)與第二組(G2)的第一副場(SF),八卩(G1) 段時間者。 π開系一 4_如申請專利範圍帛i項之方法,其中视頻 遮〉又期(VFB)分成二部份,第一部份(VFB丨)位於’ (G1)的最後副場和第二組(G2)的第一副場之間',一、 (VFB2)位在第二組(G2)的最後副場和次一框=第二組 之間者。 %的第一副場 5 _如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中 用於PAL和SECAM等50赫視頻基準, ’、 列副場组織 框週分成U副場(SF),在框週期間内 作動期間具有256個時間單位之相對期限時,^圖素最大 之副場(SF)具有如下期限: —組(G1)
    436754 六、申請專利範圍 副場數123456 7 8 16 24 32 40 而第二組(G2)的副場(SF)具有如下期限者。 -期限/相對j間箪位 1 2 2 3 56 7 4816 24 32 40 其中對框週為時20 第二組(G2)之第一其中為發生指定於 第一份為指定數( 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法 ms的PAL、SECAM等50赫視頻基準而言 副場是在框週開始後1 〇ms開始者。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法 圖素值之編碼字,將圖素值分成三份 .......^ ^ 特別是4)之圖素值係數,而第二和第三份係指定數之倍數 ’盡量相等,且其中第一份係以二組(Gi,G2)的最不重要
    436754 六、申請專利範固 一 --— : Ϊ二份是以第—組(G1)的最重要副場(SF),而 一疋以第一組(G2)的最重要副場編碼者。 8·如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中如第二和第三 伤不相等’則第二份應比第三份大指定數者。 9 —種尤指減少A自積閃燦效應之視 ,該視頻圖像由圖素組成,♦ 固像Ή 碼字決定顯示器相對應圖素數位編 .,,,, *作動期間的時期長唐,梵中斟 數位式編碼字的各位元,有# @ & /、 副場(SF),按照指走編碍U乍動期限相對應,以下稱 圓素在-框週内=限f定相對應 場組織,㈣素的副場分Π:::;⑹其=為:用副 碼機構(12, U),以便對所指定圖辛值發生二”有編 源副場時期平均分佈於G2)者1子,將有 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之裝置, 1 3 )包括電碼表(1 3 );對所 专蚀二機構(1 2, 者。 j圖素值儲存有編碼字 11. 如申請專利範圍第9或10項之 矩陣顯示器,尤指電漿或DMD顯示項器者' 其中裝置包括
    第15頁
TW088114157A 1998-08-19 1999-08-19 Method and apparatus for processing video pictures, in particular for large area flicker effect reduction TW436754B (en)

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