TW201921517A - 基板處理裝置、基板處理方法及記錄媒體 - Google Patents
基板處理裝置、基板處理方法及記錄媒體Info
- Publication number
- TW201921517A TW201921517A TW107132339A TW107132339A TW201921517A TW 201921517 A TW201921517 A TW 201921517A TW 107132339 A TW107132339 A TW 107132339A TW 107132339 A TW107132339 A TW 107132339A TW 201921517 A TW201921517 A TW 201921517A
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- substrate
- polishing
- brush
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- polishing brush
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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- H01L21/68764—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by a movable susceptor, stage or support, others than those only rotating on their own vertical axis, e.g. susceptors on a rotating caroussel
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- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68785—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by the mechanical construction of the susceptor, stage or support
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)
- Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
- Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本發明之課題係將基板之研磨對象面均一地研磨。 本發明之基板處理方法係藉一面將研磨刷(29)壓抵以水平姿勢繞鉛直軸線旋轉之基板(5)的研磨對象面,一面使研磨刷於水平方向移動,而研磨研磨對象面,該基板處理方法並一面使基板之旋轉速度及研磨刷之移動速度變化成隨著於基板之半徑方向測定的基板之旋轉中心(O)至研磨刷之中心(B)的距離之增大,基板之旋轉速度階段性地或連續地減小,且研磨刷之基板半徑方向的移動速度階段性地或連續地減小,一面進行研磨。
Description
本發明係有關於一種使用研磨刷來研磨基板之研磨對象面、例如背面之技術。
在半導體裝置之製造中,有將形成於半導體晶圓等基板表面之抗蝕膜曝光而賦予預定圖形之曝光製程。此時,當基板之背面有凹凸,會造成散焦。當基板之背面存在不易去除之晶舟痕跡、嵌入型異物粒子(embedment)及傷痕等缺陷時,於曝光前,使用擔載鑽石等硬質磨料顆粒之研磨刷來去除缺陷(參照專利文獻1)。
若要充分去除研磨對象面之凹凸,會有於基板之半徑方向的特定區域(例如中央部或周緣部)產生多及/或深之傷痕,抑或各區域之研磨量不均的情形。若未充分且均一地進行良好研磨,便會有對之後的製程造成不良影響之虞。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利公開公報2013-179252號
[發明欲解決之問題]
本發明之目的在於提供可均一地研磨基板之研磨對象面的技術。 [用以解決問題之手段]
根據本發明一實施形態,提供一種基板處理裝置,包含用以水平地保持著基板之基板保持部、用以使該基板保持部旋轉而使保持於該基板保持部之該基板繞鉛直軸線旋轉之旋轉驅動部、用以研磨該基板之研磨對象面的研磨刷、用以一面將該研磨刷壓抵以該基板保持部保持並旋轉之該基板,一面使該研磨刷於水平方向移動之研磨刷移動部、及用以控制該基板保持部與該研磨刷移動部之動作的控制部;該控制部將該旋轉驅動部及該研磨刷移動部控制成隨著於該基板之半徑方向測定的該基板之旋轉中心至該研磨刷之中心的距離之增大,該基板之旋轉速度階段性地或連續地減小,且該研磨刷之該基板半徑方向的移動速度階段性地或連續地減小。
根據本發明另一實施形態,提供一種基板處理方法,其藉一面將研磨刷壓抵以水平姿勢繞鉛直軸線旋轉之基板的研磨對象面,一面使該研磨刷於水平方向移動,而研磨該研磨對象面,該基板處理方法並一面使該基板之旋轉速度及該研磨刷之移動速度變化成隨著於該基板之半徑方向測定的該基板之旋轉中心至該研磨刷之中心的距離之增大,該基板之旋轉速度階段性地或連續地減小,且該研磨刷之該基板半徑方向的移動速度階段性地或連續地減小,一面進行研磨。
根據本發明又另一實施形態,提供一種記錄媒體,其記錄有程式,該程式以用以控制基板處理裝置之動作的電腦執行時,該電腦可控制該基板處理裝置,執行上述基板處理方法。 [發明之功效]
根據上述實施形態,由於基板各部位之對研磨刷的圓周速度之差減小,且基板各部位之研磨次數的差減小,故在基板之研磨對象面全區,可使研磨量均一化。
[用以實施發明之形態]
以下,就本發明一實施形態之基板處理裝置1,參照附加圖式說明。
如圖1所示,基板處理裝置1包含裝載埠(基板搬出搬入部)3及處理部4。
可將基板搬送容器亦即載具6左右排列載置於裝載埠3。複數片(例如25片)圓形基板5(例如半導體晶圓)在形成裝置之面(表面)朝上的狀態下以水平姿勢於上下方向隔著間隔收容於載具6內。
於處理部4之中央部設有搬送路徑7,於搬送路徑7內設有基板搬送單元11。於搬送路徑7之兩側設有1個基板反轉單元(反向器)8、5個基板處理單元9。基板搬送單元11可出入裝載埠3上之任一載具6、基板反轉單元8及任一基板處理單元9來搬送基板5。
就基板處理裝置1內之基板5的流向作說明。從基板處理裝置1之外部將收容有基板5之載具6搬入至裝載埠3。基板搬送單元11從裝載埠3上之載具6取出1片基板5,將之搬入至基板反轉單元8。基板反轉單元8將基板5翻轉成基板5之表面朝下。之後,基板搬送單元11再從基板反轉單元8取出基板5,將之搬入至任一基板處理單元9。在基板處理單元9,對基板5之背面(未形成裝置之面)施行研磨處理。當研磨處理結束時,基板搬送單元11將基板5從基板處理單元9搬送至基板反轉單元8。在基板反轉單元8,將基板5翻轉成基板5之表面朝上。基板搬送單元11從基板反轉單元8取出基板5,將基板5收容於裝載埠3上之原先的載具6。
接著,就基板處理單元9之結構作說明。
如圖2及圖3所示,基板處理單元9具有殼體14。於殼體14內設有基板保持旋轉部(旋轉吸盤)15、基板研磨部16、沖洗液供給部17、及基板清洗部18。
基板保持旋轉部15將基板5以水平姿勢保持,並且使所保持之基板5繞鉛直軸線旋轉。基板保持旋轉部15具有由電動馬達等構成之旋轉驅動部20、以旋轉驅動部20驅動之基板保持部(此具有圓板狀基底板21及複數之吸盤22)。
在基底板21之周緣部,複數之吸盤22(於圖3僅顯示其中1個)於圓周方向等間隔配置。各吸盤22樞接於基底板21。於各吸盤22之下方設有由例如氣缸構成之開關機構25。藉在使各吸盤22位於開關機構25之正上方的狀態下,以開關機構25之推桿25a的前端頂推吸盤22之被按壓部22a,吸盤22之保持部22b可離開基板5之周緣,藉此,可釋放基板5。當開關機構25之推桿離開吸盤22之被按壓部22a時,藉吸盤22以被按壓部22a之自身重量而旋繞(吸盤22設有彈簧時則是以彈簧之力),可將吸盤22之保持部22b按壓至基板5之周緣,藉此,保持基板5。
於基底板21之周緣部更設有在未設上述吸盤22之範圍延伸成圓弧狀之複數的基板支撐體23。基板支撐體23具有傾斜面(在圖3為接觸基板5之周緣的面),可於此傾斜面上載置基板5之周緣部。
基底板21之周圍以杯體24覆蓋。杯體24承接回收於處理中從基板5飛散至外側之處理液。
以下,主要參照圖3及圖4,就基板研磨部16之結構作說明。基板研磨部16具有設於臂27之研磨刷29。詳而言之,於臂27之前端安裝有中空之旋轉軸28,於旋轉軸28之下端部安裝有研磨刷29。於臂27上安裝有旋轉馬達30,藉設於旋轉馬達30之旋轉軸的驅動滑輪52、設於旋轉軸28之從動滑輪50、架於該等滑輪50、52之帶53構成之旋轉驅動機構,將研磨刷29旋轉驅動。
基板研磨部16更具有使臂27於水平方向(圖2、圖3之左右方向)及上下方向移動之驅動機構(46、47)。臂27藉由圖4概略顯示之臂升降驅動機構47(由例如氣缸構成)安裝於臂基座49。臂基座49可藉掃動驅動機構46(由例如馬達驅動之滾珠螺桿構成),沿著在殼體14內於水平方向延伸之導軌45移動。依據上述結構,可使研磨刷29沿著通過基板5之中心的直線上移動,又,可以所期按壓力將研磨刷29按壓至基板5。
於圖5顯示研磨刷29之結構的一例。研磨刷29具有可裝卸地安裝於旋轉軸28(未顯示於圖5)之基部31、設於基部31上之研磨構件32。研磨構件32可由於由例如聚乙烯醇、酚樹脂等樹脂材料構成之基材含有鑽石或碳化矽等而形成的研磨材層構成。研磨構件32具有圓環狀研磨面33。於研磨面33形成有於圓周方向等間隔而設之縫隙狀凹部33a。
研磨刷29之詳細結構不限圖5所示之結構。惟,如圖5所示,一般不將研磨面33設於中心部而設於周緣部。
從處理液供給機構35將處理液(在此係作為冷卻因研磨之摩擦而產生的熱之冷卻劑的純水)供至研磨刷29。處理液供給機構35包含具有處理液供給源54及閥55之處理液供給管56。處理液供給管56藉由眾所皆知之旋轉接頭(圖中未示)連接於研磨刷29。從處理液供給管56供至研磨刷29之處理液從形成於研磨刷29之中央部的空洞29a供至基板5,藉由縫隙狀凹部33a排出至研磨刷29之外側。
如圖2及圖3所示,沖洗液供給部17以沖洗液供給噴嘴39、及將沖洗液(在此為純水)供至沖洗液供給噴嘴39之沖洗液供給機構38構成。沖洗液供給機構38藉由具有沖洗液供給源57及閥58之沖洗液供給管59將沖洗液供至沖洗液供給噴嘴39。沖洗液供給噴嘴39設成從其吐出之沖洗液可抵達基板5之中央附近,且不致直接撞擊移動之研磨刷29。
如圖2及圖3所示,基板清洗部18具有設於臂41之前端部的基板清洗噴嘴(雙流體噴嘴)42。臂41之基端部藉掃動驅動機構40(由例如馬達驅動之滾珠螺桿構成),可沿著導軌45於水平方向(圖2、圖3之左右方向)移動。依據上述結構,可使基板清洗噴嘴42沿著通過基板5之旋轉中心的直線上移動。
基板清洗噴嘴42連接於清洗流體供給機構43。清洗流體供給機構43從純水供給源60及氮氣供給源61分別藉由各具有閥62、63之清洗液供給管64、65將純水及氮氣供至基板清洗噴嘴42。在基板清洗噴嘴42內,與氮氣流合流時,純水霧化,而可將已霧化之純水及氮氣的混合流體(雙流體)從基板清洗噴嘴42噴至基板5。藉雙流體具有之高動能,可以良好效率去除附著於基板5之表面的物質。
構成上述基板處理裝置1之單元、即基板搬送單元11、基板處理單元9、基板反轉單元8等之動作以控制裝置19控制。因而,構成基板處理單元9之各部15~18的可動結構構件(馬達、氣缸、閥等)之動作也以控制裝置19控制。
控制裝置19由電腦構成,具有例如硬碟(HD)等記錄媒體44。於記錄媒體44儲存控制在基板處理裝置1執行之各種處理的程式。程式記錄於可以電腦讀取之記錄媒體,亦可從該記錄媒體安裝於控制裝置19之記錄媒體44。可以電腦讀取之記錄媒體可例示例如硬碟(HD)、軟性磁碟(FD)、光碟(CD)、磁光碟(MO)、記憶卡等。基板處理裝置1在執行上述程式之控制裝置19的控制下,執行以下說明之基板5的背面之研磨程序。
以下,就在基板處理單元9進行之基板5的背面研磨處理,參照圖6~圖9來說明。
[搬入製程] 基板搬送單元11在基板5之背面朝上的狀態下,將基板5搬入至基板處理單元9,將之交遞至基板保持旋轉部15。基板5在以吸盤22限制成無法於水平方向移動之狀態下,以水平姿勢支撐於基板支撐體23上。
[處理準備製程] 接著,使研磨刷29從退避位置(圖6~圖9之右端位置)移動至與基板5之中心部的上方之基板5稍微往上方拉開距離之位置。基板清洗噴嘴42在退避位置(圖6~圖9之左端位置)待機。截至目前為止之程序顯示於圖6。
[研磨製程] 接著,以基板保持旋轉部15使基板5繞鉛直軸線旋轉。基板5之旋轉持續至處理結束為止。又,從沖洗液供給噴嘴39將純水供至基板5之上面(背面)的中心,並且從處理液供給機構35將純水供至研磨刷29。在此狀態下,使研磨刷29旋轉,並且將研磨刷29按壓至基板5之上面,且使其往基板5之周緣移動。藉此,以研磨刷29消除存在於基板5之上面的去除對象物。已消除之去除對象物與從沖洗液供給噴嘴39供至基板5之純水、以及從處理液供給機構35供至研磨刷29之純水一同在旋轉之基板5的上面往基板5之周緣流動,而流出至基板5之外側。截至目前為止之程序顯示於圖7。研磨條件之細節後述。
[物理清洗製程] 接著,使研磨刷29上升,離開基板5之上面,停止從處理液供給機構35將純水供至研磨刷29,使研磨刷29移動至退避位置(圖6~圖9之右端位置)。與此同時,使基板清洗噴嘴42從退避位置移動至基板5之上面的中心之正上方的位置。截至目前為止之程序顯示於圖8。
然後,從基板清洗噴嘴42將由純水噴霧與氮氣之混合流體構成的雙流體往基板5之上面噴。在從基板清洗噴嘴42吐出雙流體之狀態下,直接使基板清洗噴嘴42移動至基板5之上面的周緣之正上方的位置。亦可使基板清洗噴嘴42在基板5之中心的正上方之位置與周緣之正上方的位置之間來回移動。以從基板清洗噴嘴42吐出之雙流體的能量,去除附著於基板5之上面的研磨屑等污染物質。截至目前為止之程序顯示於圖9。
在上述物理清洗製程,亦可繼續進行在研磨製程進行之沖洗液供給噴嘴39之純水的供給。
在上述物理清洗製程,亦可進行洗刷清洗取代上述雙流體清洗。此時,可設洗刷清洗部(圖中未示)取代具有上述基板清洗噴嘴42之基板清洗部18。洗刷清洗部僅使用之刷不具有研磨劑層這點與基板研磨部16不同,其他點具有與基板研磨部16實質上相同之結構。在洗刷清洗部使用之刷可例示由例如不具研磨劑層之PVA構成的海綿刷。
[沖洗製程] 接著,藉將純水供至基板5之背面的中央部,而進行沖洗製程。在此沖洗製程,純水可從沖洗液供給噴嘴39供給,亦可從基板清洗噴嘴42供給。從基板清洗噴嘴42供給純水時,不將氮氣供至基板清洗噴嘴42,而僅供給純水。
[乾燥製程] 接著,停止將純水供至基板5之上面,使基板5繼續旋轉(較佳為增加旋轉速度),藉此,進行基板之甩動乾燥。此時,研磨刷29及基板清洗噴嘴42如圖3所示,退避至各自之退避位置。當基板5之上面乾燥後,便停止基板5之旋轉。
之後,基板搬送單元11從基板處理單元9取出處理完畢之基板5。藉以上,對1片基板之一連串研磨處理結束。 [實施例]
接著,就實際所進行之研磨製程的具體實施例,參照圖10來說明,並且,依據此具體之實施例,就研磨製程之較佳條件及效果作說明。
在此實施例中,基板5及研磨刷29皆往圖10之順時鐘方向旋轉。從研磨製程開始至結束之期間,研磨刷29之旋轉速度固定在50rpm,又,刷壓(將研磨刷29按壓至基板之力)固定在1N。令刷壓為1N係因當刷壓過高時,易產生造成問題之層級的研磨傷痕,又,當刷壓過低時,則研磨所需時間增長。惟,由於最適當之刷壓亦受到研磨刷29之研磨面33的材質、研磨刷29之尺寸及旋轉速度、基板5之旋轉速度等其他研磨條件之影響,故刷壓不限1N。
使研磨刷29移動成研磨刷29之中心B於圓形基板5之背面上,在通過基板5之旋轉中心O的直線(亦將此直線稱為「X軸」)上往基板之周緣部(在本例中,往圖10之左側)移動。令基板5之旋轉中心O的X軸座標為0(零),令圖10之左方向為X正方向。
在此實施例中,使用研磨面之直徑D為30mm的研磨刷29。又,在此,於X軸上設定複數之徑向範圍作為研磨刷29之中心B的移動範圍。第1徑向範圍R1之X座標(單位為mm)係-15~+15,第2徑向範圍R2之X座標係+15~+45,第3徑向範圍R3之X座標係+45~+75,第4徑向範圍R4之X座標係+75~+105,第5徑向範圍R5之X座標係+105~+133.5。
又,為方便說明,於基板5之背面上設定具有以基板5之旋轉中心O為中心的直徑N×D(N係自然數,D係研磨刷29之研磨面的直徑)之同心圓C1~CN。當基板5為12吋晶圓時,設定5個同心圓C1~C5。圓C1之直徑為60mm,圓C2之直徑為120mm,圓C3之直徑為180mm,圓C4之直徑為240mm,圓C5之直徑為297mm。
第5徑向範圍R5之X座標並非「+105~+135」而是「+105~+133.5」、以及最外側之圓C5的直徑並非300mm而是297mm係因為直徑300mm之基板5的最外周存在斜面部等無法作為研磨對象之周緣區域。
<在第1徑向範圍R1之研磨> 於開始研磨前,使研磨刷29之中心B位於基板5之背面上的位置P1。位置P1之X座標係-15。此時,位於X軸上之研磨刷29的研磨面之外周上的2點中,X座標值較大之點、亦即研磨刷29之行進方向側的點(以下稱為「最前點F」)之X座標為0。亦即,此最前點F與基板5之旋轉中心O一致。
在此狀態下,使旋轉之研磨刷29接觸以旋轉速度2475rpm旋轉之基板5,開始研磨。當使研磨刷29接觸基板5後,立刻開始研磨刷29以速度15mm/sec往X正方向的移動,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標為+15為止。
<在第2徑向範圍R2之研磨> 當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標為+15後,亦即,當研磨刷29之最前點F的X座標為+30,最前點F位於圓C1上後,使研磨刷29往X正方向之移動速度降低至3.8mm/sec,並且使基板5之旋轉速度降低至1238rpm,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標值為+45為止。
<在第3徑向範圍R3之研磨> 當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標值為+45後,亦即當研磨刷29之最前點F的X座標值為+60,最前點F位於圓C2上後,使研磨刷29往X正方向之移動速度降低至2.5mm/sec,並且使基板5之旋轉速度降低至825rpm,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標值為+75為止。
<在第4徑向範圍R4之研磨> 當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標值為+75後,亦即,當研磨刷29之最前點F的X座標值為+90,最前點F位於圓C3上後,使研磨刷29往X正方向之移動速度降低至1.9mm/sec,並且使基板5之旋轉速度降低至619rpm,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標值為+105為止。
<在第5徑向範圍R5之研磨> 當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標值為+105後,亦即,當研磨刷29之最前點F的X座標值為+120,最前點F位於圓C4上後,使研磨刷29往X正方向之移動速度降低至1.4mm/sec,並且使基板5之旋轉速度降低至500rpm,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標值為+135為止。當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標值為+133.5後,亦即研磨刷29之最前點F的X座標值為+148.5,最前點F位於圓C5上後,使研磨刷29上升而離開基板5之背面。
以下顯示記載有各徑向範圍之研磨條件的表1。
[表1]
表1所示之「切線速度」係指在各徑向範圍R1~R5研磨刷29之中心B的X座標為最大時(研磨刷29之中心B在徑向範圍之行進方向端(半徑方向外側之位置)時),研磨刷29之最前點F所在的X座標之基板5的切線速度。從上述表1可知,在所有徑向範圍R1~R5之研磨,切線速度為7775.4(mm/sec),彼此相同。
此外,在此實施例中,基板5及研磨刷29皆往圖10之順時鐘方向旋轉,亦可使研磨刷29往與基板5之旋轉方向相反的方向(逆時鐘方向)旋轉。
在表1,「移動所需時間」係指在各徑向範圍研磨刷29之中心B從該徑向範圍之端移動至端所耗費的時間。「研磨次數」係指在上述各「移動所需時間」內的基板5之旋轉次數。
使用霧度(Haze)值作為基板5之背面的平坦性之評估標準。此外,霧度(Haze)值通常係用於評估透射光之擴散性,在此,則用於評估反射光之擴散性。基板5之背面理想地研磨成平坦時,霧度(Haze)值為接近零之值,但由於當基板5之背面的研磨傷痕多及/或深時,擴散便增大,故霧度(Haze)值增高。
於圖11以實線顯示根據上述研磨條件研磨之基板5的背面之霧度(Haze)值的徑方向分布。可知在基板5之背面全區霧度(Haze)值低,而在基板5之背面全區,平坦且均一地進行了研磨。
從上述實施例,可知以下事項。
以使研磨刷29之位置越遠離基板之旋轉中心(X座標越大),而使基板5之旋轉速度越低為佳。藉如此進行,不論研磨刷29之半徑方向位置(從基板5之旋轉中心O至研磨刷29之中心B的距離)為何,皆可使在研磨刷29之基板5的接觸點之基板5的切線速度(此亦可謂研磨刷29對基板5之相對移動速度)均一化。由於切線速度對研磨量造成非常大之影響,故使切線速度均一化在使研磨量均一化這點上有益。
如上述,以隨著研磨刷29之位置越遠離基板之旋轉中心,使基板5之旋轉速度越低,而使研磨刷29之X軸方向(基板5之半徑方向)的移動速度小為佳。藉如此進行,不論上述基板5之旋轉速度的變化為何,皆可使基板5各部位之研磨次數均一化。由於研磨次數亦對研磨量造成大影響,故使研磨次數均一化在使研磨量均一化這點上有益。
此外,在上述實施例中,實際上,在各徑向範圍(R1~R5),不論X座標之變化,基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度皆固定,從某範圍移至其相鄰之範圍時,使基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度變化。亦即,隨著研磨刷29之中心的X座標之增大,使基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度以階梯狀(階段性地)變化。從上述實施例可清楚明白藉此程度之階段性的基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度之控制,亦可謀求研磨量之充分均一化。
1個徑向範圍之寬度(在1個徑向範圍內,基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29的X軸方向之移動速度為固定)不限上述30mm(此與研磨刷29之研磨面的直徑相等),亦可設定為小於此之寬度、例如15mm。若使1個徑向範圍之寬度較小,便可謀求基板5之背面全區的研磨量之更進一步的均一化。藉使1個徑向範圍之寬度縮窄至極限,亦可使基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度實質上連續地變化。
惟,由於隨著使1個徑向範圍之寬度小,控制會更加繁雜,故若要獲得所期之研磨量的均一性,如上述,以1個徑向範圍之寬度為與研磨刷29之研磨面的直徑相等之程度的寬度為佳。又,若要獲得所期之研磨量的均一性,亦可使1個徑向範圍之寬度大於研磨刷29之研磨面的直徑。
在上述實施例中,在1個徑向範圍內,使基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度為固定,亦可使基板5之旋轉速度及研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度至少一者階段性地或連續地變化。
[比較例] 比較例係就進行習知方法之研磨的結果作說明。從研磨製程之開始至結束的期間,基板之旋轉速度固定在1000rpm,研磨刷之旋轉數固定在50rpm,刷壓(將研磨刷按壓至基板之力)固定在1N。在此比較例中,設定了不同於前述實施例之3個徑向範圍(第1~第3徑向範圍)。 <在第1徑向範圍之研磨> 於開始研磨前,與上述實施例同樣地,使研磨刷29之中心B位於基板5之背面上的X軸上之位置P1(參照圖10)。位置P1之X座標為-15。研磨刷29之最前點F的X座標為0。亦即,此最前點F與基板5之旋轉中心O一致。
在此狀態下,使旋轉之研磨刷29接觸旋轉之基板5,開始研磨。當使研磨刷29接觸基板5後,立刻使研磨刷29以速度15mm/sec於X正方向移動,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標為+35為止。在此第1徑向範圍(-15~+35)之研磨刷29的移動所需時間為3.3(sec)。
<在第2徑向範圍之研磨> 當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標為+35後,立刻使研磨刷29於X正方向之移動速度變化為10mm/sec,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標值為+85為止。在此第2徑向範圍(+35~+85)之研磨刷29的移動所需時間為5.0(sec)。
<在第3徑向範圍之研磨> 當研磨刷29之中心B的X座標為+85後,使研磨刷29於X正方向之移動速度變化為7mm/sec,使研磨刷29移動至其中心B之X座標值為+133.5為止。在此第3徑向範圍(+85~+133.5)之研磨刷29的移動所需時間為6.9(sec)。之後,使研磨刷29在該位置保持4(sec)。
於圖11以虛線顯示根據上述研磨條件研磨之基板5的背面之霧度(Haze)值的徑方向分布。可知在基板5之背面的中央部及周緣部,霧度(Haze)值增高,形成有多及/或深之傷痕,以及研磨之均一性低。此外,在基板5之背面的周緣部,形成有多及/或之傷痕,此係因在周緣部將研磨刷29保持了4秒之故。當將周緣部從評估對象移除,對此以外之部分評估,可知比較例相對於上述實施例,研磨之均一性明顯地差。
[其他實施形態] 從表1可清楚明白,在上述實施例中,由於將基板5之周緣側的研磨刷29之X軸方向的移動速度抑制為小,故基板5之周緣側區域(例如對應徑向範圍R4~R5之區域)的研磨需要16~20秒這樣比較長之時間。為解決此問題,如圖12概略顯示,亦可於1個基板處理單元9設2個(亦可為2個以上)研磨刷29(在圖12,對其中一個附上29-1、另一個附上29-2的參照符號)。該等2個研磨刷29-1、29-2可相互獨立移動。
基板5之中央側區域(例如對應徑向範圍R1~R3之區域)僅使用1個研磨刷29-1,進行研磨,基板5之周緣側區域(例如對應徑方向R4~R5之區域)同時使用2個研磨刷29-1、29-2,進行研磨。第1研磨刷29-1以與之前說明的實施例同樣之方式移動。當第1研磨刷29-1結束對應徑向範圍R3之基板5的背面上之區域的研磨後,將至目前為止在基板5之上方待機的第2研磨刷29-2(參照圖12(a))按壓至基板5,開始第2研磨刷29-2所行之研磨。第2研磨刷29-2於X軸負方向移動成位於對基板5之旋轉中心,與第1研磨刷29-1構成點對稱之位置(參照圖12(b))。同時使用2個研磨刷29(29-1、29-2)時,研磨刷之X軸方向的移動速度可同時為僅使用1個研磨刷29時的2倍(在確保相同之研磨量的條件下)。因此,可縮短研磨處理所需之時間。
在上述實施例中,使壓抵基板5之背面的研磨刷29從基板5之中央部往周緣部僅移動(掃動)1次,但不限於此,亦可使其移動2次以上。此時,宜於第1次掃動結束後,使研磨刷29離開基板5之背面,返回至基板5之中央部的正上方,之後,以與第1次掃動相同之程序進行第2次掃動。第3次以後之掃動亦可以同樣之方式進行。
在上述實施例中,使壓抵基板5之背面的研磨刷29從基板5之中央部往周緣部移動,但不限於此,亦可使研磨刷29從基板5之周緣部往中央部移動。惟,由於當如此進行時,從基板5消除之粒子被研磨刷29捕捉之可能性提高,故宜使研磨刷29從基板5之中央部往周緣部移動。
此外,在上述實施形態中,將基板5搬入至基板處理單元9前,以基板反轉單元8使基板反轉,從基板之上方進行在基板處理單元9之研磨處理,但不限於此,亦可從基板之下方進行研磨處理。此時,舉例而言,於基板處理單元9設從上方保持基板5之基板保持部取代基板保持部21、22,藉在以此基板保持部保持之基板5的下方移動之研磨刷,可進行旋轉之基板5的背面之研磨。
1‧‧‧基板處理裝置
3‧‧‧裝載埠
4‧‧‧處理部
5‧‧‧基板
6‧‧‧載具
7‧‧‧搬送路徑
8‧‧‧基板反轉單元
9‧‧‧基板處理單元
11‧‧‧基板搬送單元
14‧‧‧殼體
15‧‧‧基板保持旋轉部
16‧‧‧基板研磨部
17‧‧‧沖洗液供給部
18‧‧‧基板清洗部
19‧‧‧控制部(控制裝置)
20‧‧‧旋轉驅動部
21‧‧‧基板保持部(基底板)
22‧‧‧基板保持部(吸盤)
22a‧‧‧被按壓部
22b‧‧‧保持部
23‧‧‧基板支撐體
24‧‧‧杯體
25‧‧‧開關機構
25a‧‧‧推桿
27‧‧‧臂
28‧‧‧旋轉軸
29‧‧‧研磨刷
29a‧‧‧空洞
29-1‧‧‧研磨刷
29-2‧‧‧研磨刷
30‧‧‧旋轉馬達
31‧‧‧基部
32‧‧‧研磨構件
33‧‧‧研磨面
33a‧‧‧凹部
35‧‧‧處理液供給機構
38‧‧‧沖洗液供給機構
39‧‧‧沖洗液供給噴嘴
40‧‧‧掃動驅動機構
41‧‧‧臂
42‧‧‧基板清洗噴嘴
43‧‧‧清洗流體供給機構
44‧‧‧記錄媒體
45‧‧‧導軌
46‧‧‧研磨刷移動部(掃動驅動機構)
47‧‧‧臂升降驅動機構
50‧‧‧從動滑輪
52‧‧‧驅動滑輪
53‧‧‧帶
54‧‧‧處理液供給源
55‧‧‧閥
56‧‧‧處理液供給管
57‧‧‧沖洗液供給源
58‧‧‧閥
59‧‧‧沖洗液供給管
60‧‧‧純水供給源
61‧‧‧氮氣供給源
62‧‧‧閥
63‧‧‧閥
64‧‧‧清洗液供給管
65‧‧‧清洗液供給管
B‧‧‧研磨刷之中心
C1‧‧‧同心圓
C2‧‧‧同心圓
C3‧‧‧同心圓
C4‧‧‧同心圓
C5‧‧‧同心圓
F‧‧‧最前點
O‧‧‧基板之旋轉中心
P1‧‧‧位置
R1‧‧‧第1徑向範圍
R2‧‧‧第2徑向範圍
R3‧‧‧第3徑向範圍
R4‧‧‧第4徑向範圍
R5‧‧‧第5徑向範圍
X‧‧‧方向
[圖1]係顯示基板處理裝置之單元配置的概略平面圖。 [圖2]係一實施形態之基板處理單元的概略平面圖。 [圖3]係圖2之基板處理單元的側截面圖。 [圖4]係顯示基板研磨部之結構的概略側視圖。 [圖5]係基板處理刷之立體圖。 [圖6]係說明基板處理單元之動作的作用圖。 [圖7]係說明基板處理單元之動作的作用圖。 [圖8]係說明基板處理單元之動作的作用圖。 [圖9]係說明基板處理單元之動作的作用圖。 [圖10]係說明研磨製程之圖。 [圖11]係顯示實施例及比較例之基板背面的霧度(Haze)值之分布的曲線圖。 [圖12](a)、(b)係就另一實施形態之研磨製程說明的圖。
Claims (9)
- 一種基板處理裝置,包含: 基板保持部,用以水平地保持著基板; 旋轉驅動部,用以使該基板保持部旋轉,而使該基板保持部所保持之該基板繞鉛直軸線旋轉; 研磨刷,用以研磨該基板之研磨對象面; 研磨刷移動部,一面將該研磨刷壓抵著由該基板保持部所保持並旋轉之該基板,一面使該研磨刷朝水平方向移動;及 控制部,用以控制該基板保持部與該研磨刷移動部之動作; 該控制部控制該旋轉驅動部及該研磨刷移動部,俾隨著於該基板之半徑方向所測定之由該基板之旋轉中心至該研磨刷之中心為止的距離之增大,使該基板之旋轉速度階段性地或連續地減小,且使該研磨刷在該基板半徑方向的移動速度階段性地或連續地減小。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之基板處理裝置,其中, 於該基板上設定複數之徑向範圍, 該控制部將該旋轉驅動部及該研磨刷移動部控制成滿足下列條件: 該研磨刷之中心位於該各徑向範圍之半徑方向最外側的位置時,與該研磨刷之研磨面位於半徑方向最外側的部分對向之該基板的位置之該基板的切線速度,在該複數之徑向範圍彼此間係相等;且 該研磨刷之中心在該各徑向範圍之半徑方向最外側的位置與半徑方向最內側的位置之間移動的期間,該基板之旋轉次數在該複數之徑向範圍彼此間係相等。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之基板處理裝置,其中, 該控制部控制該旋轉驅動部及該研磨刷移動部,俾該研磨刷之中心在該各1個徑向範圍移動之期間,該基板之旋轉速度及該研磨刷在該基板半徑方向的移動速度為固定。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項或第3項之基板處理裝置,其中, 該各徑向範圍之半徑方向寬度與該研磨刷之研磨面的外徑相等。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項至第3項中任一項之基板處理裝置,其中, 該控制部於該研磨刷接觸該基板時,使該研磨刷從該基板之半徑方向內側往半徑方向外側移動。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項至第3項中任一項之基板處理裝置,其包含至少2個該研磨刷, 該研磨刷移動部之構成係使該至少2個研磨刷可獨立移動, 該控制部控制該研磨刷移動部,俾於研磨該基板之中心側區域時,使用該至少2個研磨刷中之1個進行研磨,於研磨該基板之周緣側區域時,使用該至少2個研磨刷進行研磨。
- 一種基板處理方法,其藉由一面將研磨刷壓抵著以水平姿勢繞鉛直軸線旋轉之基板的研磨對象面,一面使該研磨刷於水平方向移動,而研磨該研磨對象面, 該基板處理方法一面使該基板之旋轉速度及該研磨刷之移動速度變化成:隨著由沿著該基板之半徑方向測定的該基板之旋轉中心至該研磨刷之中心的距離之增大,使該基板之旋轉速度階段性地或連續地減小,且使該研磨刷在該基板半徑方向的移動速度階段性地或連續地減小,一面進行研磨。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之基板處理方法,其中, 於該基板上設定複數之徑向範圍, 並以滿足下述條件之方式進行研磨,該條件為:於該研磨刷之中心在該各1個徑向範圍移動之期間,該基板之旋轉速度及該研磨刷在該基板半徑方向的移動速度為固定。
- 一種記錄媒體,記錄有在用以控制基板處理裝置之動作的電腦執行之程式,該電腦可控制該基板處理裝置,以執行如申請專利範圍第7項或第8項之基板處理方法。
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