TW201843755A - 氣體供應裝置、氣體供應方法及成膜方法 - Google Patents
氣體供應裝置、氣體供應方法及成膜方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明係提供一種可在成膜原料槽的更換後,容易地以穩定狀態來供應原料氣體之氣體供應裝置。
一實施型態之氣體供應裝置係使原料容器內的原料氣化,來連同載置氣體一起朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之氣體供應裝置,具備有:質流控制器,係連接於該原料容器的上游側,來控制該載置氣體的流量;流量計,係連接於該原料容器的下游側;以及控制部,係以下述方式來進行控制:在該原料容器的更換後,直到該流量計針對藉由該質流控制器而被控制為一定流量之該載置氣體的檢測值達穩定之前不會朝該處理容器內供應該原料氣體。
Description
本發明係關於一種氣體供應裝置、氣體供應方法及成膜方法。
在製造LSI之際,會於MOSFET閘極電極、與源極.汲極的接觸體、記憶體的字元線等廣泛地使用鎢膜。
鎢膜的成膜方法已知有一種對處理容器內所配置之基板複數次地交互供應原料氣體(即六氯化鎢(WCl6)氣體)及還原氣體(即H2氣體)之所謂的原子層沉積(ALD)法(參閱例如專利文獻1)。又,為原料氣體之WCl6氣體係藉由使成膜原料槽內所收納之固體原料,即WCl6昇華而生成。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
專利文獻1:日本特開2016-145409號公報
然而,上述方法中,當成膜原料槽內的WCl6變少時,雖會進行成膜原料槽的更換,但在成膜原料槽的更換後,縱使是以更換前的製程條件來進行成膜仍會有發生未成膜的現象等之製程再現性惡化的情況。又,當製程再現性已惡化情況,需經過多少時間才能再度獲得製程再現性並不明確。
因此,以往係直到能獲得製程再現性為止之前,或在成膜結果達穩定之前會對晶圓重複進行成膜。於是,便有成膜原料槽的更換後到再重新開始製程之時間較長,又,直到能獲得製程再現性為止之前會消耗多餘的晶圓之問題。
因此,本發明之一樣態中,其目的為提供一種可在成膜原料槽的更換後,容易地以穩定狀態來供應原料氣體之氣體供應裝置。
為達成上述目的,本發明一樣態相關之氣體供應裝置係使原料容器內的原料氣化,來連同載置氣體一起朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之氣體供應裝置,具備有:質流控制器,係連接於該原料容器的上游側,來控制該載置氣體的流量;流量計,係連接於該原料容器的下游側;以及控制部,係以下述方式來進行控制:在該原料容器的更換後,直到該流量計針對藉由該質流控制器而被控制為一定流量之該載置氣體的檢測值達穩定之前不會朝該處理容器內供應該原料氣體。
依據所揭示之氣體供應裝置,便可在成膜原料槽的更換後,容易地以穩定狀態來供應原料氣體。
1‧‧‧處理容器
2‧‧‧晶座
3‧‧‧噴淋頭
4‧‧‧排氣部
5‧‧‧處理氣體供應機構
6‧‧‧控制部
41‧‧‧排氣配管
42‧‧‧排氣機構
51‧‧‧WCl6氣體供應機構
52‧‧‧第1H2氣體供應源
80‧‧‧緩衝槽
80a‧‧‧壓力計
91‧‧‧成膜原料槽
91a‧‧‧加熱器
92‧‧‧載置氣體配管
93‧‧‧載置N2氣體供應源
94‧‧‧質流控制器
95a、95b、96a、96b、99‧‧‧開閉閥
97‧‧‧流量計
98‧‧‧分流配管
100‧‧‧稀釋N2氣體供應管
101‧‧‧稀釋N2氣體供應源
102‧‧‧質流控制器
103‧‧‧開閉閥
104‧‧‧配管
105‧‧‧開閉閥
106‧‧‧開閉閥
107‧‧‧壓力控制閥
W‧‧‧晶圓
圖1係顯示具備有本實施型態相關的氣體供應裝置之成膜裝置一例之概略剖視圖。
圖2係顯示本實施型態相關之成膜原料的初期穩定化工序之流程圖。
圖3係顯示本實施型態相關之成膜工序的氣體供應機制之圖式。
圖4係顯示成膜原料槽更換後之經過時間與原料氣體流量的關係之圖式。
圖5係顯示鎢膜之膜中雜質濃度的測定結果之圖式。
圖6係顯示鎢膜的膜厚及電阻率之圖式。
以下,針對用以實施本發明之型態,參閱圖式來加以說明。此外,本說明書及圖式中,針對實質相同的構成則賦予相同符號而省略重複說明。
〔成膜裝置〕
圖1係顯示具備有本實施型態相關的氣體供應裝置之成膜裝置一例之概略剖視圖。本實施型態相關之成膜裝置係構成為可藉由原子層沉積(ALD:Atomic Layer Deposition)法來實施成膜,以及可藉由化學氣相成長(CVD:Chemical Vapor Deposition)法來實施成膜之裝置。
成膜裝置係具有處理容器1、用以在處理容器1內水平地支撐基板(半導體晶圓,以下簡稱作晶圓W。)之晶座2、用以將處理氣體噴淋狀地供應至處理容器1內之噴淋頭3、將處理容器1的內部排氣之排氣部4、對噴淋頭3供應處理氣體之處理氣體供應機構5、以及控制部6。
處理容器1係由鋁等金屬所構成,具有略圓筒狀。處理容器1的側壁係形成有用來供晶圓W的搬入或搬出之搬出入口11,搬出入口11可藉由閘閥12而開閉。處理容器1的本體上係設置有剖面呈矩形的圓環狀排氣導管13。排氣導管13係沿著內周面而形成有槽縫13a。又,排氣導管13的外壁係形成有排氣口13b。排氣導管13的上面係設置有會封閉處理容器1的上部開口之頂壁14。頂壁14與排氣導管13之間係藉由密封環15而被氣密地密封。
晶座2係呈大小會對應於晶圓W之圓板狀,而被支撐在支撐組件23。晶座2係由氮化鋁(AlN)等陶瓷材料,或是鋁或鎳基合金等金屬材料所構成,內部係埋入有用以加熱晶圓W之加熱器21。加熱器21會從加熱電源(圖中未顯示)被供電而發熱。然後,藉由晶座2上面的晶圓載置面附近處所設置之熱電耦(圖中未顯示)的溫度訊號來控制加熱器21的輸出,以將晶圓W控制在特定溫度。
晶座2係設置有覆蓋晶圓載置面的外周區域以及晶座2的側面般之氧化鋁等陶瓷所構成的罩組件22。
用以支撐晶座2之支撐組件23係從晶座2的底面中央貫穿處理容器1的底壁所形成之孔部再延伸至處理容器1的下方,其下端係連接於升降機構24。藉由升降機構24,則晶座2便可透過支撐組件23而在圖1所示之處理位置與其下方以一點鏈線所示之可進行晶圓搬送的搬送位置之間做升降。又,支撐組件23之處理容器1的下方係安裝有鍔部25,處理容器1的底面與鍔部25之間係設置有將處理容器1內的氛圍與外部氣體加以區劃,且會隨著晶座2的升降動作而伸縮之伸縮管26。
處理容器1的底面附近係設置有從升降板27a突出至上方般的3根(僅圖示2根)晶圓支撐銷27。晶圓支撐銷27可藉由處理容器1的下方所設置之升降機構28而透過升降板27a來做升降,並會插通位在搬送位置之晶座 2所設置的貫穿孔2a,便可相對於晶座2的上面來做出沒。藉由如此般地使晶圓支撐銷27升降,而在晶圓搬送機構(圖中未顯示)與晶座2之間進行晶圓W的傳遞。
噴淋頭3為金屬製,係設置為與晶座2呈對向,且具有與晶座2幾乎相同的直徑。噴淋頭3係具有被固定在處理容器1的頂壁14之本體部31,以及連接於本體部31下之噴淋板32。本體部31與噴淋板32之間係形成有氣體擴散空間33,氣體擴散空間33係以貫穿本體部31及處理容器1之頂壁14的中央之方式而設置有氣體導入孔36。噴淋板32的周緣部係形成有朝下方突出之環狀突起部34,噴淋板32之環狀突起部34內側的平坦面係形成有氣體噴出孔35。
當晶座2存在於處理位置之狀態下,噴淋板32與晶座2之間係形成有處理空間37,環狀突起部34與晶座2之罩組件22的上面會接近而形成環狀間隙38。
排氣部4係具備有連接於排氣導管13的排氣口13b之排氣配管41,以及連接於排氣配管41而具有真空幫浦或壓力控制閥等之排氣機構42。在處理時,處理容器1內的氣體會透過槽縫13a而到達排氣導管13,再從排氣導管13藉由排氣部4的排氣機構42而通過排氣配管41被排氣。
處理氣體供應機構5係具有WCl6氣體供應機構51、第1H2氣體供應源52、第2H2氣體供應源53、第1N2氣體供應源54、第2N2氣體供應源55及SiH4氣體供應源56。WCl6氣體供應機構51會供應作為原料氣體之金屬氯化物氣體,即WCl6氣體。第1H2氣體供應源52會供應作為還原氣體之H2氣體。第2H2氣體供應源53會供應作為添加還原氣體之H2氣體。第1N2氣體供應源54及第2N2氣體供應源55會供應作為吹淨氣體之N2氣體。SiH4氣體供應源56會供應SiH4氣體。
又,處理氣體供應機構5係具有WCl6氣體供應管61、第1H2氣體供應管62、第2H2氣體供應管63、第1N2氣體供應管64、第2N2氣體供應管65及SiH4氣體供應管63a。WCl6氣體供應管61係自WCl6氣體供應機構51延伸之管。第1H2氣體供應管62係自第1H2氣體供應源52延伸之管。第2H2氣體供應管63係自第2H2氣體供應源53延伸之管。第1N2氣體供應管 64係自第1N2氣體供應源54延伸來將N2氣體供應至WCl6氣體供應管61側之管。第2N2氣體供應管65係自第2N2氣體供應源55延伸來將N2氣體供應至第1H2氣體供應管62側之管。SiH4氣體供應管63a係自SiH4氣體供應源56延伸而連接於第2H2氣體供應管63般所設置之管。
第1N2氣體供應管64係分歧為在藉由ALD法之成膜中會經常地供應N2氣體之第1連續N2氣體供應管66,以及僅在吹淨步驟時會供應N2氣體之第1間歇吹淨管67。又,第2N2氣體供應管65係分歧為在藉由ALD法之成膜中會經常地供應N2氣體之第2連續N2氣體供應管68,以及僅在吹淨步驟時會供應N2氣體之第2間歇吹淨管69。第1連續N2氣體供應管66及第1間歇吹淨管67係連接於第1連接管70,第1連接管70係連接於WCl6氣體供應管61。又,第2H2氣體供應管63、第2連續N2氣體供應管68、及第2間歇吹淨管69係連接於第2連接管71,第2連接管71係連接於第1H2氣體供應管62。WCl6氣體供應管61及第1H2氣體供應管62係匯流於匯流配管72,匯流配管72係連接於前述氣體導入孔36。
WCl6氣體供應管61、第1H2氣體供應管62、第2H2氣體供應管63、第1連續N2氣體供應管66、第1間歇吹淨管67、第2連續N2氣體供應管68及第2間歇吹淨管69的最下游側係分別設置有用以在ALD之際切換氣體的開閉閥73、74、75、76、77、78、79。又,第1H2氣體供應管62、第2H2氣體供應管63、第1連續N2氣體供應管66、第1間歇吹淨管67、第2連續N2氣體供應管68及第2間歇吹淨管69之開閉閥的上游側係分別設置有作為流量控制器之質流控制器82、83、84、85、86、87。質流控制器83係設置於第2H2氣體供應管63之與SiH4氣體供應管63a的匯流點之上游側,質流控制器83與匯流點之間係設置有開閉閥88。又,SiH4氣體供應管63a係自上游側依序設置有質流控制器83a及開閉閥88a。於是,便可透過第2H2氣體供應管63來供應H2氣體及SiH4氣體其中一者或兩者。WCl6氣體供應管61及第1H2氣體供應管62係分別設置有緩衝槽80、81,以便能夠在短時間供應所需的氣體。緩衝槽80係設置有可檢測其內部的壓力之壓力計80a。
WCl6氣體供應機構51係具有收納WCl6之原料容器,即成膜原料槽91。 WCl6係常溫為固體的固體原料。成膜原料槽91的周圍係設置有加熱器91a,可將成膜原料槽91內的成膜原料加熱至適當溫度來使WCl6昇華。成膜原料槽91內係自上方插入有前述WCl6氣體供應管61。
又,WCl6氣體供應機構51係具有自上方插入至成膜原料槽91內之載置氣體配管92、用以對載置氣體配管92供應載置氣體(N2氣體)之載置N2氣體供應源93、連接於載置氣體配管92而作為流量控制器之質流控制器94、質流控制器94下游側的開閉閥95a及95b、設置於WCl6氣體供應管61的成膜原料槽91附近之開閉閥96a及96b、以及流量計97。載置氣體配管92中,開閉閥95a係設置於質流控制器94的正下方位置,開閉閥95b係設置於載置氣體配管92的插入端側。又,開閉閥96a、96b及流量計97係從WCl6氣體供應管61的插入端而以開閉閥96a、開閉閥96b、流量計97的順序來加以配置。
設置有分流配管98來連繋載置氣體配管92的開閉閥95a與開閉閥95b之間的位置,以及WCl6氣體供應管61的開閉閥96a與開閉閥96b之間的位置,分流配管98係介設有開閉閥99。藉由關閉開閉閥95b、96a但打開開閉閥99、95a、96b,則從載置N2氣體供應源93所供應之N2氣體便會經過載置氣體配管92、分流配管98再被供應至WCl6氣體供應管61。藉此,便可將WCl6氣體供應管61加以吹淨。
又,WCl6氣體供應管61中之流量計97的上游側係匯流有會供應稀釋氣體(N2氣體)之稀釋N2氣體供應管100的下游側端部。稀釋N2氣體供應管100的上游側端部係設置有N2氣體的供應源,即稀釋N2氣體供應源101。稀釋N2氣體供應管100係自上游側介設有質流控制器102及開閉閥103。
WCl6氣體供應管61中之流量計97的下游位置係連接有配管104的一端,配管104的另一端則連接於排氣配管41。配管104的WCl6氣體供應管61附近位置及排氣配管41附近位置係分別設置有開閉閥105及開閉閥106。又,開閉閥105與開閉閥106之間係設置有壓力控制閥107。然後,藉由在關閉開閉閥99、95a、95b之狀態下來打開開閉閥105、106、96a、96b,便可藉由排氣機構42來將成膜原料槽91內及緩衝槽80內排氣。
控制部6係具有具備用以控制各構成部(具體來說為閥體、電源、加熱 器、幫浦等)的微處理器(電腦)之製程控制器、使用者介面及記憶部。構成為成膜裝置的各構成部會電連接於製程控制器而受到控制。使用者介面係連接於製程控制器,而由作業員為了管理成膜裝置的各構成部而進行指令的輸入操作等之鍵盤,或可視化地顯示成膜裝置之各構成部的運轉狀況之顯示器等所構成。記憶部亦連接於製程控制器。記憶部係儲存有為了藉由製程控制器的控制來實現成膜裝置中所執行的各種處理之控制程式,或對應於處理條件來使成膜裝置的各構成部實行特定處理之控制程式,即處理配方或各種資料庫等。處理配方係被記憶在記憶部中的記憶媒體(圖中未顯示)。記憶媒體可為硬碟等固定性設置者,或是CDROM、DVD、半導體記憶體等可移動性者。又,亦可從其他裝置透過例如專用回線來適當地傳送配方。依需要而以來自使用者介面的指示等來從記憶部呼叫出特定的處理配方並使製程控制器實行,藉此便可在製程控制器的控制下,以成膜裝置來進行所欲處理。
〔氣體供應方法〕
針對本實施型態相關之氣體供應方法,係舉使用前述成膜裝置來成膜出鎢膜之情況(成膜方法)為例來加以說明。本實施型態相關之氣體供應方法係包含有在成膜原料槽91的更換後,且為對晶圓W進行成膜前所進行之成膜原料的初期穩定化工序,以及在成膜原料的初期穩定化工序後所進行之成膜工序。
(成膜原料的初期穩定化工序)
針對成膜原料的初期穩定化工序來加以說明。圖2係顯示本實施型態相關之成膜原料的初期穩定化工序之流程圖。
首先,控制部6會判定成膜原料槽91是否已更換(步驟S11)。
步驟S11中,若判定為成膜原料槽91並未被更換的情況,即結束處理。
步驟S11中,若判定為成膜原料槽91已更換的情況,則控制部6會控制開閉閥來將成膜原料槽91中所生成之WCl6氣體排出(步驟S12)。具體來說,控制部6係在關閉開閉閥99、73之狀態下打開開閉閥95a、95b、96a、96b、103、105、106。藉此,則從載置N2氣體供應源93所供應之N2氣體、成膜原料槽91中所生成之WCl6氣體、以及從稀釋N2氣體供應源101所供 應之N2氣體便會透過排氣配管104而藉由排氣機構42被排出。於是,包含有WCl6氣體之N2氣體便不會被供應至處理容器1內。又,控制部6會將質流控制器94、102控制為從載置N2氣體供應源93所供應之N2氣體以及從稀釋N2氣體供應源101所供應之N2氣體的流量成為一定流量。
接下來,控制部6會判定WCl6氣體流量的時間變化率是否為閾值以下(步驟S13)。若使WCl6氣體的N2氣體換算流量為F0(sccm),使WCl6的分子量為M,則WCl6氣體的流量F(mg/min)便為藉由以下的式(1)所算出之值。
式(1):F=F0×C.F./22400×M×1000
此外,F0係使1週期時間(sec)中之流量計97的檢測值為F1(scc),使質流控制器94之流量的檢測值為F2(scc),使質流控制器102之流量的檢測值為F3(scc),而藉由以下的式(2)來計算出。
式(2):F0={F1-(F2+F3)}/1週期時間×60
又,C.F.為轉換常數(Conversion Factor),本實施型態中為0.2。又,WCl6的分子量M為396.56。閾值為例如13mg/min。
在步驟S13中,若判定為WCl6氣體流量的時間變化率大於閾值的情況,則控制部6會判斷為流量計97的檢測值並未穩定,而回到步驟S12。亦即,會透過排氣配管104且藉由排氣機構42來持續將包含有WCl6氣體之N2氣體排出。
在步驟S13中,若判定為WCl6氣體流量的時間變化率為閾值以下的情況,控制部6會判斷為流量計97的檢測值穩定,可朝處理容器1內供應包含有WCl6氣體之N2氣體(步驟S14)。然後,控制部6係藉由關閉開閉閥105、106,來停止透過排氣配管104之包含有WCl6氣體之N2氣體的排氣。
(成膜工序)
針對成膜工序來加以說明。成膜工序係在前述成膜原料的初期穩定化工序中,當控制部6判斷為可朝處理容器1內供應包含有WCl6氣體之N2氣體的情況會被加以實行。
圖3係顯示本實施型態相關之成膜工序的氣體供應機制之圖式。
步驟S1係將WCl6氣體供應至處理空間37之原料氣體供應步驟。步驟 S1中,首先,在打開開閉閥76、78之狀態下,從第1N2氣體供應源54及第2N2氣體供應源55經過第1連續N2氣體供應管66及第2連續N2氣體供應管68來持續供應N2氣體。又,藉由打開開閉閥73,來從WCl6氣體供應機構51經過WCl6氣體供應管61而將WCl6氣體供應至處理容器1內的處理空間37。此時,WCl6氣體會在暫時儲存於緩衝槽80後便被供應至處理容器1內。又,步驟S1中,亦可經過從第2H2氣體供應源53延伸的第2H2氣體供應管63來將作為添加還原氣體之H2氣體供應至處理容器1內。在步驟S1之際,藉由與WCl6氣體同時地供應還原氣體,則所供應之WCl6氣體便會被活性化,而在後續的步驟S3之際容易發生成膜反應。於是,便可維持高階梯覆蓋率,且增加每1個循環的沉積膜厚來提升成膜速度。可使添加還原氣體的流量為步驟S1中不會發生CVD反應之程度的流量。
步驟S2係將處理空間37剩餘的WCl6氣體等加以吹淨之吹淨步驟。步驟S2中,係在透過第1連續N2氣體供應管66及第2連續N2氣體供應管68來持續供應N2氣體之狀態下,關閉開閉閥73以停止WCl6氣體。又,打開開閉閥77、79來從第1間歇吹淨管67及第2間歇吹淨管69亦供應N2氣體(間歇吹淨N2氣體),而藉由大流量的N2氣體來將處理空間37剩餘的WCl6氣體等加以吹淨。
步驟S3係將H2氣體供應至處理空間37之還原氣體供應步驟。步驟S3中,係關閉開閉閥77、79以停止來自第1間歇吹淨管67及第2間歇吹淨管69的N2氣體。又,係在透過第1連續N2氣體供應管66及第2連續N2氣體供應管68來持續供應N2氣體之狀態下打開閉閥74。藉此,便會從第1H2氣體供應源52經過第1H2氣體供應管62來將作為還原氣體之H2氣體供應至處理空間37。此時,H2氣體會在暫時儲存於緩衝槽81後便被供應至處理容器1內。藉由步驟S3,則吸附在晶圓W上之WCl6便會被還原。可使此時的H2氣體流量為會充分地發生還原反應之量。
步驟S4係將處理空間37剩餘的H2氣體加以吹淨之吹淨步驟。步驟S4中,係在透過第1連續N2氣體供應管66及第2連續N2氣體供應管68來持續供應N2氣體之狀態下,關閉開閉閥74以停止來自第1H2氣體供應管62之H2氣體的供應。又,打開開閉閥77、79來從第1間歇吹淨管67及第 2間歇吹淨管69亦供應N2氣體(間歇吹淨N2氣體),而與步驟S2相同地,藉由大流量的N2氣體來將處理空間37剩餘的H2氣體加以吹淨。
藉由以短時間來實施以上的步驟S1~S4一個循環,便會形成薄的鎢單位膜,並藉由重複複數次該等步驟的循環來成膜出期望膜厚的鎢膜。此時的鎢膜膜厚可藉由上述循環的重複次數來控制。
但本實施型態中,係在成膜原料槽91的更換後,且在鎢膜的成膜(成膜工序)之前,便先進行為成膜原料之WCl6的初期穩定化工序,其理由如下。
圖4係顯示成膜原料槽91更換後的經過時間與WCl6氣體的流量之關係之圖式。圖4中,橫軸表示成膜原料槽91更換後的經過時間(hour),縱軸表示WCl6氣體的流量(mg/min)。
在成膜原料槽91的更換後,縱使是以更換前的製程條件來進行鎢膜的成膜仍會有發生未成膜的現象等之製程再現性惡化的情況。又,當製程再現性已惡化情況,需經過多少時間才能再度獲得製程再現性並不明確。因此,以往係直到能獲得製程再現性為止之前,或在成膜結果達穩定之前會對晶圓W重複進行成膜。於是,便有成膜原料槽91的更換後到再重新開始製程之時間較長,又,直到能獲得製程再現性為止之前會消耗多餘的晶圓W之問題。
因此,便針對改善上述般成膜原料槽91的更換後所發生之製程再現性惡化的方法來加以檢討。其結果,如圖4所示,發現在成膜原料槽91的更換後,當WCl6氣體流量的時間變化率成為閾值以下後再進行鎢膜的成膜為有效的。圖4中,以Tth來表示WCl6氣體流量的時間變化率成為閾值以下之時刻。本實施型態中,Tth為大約1.8小時。有關在成膜原料槽91的更換後,當WCl6氣體的流量成為閾值以下後再進行鎢膜的成膜為有效之理由將敘述於後。
〔實施例〕
實施例中,係在圖1之成膜裝置中成膜原料槽91的更換後,以300mg/分鐘的流量透過排氣配管104且藉由排氣機構42來對WCl6氣體進行特定時間的排氣,之後在形成有SiO2膜及TiN膜之晶圓W上成膜出鎢膜。又,會評估所成膜之鎢膜的膜特性。
試料1係將WCl6氣體排氣10小時後成膜出鎢膜之樣品。試料2係將WCl6氣體排氣2小時後成膜出鎢膜之樣品。試料3係不將WCl6氣體排氣來成膜出鎢膜之樣品。此外,鎢膜的成膜條件係在所有的試料(試料1、試料2、試料3)皆為相同的條件。鎢膜的成膜條件如以下所述。
(鎢膜的成膜條件)
晶圓溫度:540℃
處理容器內壓力:30Torr(4.0×103Pa)
WCl6氣體流量:300mg/分鐘
步驟S1的時間:0.3秒
步驟S2的時間:0.3秒
步驟S3的時間:0.1秒
步驟S4的時間:0.3秒
循環次數:900循環
圖5係顯示鎢膜之膜中雜質濃度的測定結果之圖式,係顯示藉由二次離子質量分析法(SIMS:Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry)之測定結果。圖5(a)係顯示試料1及試料3之膜中氧(O)濃度的測定結果,圖5(b)係顯示試料1及試料3之膜中氯(Cl)濃度的測定結果。圖5(a)中,橫軸表示SiO2膜、TiN膜及鎢(W)膜之積層方向的深度(nm),縱軸表示膜中的O濃度。圖5(b)中,橫軸表示SiO2膜、TiN膜及鎢(W)膜之積層方向的深度(nm),縱軸表示膜中的Cl濃度。又,圖5(a)及圖5(b)中,實線表示試料1的測定結果,虛線表示試料3的測定結果。
如圖5(a)所示,可得知試料1中鎢膜的膜中O濃度係小於試料3中鎢膜的膜中O濃度。此被認為係因為在成膜原料槽91的更換後,藉由將WCl6氣體排氣10小時,則更換後之成膜原料槽91內的成膜原料(WCl6)表面所形成之氧化物會被抑制被攝入鎢膜的膜中之緣故。
又,如圖5(b)所示,可得知試料1中鎢膜的膜中Cl濃度係小於試料3中鎢膜的膜中Cl濃度。此被認為係因為在成膜原料槽91的更換後,藉由將WCl6氣體排氣10小時,則更換後之成膜原料槽91內的成膜原料(WCl6)表面所存在之雜質會被抑制被攝入鎢膜的膜中之緣故。
如此般地,藉由在成膜原料槽91的更換後,將WCl6氣體排氣10小時後再成膜出鎢膜,便可降低因成膜原料槽91的更換而對鎢膜膜質造成的影響。
圖6係顯示鎢膜的膜厚及電阻率之圖式,係顯示試料1、試料2及試料3中鎢膜的膜厚及電阻率之測定結果。圖6中,將鎢(W)膜的膜厚(nm)顯示於上列,而將鎢(W)膜的電阻率(μΩcm)顯示於下列。
如圖6的上列所示,試料1中鎢膜的膜厚為3.8nm,試料2中鎢膜的膜厚為3.7nm,試料3中鎢膜的膜厚為0.5nm。亦即,可得知在成膜原料槽91的更換後,藉由將WCl6氣體排氣2小時以上,則鎢膜的膜厚便會大致成為一定而穩定化。此被認為係因為在成膜原料槽91的更換後,藉由將WCl6氣體排氣2小時以上,則會抑制因更換後之成膜原料槽91內的成膜原料(WCl6)表面所存在之雜質而阻礙到鎢膜的成膜之緣故。
又,如圖6的下列所示,試料1中鎢膜的電阻率為10.28μΩcm,試料2中鎢膜的電阻率為12.44μΩcm,試料3中鎢膜的電阻率為1.38μΩcm。亦即,可得知在成膜原料槽91的更換後,藉由將WCl6氣體排氣2小時以上,則鎢膜的電阻率便會大致成為一定而穩定化。此被認為係因為在成膜原料槽91的更換後,藉由將WCl6氣體排氣2小時以上,則因更換後之成膜原料槽91內的成膜原料(WCl6)表面所存在之雜質會被抑制被攝入鎢膜的膜中之緣故。
如此般地,藉由在成膜原料槽91的更換後,將WCl6氣體排氣2小時以上後再成膜出鎢膜,便可降低因成膜原料槽91的更換而對鎢膜膜質造成的影響。
以上,雖已針對用以實施本發明之型態來加以說明,但上述內容並非限定發明的內容,可在本發明之範圍內做各種變化及改良。
上述實施型態中,雖已例舉使用WCl6氣體作為金屬氯化物氣體來成膜出鎢膜的情況來加以說明,但只要是交互供應金屬氯化物氣體與還原氣體來成膜出金屬膜的情況,便可應用本發明。作為金屬氯化物氣體,可使用WCl5氣體等其他的氯化鎢氣體,即便是使用WCl5氣體,仍顯示了與WCl6氣體幾近相同的傾向。使用WCl5氣體的情況,可使用常溫為固體的WCl5 來作為成膜原料。又,例如使用氯化鉬氣體與還原氣體來成膜出鉬膜的情況,或使用氯化鉭氣體與還原氣體來成膜出鉭膜的情況,亦可應用本發明。該等情況下,可使用常溫為固體的氯化鉬或氯化鉭來作為成膜原料。又,上述實施型態中,雖係使固體原料昇華來作為原料氣體,但亦可使液體原料氣化來作為原料氣體。
又,「直到流量計的檢測值達穩定之前不會朝處理容器內供應原料氣體。」並非單指不會朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之狀態,而是概念上「直到流量計的檢測值達穩定之前不會作為基板的處理氣體來加以使用。」,故即便是朝處理容器內供應原料氣體的情況,在未存在有處理用的基板之狀態下直到流量計的檢測值達穩定之前朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之情況係相當於「直到流量計的檢測值達穩定之前不會朝處理容器內供應原料氣體。」之技術。
又,上述實施型態中,雖已例舉使用H2氣體作為還原氣體的情況來加以說明,但只要是含有氫之還原性氣體即可,除了H2氣體以外,亦可使用SiH4氣體、B2H6氣體、NH3氣體等。亦可供應H2氣體、SiH4氣體、B2H6氣體及NH3氣體當中的2者以上。又,亦可使用該等氣體以外的其他還原氣體,例如PH3氣體、SiH2Cl2氣體。由更加降低膜中的雜質來獲得低阻抗值之觀點來看,則較佳宜使用H2氣體。再者,亦可取代N2氣體而使用Ar氣體等其他的非活性氣體來作為吹淨氣體及載置氣體。
又,上述實施型態中,雖已例舉將半導體晶圓作為基板來加以說明,但半導體晶圓亦可為矽晶圓,或GaAs、SiC、GaN等的化合物半導體晶圓。再者,基板不限於半導體晶圓,亦可將本發明應用於液晶顯示裝置等FPD(平板顯示器)所使用的玻璃基板、或陶瓷基板等。
Claims (7)
- 一種氣體供應裝置,係使原料容器內的原料氣化,來連同載置氣體一起朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之氣體供應裝置,具備有:質流控制器,係連接於該原料容器的上游側,來控制該載置氣體的流量;流量計,係連接於該原料容器的下游側;以及控制部,係以下述方式來進行控制:在該原料容器的更換後,直到該流量計針對藉由該質流控制器而被控制為一定流量之該載置氣體的檢測值達穩定之前不會朝該處理容器內供應該原料氣體。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之氣體供應裝置,其中該控制部在該流量計之檢測值的時間變化率成為閾值以下的情況,會判斷為該流量計的檢測值已穩定。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氣體供應裝置,其中該控制部在該流量計的檢測值達穩定為止的期間,不會朝該處理容器內供應該原料氣體而是會進行排氣。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之氣體供應裝置,其係具備有一端會連接於該流量計的下游側,另一端則連接於該處理容器的排氣配管之排氣配管;該原料氣體係透過該排氣配管而被排氣。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氣體供應裝置,其中該原料為氯化鎢的固體原料。
- 一種氣體供應方法,係使原料容器內的原料氣化,來連同載置氣體一起朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之氣體供應方法;係以下述方式來進行控制:在該原料容器的更換後,直到該原料容器的下游側所連接之流量計針對藉由該原料容器的上游側所連接之質流控制器而被控制為一定流量之該載置氣體的檢測值達穩定之前不會朝該處理容器內供應該原料氣體。
- 一種成膜方法,係藉由重複使原料容器內的原料氣化,來連同載置氣體一起朝處理容器內供應原料氣體之步驟,以及朝該處理容器內供應會將該原料氣體還原的還原氣體之步驟來成膜出金屬膜之成膜方法,具有以 下工序:初期穩定化工序,係在該原料容器的更換後,會判定該原料容器的下游側所連接之流量計針對藉由該原料容器的上游側所連接之質流控制器而被控制為一定流量之該載置氣體的檢測值是否已穩定;以及成膜工序,係在該初期穩定化工序中,當判斷為該流量計的檢測值已穩定後,會朝該處理容器內供應該原料氣體來成膜出該金屬膜。
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