TW201727463A - 電容觸控感測器面板、數位音訊播放器及用於屏蔽電容觸控感測器面板之方法 - Google Patents

電容觸控感測器面板、數位音訊播放器及用於屏蔽電容觸控感測器面板之方法 Download PDF

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TW201727463A
TW201727463A TW106113104A TW106113104A TW201727463A TW 201727463 A TW201727463 A TW 201727463A TW 106113104 A TW106113104 A TW 106113104A TW 106113104 A TW106113104 A TW 106113104A TW 201727463 A TW201727463 A TW 201727463A
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波特 賀泰爾林史蒂芬
李察 蘭德布萊恩
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蘋果公司
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Abstract

本發明揭示一種多觸控電容觸控感測器面板,其可使用一基板建立,該基板具有形成於其任一側面上之行及列跡線。為屏蔽該等行(感測)跡線免遭來自一相鄰液晶顯示器(LCD)之一調變Vcom層或任何電容耦合來源之電容耦合效應,可加寬該等列跡線以屏蔽該等行跡線,並且可將該等列跡線更靠近該LCD地放置。尤其,可加寬該等列,使得相鄰列跡線之間存在大約30微米之間距。依此方式,該等列跡線可用於驅動該觸控感測器面板之雙重功能,以及亦屏蔽該等多個敏感行(感測)跡線免遭電容耦合效應之功能。

Description

電容觸控感測器面板、數位音訊播放器及用於屏蔽電容觸控感測器面板之方法
此發明係關於觸控感測器面板,且更特定言之,係關於具有形成於相同基板之任一側面上之列及行的電容多觸控感測器面板。
許多類型之輸入器件目前可用於在計算系統內實行操作,例如按鈕或按鍵、滑鼠、軌跡球、觸控面板、操縱桿、觸控螢幕等等。特定言之,觸控螢幕由於其操作簡單及通用性以及其下降之價格變得越來越普遍。觸控螢幕可包括觸控面板,其可為具有觸敏表面之透明面板。觸控面板可位於顯示螢幕前方,以便觸敏表面覆蓋顯示螢幕之可檢視區域。觸控螢幕使使用者可藉由經由手指或尖筆簡單地觸控顯示螢幕作出選擇並移動游標。一般而言,觸控螢幕可辨識顯示螢幕上之觸控及觸控位置,並且計算系統可解譯觸控,之後根據觸控事件實行動作。 觸控面板可包括能夠偵測觸控事件之觸控感測器的陣列(手指或其他物件在觸敏表面上之觸控)。未來面板可能夠偵測多觸控(手指或其他物件於大約相同時間在觸敏表面上不同位置之觸控)以及近接觸控(手指或其他物件在其觸控感測器之近場偵測能力內),並識別及追蹤其位置。多觸控面板之範例在申請人之共同待審美國申請案第10/842,862號中予以說明,標題為"Multipoint Touchscreen",2004年5月6日申請,並且在2006年5月11日作為美國公開申請案第2006/0097991號公開,其內容以提及方式併入本文。 電容觸控感測器面板可由介電質之相反側面上的跡線列及行形成。在跡線之"交叉點",此處跡線經過彼此上方及下方(但彼此不作直接電接觸),跡線本質上形成兩個電極。用於顯示器件上之傳統觸控面板通常利用的頂部玻璃層,其上已蝕刻氧化銦錫(ITO)或氧化銻錫(ATO)之透明行跡線,以及底部玻璃層,其上已蝕刻ITO列跡線。然而,若導體足夠薄(30微米等級上),則不需要使用透明跡線。此外,若不需要面板透明度(例如顯示器件上未使用觸控面板),導體可由不透明材料製成,例如銅。頂部及底部玻璃層由透明聚合物間隔物分離,其當作列與行跡線間之介電質。頂部與底部玻璃層上之跡線可具有大約5 mm之間距。 為掃描感測器面板,可將刺激施加於一列,而將所有其他列保持在直流電壓位準。當刺激一列時,可將調變輸出信號電容耦合至感測器面板之各行上。可將該等行連接至類比通道(本文亦稱為事件偵測及解調變電路)。對於受刺激之每一列,連接至一行之各類比通道產生一輸出值,其代表由於位於受刺激列及已連接行之交叉點的感測器處所發生之觸控或懸停事件而引起的調變輸出信號內之變化數量。針對感測器面板內之每一行獲得類比通道輸出值後,刺激一新列(所有其他列再次保持於直流電壓位準),並且獲得額外類比通道輸出值。當已刺激所有列並已獲得類比通道輸出值時,感測器面板可稱作已"被掃描",並且可在整個感測器面板上獲得觸控或懸停之完整"影像"。此觸控或懸停影像可包括用於面板內每一像素之類比通道輸出值(列及行),各輸出值代表在該特定位置偵測之觸控或懸停的數量。 由於列必須採用交流信號加以刺激或保持於直流電壓位準,並且因為必須將行連接至類比通道,以便可偵測、解調變調變輸出信號並將其轉換為輸出值,必須在感測器面板之介電質的任一側面上採用列及行形成電連接。因為列及行彼此垂直,連接至該等列及行之最直接方式係在感測器面板之一邊緣處接合一撓性電路(例如矩形面板之較短側面),以對行提供連接,並且將另一撓性電路接合至感測器面板之相鄰邊緣(例如矩形面板之較長側面),以對列提供連接。然而,由於撓性電路連接區域不在感測器面板之相同邊緣上,並且不在介電質之直接相反側面上,感測器面板必須製作得更大以容納該等兩個非重疊連接區域。 另外,當將透明電容觸控感測器面板接合至液晶顯示器 (LCD)時,LCD內之調變Vcom層可耦合至感測器面板之行上,導致雜訊顯現於該等行上。
可使用一基板建立一多觸控感測器面板,該基板具有使用新穎製造程序形成於其任一側面上之行及列跡線。撓性電路可用於將感測器面板任一側面上之行及列跡線連接至其相關聯感測器面板電路。沿基板邊緣延伸的由銅或其他高度導電金屬製成之跡線可用於將列跡線引向基板上與行跡線相同之邊緣,以便可在基板之直接相反側面上將撓性電路接合至基板之相同邊緣,從而最小化連接所需之區域並減小感測器面板之總體尺寸。單一撓性電路可係製造成於基板相同邊緣處連接至直接相反側面上的列及行。另外,可加寬列跡線以屏蔽行跡線免遭調變Vcom層。 可使用數個製造方法將行及列ITO跡線形成於DITO基板之兩側面上。在一項具體實施例中,可將基板放置於製造機器之輥子上,並可將一層ITO濺鍍於DITO基板之第一側面上並加以蝕刻(例如使用微影蝕刻技術)以形成行跡線。接著可在行跡線上施加保護光阻塗層(例如兩層光阻),並可將DITO基板翻轉,以便輥子僅接觸施加於第一側面上之光阻,而不接觸形成之行跡線。然後可將另一層ITO濺鍍於DITO基板之目前曝露後側上,並加以蝕刻以形成列跡線508。 若不需要金屬跡線,可剝離第一側面上之光阻,以完成程序。然而,若在邊緣處需要將金屬跡線連接至列跡線並將其引向基板之特定邊緣,可在列跡線上施加保護光阻塗層(例如兩層光阻),留下曝露之邊緣。接著可將金屬層濺鍍於光阻及曝露之邊緣上,然後可蝕刻金屬層以在邊緣形成金屬跡線。最後,可剝離所有剩餘光阻層。 單一撓性電路上之撓性電路部分可係為分別連接至DITO基板之任一側面上的列及行跡線以及主機處理器而形成。撓性電路亦可包括一電路區域,其上可安裝及連接多觸控子系統、多觸控面板處理器、高電壓驅動器及解碼器電路、EEPROM及一些本質較小組件(例如旁通電容器)以節省空間。 依據此發明之具體實施例,亦可針對屏蔽目的以及為了提供均勻外觀而加寬DITO基板之列。為防止調變Vcom層電容耦合至基板之行上,可加寬列。列數目不會改變,但其可更寬,僅在其間留下大約30微米之空間。由於該等較寬列未被隔離,而是保持於直流電壓或採用刺激電壓加以刺激,該等較寬列當作一屏蔽,其防止調變Vcom層電容耦合至行上。此外,由於該等列間之間距較窄,該等較寬列提供均勻外觀。因此,可從單一ITO層獲得屏蔽、調變及均勻外觀。
在以下較佳具體實施例之說明中,將會參考形成其一部分的附圖,且其中藉由說明方式來顯示可實踐本發明之特定具體實施例。應瞭解,在不背離本發明之較佳具體實施例之範疇的前提下,可使用其他具體實施例且可作出結構變化。 多觸控感測器面板及其相關聯感測器面板電路可能夠偵測大約同時發生之多觸控(觸控事件或接觸點),並識別及追蹤其位置。圖1說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例可採用電容多觸控感測器面板124操作的示範性計算系統100。可使用一基板建立一多觸控感測器面板124,該基板具有使用新穎製造程序形成於其任一側面上之行及列跡線。撓性電路可用於將感測器面板任一側面上之行及列跡線連接至其相關聯感測器面板電路。沿基板邊緣延伸的由銅或其他高度導電金屬製成之跡線可用於將列跡線引向基板上與行跡線相同之邊緣,以便可在基板之直接相反側面上將撓性電路接合至基板之相同邊緣,從而最小化連接所需之區域並減小感測器面板之總體尺寸。單一撓性電路可係製造成於基板相同邊緣處連接至直接相反側面上的列及行。另外,可加寬列跡線以屏蔽行跡線免遭調變Vcom層。 計算系統100可包括一或多個面板處理器102及周邊裝置104,以及面板子系統106。一或多個處理器102可包括,例如,ARM968處理器或具有相似功能性及能力之其他處理器。然而,在其他具體實施例中,可藉由專用邏輯,例如狀態機,代替實施面板處理器功能性。周邊裝置104可包括但不限於隨機存取記憶體(RAM)或其他類型之記憶體或儲存器、監視計時器等等。 面板子系統106可包括但不限於一或多個類比通道108、通道掃描邏輯110及驅動器邏輯114。通道掃描邏輯110可存取RAM 112,自主地從類比通道讀取資料以及為類比通道提供控制。此控制可包括將多觸控面板124之行多工化至類比通道108。此外,通道掃描邏輯110可控制驅動器邏輯及刺激信號,其係選擇性地施加於多觸控面板124之列。在一些具體實施例中,可將面板子系統106、面板處理器102及周邊裝置104整合至單一專用積體電路(ASIC)中。 驅動器邏輯114可提供多個面板子系統輸出116並可出現驅動較高電壓驅動器之專屬介面,其係由解碼器120及隨後位準偏移器與驅動器級118組成,儘管可在解碼器功能前實行位準偏移功能。位準偏移器與驅動器118可提供從低電壓位準(例如CMOS位準)至較高電壓位準134之位準偏移,從而提供用於雜訊減少目的之較佳訊號對雜訊(S/N)比。解碼器120可將驅動介面信號解碼為N個輸出之一,而N係面板內最大列數目。解碼器120可用於減小在較高電壓驅動器與面板124間需要的驅動線數目。各面板列輸入122可驅動面板124內之一或多列。在一些具體實施例中,可將驅動器118及解碼器120整合至單一ASIC內。然而,在其他具體實施例中,可將驅動器118及解碼器120整合至驅動器邏輯114內,而在其他具體實施例中,可完全排除驅動器118及解碼器120。 計算系統100亦可包括主機處理器128,其用於接收來自面板處理器102的輸出及根據輸出實行動作,其可包括但不限於移動物件(例如游標或指標);捲動或平移;調整控制設定;開啟檔案或文件;檢視功能表;作出選擇;執行指令;操作連接至主機器件之周邊器件;應答電話呼叫;撥打電話呼叫;終止電話呼叫;改變音量或音訊設定;儲存關於電話通信之資訊(例如地址、頻繁撥出號碼、已接聽呼叫、未接聽呼叫);登入至電腦或電腦網路上;允許經授權個體存取電腦或電腦網路之限制區域;載入與使用者對電腦桌面之較佳配置相關聯的使用者設定檔;允許存取網路內容;啟動特定程式;加密或解碼訊息及/或類似動作。主機處理器128亦可實行可能與面板處理無關的額外功能,並且可耦合至程式儲存器132及顯示器件130,例如液晶顯示器(LCD)以用於提供UI至器件使用者。 如上所述,在一些具體實施例中,多觸控面板124可包括電容感測介質,其具有藉由介電質分離的複數個列跡線或驅動線以及複數個行跡線或感測線(儘管亦可使用其他感測介質)。在一些具體實施例中,介電材料可為透明的,例如玻璃,或者可由其他材料形成,例如聚酯膠膜。列及行跡線可由透明導介電質形成,例如ITO或ATO,儘管亦可使用其他透明或不透明材料,例如銅。在一些具體實施例中,列及行跡線可彼此垂直,儘管在其他具體實施例中其他非正交及非笛卡爾方位也可行。例如,極性座標系統中,感測線可為同心圓,而驅動線可為徑向延伸線(或反之亦然)。因此應瞭解,本文所使用之術語"列"及"行"、"第一維度"及"第二維度"或"第一軸"及"第二軸"期望不僅包含正交格柵,而且包含具有第一及第二維度之其他幾何組態的交叉跡線(例如極性座標配置之同心及徑向線)。 在跡線之"交叉點",此處跡線經過彼此上方及下方(但彼此無直接電接觸),跡線本質上形成兩個電極(儘管亦可係多於兩個跡線交叉)。列及行跡線之各交叉點可代表電容感測節點,並可視為圖像元件(像素)126,其在多觸控面板124係視為捕捉觸控之"影像"時可特別有用。(換言之,在多觸控子系統106已決定是否在多觸控面板內之各觸控感測器處偵測觸控事件後,多觸控面板內發生觸控事件的觸控感測器之圖案可視為觸控之"影像" (例如觸控面板之手指的圖案)。)當將給定列保持在DC時,列與行電極間之電容在所有行上顯現為雜散電容,當採用AC信號刺激給定列時,其顯現為互電容Csig。可藉由對Csig測量變化偵測多觸控面板附近或其上之手指或其他物件之存在。多觸控面板124之行可驅動多觸控子系統106內之一或多個類比通道108(本文亦稱為事件偵測及解調變電路)。在一些具體實施例中,將各行耦合至一專用類比通道108。然而,在其他具體實施例中,行可經由類比開關耦合至較少數目之類比通道108。 圖2a說明示範性電容多觸控面板200。圖2a指示定位於列204及行206跡線之交叉點的各像素202存在雜散電容Cstray(儘管出於簡化圖式之目的圖2中僅說明用於一行之Cstray)。應注意,儘管圖2a說明實質上垂直的列204及行206,其不必如此對準,如上所述。圖2a之範例中,對一列施加AC刺激Vstim 214,而所有其他列係連接至直流。該刺激導致電荷透過交叉點處之互電容注入至行電極。此電荷係Qsig=Csig×Vstm。各行206可選擇性地連接至一或多個類比通道(參見圖1內之類比通道108)。 圖2b係穩態(無觸控)狀況下之示範性像素202的側視圖。圖2b中,顯示行206與列204跡線或藉由介電質210分離之電極間的互電容之電場線208的電場。 圖2c係動態(觸控)狀況下之示範性像素202的側視圖。圖2c中,已將手指212放置於像素202附近。手指212係信號頻率下之低阻抗物件,並具有自行跡線204至身體之交流電容Cfinger。身體具有大約200 pF之對接地自電容Cbody,其中Cbody遠大於Cfinger。若手指212阻擋列與行電極間的某些電場線208(退出介電質並通過列電極上方之空氣的該等邊緣場),透過手指及身體內固有的電容路徑將電場線分流至接地,因此,將穩態信號電容Csig減小DCsig。換言之,合併之身體及手指電容用以將Csig減小數量DCsig(本文中其亦可稱為Csig_sense),並且可當作對接地之分流或動態返迴路徑,從而阻擋某些電場而產生減小之淨信號電容。像素處之信號電容變為Csig - DCsig,其中Csig代表靜態(無觸控)成分,而DCsig代表動態(觸控)成分。應注意,由於手指、手掌或其他物件無力阻擋所有電場,特別係整體保留於介電材料內之該等電場,Csig-DCsig可始終非零。此外,應瞭解由於更用力或更完全地將手指按壓至多觸控面板上,手指可傾向於變平,從而阻擋越來越多的電場,因此DCsig係可變並代表將手指按至面板上的完全程度(即從"無觸控"至"完全觸控"之範圍)。 再次參考圖2a,如上所述,可將Vstim信號214施加於多觸控面板200內之一列,以便在出現手指、手掌或其他物件時可偵測信號電容變化。Vstim信號214可作為特定頻率下之一或多個脈衝列216得以產生,各脈衝列包括若干脈衝。儘管將脈衝列216顯示為方波,亦可使用其他波形,例如正弦波。可針對雜訊減少目的發送不同頻率下之複數個脈衝列216,以偵測及避免@雜訊頻率。Vstim信號214本質上將電荷注入至該列,並可@一次施加於多觸控面板200之一列,同時將所有其他列保持於直流位準。然而,在其他具體實施例中,可將多觸控面板分割成兩個或更多區段,同時將Vstim信號214施加於各區段內之一列,而該區域區段內之所有其他列係保持於直流電壓下。 耦合至一行之各類比通道測量形成於該行及列間的互電容。此互電容係由信號電容Csig及由於手指、手掌或其他身體部分或物件引起的該信號電容之任何變化Csig_sense組成。藉由類比通道提供之該等行值可在刺激單一列時並聯地加以提供,或者可串聯地加以提供。若已獲得代表用於行之信號電容的所有值,可刺激多觸控面板200內之另一列,而將所有其他列保持於直流電壓下,並可重複行信號電容測量。最後,若已將Vstim施加於所有列,並已捕捉用於所有列內之所有行的信號電容值(即已"掃描"整個多觸控面板200),則可針對整個多觸控面板200獲得所有像素值之"快照"。最初可將此快照資料儲存於多觸控子系統內,且稍後向外轉移以便藉由計算系統內之其他器件解譯,例如主機處理器。藉由計算系統獲得、儲存及解譯多重快照時,可能偵測、追蹤多觸控並用於實行其他功能。 如上所述,由於列可採用交流信號加以刺激或保持於直流電壓位準,並且因為需要將行連接至類比通道,以便可偵測、解調變調變輸出信號並將其轉換為輸出值,必須在感測器面板之介電質的任一側面上採用列及行形成電連接。 圖3係由頂部玻璃層302及底部玻璃層306形成之示範性電容觸控感測器面板300的分解透視圖,該頂部玻璃層上已蝕刻ITO透明行跡線304,而該底部玻璃層上已蝕刻ITO列跡線308。頂部及底部玻璃層302及306由透明聚合物間隔物310分離,其當作列與行跡線間之介電質。由於列及行彼此垂直,連接至該等列及行之最直接方式係在感測器面板之一邊緣處接合撓性電路312,以及在感測器面板之相鄰邊緣上接合另一撓性電路314。然而,由於該等撓性電路312及314之連接區域不在感測器面板300之相同邊緣上,並且不在介電質310之直接相反側面上,感測器面板必須製作得更大以容納該等兩個非重疊連接區域。 電容觸控感測器面板通常在兩片玻璃上形成列及行跡線,如圖3內所示,因為在單一基板之任一側面上形成行及列跡線已不切實際。在基板之一側面上形成ITO跡線的傳統方式需要在製造程序期間將基板放置於輥子上。然而,若接著翻轉基板以在第二側面上形成ITO跡線,輥子將損壞先前形成於基板之第一側面上的任何跡線。另外,當蝕刻用於蝕刻掉ITO之部分以在基板之一側面上形成跡線時,傳統上將整個基板放置於蝕刻浴槽內,其會蝕刻掉先前形成於基板之另一側面上的任何跡線。 圖4說明依據此發明之具體實施例使用具有行及列ITO跡線404及406之雙側ITO(DITO)基板402製造的示範性電容觸控感測器面板400,該等跡線係分別形成於基板之任一側面上並使用透明黏合劑412接合於蓋子408與LCD 410之間。基板402可由玻璃、塑膠、混合玻璃/塑膠材料等等形成。蓋子408可由玻璃、丙烯酸、藍寶石等等形成。欲分別連接至行及列跡線404及406,可在DITO 402之相同邊緣將兩個撓性電路部分414接合至直接相反側面,儘管亦可使用其他接合位置。 圖5係依據此發明之具體實施例具有形成於任一側面上之行502及列508的示範性DITO基板500(僅出於說明目的而顯著誇大其厚度)之分解透視圖。頂側上某些行ITO跡線502係選路至頸縮連接器區域504,此處其藉由撓性電路部分506離開面板,該撓性電路部分可以導電方式接合至DITO基板500之頂部。在一些具體實施例中,可將底側上之列ITO跡線508連接至薄金屬跡線510,其在底側邊緣一旁延伸。金屬跡線510可選路至連接器區域512,其可係直接相反連接器區域504,或至少位於DITO基板500與連接器區域504相同之邊緣上。在DITO基板500之相同邊緣提供連接器區域504及512可使基板及因此產品變得更小。另一撓性電路部分514可用於使列ITO跡線508離開面板。 可使用數個製造方法將行及列ITO跡線502及508形成於DITO基板500之兩個側面上。在一項具體實施例中,可將基板放置於製造機器之輥子上,並將一層ITO濺鍍於DITO基板500之第一側面上並加以蝕刻(例如使用微影蝕刻技術)以形成行跡線502。接著可在行跡線502上施加保護光阻塗層(例如兩層光阻),並可將DITO基板500翻轉,以便輥子僅接觸施加於第一側面上之光阻,而不接觸形成之行跡線。然後可將另一層ITO濺鍍於DITO基板500之目前曝露後側上,並加以蝕刻以形成列跡線508。 若不需要金屬跡線510,可剝離第一側面上之光阻,以完成程序。然而,若在邊緣處需要將金屬跡線510連接至列跡線508並將其引向基板之特定邊緣,可在列跡線508上施加保護光阻塗層(例如兩層光阻),留下曝露之邊緣。接著可將金屬層濺鍍於光阻及曝露之邊緣上,然後可蝕刻金屬層以在邊緣形成金屬跡線510。最後,可剝離所有剩餘光阻層。 亦可對上述程序作出少許變更。例如,可首先使用很簡單幾何形狀圖案化光阻,以僅覆蓋DITO基板之第二側面的內部區域,同時留下曝露之邊緣區域,形成DITO基板圖案化之第二側面。對於此變更,首先濺鍍金屬,然後剝離具有簡單幾何形狀之光阻,以僅留下邊緣區域內之金屬。接著,將ITO濺鍍於DITO基板之整個第二側面上。施加及圖案化第二光阻,以形成用於電極圖案之光罩。然後使用一系列蝕刻步驟以在最高ITO層及下方金屬層內形成電極圖案。第一蝕刻步驟僅蝕刻ITO,而第二蝕刻步驟僅蝕刻金屬層,其產生期望之電極幾何形狀。 圖6說明依據此發明之具體實施例的示範性撓性電路600,其包括用於分別連接至DITO基板之任一側面上的列及行跡線之撓性電路部分606及614,以及用於連接至主機處理器之撓性電路部分608。撓性電路600包括一電路區域602,其上可安裝及連接多觸控子系統、多觸控面板處理器、高電壓驅動器及解碼器電路(參見圖1)、EEPROM及一些本質較小組件,例如旁通電容器,以節省空間。可藉由使用頂部及底部屏蔽部分包圍電路區域602之EMI罐(未顯示)屏蔽電路區域602。可將底部罐黏合於器件之一結構,以保護電路區域。自此電路區域602,撓性電路600可經由撓性電路部分606連接至DITO基板之頂部,經由撓性電路部分614連接至DITO基板之底部,以及經由撓性電路部分608連接至主機處理器。 圖7係具有形成於任一側面上之行702及列708的示範性DITO基板700(僅出於說明目的而顯著誇大其厚度)之分解透視圖。如圖7所示,行跡線702可為大約1 mm寬,跡線間間距大約為4 mm,而列跡線708可為大約2 mm寬,列間間距大約為3 mm。為建立更均勻外觀,可在DITO基板700之任一側面上的行與列跡線702及708間形成ITO 704之較小隔離正方形,ITO之隔離正方形間具有較窄間距(例如大約30微米),使得DITO基板之任一側面提供類似於ITO之固體薄片的均勻外觀。 圖8說明依據此發明之具體實施例的示範性雙側觸控面板800以及蓋子802及液晶顯示器(LCD)804之堆疊。從頂部至底部,LCD 804可包括偏光器806、頂部玻璃層808、液晶層810、底部玻璃層812、偏光器814及背光816。 從頂部至底部,液晶層810可包括RGB彩色濾光器層818、平坦化層820、ITO導電未圖案化層(稱為Vcom層822),聚醯胺層824、液晶層826及聚醯胺層828。聚醯胺層828下方係ITO矩形及TFT之一層(本文統稱為TFT層830),各子像素具有一ITO矩形及TFT(此處三個子像素包含一像素)。 彩色濾光器層818提供三種RGB顏色,當藉由光照亮時其構成各像素,其中顏色比率決定該像素之顏色。平坦化層820可由透明塑膠形成,以平滑彩色濾光器層818之表面。Vcom代表"共同電壓",因為Vcom層822為TFT層830之ITO子像素提供一共同電壓。可將Vcom層822保持於恆定電壓(使用恆定Vcom電壓之LCD可稱為直流或恆定Vcom LCD)或採用交流信號加以調變。聚醯胺層824及828用於在液晶層826內預先對準液晶之方位。為建立用於一像素之顏色,用於TFT層830內之各子像素的ITO正方形可相對於Vcom層822具有施加於其之電壓,其使液晶對準並且使來自背光816之光通過液晶層826及通過彩色濾光器層818內之RGB彩色濾光器。 如上所述,儘管Vcom層822可保持恆定,在一些具體實施例中,可藉由調變信號(例如從大約1至4伏特之方波)驅動Vcom層。然而,當藉由調變信號驅動Vcom層822時,調變信號可透過雙側觸控面板800之底部上的列836之稀疏導體電容耦合(參見參考字元834)至行838上,導致該等行上之雜訊。應注意,列836稱為"稀疏",即使其包括許多緊密間隔之ITO正方形,因為正方形被隔離並且因此從屏蔽觀點可忽略其效應。另外應注意,儘管調變Vcom層822亦係電容耦合至列836上,因為該等列係藉由驅動器電路以低阻抗輸出驅動,任何電容耦合係分流至驅動器輸出,並具有可忽略之效應。然而,行838係設計成感測觸控面板之交流電容的較小變化,因此與調變Vcom層822之電容耦合可容易地視為接收該等行之類比通道處的雜訊。 圖9係依據此發明之具體實施例的示範性DITO基板900 (僅出於說明目的而顯著誇大其厚度)之透視圖,其說明用於屏蔽目的以及用於提供均勻外觀的列936之加寬。為防止調變Vcom層電容耦合至行938上,可如圖9所示加寬列936。列936數目不會改變,但現在其可更寬(例如大約4.97 mm),僅在其間留下大約30微米之空間。由於該等較寬列936未被隔離,而是保持於直流電壓或採用刺激電壓加以刺激,該等較寬列936當作一屏蔽,其防止調變Vcom層電容耦合至行938上。此外,由於該等列間之間距較窄,列936提供均勻外觀。因此,可從單一ITO層獲得屏蔽、調變及均勻外觀。應注意,儘管圖9說明形成於單一基板上之相反側面上的列及行,亦可在圖3所示之其他傳統觸控感測器面板上使用較寬列。該等較寬列之一替代方案係添加另一層ITO,作為LCD與DITO間之屏蔽,但此代表額外成本、額外厚度、光損失、及非所要之顏色偏移。 在一些具體實施例中,示範性DITO基板之頂側可包括行間隔離之ITO正方形,而底側可包括較寬列。底側上之列可經由沿底側之較長邊緣延伸的金屬跡線選路至撓性連接器區域。頂側及底側上之撓性連接器區域可位於DITO基板之相同邊緣上,但導體本身可位於非重疊區域內,以更容易地完成撓性電路之接合。 圖10a說明依據此發明之具體實施例的一示範性行動電話1136,其可包括電容觸控感測器面板1124及能夠連接至基板之兩個側面的撓性電路1134。可使用具有形成於基板之任一側面上的行及列ITO跡線之基板製造感測器面板1124,而金屬跡線沿基板之一側面的邊緣形成,以允許將撓性電路連接區域定位於基板之相同邊緣的相反側面上。另外,可製造具有較寬列之感測器面板1134,以提供調變Vcom層屏蔽以及均勻外觀。圖10b說明依據此發明之具體實施例的一示範性數位音訊/視訊播放器1138,其可包括電容觸控感測器面板1124及能夠連接至基板之兩個側面的撓性電路1134。可使用具有形成於基板之任一側面上的行及列ITO跡線之基板製造感測器面板1124,而金屬跡線沿基板之一側面的邊緣形成,以允許將撓性電路連接區域定位於基板之相同邊緣的相反側面上。另外,可製造具有較寬列之感測器面板1134,以提供調變Vcom層屏蔽以及均勻外觀。圖10a及10b之行動電話及數位音訊/視訊播放器可有利於受益於感測器面板1124,因為可使用單一、較薄、尺寸較小之感測器面板,並且僅需要一單一層ITO以提供屏蔽及均勻外觀。總體效應係減少之產品尺寸及製造成本。 儘管已參考附圖並結合具體實施例完整說明本發明,應注意熟習此項技術人士會明白各種變化及修改。此類變化及修改應理解為包括於由隨附申請專利範圍所定義的本發明之範疇內。
100‧‧‧計算系統
102‧‧‧面板處理器
104‧‧‧周邊裝置
106‧‧‧面板子系統
108‧‧‧類比通道
110‧‧‧通道掃描邏輯
112‧‧‧隨機存取記憶體(RAM)
114‧‧‧驅動器邏輯
116‧‧‧面板子系統輸出
118‧‧‧驅動器(級)
120‧‧‧解碼器
122‧‧‧面板列輸入
124‧‧‧多觸控感測器面板
126‧‧‧圖像元件
128‧‧‧主機處理器
130‧‧‧顯示器件
132‧‧‧程式儲存器
200‧‧‧電容多觸控面板
202‧‧‧像素
204‧‧‧列跡線
206‧‧‧行跡線
208‧‧‧電場線
210‧‧‧介電質
212‧‧‧手指
214‧‧‧Vstim
216‧‧‧脈衝列
218‧‧‧蓋子
302‧‧‧頂部玻璃層
300‧‧‧電容觸控感測器面板
304‧‧‧ITO透明行跡線
306‧‧‧底部玻璃層
308‧‧‧ITO列跡線
310‧‧‧透明聚合物間隔物/介電質
312‧‧‧撓性電路
314‧‧‧撓性電路
400‧‧‧電容觸控感測器面板
402‧‧‧雙側ITO基板
404‧‧‧行ITO跡線
406‧‧‧列ITO跡線
408‧‧‧蓋子
410‧‧‧LCD
412‧‧‧透明黏合劑
414‧‧‧撓性電路部分
500‧‧‧DITO基板
502‧‧‧ITO跡線
504‧‧‧頸縮連接器區域
506‧‧‧撓性電路部分
508‧‧‧ITO跡線
512‧‧‧連接器區域
514‧‧‧撓性電路部分
600‧‧‧撓性電路
602‧‧‧電路區域
606‧‧‧撓性電路部分
608‧‧‧撓性電路部分
614‧‧‧撓性電路部分
700‧‧‧DITO基板
704‧‧‧ITO
800‧‧‧雙側觸控面板
802‧‧‧蓋子
804‧‧‧液晶顯示器
806‧‧‧偏光器
808‧‧‧頂部玻璃層
810‧‧‧液晶層
812‧‧‧底部玻璃層
814‧‧‧偏光器
816‧‧‧背光
818‧‧‧RGB彩色濾光器層
820‧‧‧平坦化層
822‧‧‧Vcom層
824‧‧‧聚醯胺層
826‧‧‧液晶層
830‧‧‧TFT層
900‧‧‧DITO基板
1124‧‧‧電容觸控感測器面板
1134‧‧‧撓性電路
1136‧‧‧行動電話
1138‧‧‧數位音訊/視訊播放器
圖1說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例可採用電容多觸控感測器面板操作的示範性計算系統。 圖2a說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例的示範性電容多觸控面板。 圖2b係依據此發明之一項具體實施例處於穩態(無觸控)狀況下之示範性像素的側視圖。 圖2c係依據此發明之一項具體實施例處於動態(觸控)狀況下之示範性像素的側視圖。 圖3係由頂部玻璃層及底部玻璃層形成之示範性電容觸控感測器面板的分解透視圖,該頂部玻璃層上已蝕刻ITO透明行跡線,而該底部玻璃層上已蝕刻ITO列跡線。 圖4說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例使用具有行及列ITO跡線之雙側ITO(DITO)基板製造的示範性電容觸控感測器面板,該等跡線係形成於基板之任一側面上並使用透明黏合劑接合於蓋子與LCD之間。 圖5係依據此發明之一項具體實施例具有形成於任一側面上之行及列的示範性DITO基板(僅出於說明目的而顯著誇大其厚度)之分解透視圖。 圖6說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例的示範性撓性電路,其包括用於分別連接至DITO基板之任一側面上的列及行跡線之撓性電路部分,以及用於連接至主機處理器之撓性電路部分。 圖7係示範性DITO基板(僅出於說明目的而顯著誇大其厚度)之分解透視圖,其具有形成於任一側面上之行及列,以及用以提供均勻外觀的行與列間之較小隔離正方形。 圖8說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例的示範性雙側觸控面板以及蓋子及液晶顯示器(LCD)之堆疊。 圖9係依據此發明之一項具體實施例的示範性DITO基板(僅出於說明目的而顯著誇大其厚度)之透視圖,其說明用於屏蔽目的以及用於提供均勻外觀的列加寬。 圖10a說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例的一示範性行動電話,其可包括電容觸控感測器面板及能夠連接至基板之兩個側面的撓性電路。 圖10b說明依據此發明之一項具體實施例的一示範性數位音訊播放器,其可包括電容觸控感測器面板及能夠連接至基板之兩個側面的撓性電路。
100‧‧‧計算系統
102‧‧‧面板處理器
104‧‧‧周邊裝置
106‧‧‧面板子系統
108‧‧‧類比通道
110‧‧‧通道掃描邏輯
112‧‧‧隨機存取記憶體(RAM)
114‧‧‧驅動器邏輯
116‧‧‧面板子系統輸出
118‧‧‧驅動器(級)
120‧‧‧解碼器
122‧‧‧面板列輸入
124‧‧‧多觸控感測器面板
126‧‧‧圖像元件
128‧‧‧主機處理器
130‧‧‧顯示器件
132‧‧‧程式儲存器

Claims (18)

  1. 一種電容觸控感測器面板,其包含: 導電材料之一第一組跡線,其係沿著一二維度座標系統的一第一維度配置,該第一組跡線具有包括一最大寬度的一或多個寬度;及 導電材料之一第二組跡線,其於空間上藉由一介電質與該第一組跡線隔開及沿著該二維度坐標系統的一第二維度配置,該第二組跡線具有包括一最小寬度的一或多個寬度; 其中至少在該第一組跡線和該第二組跡線的一交叉點,該第二組跡線的該最小寬度係實質上大於該第一組跡線的該最大寬度,其為該第一組跡線提供免遭顯示干擾之屏蔽;及 其中藉由該介電質隔開之同時,若干個感測器係形成於該第一組跡線交叉該第二組跡線之位置。
  2. 如請求項1之電容觸控感測器面板,其進一步包含相鄰於該電容觸控感測器面板的一顯示器,該顯示器能夠發出雜訊,及該第二組跡線係經組態用以屏蔽該第一組跡線免遭該雜訊。
  3. 如請求項1之電容觸控感測器面板,其中該第二組跡線係變寬以實質上使該第一組跡線與自一顯示器之雜訊電隔離。
  4. 如請求項1之電容觸控感測器面板,其進一步包含併入該電容觸控感測器面板的一計算系統。
  5. 如請求項4之電容觸控感測器面板,其進一步包含併入該計算系統的一手持計算器件。
  6. 一種具有一電容觸控感測器面板之數位音訊播放器,該電容觸控感測器面板包含: 導電材料之一第一組跡線,其係沿著一二維度座標系統的一第一維度配置,該第一組跡線具有包括一最大寬度的一或多個寬度;及 導電材料之一第二組跡線,其於空間上藉由一介電質與該第一組跡線隔開及沿著該二維度坐標系統的一第二維度配置,該第二組跡線具有包括一最小寬度的一或多個寬度; 其中至少在該第一組跡線和該第二組跡線的一交叉點,該第二組跡線的該最小寬度係實質上大於該第一組跡線的該最大寬度,其為該第一組跡線提供免遭顯示干擾之屏蔽;及 其中藉由該介電質隔開之同時,若干個感測器係形成於該第一組跡線交叉該第二組跡線之位置。
  7. 如請求項6之數位音訊播放器,其進一步包含相鄰於該電容觸控感測器面板的一顯示器,該顯示器能夠發出雜訊,及該第二組跡線係經組態用以屏蔽該第一組跡線免遭該雜訊。
  8. 如請求項6之數位音訊播放器,其中該第二組跡線係變寬以實質上使該第一組跡線與自一顯示器之雜訊電隔離。
  9. 一種電容觸控感測器面板,其包含: 若干個感測跡線,其具有包括一最大寬度的一或多個寬度;及 若干個驅動跡線,其於空間上藉由一介電質與該等感測跡線隔開,該等驅動跡線具有包括一最小寬度的一或多個寬度,至少在該等感測跡線和該等驅動組跡線的一交叉點,該等驅動跡線的該最小寬度係實質上大於該等感測跡線的該最大寬度,其為該等感測跡線提供免遭顯示干擾之屏蔽; 其中藉由該介電質隔開之同時,若干個感測器形成於該等感測跡線交叉該等驅動跡線之位置。
  10. 如請求項9之電容觸控感測器面板,其進一步包含相鄰於該電容觸控感測器面板的一顯示器,該顯示器能夠發出雜訊,及該等驅動跡線係經組態用以屏蔽該等感測跡線免遭該雜訊。
  11. 如請求項9之電容觸控感測器面板,其中該等驅動跡線係變寬以實質上使該等感測跡線與自一顯示器之雜訊電隔離。
  12. 如請求項9之電容觸控感測器面板,其進一步包含併入該電容觸控感測器面板的一計算系統。
  13. 如請求項12之電容觸控感測器面板,其進一步包含併入該計算系統的一手持計算器件。
  14. 一種用於屏蔽一電容觸控感測器面板免遭自調變信號之電容耦合的方法,其包含: 形成一第一組感測跡線,其具有包括一最大寬度的一或多個寬度; 沿著一二維度座標系統之一第一維度定向該等感測跡線; 藉由一介電質,形成於空間上與該第一組感測跡線隔開之一第二組驅動跡線,該第二組驅動跡線具有包括一最小寬度的一或多個寬度,至少在該第一組跡線和該第二組跡線的一交叉點,該等驅動跡線的該最小寬度係實質上大於該等感測跡線的該最大寬度,其提供該等感測跡線免遭顯示干擾之屏蔽;及 藉由該介電質隔開之同時,沿著該二維度座標系統之一第二維度定向該等驅動跡線以在該等感測跡線交叉該等驅動跡線之位置形成感測器。
  15. 如請求項14之方法,其進一步包含附加相鄰於該電容觸控感測器面板的一側之一顯示器,其最靠近該等驅動跡線,該顯示器能夠發出雜訊。
  16. 如請求項14之方法,其進一步包含變寬該等驅動跡線使該等感測跡線與自一顯示器之雜訊電隔離。
  17. 一種用於屏蔽一電容觸控感測器面板免遭自電容耦合的一來源的方法,其包含: 形成一第一組跡線,相較於一第二組跡線,其離電容耦合的該來源較遠,該第一組跡線係組態以感測在互電容中的改變,該第一組跡線具有包括一最大寬度的一或多個寬度; 沿著一二維度座標系統之一第一維度,定向該第一組跡線; 形成該第二組跡線,相較於該第一組跡線,其離電容耦合的該來源較近,及於空間上藉由一介電質與該第一組跡線隔開,該第二組跡線具有包括一最小寬度的一或多個寬度,至少在該第一組跡線和該第二組跡線的一交叉點,該第二組跡線的該最小寬度係實質上大於該第一組跡線的該最大寬度,其為該第一組跡線提供免遭顯示干擾之屏蔽,該第二組跡線經組態用於藉由低阻抗驅動器輸出驅動;及 藉由該介電質隔開之同時,沿著該二維度座標系統之一第二維度,定向該第二組跡線以在該第一組跡線交叉該第二組跡線之位置形成感測器。
  18. 如請求項17之方法,其進一步包含變寬該等驅動跡線使該等感測跡線與自一顯示器之雜訊電隔離。
TW106113104A 2007-01-03 2008-01-03 電容觸控感測器面板、數位音訊播放器及用於屏蔽電容觸控感測器面板之方法 TWI625667B (zh)

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