TW201533164A - 硬化性聚矽氧組合物、其硬化物及光半導體裝置 - Google Patents
硬化性聚矽氧組合物、其硬化物及光半導體裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201533164A TW201533164A TW104102584A TW104102584A TW201533164A TW 201533164 A TW201533164 A TW 201533164A TW 104102584 A TW104102584 A TW 104102584A TW 104102584 A TW104102584 A TW 104102584A TW 201533164 A TW201533164 A TW 201533164A
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Abstract
本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物包含:(A)平均單元式:(R13SiO1/2)x(R22SiO2/2)y(R3SiO3/2)z(R1為烷基、烯基、芳基或芳烷基,R2為烷基或烯基,R3為烷基、芳基或芳烷基,其中,一分子中,R1~R3之至少0.5莫耳%為烯基,R3之至少1個為芳基或芳烷基,0.01≦x≦0.5、0.01≦y≦0.4、0.1≦z≦0.9且x+y+z=1)所表示之有機聚矽氧烷、(B)一分子中具有至少2個烯基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷、(C)一分子中具有至少2個與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之有機聚矽氧烷及(D)矽氫化反應用觸媒。本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物不僅螢光體分散性良好且可形成耐龜裂性之硬化物。
Description
本發明係關於一種硬化性聚矽氧組合物、該組合物之硬化物及使用該組合物而成之光半導體裝置。
硬化性聚矽氧組合物用於發光二極體(LED)等光半導體裝置中之光半導體元件之密封劑、保護劑、塗佈劑等。作為此種硬化性聚矽氧組合物,可例示如下硬化性聚矽氧組合物(參照專利文獻1及2),其包含:一分子中具有至少2個烯基與至少1個芳基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷、平均單元式:(RSiO3/2)a(R2SiO2/2)b(R3SiO1/2)c(SiO4/2)d(XO1/2)e{式中,R為相同或不同之一價烴基,其中,一分子中,全部R之0.1~40莫耳%為烯基,全部R之10莫耳%以上為芳基,X為氫原子或烷基,a為正數,b為0或正數,c為0或正數,d為0或正數,e為0或正數,且b/a為0~10之數,c/a為0~0.5之數,d/(a+b+c+d)為0~0.3之數,e/(a+b+c+d)為0~0.4之數}所表示之支鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷、一分子中具有至少2個與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之有機聚矽氧烷及矽氫化反應用觸媒;如下硬化性聚矽氧組合物(參照專利文獻3),其包含:一分子中具有至少2個烯基與至少1個芳基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷、平均單元式:(RSiO3/2)f(R2SiO2/2)g(R3SiO1/2)h{式中,R為相同或不同之一價烴基,其中,一分子中,全部R之0.5莫耳%以上為烯基,全部R之25莫耳
%以上為芳基,f、g及h分別為滿足0.30≦f≦0.60、0.30≦g≦0.55、f+g+h=1.00及0.10≦h/(f+g)≦0.30之數}所表示之支鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷、一分子中具有至少平均2個芳基與至少平均2個與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之有機聚矽氧烷及矽氫化反應用觸媒。
專利文獻1及2中,關於作為支鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷之具有式R'2SiO2/2(式中,R'為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基)所表示之矽氧烷單元者未作具體記載。又,專利文獻3中記載:若支鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷之含量相對於直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷100質量份而超過150質量份,則所獲得之硬化物對基材之密接性下降,故而欠佳。
一般於上述硬化性聚矽氧組合物中調配使用螢光體以轉換來自LED之發光波長,但由於螢光體缺乏分散性,故而螢光體會發生凝聚,其結果存在來自LED之光出現不均之課題。進而,若對經上述硬化性聚矽氧組合物之硬化物密封之LED施加較高電流值而使之持續發光,則亦存在硬化物產生龜裂之課題。
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2004-143361號公報
專利文獻2:日本專利特開2005-105217號公報
專利文獻3:日本專利特開2008-001828號公報
本發明之目的在於提供一種螢光體分散性良好且可硬化形成具有耐龜裂性之硬化物之硬化性聚矽氧組合物。又,本發明之另一目的在於提供一種螢光體分散性良好且具有耐龜裂性之硬化物。進而,本發明之另一目的在於提供一種可靠性優異之光半導體裝置。
本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物之特徵在於至少包含:(A)平均單元式:(R1 3SiO1/2)x(R2 2SiO2/2)y(R3SiO3/2)z
(式中,R1為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基、碳數2~12之烯基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基,R3為碳數1~12之烷基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,其中,一分子中,上述R1、R2及R3所表示之基之合計中之至少0.5莫耳%為上述烯基,上述R3所表示之基中之至少1個為上述芳基或上述芳烷基,x、y及z分別為滿足0.01≦x≦0.5、0.01≦y≦0.4、0.1≦z≦0.9且x+y+z=1之數)
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷、(B)一分子中具有至少2個烯基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷{相對於(A)成分100質量份為0.1~60質量份}、(C)一分子中具有至少2個與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之有機聚矽氧烷{使本成分所含之與矽原子鍵結之氫原子相對於(A)成分與(B)成分所含之烯基之合計1莫耳成為0.1~10莫耳的量}及(D)矽氫化反應用觸媒(促進本組合物硬化之量)。
本發明之硬化物之特徵在於:其係使上述組合物硬化而成。
本發明之光半導體裝置之特徵在於:光半導體元件經上述組合物之硬化物密封或被覆。
本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物具備螢光體分散性良好且可硬化形成具有耐龜裂性之硬化物之特徵。又,本發明之硬化物具備螢光體分散性良好且具有耐龜裂性之特徵。進而,本發明之光半導體裝置具備可靠性優異之特徵。
1‧‧‧光半導體元件
2‧‧‧引線框架
3‧‧‧引線框架
4‧‧‧接合線
5‧‧‧框材
6‧‧‧硬化性聚矽氧組合物之硬化物
圖1係作為本發明之光半導體裝置之一例的表面安裝型LED之剖面圖。
首先,詳細地說明本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物。
(A)成分係平均單元式:(R1 3SiO1/2)x(R2 2SiO2/2)y(R3SiO3/2)z
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷。
式中,R1為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基、碳數2~12之烯基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基。具體而言,可例示:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等烷基;乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、十一碳烯基、十二碳烯基等烯基;苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基等芳基;苄基、苯乙基、萘乙基、萘丙基、蒽乙基、菲乙基、芘乙基等芳烷基;及該等基上鍵結之氫原子之一部分或全部被取代為氯原子、溴原子等鹵素原子的基。
又,式中,R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基。具體而言,可例示:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等烷基;乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、十一碳烯基、十二碳烯基等烯基;及該等基上鍵結之氫原子之一部分或全部被取代為氯原子、溴原子等鹵素原子的基。上述R2較佳為均為上述烷基。
又,式中,R3為碳數1~12之烷基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基。具體而言,可例示:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、
己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等烷基;苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基等芳基;苄基、苯乙基、萘乙基、萘丙基、蒽乙基、菲乙基、芘乙基等芳烷基;及該等基上鍵結之氫原子之一部分或全部被取代為氯原子、溴原子等鹵素原子的基。
一分子中,上述R1、R2及R3所表示之基之合計、即與矽原子鍵結之全部有機基中之至少0.5莫耳%為上述烯基,較佳為乙烯基。進而,一分子中,上述R3所表示之基中之至少1個為上述芳基或上述芳烷基,較佳為苯基。
又,式中,x、y及z分別為滿足0.01≦x≦0.5、0.01≦y≦0.4、0.1≦z≦0.9且x+y+z=1之數,較佳為滿足0.05≦x≦0.45、0.05≦y≦0.4、0.2≦z≦0.8且x+y+z=1之數或滿足0.05≦x≦0.4、0.1≦y≦0.4、0.3≦z≦0.8且x+y+z=1之數。其原因在於:x若為上述範圍之下限以上,則硬化物不易產生黏膩,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則硬化物強度變得良好。又,其原因在於:y若為上述範圍之下限以上,則硬化物之伸長率提高,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則硬化物之機械特性提高。又,其原因在於:z若為上述範圍之下限以上,則硬化物之折射率變得良好、阻氣性變得良好,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則硬化物之機械特性提高。
(A)成分可為1種有機聚矽氧烷,又,亦可為至少2種有機聚矽氧烷之混合物。於(A)成分為至少2種有機聚矽氧烷之情形時,只要其混合物為上述平均單元式所表示者即可。作為此種有機聚矽氧烷之混合物,可列舉:包含式:R1 3SiO1/2所表示之矽氧烷單元、式:R2 2SiO2/2所表示之矽氧烷單元及式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元的有機聚矽氧烷,與包含式:R1 3SiO1/2所表示之矽氧烷單元、式:R2 2SiO2/2所表示之矽氧烷單元及式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元的有機聚矽氧烷
之混合物;包含式:R1 3SiO1/2所表示之矽氧烷單元、式:R2 2SiO2/2所表示之矽氧烷單元及式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元的有機聚矽氧烷,與包含式:R1 3SiO1/2所表示之矽氧烷單元及式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元的有機聚矽氧烷之混合物;包含式:R1 3SiO1/2所表示之矽氧烷單元、式:R2 2SiO2/2所表示之矽氧烷單元及式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元的有機聚矽氧烷,與包含式:R2 2SiO2/2所表示之矽氧烷單元及式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元的有機聚矽氧烷之混合物。進而,(A)成分亦於無損本發明之目的之範圍內含有式:SiO4/2所表示之矽氧烷單元。進而,亦於無損本發明之目的之範圍內對(A)成分中之矽原子鍵結甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基等烷氧基或羥基。
製備(A)成分之有機聚矽氧烷之方法並無限定,例如可列舉如下方法:使通式:R3SiY3
所表示之矽烷(I)、通式:R2 2SiY2
所表示之矽烷(II-1)及通式:R1 3SiOSiR1 3
所表示之二矽氧烷(III-1)於酸或鹼之存在下進行水解-縮合反應。
矽烷(I)係用以向所獲得之有機聚矽氧烷導入式:R3SiO3/2所表示之矽氧烷單元之原料。式中,R3為碳數1~12之烷基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,可例示與上述相同之基。又,式中,Y為烷氧基、醯氧基、鹵素原子或羥基。具體而言,可例示:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基等烷氧基,乙醯氧基等醯氧基,氯原子、溴原子等鹵素原子。
作為該矽烷(I),可例示:苯基三甲氧基矽烷、萘基三甲氧基矽烷、蒽基三甲氧基矽烷、菲基三甲氧基矽烷、芘基三甲氧基矽烷、苯
基三乙氧基矽烷、萘基三乙氧基矽烷、蒽基三乙氧基矽烷、菲基三乙氧基矽烷、芘基三乙氧基矽烷、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷等烷氧基矽烷;苯基三乙醯氧基矽烷、萘基三乙醯氧基矽烷、蒽基三乙醯氧基矽烷、菲基三乙醯氧基矽烷、芘基三乙醯氧基矽烷、甲基三乙醯氧基矽烷、乙基三乙醯氧基矽烷等醯氧基矽烷;苯基三氯矽烷、萘基三氯矽烷、蒽基三氯矽烷、菲基三氯矽烷、芘基三氯矽烷、甲基三氯矽烷、乙基三氯矽烷等鹵矽烷;苯基三羥基矽烷、萘基三羥基矽烷、蒽基三羥基矽烷、菲基三羥基矽烷、芘基三羥基矽烷、甲基三羥基矽烷、乙基三羥基矽烷等羥基矽烷。
又,矽烷(II-1)係用以向所獲得之有機聚矽氧烷導入式:R2 2SiO2/2所表示之矽氧烷單元之原料。式中,R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基,可例示與上述相同之基。又,式中,Y為烷氧基、醯氧基、鹵素原子或羥基,可例示與上述相同之基。
作為該矽烷(II-1),可例示:二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二丙基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙烯基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、二乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二丙基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙烯基二乙氧基矽烷等二烷氧基矽烷;二甲基二乙醯氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙醯氧基矽烷、甲基乙烯基二乙醯氧基矽烷等二醯氧基矽烷;二甲基二氯矽烷、二乙基二氯矽烷、二丙基二氯矽烷、甲基乙基二氯矽烷、甲基乙烯基二氯矽烷等二鹵矽烷;二甲基二羥基矽烷、二乙基二羥基矽烷、二丙基二羥基矽烷、甲基乙基二羥基矽烷、甲基乙烯基二羥基矽烷等二羥基矽烷。
又,二矽氧烷(III-1)係用以向所獲得之有機聚矽氧烷導入式:R1 3SiO1/2所表示之矽氧烷單元之原料。式中,R1為相同或不同之碳數
1~12之烷基、碳數2~12之烯基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,可例示與上述相同之基。
作為該二矽氧烷(III-1),可例示:1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二矽氧烷、1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷、1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四乙基二矽氧烷、1,1,3,3-四乙烯基-1,3-二甲基二矽氧烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙烯基二矽氧烷、1,3-二苯基-1,3-二乙烯基-1,3-二甲基二矽氧烷、1,1,3,3-四苯基-1,3-二乙烯基二矽氧烷。
於上述方法中,亦可代替矽烷(II-1)或與矽烷(II-1)一併使用通式:(R2 2SiO)p
所表示之環狀矽氧烷(II-2)。式中,R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基,可例示與上述相同之基。又,式中,p為3以上之整數。
作為該環狀矽氧烷(II-2),可例示:1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-八甲基環四矽氧烷、1,3,5,7-四乙烯基-1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷、1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-八乙基環四矽氧烷。
又,於上述方法中,亦可代替矽烷(II-1)及環狀矽氧烷(II-2)或者與矽烷(II-1)及/或環狀矽氧烷(II-2)一併使用通式:HO(R2 2SiO)qH
所表示之直鏈狀矽氧烷(II-3)。式中,R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基,可例示與上述相同之基。又,式中,q為2以上之整數。
作為該直鏈狀矽氧烷(II-3),可例示:分子鏈兩末端經矽烷醇基封端之二甲基矽氧烷低聚物、分子鏈兩末端經矽烷醇基封端之甲基乙烯基矽氧烷低聚物、分子鏈兩末端經矽烷醇基封端之二乙基矽氧烷低聚物、分子鏈兩末端經矽烷醇基封端之二丙基矽氧烷低聚物。
又,於上述方法中,亦可代替二矽氧烷(III-1)或與二矽氧烷(III-1)一併使用通式:R1 3SiY
所表示之矽烷(III-2)。式中,R1為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基、碳數2~12之烯基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,可例示與上述相同之基。又,式中,Y為烷氧基、醯氧基、鹵素原子或羥基,可例示與上述相同之基。
作為此種矽烷(III-2),可例示:三甲基甲氧基矽烷、三乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙烯基甲氧基矽烷、二乙基乙烯基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙烯基乙氧基矽烷、二乙基乙烯基乙氧基矽烷、二乙烯基甲基甲氧基矽烷、三乙烯基甲氧基矽烷、甲基苯基乙烯基甲氧基矽烷、甲基二苯基甲氧基矽烷、二苯基乙烯基甲氧基矽烷等烷氧基矽烷;三甲基乙醯氧基矽烷、二甲基乙烯基乙醯氧基矽烷、二乙基乙烯基乙醯氧基矽烷、二乙烯基甲基乙醯氧基矽烷、三乙烯基乙醯氧基矽烷、甲基苯基乙烯基乙醯氧基矽烷、甲基二苯基乙醯氧基矽烷、二苯基乙烯基乙醯氧基矽烷等醯氧基矽烷;三甲基氯矽烷、二甲基乙烯基氯矽烷、二乙基乙烯基氯矽烷、二乙烯基甲基氯矽烷、三乙烯基氯矽烷、甲基苯基乙烯基氯矽烷、甲基二苯基氯矽烷等鹵矽烷;三甲基羥基矽烷、二甲基乙烯基羥基矽烷、二乙基乙烯基羥基矽烷、二乙烯基甲基羥基矽烷、三乙烯基羥基矽烷、甲基苯基乙烯基羥基矽烷、甲基二苯基羥基矽烷等羥基矽烷。
又,上述方法中,視需要可使旨在向所獲得之有機聚矽氧烷導入式:SiO4/2所表示之矽氧烷單元之矽烷或矽氧烷低聚物反應。作為此種矽烷,可例示:四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷等烷氧基矽烷;四乙醯氧基矽烷等乙醯氧基矽烷;四氯矽烷等鹵矽烷。又,作為矽氧烷低聚物,可例示:四甲氧基矽烷之部分水解物、四乙氧基矽烷之部分
水解物。
上述方法之特徵在於:使矽烷(I)、矽烷(II-1)及二矽氧烷(III-1),或者代替矽烷(II-1)或與矽烷(II-1)一併使用之環狀矽氧烷(II-2)及/或直鏈狀矽氧烷(II-3),進而代替二矽氧烷(III-1)或與二矽氧烷(III-1)一併使用之矽烷(III-2),進而視需要之其他矽烷或矽氧烷低聚物於酸或鹼之存在下進行水解-縮合反應。再者,上述製備方法中所使用之矽烷(I)之至少1種為具有碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基者,矽烷(II-1)、環狀矽氧烷(II-2)、直鏈狀矽氧烷(II-3)、二矽氧烷(III-1)及矽烷(III-2)之至少1種為具有碳數2~12之烯基者。
又,作為上述方法中使用之酸,可例示:鹽酸、乙酸、甲酸、硝酸、草酸、硫酸、磷酸、多磷酸、多元羧酸、三氟甲磺酸、離子交換樹脂。又,作為上述方法中使用之鹼,可例示:氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鈉等無機鹼;三乙基胺、二乙基胺、單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、氨水、氫氧化四甲基銨、具有胺基之烷氧基矽烷、胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等有機鹼化合物。
又,上述方法中,亦可使用有機溶劑。作為該有機溶劑,可例示:醚類、酮類、乙酸酯類、芳香族或脂肪族烴、γ-丁內酯及該等2種以上之混合物。作為較佳之有機溶劑,可例示:丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丁醚、丙二醇單第三丁醚、γ-丁內酯、甲苯、二甲苯。
上述方法中,為了促進水解-縮合反應,較佳為添加水、或水與醇之混合液。作為該醇,較佳為甲醇、乙醇。又,該反應會藉由加熱而得到促進,於使用有機溶劑之情形時,較佳為於其回流溫度下進行反應。
(B)成分係一分子中具有至少2個烯基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷。作為(B)成分中之烯基,可例示:乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、戊烯基、
己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、十一碳烯基、十二碳烯基,較佳為乙烯基。又,作為(B)成分中之烯基以外之鍵結於矽原子之基,可例示:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等烷基;苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基等芳基;苄基、苯乙基、萘乙基、萘丙基、蒽乙基、菲乙基、芘乙基等芳烷基;及該等基上鍵結之氫原子之一部分或全部被取代為氯原子、溴原子等鹵素原子的基,較佳為甲基、苯基。(B)成分於25℃下之黏度並無限定,較佳為10~10,000,000mPa‧s之範圍內、10~1,000,000mPa‧s之範圍內或10~100,000mPa‧s之範圍內。其原因在於:(B)成分之黏度若為上述範圍之下限以上,則所獲得之硬化物之機械強度提高,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則所獲得之組合物之處理作業性提高。
作為(B)成分,可例示如下所示之有機聚矽氧烷。再者,式中,Me、Vi、Ph分別表示甲基、乙烯基、苯基,m及m'分別為1以上之整數。
ViMe2SiO(Me2SiO)mSiMe2Vi
ViPhMeSiO(Me2SiO)mSiMePhVi
ViPh2SiO(Me2SiO)mSiPh2Vi
ViMe2SiO(Me2SiO)m(Ph2SiO)m'SiMe2Vi
ViPhMeSiO(Me2SiO)m(Ph2SiO)m'SiPhMeVi
ViPh2SiO(Me2SiO)m(Ph2SiO)m'SiPh2Vi
ViMe2SiO(MePhSiO)mSiMe2Vi
MePhViSiO(MePhSiO)mSiMePhVi
Ph2ViSiO(MePhSiO)mSiPh2Vi
ViMe2SiO(Ph2SiO)m(PhMeSiO)m'SiMe2Vi
ViPhMeSiO(Ph2SiO)m(PhMeSiO)m'SiPhMeVi
ViPh2SiO(Ph2SiO)m(PhMeSiO)m'SiPh2Vi
本組合物中,關於(B)成分之含量,相對於(A)成分100質量份為0.1~60質量份之範圍內,較佳為0.1~50質量份之範圍內或0.1~40質量份之範圍內。其原因在於:(B)成分之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則可對硬化物賦予柔軟性,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則硬化物之機械特性良好。
(C)成分係一分子中具有至少2個與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之有機聚矽氧烷。作為(C)成分之分子結構,例如可列舉:直鏈狀、一部分具有分支之直鏈狀、支鏈狀、環狀、樹枝狀,較佳為直鏈狀、一部分具有分支之直鏈狀、樹枝狀。(C)成分中之與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之鍵結位置並無限定,例如可列舉分子鏈末端及/或分子鏈側鏈。又,作為(C)成分中之氫原子以外之鍵結於矽原子之基,可例示:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等烷基;苄基、苯乙基、萘乙基、萘丙基、蒽乙基、菲乙基、芘乙基等芳烷基;氯甲基、3-氯丙基、3,3,3-三氟丙基等鹵化烷基;3-縮水甘油氧基丙基、4-縮水甘油氧基丁基等縮水甘油氧基烷基;2-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基、3-(3,4-環氧環己基)丙基等環氧環己基烷基。又,(C)成分於25℃下之黏度並無限定,較佳為1~10,000mPa‧s之範圍內或1~1,000mPa‧s之範圍內。
作為(C)成分,可例示:1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷、1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷、三(二甲基氫矽烷氧基)甲基矽烷、三(二甲基氫矽烷氧基)苯基矽烷、1-(3-縮水甘油氧基丙基)-1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷、1,5-二(3-縮水甘油氧基丙基)-1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷、1-(3-縮水甘油氧基丙基)-5-三甲氧基矽烷基乙基-1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷、分子鏈兩末端經三甲基矽烷氧基封端之甲基氫聚矽氧烷、分子鏈兩末端經三甲基矽烷氧基封端之二甲基矽氧烷-甲基氫矽氧烷共聚物、分子鏈
兩末端經二甲基氫矽烷氧基封端之二甲基聚矽氧烷、分子鏈兩末端經二甲基氫矽烷氧基封端之二苯基聚矽氧烷、分子鏈兩末端經二甲基氫矽烷氧基封端之二甲基矽氧烷-甲基氫矽氧烷共聚物、分子鏈兩末端經三甲基矽烷氧基封端之甲基氫矽氧烷-二苯基矽氧烷共聚物、分子鏈兩末端經三甲基矽烷氧基封端之甲基氫矽氧烷-二苯基矽氧烷-二甲基矽氧烷共聚物、三甲氧基矽烷之水解縮合物、包含(CH3)2HSiO1/2單元與SiO4/2單元之共聚物、及包含(CH3)2HSiO1/2單元與SiO4/2單元及(C6H5)SiO3/2單元之共聚物以及該等至少2種之混合物。
進而,作為(C)成分,可例示如下所示之有機矽氧烷。再者,式中,Me、Ph、Naph分別表示甲基、苯基、萘基,n及n'分別為1以上之整數,i、j、k及l分別為滿足0<i<1、0<j<1、0<k<1、0<l<1且i+j+k+l=1之數。
HMe2SiO(Ph2SiO)nSiMe2H
HMePhSiO(Ph2SiO)nSiMePhH
HMeNaphSiO(Ph2SiO)nSiMeNaphH
HMePhSiO(Ph2SiO)n(MePhSiO)n'SiMePhH
HMePhSiO(Ph2SiO)n(Me2SiO)n'SiMePhH
(HMe2SiO1/2)i(PhSiO3/2)j
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(PhSiO3/2)j
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(NaphSiO3/2)j
(HMe2SiO1/2)i(NaphSiO3/2)j
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(HMe2SiO1/2)j(PhSiO3/2)k
(HMe2SiO1/2)i(SiO4/2)j
(HMe2SiO1/2)i(SiO4/2)j(PhSiO3/2)k
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(SiO4/2)j(PhSiO3/2)k
(HMe2SiO1/2)i(SiO4/2)j(NaphSiO3/2)k
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(SiO4/2)j(NaphSiO3/2)k
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(HMe2SiO1/2)j(NaphSiO3/2)k
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(HMe2SiO1/2)j(SiO4/2)k(NaphSiO3/2)l
(HMePhSiO1/2)i(HMe2SiO1/2)j(SiO4/2)k(PhSiO3/2)l
本組合物中,(C)成分之含量係使本成分所含之與矽原子鍵結之氫原子相對於(A)成分與(B)成分所含之烯基之合計1莫耳成為0.1~10莫耳之範圍內的量,較佳為成為0.5~5莫耳之範圍內的量。其原因在於:(C)成分之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則所獲得之組合物充分硬化,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則所獲得之硬化物之耐熱性提高,進而使用本組合物所製作之光半導體裝置之可靠性提高。
(D)成分係用以促進本組合物硬化之矽氫化反應用觸媒。作為(D)成分,可例示:鉑系觸媒、銠系觸媒、鈀系觸媒,較佳為鉑系觸媒。作為該鉑系觸媒,可例示:鉑微粉末、鉑黑、擔載有鉑之二氧化矽微粉末、擔載有鉑之活性碳、氯鉑酸、氯鉑酸之醇溶液、鉑之烯烴錯合物、鉑之烯基矽氧烷錯合物等鉑系化合物。
本組合物中,(D)成分之含量係可促進本組合物硬化之量,具體而言係使該觸媒中之金屬原子相對於本組合物以質量單位計成為0.01~1,000ppm之範圍內的量。其原因在於:(D)成分之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則所獲得之組合物充分進行硬化,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則所獲得之硬化物不易著色。
本組合物中亦可含有(E)矽氫化反應抑制劑以延長於常溫下之使用壽命、提高保存穩定性。作為(E)成分,可例示:1-乙炔基環己烷-1-醇、2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇、3,5-二甲基-1-己炔-3-醇、2-苯基-3-丁炔-2-醇等炔醇;3-甲基-3-戊烯-1-炔、3,5-二甲基-3-己烯-1-炔等烯炔化合物;1,3,5,7-四甲基-1,3,5,7-四乙烯基環四矽氧烷、1,3,5,7-四甲基-
1,3,5,7-四己烯基環四矽氧烷等甲基烯基矽氧烷低聚物;二甲基雙(3-甲基-1-丁炔-3-氧基)矽烷、甲基乙烯基雙(3-甲基-1-丁炔-3-氧基)矽烷等炔氧基矽烷及異氰尿酸三烯丙酯系化合物。
(E)成分之含量並無限定,相對於(A)成分~(C)成分之合計100質量份,較佳為0.01~3質量份之範圍內或0.01~1質量份之範圍內。其原因在於:(E)成分之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則本組合物具有適度之使用壽命,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則本組合物具有適度之作業性。
進而,本組合物中亦可含有(F)接著促進劑以進一步提高對硬化中所接觸之基材之接著性。作為(F)成分,較佳為一分子中具有至少1個鍵結於矽原子之烷氧基之有機矽化合物。作為該烷氧基,可例示:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基及甲氧基乙氧基,較佳為甲氧基、乙氧基。又,作為該有機矽化合物中之鍵結於矽原子之烷氧基以外之基,可例示:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等烷基;乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、十一碳烯基、十二碳烯基等烯基;苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基等芳基;苄基、苯乙基、萘乙基、萘丙基、蒽乙基、菲乙基、芘乙基等芳烷基;及該等基上鍵結之氫原子之一部分或全部被取代為氯原子、溴原子等鹵素原子的基;3-縮水甘油氧基丙基、4-縮水甘油氧基丁基等縮水甘油氧基烷基;2-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基、3-(3,4-環氧環己基)丙基等環氧環己基烷基;4-環氧乙烷基丁基及8-環氧乙烷基辛基等環氧乙烷基烷基;3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基等丙烯醯氧基烷基;另外,亦可例示:異氰酸酯基、異氰尿酸酯基、氫原子。
該有機矽化合物較佳為具有可與本組合物中之烯基或與矽原子鍵結之氫原子發生反應的基,具體而言,較佳為具有與矽原子鍵結之
氫原子或烯基。作為該矽化合物之分子結構,可例示:直鏈狀、一部分具有分支之直鏈狀、支鏈狀、環狀、網狀,尤佳為直鏈狀、支鏈狀、網狀。作為此種有機矽化合物,可例示:3-縮水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、2-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等矽烷化合物;一分子中具有與矽原子鍵結之烯基或與矽原子鍵結之氫原子、及與矽原子鍵結之烷氧基各至少1個的矽氧烷化合物,具有至少1個與矽原子鍵結之烷氧基之矽烷化合物或矽氧烷化合物、與一分子中具有與矽原子鍵結之羥基及與矽原子鍵結之烯基各至少1個之矽氧烷化合物的混合物,平均單元式:
(式中,r、s及t分別為正數)
所表示之矽氧烷化合物,平均單元式:
(式中,r、s、t及u分別為正數)
所表示之矽氧烷化合物。
(F)成分之含量並無限定,較佳為相對於(A)成分~(C)成分之合計100質量份為0.1~5質量份之範圍內或1~5質量份之範圍內。其原因在於:(F)成分之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則接著性良好,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則保存穩定性良好。
進而,本組合物中亦可含有(G)螢光體以轉換來自光半導體元件
之發光波長。作為(G)成分,例如可列舉廣泛用於發光二極體(LED)之包含氧化物系螢光體、氮氧化物系螢光體、氮化物系螢光體、硫化物系螢光體、氧硫化物系螢光體等之黃色、紅色、綠色及藍色發光螢光體。作為氧化物系螢光體,可例示:包含鈰離子之釔、鋁、石榴石系之YAG系綠色~黃色發光螢光體,包含鈰離子之鋱、鋁、石榴石系之TAG系黃色發光螢光體,及包含鈰或銪離子之矽酸鹽系綠色~黃色發光螢光體。作為氮氧化物系螢光體,可例示包含銪離子之矽、鋁、氧、氮系之賽隆(Sialon)系紅色~綠色發光螢光體。作為氮化物系螢光體,可例示包含銪離子之鈣、鍶、鋁、矽、氮系之eousin系紅色發光螢光體。作為硫化物系螢光體,可例示包含銅離子或鋁離子之ZnS系綠色發色螢光體。作為氧硫化物系螢光體,可例示包含銪離子之Y2O2S系紅色發光螢光體。可將該等螢光體中之2種以上組合使用。
(G)成分之平均粒徑並無限定,較佳為1~50μm之範圍內或5~20μm之範圍內。其原因在於:(G)成分之平均粒徑粒若為上述範圍之下限以上,則可抑制混合時之黏度上升,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則透光性變得良好。
關於(G)成分之含量,相對於(A)成分~(C)成分之合計量為0.1~70質量%之範圍內,較佳為1~70質量%之範圍內或5~70質量%之範圍內。其原因在於:(G)成分之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則可效率良好地進行波長轉換,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則所獲得之組合物之處理作業性提高。
進而,本組合物中亦可含有平均粒徑為0.1nm~5μm之選自由如下微粉末所組成之群中之至少一種以充分抑制因空氣中含硫氣體引起之光半導體裝置中銀電極或基板鍍銀層之變色,上述微粉末係表面經選自由Al、Ag、Cu、Fe、Sb、Si、Sn、Ti、Zr及稀土類元素所組成之群中之至少1種元素之氧化物被覆的氧化鋅微粉末,表面經不具有烯
基之有機矽化合物處理過之氧化鋅微粉末,及碳酸鋅之水合物微粉末。
表面經氧化物被覆之氧化鋅微粉末中,作為稀土類元素,可例示:釔、鈰、銪。作為氧化鋅微粉末表面之氧化物,可例示:Al2O3、AgO、Ag2O、Ag2O3、CuO、Cu2O、FeO、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、Sb2O3、SiO2、SnO2、Ti2O3、TiO2、Ti3O5、ZrO2、Y2O3、CeO2、Eu2O3及該等氧化物中之2種以上之混合物。
該粉末之含量並無限定,較佳為相對於本組合物以質量單位計為1ppm~10%之範圍內之量或1ppm~5%之範圍內之量。其原因在於:該粉末之含量若為上述範圍之下限以上,則可充分抑制因含硫氣體引起之光半導體裝置中銀電極或基板鍍銀層之變色,另一方面,若為上述範圍之上限以下,則不會損害所獲得之組合物之流動性。
又,自可進一步抑制因空氣中含硫氣體引起之光半導體裝置中銀電極或基板鍍銀層之變色考慮,本組合物中亦可含有三唑系化合物。作為該三唑系化合物,可例示:1H-1,2,3-三唑、2H-1,2,3-三唑、1H-1,2,4-三唑、4H-1,2,4-三唑、2-(2'-羥基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、1H-1,2,3-三唑、2H-1,2,3-三唑、1H-1,2,4-三唑、4H-1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、甲苯三唑、羧基苯并三唑、1H-苯并三唑-5-羧酸甲酯、3-胺基-1,2,4-三唑、4-胺基-1,2,4-三唑、5-胺基-1,2,4-三唑、3-巰基-1,2,4-三唑、氯苯并三唑、硝基苯并三唑、胺基苯并三唑、環己烷并[1,2-d]三唑、4,5,6,7-四羥基甲苯三唑、1-羥基苯并三唑、乙基苯并三唑、萘并三唑、1-N,N-雙(2-乙基己基)-[(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]胺、1-[N,N-雙(2-乙基己基)胺基甲基]苯并三唑、1-[N,N-雙(2-乙基己基)胺基甲基]甲苯三唑、1-[N,N-雙(2-乙基己基)胺基甲基]羧基苯并三唑、1-[N,N-雙(2-羥基乙基)-胺基甲基]苯并三唑、1-[N,N-雙(2-羥基乙基)-胺基甲基]甲苯三唑、1-[N,N-雙(2-羥基乙基)-胺基甲基]羧基苯并三唑、1-[N,N-
雙(2-羥基丙基)胺基甲基]羧基苯并三唑、1-[N,N-雙(1-丁基)胺基甲基]羧基苯并三唑、1-[N,N-雙(1-辛基)胺基甲基]羧基苯并三唑、1-(2',3'-二-羥基丙基)苯并三唑、1-(2',3'-二-羧基乙基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-3',5'-二第三丁基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-3',5'-戊基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-4'-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-5'-第三丁基苯基)苯并三唑、1-羥基苯并三唑-6-羧酸、1-油醯基苯并三唑、1,2,4-三唑-3-醇、5-胺基-3-巰基-1,2,4-三唑、5-胺基-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸、1,2,4-三唑-3-羧基醯胺、4-胺基脲唑及1,2,4-三唑-5-酮。該三唑系化合物之含量並無特別限定,為於本組合物中以質量單位計成為0.01ppm~3%之範圍內之量,較佳為成為0.1ppm~1%之範圍內之量。
進而,只要無損本發明之目的,則本組合物中亦可含有如下其他任意成分,即,二氧化矽、玻璃、氧化鋁、氧化鋅等無機質填充劑,聚甲基丙烯酸酯樹脂等有機樹脂微粉末,耐熱劑、染料、顏料、阻燃性賦予劑、溶劑等。
本組合物於25℃下之黏度並無限定,較佳為100~500,000mPa‧s之範圍內或100~100,000mPa‧s之範圍內。上述本組合物可於室溫下或加熱下進行硬化,為了使之快速硬化,較佳為進行加熱。作為該加熱溫度,較佳為50~200℃之範圍內。
其次,詳細地說明本發明之硬化物。
本發明之硬化物之特徵在於:其係使上述硬化性聚矽氧組合物硬化而成。硬化物之形狀並無特別限定,例如可列舉:片狀、膜狀。又,該硬化物亦可為密封或被覆光半導體元件等之狀態。
其次,詳細地說明本發明之光半導體裝置。
本發明之光半導體裝置之特徵在於:其係光半導體元件經上述硬化性聚矽氧組合物之硬化物密封或被覆而成。作為上述本發明之光半導體裝置,可例示:發光二極體(LED)、光電耦合器、CCD(Charge
Coupled Deviee,電荷耦合裝置)。又,作為光半導體元件,可例示:發光二極體(LED)晶片、固體攝像元件。
將作為本發明之光半導體裝置之一例的單獨體之表面安裝型LED之剖面圖示於圖1。圖1所示之LED中,光半導體元件1被黏晶於引線框架2上,該光半導體元件1與引線框架3藉由接合線4而打線接合。該光半導體元件1之周圍設置有框材5,該框材5內側之半導體元件1經本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物之硬化物6密封。
作為製造圖1所示之表面安裝型LED之方法,可例示如下方法,即,將光半導體元件1黏晶於引線框架2,藉由金製接合線4將該半導體元件1與引線框架3進行打線接合,繼而,向設置於光半導體元件1周圍之框材5內側填充本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物後,藉由於50~200℃下加熱而使之硬化。
藉由實施例詳細地說明本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物、其硬化物及光半導體裝置。再者,實施例中之黏度係25℃下之值,式中,Me、Vi、Ph、Ep分別表示甲基、乙烯基、苯基、3-縮水甘油氧基丙基。又,以如下方式測定硬化性聚矽氧組合物及其硬化物之特性,將其結果示於表1。
藉由阿貝折射率計測定硬化性聚矽氧組合物於25℃下之折射率。再者,測定時使用589nm之光源。
利用牙科混合器相對於硬化性聚矽氧組合物100質量份混合作為(G)成分之YAG系螢光體(INTEMATIX公司製造之MX311(B))3質量份。其後,將含有螢光體之硬化性聚矽氧組合物塗佈於玻璃板上,藉由於150℃之烘箱中加熱1小時而使之硬化。以目視觀察所獲得之硬化
物中螢光體之分散狀態,以如下方式評估其結果。
○:螢光體均勻地分散。
Δ:螢光體之一部分凝聚。
×:螢光體之大部分凝聚。
利用牙科混合器相對於硬化性聚矽氧組合物100質量份混合作為(G)成分之YAG系螢光體(INTEMATIX公司製造之MX311(B))50質量份,製備含螢光體之硬化性聚矽氧組合物。
其次,使用該含螢光體之硬化性聚矽氧組合物,製作圖1所示之光半導體裝置。再者,將硬化性聚矽氧組合物於150℃下加熱3小時使之硬化。對所獲得之光半導體裝置施加520mA之電荷,於85℃、濕度85%之條件下將其點亮,於該狀態進行耐久試驗。400小時後使用電子顯微鏡確認密封材外觀,以如下方式評估其結果。
○:密封材上未觀察到龜裂。
Δ:於一部分密封材觀察到龜裂。
×:於全部密封材觀察到龜裂。
於附攪拌機、回流冷卻管及溫度計之四口燒瓶中投入1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷70.6g(0.38mol)、八甲基環四矽氧烷56.2g(0.19mol)、苯基三甲氧基矽烷450.5g(2.27mol)及三氟甲磺酸0.35g,於攪拌下歷時30分鐘滴加水122.8g(6.81mol)。滴加結束後,加熱至85℃,將所生成之甲醇蒸餾去除。其次,投入甲苯105g及30質量%-氫氧化鉀水溶液2.8g,並共沸脫水。其後,於125℃下保持6小時後,冷卻至室溫,利用乙酸0.9g進行中和。過濾分離所生成之鹽後,於加熱減壓下自所獲得之透明溶液中去除低沸點成分,製備無色透明且數量平均分子量為1,400之平均單元式:
(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.20(Me2SiO2/2)0.20(PhSiO3/2)0.60
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷400g(產率:95%)。
於附攪拌機、回流冷卻管及溫度計之四口燒瓶中投入1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷54.7g(0.29mol)、八甲基環四矽氧烷87.1g(0.29mol)、苯基三甲氧基矽烷427.0g(2.15mol)及三氟甲磺酸0.34g,於攪拌下歷時30分鐘滴加水110.8g(6.15mol)。滴加結束後,加熱至85℃,將所生成之甲醇蒸餾去除。投入甲苯105g及30質量%-氫氧化鉀水溶液2.8g,並共沸脫水。其後,於125℃下保持6小時後,冷卻至室溫,利用乙酸0.9g進行中和。過濾分離所生成之鹽後,於加熱減壓下自所獲得之透明溶液中去除低沸點成分,製備無色透明且數量平均分子量為1,800之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.15(Me2SiO2/2)0.30(PhSiO3/2)0.55
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷400g(產率:95%)。
於附攪拌機、回流冷卻管及溫度計之四口燒瓶中投入1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷63.4g(0.34mol)、1,3,5,7-四苯基-1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷92.7g(0.17mol)、苯基三甲氧基矽烷404.9g(2.04mol)及三氟甲磺酸0.35g,於攪拌下歷時30分鐘滴加水110.4g(6.13mol)。滴加結束後,加熱至85℃,將所生成之甲醇蒸餾去除。投入甲苯105g及30質量%-氫氧化鉀水溶液2.8g,並共沸脫水。其後,於125℃下保持6小時後,冷卻至室溫,利用乙酸0.9g進行中和。過濾分離所生成之鹽後,於加熱減壓下自所獲得之透明溶液中去除低沸點成分,製備無色透明且數量平均分子量為1,300之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.20(PhMeSiO2/2)0.20(PhSiO3/2)0.60
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷400g(產率:95%)。
於附攪拌機、回流冷卻管及溫度計之四口燒瓶中投入1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷46.6g(0.25mol)、1,3,5,7-四苯基-1,3,5,7-四甲基環四矽氧烷136.3g(0.25mol)、苯基三甲氧基矽烷363.8g(1.83mol)及三氟甲磺酸0.35g,於攪拌下歷時30分鐘滴加水99.2g(5.50mol)。滴加結束後,加熱至85℃,將所生成之甲醇蒸餾去除。投入甲苯105g及30質量%-氫氧化鉀水溶液2.8g,並共沸脫水。其後,於125℃下保持6小時後,冷卻至室溫,利用乙酸0.9g進行中和。過濾分離所生成之鹽後,於加熱減壓下自所獲得之透明溶液中去除低沸點成分,製備無色透明且數量平均分子量為1,400之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.15(PhMeSiO2/2)0.30(PhSiO3/2)0.55
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷400g(產率:95%)。
於反應容器中投入式:HO(Me2SiO)12H
所表示之二甲基聚矽氧烷40.0g(0.045mol)、甲苯62.0g及三乙基胺10.9g(0.107mol),於攪拌下投入乙烯基二苯基氯矽烷22.0g(0.090mol)。於室溫下攪拌1小時後,加熱至50℃,攪拌3小時。其後,投入水而進行水洗後,於加熱減壓下自有機層中蒸餾去除低沸點成分,製備黏度為36mPa‧s、無色透明且折射率為1.466之式:ViPh2SiO(Me2SiO)12SiPh2Vi
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷。
於附攪拌機、回流冷卻管及溫度計之四口燒瓶中投入1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷82.2g(0.44mol)、水143g、三氟甲磺酸0.38g及甲苯500g,於攪拌下歷時1小時滴加苯基三甲氧基矽烷524.7
g(2.65mol)。滴加結束後,加熱回流1小時。其後進行冷卻,分離下層,對甲苯溶液層進行3次水洗。於經過水洗之甲苯溶液層中投入3-縮水甘油氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷314g(1.42mol)、水130g及氫氧化鉀0.50g,加熱回流1小時。繼而,蒸餾去除甲醇,利用共沸脫水將過量之水去除。加熱回流4小時後,冷卻甲苯溶液,利用乙酸0.55g進行中和後,水洗3次。去除水後,於減壓下蒸餾去除甲苯,製備黏度為8,500mPa‧s之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.18(PhSiO3/2)0.53(EpMeSiO2/2)0.29
所表示之接著賦予劑。
將下述成分以表1所示之組成(質量份)進行混合而製備硬化性聚矽氧組合物。再者,表1中之[SiH/Vi]表示相對於相當於(A)成分與(B)成分之成分所含之乙烯基1莫耳的相當於(C)成分之成分所含之與矽原子鍵結之氫原子的莫耳數。又,(D)成分之含量係以按質量單位計之鉑金屬相對於硬化性聚矽氧組合物的含量(ppm)表示。
作為(A)成分,使用如下成分。
(A-1)成分:合成例1中所製備之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.20(Me2SiO2/2)0.20(PhSiO3/2)0.60
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷(乙烯基相對於與矽原子鍵結之全部有機基的含有率=12.5莫耳%)
(A-2)成分:合成例2中所製備之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.15(Me2SiO2/2)0.30(PhSiO3/2)0.55
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷(乙烯基相對於與矽原子鍵結之全部有機基的含有率=9.4莫耳%)
(A-3)成分:合成例3中所製備之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.20(PhMeSiO2/2)0.20(PhSiO3/2)0.60
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷(乙烯基相對於與矽原子鍵結之全部有機基的含有率=12.5莫耳%)
(A-4)成分:合成例4中所製備之平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.15(PhMeSiO2/2)0.30(PhSiO3/2)0.55
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷(乙烯基相對於與矽原子鍵結之全部有機基的含有率=9.4莫耳%)
(A-5)成分:平均單元式:(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.25(PhSiO3/2)0.75
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷(乙烯基相對於與矽原子鍵結之全部有機基的含有率=16.7莫耳%)
作為(B)成分,使用如下成分。
(B-1)成分:黏度2,000mPa‧s之分子鏈兩末端經二甲基乙烯基矽烷氧基封端之苯基甲基聚矽氧烷
(B-2)成分:合成例5中所製備之式:ViPh2SiO(Me2SiO)12SiPh2Vi
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷
作為(C)成分,使用如下成分。
(C-1)成分:黏度4mPa‧s之式:HMe2SiOPh2SiOSiMe2H
所表示之有機三矽氧烷
(C-2)成分:黏度30mPa‧s之平均單元式:(HMe2SiO1/2)0.6(PhSiO3/2)0.4
所表示之有機聚矽氧烷
作為(D)成分,使用如下成分。
(D-1)成分:鉑-1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷錯合物之1,3,5,7-四甲基-1,3,5,7-四乙烯基環四矽氧烷之溶液(含有鉑0.121質量
%之溶液)
作為(E)成分,使用如下成分。
(E-1)成分:1-乙炔基環己醇
作為(F)成分,使用如下成分。
(F-1)成分:合成例6中所製備之接著賦予劑
根據表1之結果確認,實施例1~5中所製備之硬化性聚矽氧組合物與比較例1~3中所製備之硬化性聚矽氧組合物相比,螢光體分散性優異且所獲得之硬化物之耐龜裂性優異。
本發明之硬化性聚矽氧組合物由於螢光體分散性良好且可硬化形成具有耐龜裂性之硬化物,故而作為發光二極體(LED)等光半導體裝置中之光半導體元件之密封劑、保護塗佈劑等較佳。
1‧‧‧光半導體元件
2‧‧‧引線框架
3‧‧‧引線框架
4‧‧‧接合線
5‧‧‧框材
6‧‧‧硬化性聚矽氧組合物之硬化物
Claims (8)
- 一種硬化性聚矽氧組合物,其至少包含:(A)平均單元式:(R1 3SiO1/2)x(R2 2SiO2/2)y(R3SiO3/2)z(式中,R1為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基、碳數2~12之烯基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基或碳數2~12之烯基,R3為碳數1~12之烷基、碳數6~20之芳基或碳數7~20之芳烷基,其中,一分子中,上述R1、R2及R3所表示之基之合計中之至少0.5莫耳%為上述烯基,上述R3所表示之基中之至少1個為上述芳基或上述芳烷基,x、y及z分別為滿足0.01≦x≦0.5、0.01≦y≦0.4、0.1≦z≦0.9且x+y+z=1之數)所表示之有機聚矽氧烷、(B)一分子中具有至少2個烯基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷{相對於(A)成分100質量份為0.1~60質量份}、(C)一分子中具有至少2個與矽原子鍵結之氫原子之有機聚矽氧烷{使本成分所含之與矽原子鍵結之氫原子相對於(A)成分與(B)成分所含之烯基之合計1莫耳成為0.1~10莫耳的量}及(D)矽氫化反應用觸媒(促進本組合物硬化之量)。
- 如請求項1之硬化性聚矽氧組合物,其中(A)成分係平均單元式中之R2為相同或不同之碳數1~12之烷基之有機聚矽氧烷。
- 如請求項1或2之硬化性聚矽氧組合物,其中(B)成分係分子鏈兩末端之矽原子上鍵結有烯基之直鏈狀有機聚矽氧烷。
- 如請求項1之硬化性聚矽氧組合物,其進而含有相對於(A)成分~(C)成分之合計100質量份為0.01~3質量份之(E)矽氫化反應抑制 劑。
- 如請求項1之硬化性聚矽氧組合物,其進而含有相對於(A)成分~(C)成分之合計100質量份為0.1~5質量份之(F)接著賦予劑。
- 如請求項1之硬化性聚矽氧組合物,其進而含有相對於(A)成分~(C)成分之合計量為0.1~70質量%之(G)螢光體。
- 一種硬化物,其特徵在於:其係使如請求項1至6中任一項之硬化性聚矽氧組合物硬化而成。
- 一種光半導體裝置,其特徵在於:光半導體元件經如請求項1至6中任一項之硬化性聚矽氧組合物之硬化物密封或被覆。
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