TW201349366A - 用於在晶粒鍵合期間加熱襯底的裝置 - Google Patents
用於在晶粒鍵合期間加熱襯底的裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Au] JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000004522 Pentaglottis sempervirens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H01L2224/7528—Resistance welding electrodes, i.e. for ohmic heating
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Abstract
本發明公開了一種用於在晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的裝置,該裝置包含有:襯底載體,其被配置來固定襯底;加熱設備,其被配置來加熱襯底;第一驅動機構,其用於引起襯底載體和加熱設備之間的相對移動,以致於襯底相對於加熱設備被相對地步進定位;第二驅動機構,其用於引起襯底載體和加熱設備之間的相對移動,以致於加熱設備接觸該襯底而將襯底的不同部位加熱;尤其是,第二驅動機構被操作來將加熱設備從襯底處分離,以便於第一驅動機構將襯底相對地步進定位通過該加熱設備。本發明還公開了一種用於在晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的方法。
Description
本發明涉及一種用於在晶粒鍵合期間加熱襯底的裝置。具體地,該裝置包含有加熱設備,以用於在半導體晶粒被鍵合至鍵合盤上以前加熱該襯底上的多個鍵合盤。本發明同樣也涉及一種用於在晶粒鍵合期間加熱襯底的方法。
共晶鍵合(Eutectic Die Bonding)要求在半導體晶粒通過加熱後的晶粒焊料層或凸塊和襯底鍵合盤之間的介面被鍵合至襯底(如引線框)之前,將半導體晶粒的晶粒焊料層或晶粒焊料凸塊(Solder Bump)加熱至所需的溫度。通常,該襯底被放置在加熱砧台(heated anvil),以將來自加熱砧台的熱量通過導熱襯底(heat-conducting substrate)傳送至襯底上,藉此將晶粒焊料層或凸塊加熱至所需的溫度,以進行共晶鍵合。
圖1所示為用於加熱襯底102的傳統的步進定位裝置(indexing apparatus)100,其包含有相對於晶粒鍵合機的晶粒夾體104設置的襯底鍵合盤陣列(圖中未示),以沿著鍵合線106鍵合。具體地,該步進定位裝置100包含有:i)砧台108,其用於支撐襯底102;和ii)工作固定器基座110,其用於支撐砧台108。尤其是,在共晶晶粒鍵合處理的整個過程中,砧台108被保持在均勻的溫度下(例如,如果晶粒焊料層或凸塊是由錫金混合物材料製成其為280℃)以加熱襯底鍵合盤。該裝置100同樣也被配置來沿著圖1所示的A方向步進定位襯底102,以便於後續行的襯底鍵合盤和鍵合線106對齊定位而從晶粒夾體104處接收半導體晶粒。由於在整個共晶晶粒鍵合處理過程中整個襯底102被放置在加熱砧台108上,所以用於每個襯底鍵合盤的預鍵合加熱時間和後鍵合加熱時間將會根據其在襯底102上的位置而變化。這意味著比其他襯底鍵合盤更早接收
半導體晶粒的襯底鍵合盤會具有更短的預鍵合加熱時間和更長的後鍵合加熱時間。但是,這樣增大了共晶鍵合過程中熱脆弱的半導體晶粒,例如LED器件,內部損壞的可能性。
因此,本發明的目的在於尋求提供一種用於步進定位襯底的裝置,其至少減少了晶粒鍵合過程中損壞半導體晶粒的可能性。
從而,本發明第一方面提供一種用於在晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的裝置,該裝置包含有:襯底載體,其被配置來固定襯底;加熱設備,其被配置來加熱襯底;第一驅動機構,其用於引起襯底載體和加熱設備之間的相對移動,以致於襯底相對於加熱設備被相對地步進定位;第二驅動機構,其用於引起襯底載體和加熱設備之間的相對移動,以致於加熱設備接觸該襯底而將襯底的不同部位加熱;其中,第二驅動機構被操作來將加熱設備從襯底處分離,以便於第一驅動機構將襯底相對地步進定位通過該加熱設備。
本裝置的一些優選但可選的特徵被定義在請求項中。
本發明第二方面提供一種用於在晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的方法,該方法包含有以下步驟:抵靠於襯底接觸加熱設備,以將襯底的至少一部分加熱;將加熱設備從襯底處分離;以及在加熱設備已經從襯底處分離之後,將襯底相對地步進定位通過加熱設備。
本方法的一些優選但可選的步驟也被定義在請求項中。
100‧‧‧步進定位裝置
102‧‧‧襯底
104‧‧‧晶粒夾體
106‧‧‧鍵合線
108‧‧‧支撐砧台
110‧‧‧工作固定器基座
200‧‧‧襯底步進定位器
202‧‧‧襯底載體
204‧‧‧襯底
206‧‧‧加熱砧塊
208‧‧‧冷卻砧塊
210‧‧‧水平線性引導體
214‧‧‧線性馬達
216‧‧‧移動砧平臺
217‧‧‧馬達
218‧‧‧夾具
220‧‧‧載體開口
222‧‧‧頂蓋
224‧‧‧空間
300‧‧‧鍵合線
301‧‧‧保護氣體
500‧‧‧絕緣介質
現在通過僅僅以示例的方式結合附圖,描述本發明較佳實施例,其中:圖1所示為用於晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的傳統步進定位裝置的示意圖;圖2所示為根據本發明實施例所述的、用於晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的裝置的示意圖;
圖3所示為圖2的裝置在沒有表明頂蓋的情形下的俯視示意圖,而圖3b和圖3c所示為圖2的裝置在表明頂蓋的情形下的不同側視示意圖;圖4所示為圖2的裝置的簡化形式;圖5(a)和圖5(b)所示分別為圖4的裝置的俯視和側視示意圖;以及圖6(a)-圖6(d)所示為圖4的裝置的操作示意圖。
圖2所示為用於晶粒鍵合過程中沿著步進定位方向B步
進定位襯底的襯底步進定位器(substrate-indexer)200的示意圖。具體地,襯底步進定位器200包含有:i)襯底載體202,其被配置來固定襯底;ii)加熱設備(所示為加熱砧塊(heating anvil block)206),其被配置來加熱襯底;iii)冷卻設備(所示為冷卻砧塊(cooling anvil block)208),其相鄰於加熱砧塊206設置,用於冷卻襯底204;以及iv)定位設備,其以第一和第二驅動機構的形式存在,被配置來沿著方向B步進定位襯底載體202通過多個步進定位位置,首先通過加熱砧塊206,接著通過冷卻砧塊208。具體地,在襯底載體202被步進定位至新位置以前,定位設備被操作來將襯底載體202從加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208處分開。定位設備也被操作來在多個步進定位位置抵靠襯底204壓擠加熱砧塊206和/或冷卻砧塊208,以便於在晶粒鍵合過程中實現襯底204的不同部位的加熱和/或冷卻的期望效果。
為了將襯底載體202步進定位通過步進定位位置,第一驅動
機構包括:i)水平線性引導體210,用於引導襯底載體202;ii)步進定位機構212,其和水平線性引導體210、襯底載體202相藕接,以沿著步進定位方向B在水平面上步進定位載體204;iii)線性馬達214,其被操作來沿著水平線性引導體210驅動定位機構212,以及接著襯底載體202。
為了將襯底載體202從加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208處分開,
第二驅動機構包括:i)移動砧平臺216,其與加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208相藕接;ii)馬達217,用於在垂直方向上於頂部位置和底部位置之間驅動砧平臺216,以在頂部位置抵靠襯底204的不同部位壓擠加熱砧塊206和/或冷卻砧塊208,以及在底部位置從襯底204處分開加熱砧塊206和/或冷卻砧塊208。
而且,襯底載體202和保護氣體供應源(圖中未示)相連,襯
底載體202包含有載體開口以在晶粒鍵合期間將保護氣體(例如惰性氣體或合成氣體)引入在襯底204上。由於引入了保護氣體,襯底204可以得以避免氧化,以及更強的鍵合可以形成在半導體晶粒和各個襯底鍵合盤之間。
為了保存大量的封閉襯底204的保護氣體,襯底步進定位器200另外包含有頂蓋222,以將保護氣體保存在頂蓋222和襯底載體202之間的空間內部。
圖3a所示為襯底步進定位器200在沒有表明頂蓋222的情形下的
俯視示意圖。可以看出,襯底載體202的表面平行于步進定位方向B的相對側面的每一個包含有多個載體開口220,以在晶粒鍵合期間將保護氣體引入在襯底204上。具體地,該襯底載體202的表面是用於固定襯底204的表面。
而圖3b和圖3c所示為襯底步進定位器200在表明頂蓋222的情形
下的不同側視示意圖。可以看出,頂蓋222將保護氣體301保存在頂蓋222和襯底載體202之間的空間224的內部。這樣保存了大量的封閉襯底204頂面的保護氣體301,並限制了周圍環境氣體進入空間224中。有益地,襯底204和半導體晶粒被鍵合在那裡時的氧化能夠得以最小化。
另外,從圖3b可以看出,襯底載體202包含有夾具218以夾持襯
底204。通過在砧平臺216被驅動來抵靠襯底204的不同部位壓擠加熱砧塊206和/或冷卻砧塊208時將襯底204鎖固定位,襯底204的不同部位的加熱和/或冷卻的期望效果能夠更為有效地實現。
可以選擇的,頂蓋222可以包括槽體,當固定有襯底204的襯底
載體202被步進定位機構212驅動通過多個步進定位位置時,該槽體和連續行的襯底鍵合盤對齊定位。由於在頂蓋222中提供有槽體,所以晶粒鍵合機的晶粒夾體可以移動通過頂蓋,以到達相應行的襯底鍵合盤而在此進行鍵合。因此,頂蓋222的槽體和晶粒鍵合機的鍵合線對齊定位。
圖4所示為襯底步進定位器200的簡化形式,其包含有:i)加
熱砧塊206,用於加熱襯底204;ii)冷卻砧塊208,用於冷卻襯底204;以及iii)襯底載體202,用於將襯底204在步進定位方向B首先步進定位通過加熱砧塊206,然後接著通過冷卻砧塊208。
圖5(a)和圖5(b)所示分別為圖4的襯底步進定位器200的俯視和
側視示意圖。為了使得加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208之間的不必要的熱傳遞
得以最小化,在它們之間提供有絕緣介質500。合適的絕緣介質500的範例包括矽石(silica)、陶瓷纖維(ceramic fiber)和空氣。
另外,從圖5(a)和圖5(b)可以看出,襯底步進定位器200被如此
配置,以便於鍵合線300設置在加熱砧塊206的上方,並很接近於冷卻砧塊208。值得注意的是,在整個晶粒鍵合過程中,鍵合線300是固定的,並且不會改變。這樣有益地簡化了晶粒鍵合機的構造和操作。
圖6(a)-圖6(d)所示為襯底步進定位器200的操作示意圖。
圖6(a)表明了加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208被驅動至頂部位置,
以壓靠襯底204的各個基體部位。
在襯底載體202和加熱砧塊206、冷卻砧塊208之間的這個相對
位置,鍵合線300和特定行的襯底鍵合盤陣列對齊定位。在襯底204由步進定位機構212步進橫跨加熱砧塊206而通過多個步進定位位置的過程中,屬於這個特定行的襯底鍵合盤陣列的襯底鍵合盤可能已經遭受一段期望持續時間的通過加熱砧塊206的預鍵合加熱。所以,在鍵合時刻,這些襯底鍵合盤中的每一個的溫度可能已經提升至期望溫度T1(例如如果晶粒焊料層或凸塊是由錫金混合物製成那麼其是280℃)。
關於圖6a中設置在鍵合線300的右側的成行的襯底鍵合盤,它
們是否已經被加熱砧塊206充分地加熱取決於它們各自離鍵合線300的距離。儘管設置在鍵合線300的右側的一行或多行連續的襯底鍵合盤可能已達到所需溫度T1進行晶粒鍵合,但是在圖6a中距離襯底204極右側的一行或多行連續的襯底鍵合盤可能需要通過加熱砧塊206進行更多的加熱,以達到所需溫度T1進行晶粒鍵合。
同樣地,關於圖6a中設置在鍵合線300的左側的成行的襯底鍵
合盤在晶粒鍵合之後是否已經被冷卻砧塊208充分地冷卻取決於它們各自離鍵合線300的距離。儘管進一步遠離加熱砧塊206的一行或多行連續的襯底鍵合盤可能通過冷卻砧塊208已充分冷卻到後鍵合冷卻溫度T2,T2<T1(例如200℃以下),但是更靠近加熱砧塊206的一行或多行連續的襯底鍵合盤可能需要通過冷卻砧塊208進行更多的冷卻,以達到所需的後鍵合冷卻溫度T2。
圖6b表明了半導體晶粒沿著那個特定行的襯底鍵合盤完成鍵合
之後,加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208被驅動至底部位置以與襯底載體202分離,並從而與襯底204分離。因此,這樣結束了襯底204和加熱砧塊206、冷卻砧塊208之間的接觸。
接著,襯底載體202通過步進定位機構212沿著步進定位方向B
步進一段鍵合盤間距d,如圖6c所示。所以,由襯底載體202所固定的襯底204相應地步進通過一段鍵合盤間距d的距離。值得欣賞的是,一段鍵合盤間距d的這段距離與襯底204的相鄰行的襯底鍵合盤之間的間距是匹配的。
在襯底載體202已經被步進定位一段鍵合盤間距d之後,加熱砧
塊206和冷卻砧塊208被驅動回復至頂部位置,以壓靠襯底204的各個的基體部位,如圖6d所示。這將鍵合線300和另一行襯底鍵合盤對齊定位以進行晶粒鍵合。
值得注意的是,關於圖6a-圖6d所述的襯底步進定位器200的操
作週期被連續地得以進行,其在加熱砧塊206的右側處的襯底載體202的初始位置以加熱第一行襯底鍵合盤開始,並在冷卻砧塊208的左側處的襯底載體202的最終位置以冷卻最後一行襯底鍵合盤結束。
在晶粒鍵合過程中通過使用襯底步進定位器200以步進定位襯
底204,每個襯底鍵合盤的預鍵合加熱時間被保持均勻一致,以加熱至期望的溫度T1(例如,如果晶粒焊料層或凸塊是由錫金混合物製成其為280℃)而進行晶粒鍵合。類似地,每個襯底鍵合盤的後鍵合冷卻時間也被保持均勻一致,以在半導體晶粒已被鍵合至襯底鍵合盤之後將襯底鍵合盤冷卻至小於T1的溫度T2(例如,200℃以下)。因此,襯底步進定位器200為每個襯底鍵合盤提供了和時間相關的溫度曲線控制。這有益地減少了損壞半導體晶粒的內部機械結構的可能性,而根據傳統的步進定位裝置100的情形,其中在整個晶粒鍵合過程中整個襯底102被放置在加熱砧臺上。另外,由於在將襯底載體202步進至新位置以前將加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208從襯底載體202處分離,所以襯底步進定位器200也使得襯底204避免了被加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208所刮擦,尤其如果襯底204是由陶瓷材料製成的時候。再者,和使用步進定位銷(indexing pins)相比,襯底載體202有益地提供了一種將襯底204步進通過加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208的便利裝置。這是因為使用步進定位銷通常是特定的封裝件,關於不同的設計參數如步進定位銷
的間距、位置和衝程(stroke)而言,它們的結構構造通常是複雜的。
襯底步進定位器200具體地但非排他地適用于步進定位襯底204以進行共晶晶粒鍵合。在不離開所要求保護的本發明的宗旨的情形下,能夠設想出各種襯底步進定位器200的實施例。例如,襯底步進定位器200可以包含有多個位於不同加熱溫度下的加熱砧塊206以加熱襯底204,和/或多個位於不同冷卻溫度下的冷卻砧塊208以冷卻襯底204。另外,冷卻流體(如冷卻氣體或冷卻水)可以用來取代冷卻砧塊208以冷卻襯底204。而且,在晶粒鍵合過程中,襯底步進定位器200的定位設備可以取代地被配置來在和步進方向B相反的方向上步進定位加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208,以及在頂部位置和底部位置之間垂直地移動襯底載體202。但是,在這個實例中,當晶粒被鍵合至後續行的襯底鍵合盤上時,鍵合線300的位置不是固定的,而是必須連同加熱砧塊206和冷卻砧塊208一起移動。
200‧‧‧襯底步進定位器
202‧‧‧襯底載體
204‧‧‧襯底
206‧‧‧加熱砧塊
208‧‧‧冷卻砧塊
Claims (14)
- 一種用於在晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的裝置,該裝置包含有:襯底載體,其被配置來固定襯底;加熱設備,其被配置來加熱襯底;第一驅動機構,其用於引起襯底載體和加熱設備之間的相對移動,以致於襯底相對於加熱設備被相對地步進定位;第二驅動機構,其用於引起襯底載體和加熱設備之間的相對移動,以致於加熱設備接觸該襯底而將襯底的不同部位加熱;其中,第二驅動機構被操作來將加熱設備從襯底處分離,以便於第一驅動機構將襯底相對地步進定位通過該加熱設備。
- 如請求項1所述的裝置,其中,該第二驅動機構藕接於加熱設備,並被配置來背離和朝向該襯底移動。
- 如請求項2所述的裝置,其中,該第一驅動機構藕接於襯底載體,並被配置來在加熱設備由第二驅動機構移動離開襯底之後,移動襯底載體通過加熱設備的局部。
- 如請求項1所述的裝置,其中,該襯底載體包含有多個夾具,其用於將襯底夾持在襯底載體上。
- 如請求項1所述的裝置,其中,該襯底載體連接於保護氣體供應源,該襯底載體還進一步包含有多個開口,以用於將保護氣體引入至襯底的上方。
- 如請求項5所述的裝置,其中,該多個開口沿著襯底載體的表面的至少一側設置,該襯底載體的表面被用於固定襯底。
- 如請求項5所述的裝置,該裝置還包含有:封蓋,其設置在襯底載體的上方,以用於將保護氣體保存於襯底的上方。
- 如請求項1所述的裝置,該裝置還包含有:冷卻設備,其相鄰於加熱設備設置,該冷卻設備用於在襯底的各個不同部位已經被加熱設備加熱之後冷卻襯底的不同部位。
- 如請求項8所述的裝置,其中,該冷卻設備為冷卻砧塊。
- 一種用於在晶粒鍵合過程中加熱襯底的方法,該方法包含有以下 步驟:抵靠於襯底接觸加熱設備,以將襯底的至少一部分加熱;將加熱設備從襯底處分離;以及在加熱設備已經從襯底處分離之後,將襯底相對地步進定位通過加熱設備。
- 如請求項10所述的方法,其中,該將加熱設備從襯底處分離的步驟還包括:移動加熱設備離開襯底。
- 如請求項11所述的方法,其中,該將襯底相對地步進定位通過加熱設備的步驟還包括:在加熱設備移動離開襯底之後,移動襯底通過加熱設備的一部分。
- 如請求項10所述的方法,其中,該抵靠於襯底接觸加熱設備的步驟還包括:朝向襯底移動加熱設備。
- 如請求項10所述的方法,該方法還進一步包含有以下步驟:在襯底的一部分已經被加熱設備加熱之後,冷卻襯底的該部分。
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KR20130132316A (ko) | 2013-12-04 |
US10199350B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
US20130316294A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
KR101638807B1 (ko) | 2016-07-13 |
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