SG34292G - Pre-engraved movable record carrier and tracking device therefor - Google Patents
Pre-engraved movable record carrier and tracking device thereforInfo
- Publication number
- SG34292G SG34292G SG34292A SG34292A SG34292G SG 34292 G SG34292 G SG 34292G SG 34292 A SG34292 A SG 34292A SG 34292 A SG34292 A SG 34292A SG 34292 G SG34292 G SG 34292G
- Authority
- SG
- Singapore
- Prior art keywords
- engraved
- tracking device
- record carrier
- device therefor
- movable record
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
- G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
- G11B7/0901—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
- G11B27/28—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording
- G11B27/30—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on the same track as the main recording
- G11B27/3027—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on the same track as the main recording used signal is digitally coded
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/007—Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
- G11B7/00745—Sectoring or header formats within a track
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
- G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
- G11B7/0938—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following servo format, e.g. guide tracks, pilot signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR828204218A FR2523347B1 (fr) | 1982-03-12 | 1982-03-12 | Support d'information mobile pregrave et dispositif optique de suivi de piste mettant en oeuvre un tel support |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SG34292G true SG34292G (en) | 1993-01-29 |
Family
ID=9271935
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SG34292A SG34292G (en) | 1982-03-12 | 1992-03-19 | Pre-engraved movable record carrier and tracking device therefor |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4553228A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP0369989B1 (ja) |
JP (4) | JPS58185051A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1190645A (ja) |
DE (2) | DE3381951D1 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2523347B1 (ja) |
HK (2) | HK141593A (ja) |
SG (1) | SG34292G (ja) |
Families Citing this family (59)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2528605B1 (fr) * | 1982-06-15 | 1987-11-20 | Thomson Csf | Procede et dispositif optique de focalisation d'un faisceau d'energie lumineuse sur un plan de reference d'un support d'information ainsi que ce support |
US4530079A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1985-07-16 | Xerox Corporation | Track following system for optical disc drive |
JPH0690804B2 (ja) * | 1984-01-20 | 1994-11-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光学的情報記録再生装置 |
JPH07107744B2 (ja) * | 1984-05-16 | 1995-11-15 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 光ディスクの再生方法 |
FR2567673B1 (fr) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-11-07 | Thomson Alcatel Gigadisc | Support d'information inscriptible optiquement selon une piste definie par des motifs de pregravure et dispositif optique de suivi de piste mettant en oeuvre un tel support |
US4674070A (en) * | 1984-08-11 | 1987-06-16 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | Optical type disc with V-shaped groove and optical type reproducing apparatus therefor |
EP0177737A3 (en) * | 1984-08-28 | 1988-07-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical memory disk and track access therefor |
JPS61170934A (ja) * | 1985-01-25 | 1986-08-01 | Hitachi Ltd | 光デイスク記録装置 |
US4748609A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1988-05-31 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for composite tracking servo system with track offset correction and rotary optical disc having at least one correction mark for correcting track offset |
CA1258909A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1989-08-29 | Hideki Hosoya | Optical information recording medium and method for recording information on said medium and reproducing information therefrom |
JPS628341A (ja) * | 1985-07-05 | 1987-01-16 | Hitachi Ltd | 光学的情報記憶再生装置 |
US4707816A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1987-11-17 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for composite wobbled and push-pull tracking servo system |
JPS61248250A (ja) * | 1985-04-26 | 1986-11-05 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 円盤状記録媒体の製造方法 |
FR2581784B1 (fr) * | 1985-05-10 | 1994-03-25 | Thomson Alcatel Gigadisc | Support d'information a pregravure et son dispositif de lecture optique |
US5012460A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1991-04-30 | Information Storage, Inc. | RAM head positioning and tracking system |
US4779253A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1988-10-18 | Laser Magnetic Storage International Company | Sampled servo for an optical disk drive |
ATE84631T1 (de) * | 1985-07-30 | 1993-01-15 | Philips Nv | Generatorkreis fuer spursignal und aufzeichnungstraeger dafuer. |
US4879707A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1989-11-07 | Laser Magnetic Storage International Company | Optical disk tracking and seeking systems specific track formats using discontinuities |
US4959823A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1990-09-25 | Laser Magnetic Storage International Company | Tracking and seeking system for use with an optical record carrier having a wobbled track format |
US4879708A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1989-11-07 | Laser Magnetic Storage International Company | Optical disk tracking and seeking systems specific track formats using wobbled pits |
FR2597248B1 (fr) * | 1985-11-27 | 1988-05-13 | Thomson Alcatel Gigadisc | Support d'information a pregravure et son dispositif d'exploration optiques a acces echantillonne |
JPH0648545B2 (ja) * | 1986-01-21 | 1994-06-22 | 共同印刷株式会社 | プリフォーマッティング用ピットのパターンを持った光記録媒体及びその製造方法 |
US5051125A (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1991-09-24 | Ici Americas Inc. | Synergistic herbicidal composition of cycloate and cyanazine |
JPH0758550B2 (ja) * | 1986-03-07 | 1995-06-21 | ソニー株式会社 | 光ディスク装置 |
EP0245821A3 (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1988-07-20 | Csk Corporation | Data record formatting system and reading/writing system for optical recording medium |
JP2796285B2 (ja) * | 1986-07-11 | 1998-09-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | トラッキング方法及びそれを用いた光ディスク装置 |
JPH0782656B2 (ja) * | 1986-07-11 | 1995-09-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光デイスク装置 |
JPS63104225A (ja) * | 1986-10-21 | 1988-05-09 | Csk Corp | 光記録媒体のトラツキング方式 |
JPH0679378B2 (ja) * | 1986-12-15 | 1994-10-05 | ソニー株式会社 | 光学式記録再生装置のトラツキングサ−ボ回路 |
US4819218A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1989-04-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Quasi-constant linear-velocity disk having corresponding radii of adjacent annular zones related by a rational number for distributing prerecorded indicia to form a coherent write clock signal |
US4860271A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1989-08-22 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Servo circuit for generating a tracking error signal for optical disk player |
KR910008503B1 (ko) * | 1987-03-13 | 1991-10-18 | 미쯔비시덴끼 가부시끼가이샤 | 광 디스크 |
JP2619381B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-20 | 1997-06-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光学的情報再生装置 |
JPS63159977U (ja) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-19 | ||
JPH0719385B2 (ja) * | 1987-04-24 | 1995-03-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光学的記録再生装置 |
US4779251A (en) * | 1987-06-12 | 1988-10-18 | Optimem | Optical disk memory system with closed loop micro-jump between adjacent tracks |
JP2653073B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-21 | 1997-09-10 | ソニー株式会社 | ディスク状記録媒体 |
JPH073692B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-02 | 1995-01-18 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光ディスク装置におけるトラッキング制御回路 |
NL8800151A (nl) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-08-16 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het optekenen van een informatiesignaal. |
EP0325329B1 (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1993-12-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of and apparatus for successively recording EFM-modulated signals |
NL8800152A (nl) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-08-16 | Philips Nv | Optische uitleesbare registratiedrager van het beschrijfbare type, een inrichting voor het vervaardigen van een dergelijke registratiedrager, en inrichtingen voor het optekenen en/of uitlezen van informatie op/uit een dergelijke registratiedrager. |
US5031166A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1991-07-09 | Laser Magnetic Storage International Company | Optical disk tracking and seeking systems and specific track formats using discontinuities and circuitry therefor |
JP2703576B2 (ja) * | 1988-10-03 | 1998-01-26 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光デイスク装置 |
JPH0646487B2 (ja) * | 1989-03-31 | 1994-06-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | 情報記録再生方法、情報記録再生装置及び情報記録担体 |
US5148422A (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1992-09-15 | Sony Corporation | Optical recording medium having a data recording track with offset data storing regions |
JPH03116538A (ja) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-05-17 | Toshiba Corp | 光ディスク |
JP2804130B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-06 | 1998-09-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 情報処理装置 |
JPH0478034A (ja) * | 1990-05-15 | 1992-03-12 | Toshiba Corp | 光情報記録媒体及び光情報記録再生装置 |
US5268887A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1993-12-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Optical recording medium having offset-compensating areas |
JP3033864B2 (ja) * | 1991-10-31 | 2000-04-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | 情報記録方法及びその情報再生装置 |
EP0562595A3 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1994-07-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Apparatus for positioning optical head on a track of rotating disk |
US5493561A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1996-02-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Optical information recording medium and information recording and reproducing method thereof |
EP0582446B1 (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 2000-05-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Optical data storage medium |
JP3240762B2 (ja) * | 1993-07-26 | 2001-12-25 | ソニー株式会社 | 光記録媒体の再生方法及び再生装置 |
WO1995007532A1 (fr) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-16 | Sony Corporation | Disque |
EP1008985A2 (en) | 1994-08-25 | 2000-06-14 | Sony Corporation | Optical disk |
FR2731808B1 (fr) * | 1995-03-14 | 1997-04-11 | Thomson Csf | Systeme de reglage de focalisation optique |
EP1034537A2 (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-09-13 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Device for scanning an optical record carrier |
US7102839B2 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2006-09-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Magnetic recording channel utilizing control fields for timing recovery, equalization, amplitude and amplitude asymmetry |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR528140A (fr) * | 1917-10-03 | 1921-11-07 | Marie Berthe Mermod | Corset |
JPS5857024B2 (ja) * | 1973-08-31 | 1983-12-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 運動媒体への情報の記録・再生装置 |
JPS5912070B2 (ja) * | 1973-09-10 | 1984-03-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 情報記録再生方式 |
NL7314267A (nl) * | 1973-10-17 | 1975-04-21 | Philips Nv | Registratiedrager waarop informatie is aangebracht in een optisch uitleesbare struktuur. |
US3919697A (en) * | 1974-06-26 | 1975-11-11 | Battelle Development Corp | Data record tracking using track identifying information in the gaps between recorded data groups |
DE2522405C2 (de) * | 1975-05-21 | 1982-04-15 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Optisches Mehrkanal-Plattenspeichersystem zum Speichern von digitaler Information |
US4094013A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1978-06-06 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Optical storage disk system with disk track guide sectors |
US4322836A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1982-03-30 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | High density recording system using side-by side information and servo tracks |
US4331976A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1982-05-25 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | High density recording system using side-by-side information and servo tracks |
FR2366636A1 (fr) * | 1976-10-01 | 1978-04-28 | Thomson Brandt | Dispositif d'enregistrement optique d'information sur un support avec asservissement de la position de la tache d'enregistrement sur le support d'information |
JPS5382303A (en) * | 1976-12-28 | 1978-07-20 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Information recording panel and its reproducing system |
NL187413C (nl) * | 1978-03-16 | 1991-09-16 | Philips Nv | Registratiedragerlichaam, ingeschreven registratiedrager, werkwijze voor het inschrijven van het registratiedragerlichaam en inrichting voor het uitvoeren van de werkwijze en voor het uitlezen van een ingeschreven registratiedrager. |
JPS5637A (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1981-01-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Tracking system of optical disc memory |
US4364118A (en) * | 1979-06-25 | 1982-12-14 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Optical disk and optical information processor |
FR2462758A1 (fr) * | 1979-08-03 | 1981-02-13 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif optique d'acces a une piste portee par un support d'information et systeme de memoire optique comportant un tel dispositif |
NL8000123A (nl) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-08-03 | Philips Nv | Inrichting voor het schrijven van digitale informatie in een schijfvormige optisch uitleesbare registratiedrager. |
NL8000122A (nl) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-08-03 | Philips Nv | Schijfvormige, optisch uitleesbare registratiedrager als opslagmedium voor datainformatie, inrichting voor het vervaardigen van zo'n registratiedrager, inrichting voor het optekenen en/of weergeven van datainformatie in c.q. van zo'n registratiedrager. |
JPS5733441A (en) * | 1980-08-07 | 1982-02-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical information recorder and reproducer |
JPS5832239A (ja) * | 1981-08-21 | 1983-02-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 光ディスク及びトラッキング信号検出方法 |
US4402061A (en) * | 1981-10-15 | 1983-08-30 | Burroughs Corporation | Preformatted optical media for use in an optical memory system |
US4494226A (en) * | 1981-10-15 | 1985-01-15 | Burroughs Corporation | Three beam optical memory system |
US4417330A (en) * | 1981-10-15 | 1983-11-22 | Burroughs Corporation | Optical memory system providing improved focusing control |
US4443870A (en) * | 1981-10-15 | 1984-04-17 | Burroughs Corporation | Optical memory system providing track following |
US4428075A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1984-01-24 | Burroughs Corporation | Methods of preformatting an optical disk |
FR2523349A1 (fr) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-16 | Thomson Csf | Procede et dispositif optique de generation de signaux d'asservissements de la position d'une tache d'exploration des pistes d'un support d'information |
-
1982
- 1982-03-12 FR FR828204218A patent/FR2523347B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-03-02 EP EP90100358A patent/EP0369989B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-03-02 DE DE8383400427T patent/DE3381951D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-03-02 EP EP83400427A patent/EP0089263B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-03-02 DE DE3382757T patent/DE3382757T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-03-07 US US06/472,995 patent/US4553228A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-03-08 CA CA000423068A patent/CA1190645A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-11 JP JP58041362A patent/JPS58185051A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-07-22 US US06/757,148 patent/US4674081A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-03-19 SG SG34292A patent/SG34292G/en unknown
- 1992-09-17 JP JP4248226A patent/JP2875113B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-12-23 HK HK1415/93A patent/HK141593A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-12-27 JP JP7341445A patent/JP2842822B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-11-19 JP JP9335010A patent/JPH10198966A/ja active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-06-12 HK HK98105208A patent/HK1006048A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0089263B1 (fr) | 1990-10-24 |
JPH0344387B2 (ja) | 1991-07-05 |
JP2842822B2 (ja) | 1999-01-06 |
EP0369989B1 (fr) | 1994-08-31 |
DE3382757T2 (de) | 1994-12-22 |
CA1190645A (en) | 1985-07-16 |
HK1006048A1 (en) | 1999-02-05 |
HK141593A (en) | 1993-12-31 |
US4553228A (en) | 1985-11-12 |
JP2875113B2 (ja) | 1999-03-24 |
FR2523347A1 (fr) | 1983-09-16 |
JPH08235622A (ja) | 1996-09-13 |
JPH10198966A (ja) | 1998-07-31 |
EP0369989A2 (fr) | 1990-05-23 |
US4674081A (en) | 1987-06-16 |
DE3381951D1 (de) | 1990-11-29 |
EP0369989A3 (en) | 1990-06-27 |
EP0089263A1 (fr) | 1983-09-21 |
JPH05197990A (ja) | 1993-08-06 |
DE3382757D1 (de) | 1994-10-06 |
JPS58185051A (ja) | 1983-10-28 |
FR2523347B1 (fr) | 1988-11-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
SG34292G (en) | Pre-engraved movable record carrier and tracking device therefor | |
JPS5658144A (en) | Record carrier and reader therefor | |
AU525287B2 (en) | Disc-shaped record carrier and apparatus | |
DE3162939D1 (en) | Optical record-playback device for an information carrier | |
JPS56137531A (en) | Recording carrier | |
DE3165303D1 (en) | Magnetic record carrier | |
JPS5528600A (en) | Disk type record carrier reading device | |
KR920001144B1 (en) | Recording repreducing device | |
GB8431593D0 (en) | Storage device for record discs | |
JPS5552531A (en) | Recording information and tracking signal* and device therefor | |
SG36792G (en) | Pre-engraved information carrier and optical read device therefor | |
GB2127206B (en) | Information record disc | |
GB2085634B (en) | Clamping record discs on turntables | |
JPS567264A (en) | Record and*or reproduction device for tape type record carrier | |
DE3380887D1 (en) | Information holding device | |
DE3174096D1 (en) | Record carrier unloading device | |
DE3375245D1 (en) | An information recording material | |
GB2266404B (en) | Disk playback device | |
JPS56156973A (en) | Tracking device | |
EP0093374A3 (en) | Magnetic recording and reproducing device | |
EP0089734A3 (en) | Disk-shaped record carrier | |
DE3374734D1 (en) | Record disc reproducing apparatus | |
DE3261941D1 (en) | Disk recording and reproducing device | |
EP0174629A3 (en) | Disc playback device | |
GB8322810D0 (en) | Time recording device |