RU193595U1 - Circle simulator for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in round cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. A useful model contains a plastic the base (1) is round in shape, on the end surface of which a handle (2) is made, and on the front and reverse On the sides of the base (1), large (3a, 3b), medium (4) and small (5) cells are made, which are round recesses of the same depth, the location of which is the same on each side of the base: in the center of the base (1) there is one central a large cell (3a), and along the perimeter of the base (1), peripheral large cells (3b) are located at the same distance from each other; the first half of the small cells (5) is located around the central large cell (3a) on the radial lines passing through the centers of the peripheral large cells (3b), and the second half of the small cells (5) is located evenly along the perimeter of the base (1) between the peripheral large cells ( 3b); the middle cells (4) are evenly distributed between the peripheral large cells (3b) and small cells (5) located around the central large cell (3a), and the mark (6) is applied to the front of the base (1). Thus, “Simulator -circle "allows conducting group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without using additional elements t na working kartochek.Zayavlenny "Simulator-circle" contributes to the process of recovery studies with patients novelty item, making them interesting and attractive for patients psychological trening.Blagodarya simplicity of design and ease of use "Simulator-circle" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Important for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of organization used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to Marvin Shaw, a specialist in group dynamics, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various devices and simulators are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic.

So, from the existing level of technology it is known "Device simulator for the formation of tasks during classes to restore visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 169473 U1 of 03/21/2017).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic casing, the inner space of which is divided into cells in each of which four LEDs of different colors are located, and in the upper part of the casing there is a working plate, under which there is an internal cavity, into which work cards containing various images made white on a dark background. Images hidden from the patient become visible on the working plate after they are randomly illuminated by LEDs of different colors. The patient needs to remember the location and color of each image, and after turning off the LEDs, designate them with a marker on the surface of the working plate from memory.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group lessons to restore visual-spatial memory;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization;

c) the structural complexity of this device, which includes various electronic components: LEDs, switches, battery, etc.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Magnetic simulator for classes in the restoration of visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 177258 U1 of 02/14/2018).

This device is a round plastic case, on the bottom of which there is a metal working plate containing a marking of nine round cells, on which are distinguished by color chips-magnets.

During classes with this device, work cards are used that contain the image of the work plate with cells highlighted in color, the location of which the patient must reproduce on the work plate of the device by moving the magnet chips.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group lessons to restore visual-spatial memory;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of chips-magnets and work cards containing tasks for memorization.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Trainer-plate for classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 185361 U1 dated 03.12.2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic plate, on the bottom of which there are made recess cells designed to fit various images into them.

 During classes with this device, work cards are used with the image of similar cells, some of which are highlighted. It is necessary for the patient to remember the selected cells and, from memory, select similar deepening cells on the bottom of the device with a water marker.

 The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, the “Circle simulator for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in round cells” was developed (hereinafter referred to as the “Circle simulator”).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore visual-spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at the preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients whose memory impairment is manifested to a small extent;

c) the absence of the need to use additional elements such as work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

d) providing the possibility of conducting rehabilitation classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands due to the fact that patients enter images into recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-circle", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "Simulator plates for classes to restore spatial perception in patients of a neurological clinic," provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Circle simulator", allowing for group exercises to restore and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand morale, without the use of additional elements such as work cards.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Circle simulator" contains a round plastic base, on the end surface of which a handle is made, and large, medium and small cells are made on the front and back sides of the base, which are round recesses of the same depth, the location of which on each side of the base is the same: in the center of the base there is one central large cell, and along the perimeter of the base, at the same distance from each other, peripherals nye large cells; the first half of the small cells is located around the central large cell on radial lines passing through the centers of the peripheral large cells, and the second half of the small cells is located evenly along the perimeter of the base between the peripheral large cells; the middle cells are located evenly between the peripheral large cells and small cells located around the central large cell, with a mark on the front side of the base.

In the preferred version of the "Circle simulator" the number of peripheral large cells is 5-10 pieces, the number of medium cells is equal to the number of peripheral large cells, and the number of small cells is twice the number of peripheral large cells.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Circle simulator”, the mark is made in the form of a circle.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Circle simulator" cells are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model "Circle simulator for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in round cells" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "simulator-circle";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-circle" from the side of the handle.

The claimed “simulator-circle” is (see Fig. 1, 2) a round plastic base (1), on the end surface of which a hollow handle (2) is made, and large (3a) are made on the front and back sides of the base (1) , 3b), medium (4) and small (5) cells, which are round recesses designed to fit various images in the form of symbols (letters, numbers) or icons (checkmarks) using an easily erasable water marker.

The following dimensions of this particular “Circle Simulator” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during its creation.

The outer diameter of the base (1) of the "Circle simulator" is 100-160 mm, and its thickness is 4-8 mm.

The handle (2) has a conical shape with a length of 80-100 mm, with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

Large (3a, 3b), medium (4) and small (5) cells have the same depth, which is 1-2 mm, and their location on each side of the base (1) is the same.

Large cells (3a, 3b) have the same diameter and are located as follows:

a) in the center of the base (1) there is one central large cell (3a);

b) around the perimeter of the base (1), peripheral large cells (3b) are located at the same distance from each other.

Small cells (5) have the same diameter and are located as follows:

a) the first half of small cells (5) is located around the central large cell (3a) on radial lines passing through the centers of the peripheral large cells (3b);

b) the second half of the small cells (5) is located evenly around the perimeter of the base (1) between the peripheral large cells (3b).

The middle cells (4) have the same diameter and are evenly distributed between the peripheral large cells (3b) and small cells (5) located around the central large cell (3a), on radial lines passing through the centers of small cells (5) located around the perimeter bases (1).

The number of peripheral large cells (3b) is 5-10 pieces, the number of medium cells (4) is equal to the number of peripheral large cells (3b), and the number of small cells (5a) is twice the number of peripheral large cells (3b)

The diameter of the large cells (3a, 3b) depends on the outer diameter of the base (1) and the total number of peripheral large cells (3b).

The diameter of the middle cells (4) is 70-80 percent of the diameter of the large cells (3a, 3b), and the diameter of the small cells (5) is 45-55 percent of the diameter of the large cells (3a, 3b).

Thus, the design features of large, medium and small cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5), which are made in the form of recesses, facilitate the process of entering various images into them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor. At the same time, the small depth of the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) does not prevent the removal of images inscribed in them with a water marker, using a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For the convenience of practicing patients with the "Simulator-circle", on the front side of the base (1) a mark (6) is applied (for example, by means of paint), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5), they are highlighted with a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the “Circle simulator”.

The "Circle simulator for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by the method of storing images in round cells" works as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Simulator-circle” by the handle (2), writes various images in the form of symbols or icons in the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the front side of the base (1) the total number and type which is set by a specialist.

 After that, the "Simulator-circle" is transferred to the patient performing the task, who, holding it by the handle (2), during the time interval specified by the specialist (from 20 or more seconds) remembers the face written out in the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) sides of the base (1) of the image and their location.

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “Simulator-circle” face down (1), then tries to reproduce the images he remembered by writing them into the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulties, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the "Circle simulator", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by comparing the images inscribed in the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the front and back sides of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the "Circle simulator" held by the handle (2).

Further, all the images entered in the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) are deleted with a sponge to erase the water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the whole sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of two “Circle Trainers”.

In this case, each of the patients, holding the used “Simulator-circle” by the handle (2), inscribes the images in the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the front side of the base (1), after which both patients, for a time specified by a specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remember images inscribed by each other.

Further, each of the patients tries to reproduce from memory the images he remembered by writing them into the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the back side of the base (1) of the used “Circle simulator”.

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by alternately comparing the images in the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) on the front side of the "Circle simulator" of one patient and the reverse side of the "Circle simulator" of another patient.

After mastering the work with the "Circle simulator" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, a gradual complication of tasks occurs by:

a) increasing the number of images that fit into the cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the front side of the base (1);

b) reducing the time interval during which images are stored in cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5) of the front side of the base (1).

Along with classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the “Simulator-circle” is also intended for use during classes in the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is a larger number of images entered by patients in cells (3a, 3b, 4, 5 ) and a shorter time interval for memorizing them.

In addition, the "Simulator Circle" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developing classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve their visual-spatial memory.

Thus, the “Circle simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory using the method of storing images in round cells” due to its structural elements allows for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic , including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor, without the use of additional elements such as work cards ek.

The claimed “Circle simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the Simulator-Circle can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. Circle simulator for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in round cells, characterized in that it contains a plastic base of a circular shape, on the end surface of which a handle is made, and large and large on the front and back sides of the base , medium and small cells, which are round recesses of the same depth, the location of which is the same on each side of the base: in the center of the base one central large cell is located, and peripheral large cells are located along the perimeter of the base, at the same distance from each other; the first half of the small cells is located around the central large cell on radial lines passing through the centers of the peripheral large cells, and the second half of the small cells is located evenly along the perimeter of the base between the peripheral large cells; the middle cells are evenly distributed between the peripheral large cells and small cells located around the central large cell, with a mark on the front of the base. 2. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of peripheral large cells is 5-10 pieces, the number of medium cells is equal to the number of peripheral large cells, and the number of small cells is two times the number of peripheral large cells. 3. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a circle. 4. The circle simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cells are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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