NO322510B1 - Metallkomplekser, koordinasjonspolymerisasjonskatalysator og koordinasjonspolymerisasjonsprosess for polymerisasjon av olefin - Google Patents
Metallkomplekser, koordinasjonspolymerisasjonskatalysator og koordinasjonspolymerisasjonsprosess for polymerisasjon av olefin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO322510B1 NO322510B1 NO19981854A NO981854A NO322510B1 NO 322510 B1 NO322510 B1 NO 322510B1 NO 19981854 A NO19981854 A NO 19981854A NO 981854 A NO981854 A NO 981854A NO 322510 B1 NO322510 B1 NO 322510B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- silantitanium
- dimethyl
- butylamido
- methylindenyl
- stirred
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000012718 coordination polymerization Methods 0.000 title claims 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- -1 hydrocarbyloxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 243
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical group C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 103
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Chemical group CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- JFLKFZNIIQFQBS-FNCQTZNRSA-N trans,trans-1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-butadiene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 JFLKFZNIIQFQBS-FNCQTZNRSA-N 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 347
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 309
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 139
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 124
- 125000001891 dimethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 115
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 113
- 125000005745 ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 111
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 104
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 102
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 93
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 88
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 80
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 67
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 55
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 37
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 37
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 36
- UBHZUDXTHNMNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH2]C UBHZUDXTHNMNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 34
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 32
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-MZWXYZOWSA-N benzene-d6 Chemical compound [2H]C1=C([2H])C([2H])=C([2H])C([2H])=C1[2H] UHOVQNZJYSORNB-MZWXYZOWSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 29
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Butyllithium Substances [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- ZCBSOTLLNBJIEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silane titanium Chemical compound [SiH4].[Ti] ZCBSOTLLNBJIEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 19
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 17
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane Substances C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910010068 TiCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229910010062 TiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 6
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 6
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1B(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane Chemical compound C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- SCABQASLNUQUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylium Chemical compound [SiH3+] SCABQASLNUQUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XWJBRBSPAODJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7-octadiene Chemical compound C=CCCCCC=C XWJBRBSPAODJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YSAXEHWHSLANOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(C)=CC2=C1 YSAXEHWHSLANOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N (5e)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical group C1C2C(=C/C)/CC1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CXLNYETYUQMZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(C)=C(C)C2=C1 CXLNYETYUQMZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CCUYEVNCRQDQRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(Br)=CC2=C1 CCUYEVNCRQDQRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BEKNOGMQVKBMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2,3-dihydroinden-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)CC2=C1 BEKNOGMQVKBMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006758 bulk electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;iron(3+) Chemical class [Fe+3].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- WEWOXWQUNYMECS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2,3-dimethyl-1h-inden-1-ide Chemical compound [Li+].C1=CC=C2C(C)=C(C)[CH-]C2=C1 WEWOXWQUNYMECS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N norbornadiene Chemical compound C1=CC2C=CC1C2 SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
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- JPAWBUAWOBTCFM-VQHVLOKHSA-N (e)-2-methyl-1-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound C\C=C(/C)C(O)C1=C(C)C(C)=CC(C)=C1C JPAWBUAWOBTCFM-VQHVLOKHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIDGVYLASHKLRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5,7-pentamethyl-1h-indene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C2=C1C(C)C(C)=C2 DIDGVYLASHKLRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQPCJMAXRLCPIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6-tetramethyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=C(C)C=C(C)C2=C1CC(C)=C2C UQPCJMAXRLCPIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSZBTNOPLNPPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydroinden-1-one Chemical compound O=C1C(C)CC2=C1C=C(C)C=C2C WSZBTNOPLNPPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSHJHVHMLRKHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(CC)=CC2=C1 BSHJHVHMLRKHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOUIKRLGKLTCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(CCC)=CC2=C1 DOUIKRLGKLTCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RREAVEQOCKXSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-inden-2-ide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[CH-]C=CC2=C1 RREAVEQOCKXSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUDNBFMOXDUIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-diene Chemical compound C=CC(C)CCC=C(C)C FUDNBFMOXDUIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HZCXLYHVTHRUPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(2,3-dimethyl-1h-inden-1-yl)-dimethylsilyl]adamantan-1-amine Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2CC13N[Si](C)(C)C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C)=C1C HZCXLYHVTHRUPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNUPTMJZQCDARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[dimethyl-(2,3,4,6-tetramethyl-1h-inden-1-yl)silyl]-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C1C(C)=C(C)C2=C1C=C(C)C=C2C ZNUPTMJZQCDARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O oxonium Chemical compound [OH3+] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930015698 phenylpropene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004819 silanols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- QLUMLEDLZDMGDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1h-naphthalen-1-ide Chemical compound [Na+].[C-]1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 QLUMLEDLZDMGDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-O tributylazanium Chemical compound CCCC[NH+](CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- CXKQHHJKHZXXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsilanylium Chemical compound CC[Si+](CC)CC CXKQHHJKHZXXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOYMPSZBODLRKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilanylium Chemical compound C[Si+](C)C VOYMPSZBODLRKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritylium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65908—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an ionising compound other than alumoxane, e.g. (C6F5)4B-X+
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US591395P | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | |
| PCT/US1996/016012 WO1997015583A1 (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1996-10-03 | Substituted indenyl containing metal complexes and olefin polymerization process |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO981854D0 NO981854D0 (no) | 1998-04-24 |
| NO981854L NO981854L (no) | 1998-06-23 |
| NO322510B1 true NO322510B1 (no) | 2006-10-16 |
Family
ID=21718328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19981854A NO322510B1 (no) | 1995-10-27 | 1998-04-24 | Metallkomplekser, koordinasjonspolymerisasjonskatalysator og koordinasjonspolymerisasjonsprosess for polymerisasjon av olefin |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0874860B1 (cs) |
| JP (1) | JP4454698B2 (cs) |
| KR (1) | KR100419698B1 (cs) |
| CN (1) | CN1098857C (cs) |
| AR (1) | AR006266A1 (cs) |
| AT (1) | ATE227729T1 (cs) |
| AU (1) | AU717869B2 (cs) |
| BR (1) | BR9611128A (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA2229608C (cs) |
| CZ (1) | CZ129998A3 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE69624839T2 (cs) |
| ES (1) | ES2183978T3 (cs) |
| HU (1) | HUP9802868A3 (cs) |
| MY (1) | MY127666A (cs) |
| NO (1) | NO322510B1 (cs) |
| PL (1) | PL186283B1 (cs) |
| PT (1) | PT874860E (cs) |
| RO (1) | RO118295B1 (cs) |
| RU (1) | RU2175325C2 (cs) |
| TW (1) | TW430674B (cs) |
| WO (1) | WO1997015583A1 (cs) |
| ZA (1) | ZA969000B (cs) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9712535A (pt) * | 1996-12-19 | 1999-10-19 | Dow Chemical Co | Complexo metálico e catalisador e processo para a polimerização de olefinas |
| US5965756A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1999-10-12 | The Dow Chemical Company | Fused ring substituted indenyl metal complexes and polymerization process |
| US6420507B1 (en) | 1997-05-01 | 2002-07-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Olefin polymers prepared with substituted indenyl containing metal complexes |
| AR012645A1 (es) * | 1997-05-01 | 2000-11-08 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Polimeros de alfa-olefinas preparados por polimerizacion en presencia de complejos de metales que contienen grupos indenilo |
| US6150297A (en) | 1997-09-15 | 2000-11-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Cyclopentaphenanthrenyl metal complexes and polymerization process |
| US6630545B2 (en) | 1997-09-15 | 2003-10-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymerization process |
| CA2285213C (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2013-07-30 | Boulder Scientific Company | Silylated and n-silylated compound synthesis |
| KR100623106B1 (ko) | 1998-11-02 | 2006-09-13 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 인크. | 전단시닝 에틸렌／α―올레핀 인터폴리머 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| JP4964389B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2012-06-27 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 多環式、縮合環化合物、金属錯体及び重合方法 |
| US6806327B2 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2004-10-19 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Substituted polycyclic, fused ring compounds, metal complexes and polymerization process |
| US6946531B2 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2005-09-20 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Low molecular weight ethylene interpolymers and polymerization process |
| CA2446116A1 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2002-11-21 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | 3-aryl-substituted cyclopentadienyl metal complexes and polymerization process |
| ATE403684T1 (de) | 2002-03-14 | 2008-08-15 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Metallkomplexe mit substituierten indenylliganden und polymerisationsverfahren |
| US6927264B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2005-08-09 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Metal complexes and polymerization process using same |
| BRPI1015130B1 (pt) | 2009-07-28 | 2019-11-26 | Univation Tech Llc | processo de polimerização usando um catalisador de geometria limitada suportado |
| CA2724943A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-10 | Nova Chemicals Corporation | Catalyst activation in a dual reactor process |
| JP6073818B2 (ja) | 2011-03-08 | 2017-02-01 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | エチレン系重合反応中に使用される溶媒を再循環するための方法およびそのためのシステム |
| US8664461B2 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2014-03-04 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalysts for producing polyalpha-olefins and processes related thereto |
| WO2016110698A1 (en) | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-14 | Scg Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Sio2-layered double hydroxide microspheres and methods of making them |
| KR102010630B1 (ko) * | 2016-01-20 | 2019-08-13 | 한화토탈 주식회사 | 올레핀 중합촉매 및 이를 이용한 올레핀 중합방법 |
| GB201608384D0 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-06-29 | Scg Chemicals Co Ltd | Unsymmetrical metallocene catalysts and uses thereof |
| GB201610457D0 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-07-27 | Scg Chemicals Co Ltd | Catalysts |
| KR101870513B1 (ko) | 2016-06-29 | 2018-06-22 | 강정영 | 소형 탈취장치 |
| CN112939844B (zh) * | 2019-12-10 | 2023-02-03 | 华东师范大学 | 一种多取代四氢咔唑及其衍生物及其合成方法和应用 |
| WO2022155026A1 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2022-07-21 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Asymmetric constrained geometry catalysts |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ235032A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1993-04-28 | Dow Chemical Co | Constrained geometry complexes of titanium, zirconium or hafnium comprising a substituted cyclopentadiene ligand; use as olefin polymerisation catalyst component |
| US5026798A (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1991-06-25 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing crystalline poly-α-olefins with a monocyclopentadienyl transition metal catalyst system |
| ES2096475T3 (es) * | 1993-06-24 | 1997-03-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Complejos de titanio (ii) o circonio (ii) y catalizadores de polimerizacion por adicion obtenidos a partir de los mismos. |
| WO1995014024A1 (fr) * | 1993-11-18 | 1995-05-26 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Compose de metal de transition, catalyseur de polymerisation d'olefines et procede pour produire un polymere d'olefines en utilisant ce catalyseur |
| ES2139926T3 (es) * | 1994-09-02 | 2000-02-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Elastomeros termoestables. |
-
1996
- 1996-10-03 KR KR10-1998-0702982A patent/KR100419698B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 RO RO98-00892A patent/RO118295B1/ro unknown
- 1996-10-03 RU RU98109935/04A patent/RU2175325C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 BR BR9611128A patent/BR9611128A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 AU AU73929/96A patent/AU717869B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-03 PT PT96936227T patent/PT874860E/pt unknown
- 1996-10-03 EP EP96936227A patent/EP0874860B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-03 HU HU9802868A patent/HUP9802868A3/hu unknown
- 1996-10-03 WO PCT/US1996/016012 patent/WO1997015583A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-10-03 CZ CZ981299A patent/CZ129998A3/cs unknown
- 1996-10-03 JP JP51662097A patent/JP4454698B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-03 CA CA002229608A patent/CA2229608C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-03 PL PL96326426A patent/PL186283B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 ES ES96936227T patent/ES2183978T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-03 AT AT96936227T patent/ATE227729T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 CN CN96197902A patent/CN1098857C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-03 DE DE69624839T patent/DE69624839T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-24 TW TW085113065A patent/TW430674B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-25 MY MYPI96004449A patent/MY127666A/en unknown
- 1996-10-25 ZA ZA9609000A patent/ZA969000B/xx unknown
-
1997
- 1997-03-18 AR ARP970101064A patent/AR006266A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
1998
- 1998-04-24 NO NO19981854A patent/NO322510B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7392996A (en) | 1997-05-15 |
| AU717869B2 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
| PL326426A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
| JPH11514376A (ja) | 1999-12-07 |
| NO981854L (no) | 1998-06-23 |
| RU2175325C2 (ru) | 2001-10-27 |
| CA2229608C (en) | 2005-06-21 |
| ZA969000B (en) | 1998-04-28 |
| KR19990067045A (ko) | 1999-08-16 |
| RO118295B1 (ro) | 2003-04-30 |
| CN1200735A (zh) | 1998-12-02 |
| ATE227729T1 (de) | 2002-11-15 |
| MY127666A (en) | 2006-12-29 |
| HUP9802868A3 (en) | 1999-04-28 |
| ES2183978T3 (es) | 2003-04-01 |
| AR006266A1 (es) | 1999-08-11 |
| NO981854D0 (no) | 1998-04-24 |
| JP4454698B2 (ja) | 2010-04-21 |
| EP0874860A1 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
| EP0874860B1 (en) | 2002-11-13 |
| CZ129998A3 (cs) | 1998-08-12 |
| WO1997015583A1 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
| BR9611128A (pt) | 1999-03-30 |
| DE69624839D1 (de) | 2002-12-19 |
| CN1098857C (zh) | 2003-01-15 |
| KR100419698B1 (ko) | 2004-05-17 |
| PT874860E (pt) | 2003-02-28 |
| CA2229608A1 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
| PL186283B1 (pl) | 2003-12-31 |
| DE69624839T2 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
| TW430674B (en) | 2001-04-21 |
| HUP9802868A2 (hu) | 1999-03-29 |
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| MM1K | Lapsed by not paying the annual fees |