KR960037108A - 평형 조절 반응의 수행 방법 - Google Patents

평형 조절 반응의 수행 방법 Download PDF

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KR960037108A
KR960037108A KR1019960011488A KR19960011488A KR960037108A KR 960037108 A KR960037108 A KR 960037108A KR 1019960011488 A KR1019960011488 A KR 1019960011488A KR 19960011488 A KR19960011488 A KR 19960011488A KR 960037108 A KR960037108 A KR 960037108A
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South Korea
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product
adsorptive
pressure
adsorbent
mixture
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KR1019960011488A
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English (en)
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나타라지 샹카
토마스 카빌 브라이언
레이몬드 허프턴 제프리
제라드 마요가 스티븐
리차드 가프니 토마스
리차드 브르조조우스키 제프리
Original Assignee
윌리엄 에프, 마쉬
에어 프로덕츠 앤드 케미칼스, 인코오포레이티드
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Publication of KR960037108A publication Critical patent/KR960037108A/ko

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Abstract

본 발명은 미리 결정된 시간적 순서로 작동되는 목적 반응을 수행하기에 적합한 흡수제와 반응 촉매의 혼합물을 수용한 다수의 반응기에서 평형 조절 반응(equilibrium controlled reactions)을 수행하는 주기적 방법에 관한 것인데, 여기서, 각 반응기내 이동 반응물 전이 대역에서의 가열 및 냉각 요건이 각 공정 사이클중 흡착 반응, 탈압, 정화 및 가압 단계중에서 각각의 반응기에서 유지되는 온도에서 상 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체와의 간접적인 열 교환에 의해 제공된다.

Description

평형 조절 반응의 수행 방법
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 촉매와 흡착제의 혼합물을 수용한 2개 반응기를 사용하는 평형 조절 반응의 수행 방법의 통상적인 실시태양에 대한 공정 흐름도로서, 상기 반응기는 소정의 순서에 따라 사이클로 작동한다, 제2도는 57psig 및 275℃에서 본 발명의 방법에 따라 수행한 물 기체 전이 반응의 역반응에서 시간에 따른 반응기 유출물중의 CO 농도의 단면을 나타낸 것이다, 제3도는 57psig 및 275℃에서 본 발명의 방법에 따라 수행한 물 기체 전이 반응의 역반응에서 시간에 따른 반응기 유출물의 유속을 나타낸 것이다, 일산화탄소를 정화 유체 및 가압 유체로 사용하였다, 제4도는 55psig 및 250℃에서 본 발명의 방법에 따라 수행한 물 기체 전이 반응의 역반응에서 반응기 유출물의 유속 및 CO 농도의 단면을 나타낸 것이다, 일산화탄소를 약-흡착성 정화 유체 및 가압 유체로서 사용하였다, 제5도는 50psig 및 250℃에서 본 발명에 따라 수행한 물 기체 전이 반응의 역반응에서 반응기 유출물의 유속 및 CO 농도 단면을 나타낸 것이다, 이산화 탄소를 정화 유체 및 가압 유체로서 사용하였다.

Claims (31)

  1. 미리 결정된 시간적 순서로 작동되는 다수의 반응기를 포함하는 시스템에서 평형 조절 반응(equilibrium controlled reactions)을 수행하는 방법으로서, 여기서, 각 반응기내 이동 반응물 전이 대역에서의 가열 및 냉각 요건이 하기 (a) 내지 (e)의 주기적 단계중에 각 반응기에서 유지되는 온도에서 상 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체와의 간접적인 열 교환에 의해 제공되는 방법; (a) 공급원료를 흡착제에 의해 선택적으로 흡착되는 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물, 및 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물로 전환시키기에 충분한 반응 조건하에서 평형 조절 반응을 수행하기에 적합한 흡착제와 촉매의 혼합물을 수용한 제1반응기에서 제1압력하에 공급원료를 반응시킨 후, 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물이 농축되어 있고 미반응 공급원료 및 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물이 고갈된 스트림을 배출시키는 단계; (b) 미반응 공급원료, 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물의 일부 및 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물의 일부로 구성된 혼합물을 배출시킴으로써(withdrawing) 제1반응기의 압력을 제2압력으로 역류 탈압시키는 (countercurrently depressurizing) 단계; (c) 흡착제에 비해 약-흡착성 정화 유체 (purge fluid)로써 제1압력하에 제1반응기를 역류 정화하여 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물을 흡착제로부터 탈착시킨 후, 미반응 공급원료, 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물의 일부 및 흡착성이 약한 생성물의 일부로 구성된 혼합물을 배출시키는 단계; (d) 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물로써 제2압력하에 제1반응기를 역류 정화하여 약-흡착성 정화 유체를 탈착시킨 후, 약-흡착성 정화 유체, 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물 일부 및 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물 일부로 구성된 혼합물을 배출시키는 단계; (e) 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물을 사용하여 제1반응기 압력을 제2압력으로부터 제1압력으로 역류 압축시킨 후, 제1반응기내에서 또다른 공정 사이클을 시작하는 단계.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, (f) 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물이 농축되어 있고, 미반응 공급원료 및 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물이 고갈된 단계 (a)의 스트림을 분리시켜 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물을 포함하는 스트림을 형성시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, (f) 미반응 공급원료, 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물 일부 및 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물 일부로 구성된 단계 (c)의 생성 혼합물을 분리시켜 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물을 포함하는 스트림을 형성하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  4. 제1항에 있어서, 제1압력하에 제1반응기를 약-흡착성 정화 유체로 역류 정화한 후, 미반응 공급원료, 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물 일부 및 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물 일부를 포함하는 혼합물을 배출시키는 단계를 단계 (a)와 단계 (b) 사이에서 추가로 수행하는 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 미반응 공급원료, 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물 일부 및 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물 일부를 포함하는 혼합물을 분리시킴으로써 미반응 공급원료를 포함하는 스트림을 형성한 후, 미반응 공급원료를 포함하는 스트림의 일부를 단계 (a)에서 공급원료로 사용하도록 재순환시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  6. 제1항에 있어서, (g) 약-흡착성 정화 유체, 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물 일부 및 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물의 일부를 포함하는 다계 (d)의 혼합물을 분리시켜 약-흡착성 정화 유체를 포함하는 스트림을 형성시킨 후, 이 스트림의 일부를 단계 (c)에서 약-흡착성 정화 유체로 사용하도록 재순환시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  7. 제1항에 있어서, 흡착제와 촉매의 혼합물이 5 내지 95중량%의 흡착제 및 95 내지 5중량%의 촉매를 포함하는 방법.
  8. 제1항에 있어서, 공급원료가 이산화탄소 및 수소를 포함하고, 흡착제에 비해 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물이 물이며 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물은 일산화탄소인 방법.
  9. 제8항에 있어서, 상기 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체가 디페닐 옥사이드와 비페닐 옥사이드 및 증기의 공융(共融) 혼합물로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 방법.
  10. 제8항에 있어서, 반응 촉매가 물 기체 전이 촉매이고, 반응 조건은 온도가 200∼600℃이며, 제1압력은 2 내지 50바이고, 제2압력은 0.05 내지 2바인 방법
  11. 제8항에 있어서, 흡착제가 제올라이트, 알루미나 또는 실라카겔을 포함하고, 약-흡착성 정화 유체는 메탄, 수소, 질소, 이산화탄소 및 증기로 구성된 군중에서 선택되는 방법.
  12. 제1항에 있어서, 공급원료가 물 및 메탄올 1.5 내지 30의 물 대 메탄의 비율로 포함하고, 흡착제에 비해 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물이 이산화탄소이고 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물은 수소인 방법.
  13. 제12항에 있어서, 상기 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체가 비페닐 옥사이드와 디페닐 옥사이드 및 디메틸폴리실록산의 공융 혼합물로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 방법.
  14. 제12항에 있어서, 반응 촉매가 증기-메탄 개질 촉매를 포함하고, 반응 조건은 온도가 200∼600℃이며, 제1압력은 2 내지 50바이며, 제2압력은 0.05 내지 2바인 방법.
  15. 제12항에 있어서, 흡착제가 금속산화물 또는 칼륨 개질된 이중층 수산화물을 포함하고, 약-흡착성 유체는 메탄, 증기, 수소, 질소 및 일산화탄소로 구성된 군중에서 선택되는 방법.
  16. 제1항에 있어서, 공급원료가 물 및 메탄올 1 내지 1.5의 물 대 메탄의 화학량론적 비율로 포함하고, 흡착제에 비해 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물은 일산화탄소이고 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물은 수소인 방법.
  17. 제16항에 있어서, 상 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체가 비페닐 옥사이드와 디페닐 옥사이드 및 디메틸폴리실록산의 공융 혼합물로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 방법.
  18. 제16항에 있어서, 반응 촉매가 증기-메탄 개질 촉매를 포함하고, 반응 조건은 온도가 200∼600℃이고, 제1압력은 2 내지 50바이며, 제2압력은 0.05 내지 2바인 방법.
  19. 제16항에 있어서, 흡착제가, 높은 표면적의 기재상에 지지된 1가의 은 또는 구리 화합물을 포함하고, 약-흡착성 유체는 메탄, 물, 수소, 질소 및 이산화탄소로 구성된 군중에서 선택되는 방법.
  20. 제1항에 있어서, 공급원료가 이산화탄소 및 메탄을 포함하고, 촉매는 메탄 개질 촉매를 포함하고, 흡착제에 비해 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물은 수소이며, 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물은 일산화탄소인 방법.
  21. 제20항에 있어서, 상 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체가 비페닐 옥사이드와 디페닐 옥사이드 및 디메틸폴리실록산의 공융 혼합물로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 방법.
  22. 제20항에 있어서, 반응 조건이, 온도는 200∼600℃이고, 제1압력은 2 내지 50바이며, 제2압력은 0.05 내지 2바인 방법.
  23. 제20항에 있어서, 흡착제가 수소 착화 금속 합금을 포함하고, 약-흡착성 유체는 메탄, 증기, 이산화탄소, 일산화탄소 및 질소로 구성된 군중에서 선택되는 방법.
  24. 제1항에 있어서, 공급원료가 이산화탄소 및 메탄을 포함하고, 촉매는 메탄 개질 촉매를 포함하고, 흡착제에 비해 흡착성이 보다 큰 생성물은 일산화탄소이며, 흡착성이 보다 약한 생성물은 수소인 방법.
  25. 제24항에 있어서, 상 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 유체가 비페닐 옥사이드와 디페닐 옥사이드 및 디메틸폴리실록산의 공융 혼합물로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 방법.
  26. 제24항에 있어서, 반응 조건이, 온도는 200∼600℃이고, 제1압력은 2 내지 50바이며, 제2압력은 0.05 내지 2바인 방법.
  27. 제24항에 있어서, 흡착제가 Cu+또는 Ag+염을 포함하고, 약-흡착성 유체는 수소, 질소, 메탄, 이산화탄소 및 증기로 구성된 군중에서 선택되는 방법.
  28. 200 내지 500℃의 온도에서 이산화탄소와 과량의 물을 함유하는 기체상 혼합물에서 우선적으로 이산화탄소를 흡착할 수 있으며, 하기 일반식으로 표시되는 합착제;
    [Mg(1-x)Alx(OH)2][CO3]x/2ㆍyH2OㆍzH2OㆍzM1 2CO3
    상기 식에서, 0.09≤x≤0.40; 0≤y≤3,5; 0≤z≤3,5; M1= Na 또는 K이다.
  29. 제28항에 있어서, M1이 K인 흡착제.
  30. 200 내지 50℃의 온도에서 이산화탄소와 과량의 물을 함유하는 기체상 혼합물에서 이산화탄소를 우선적으로 흡착할 수 있으며, 0≤y≤3,5인 일반식 Mg[Al2]O4ㆍyK2CO3으로 표시되는 흡착제.
  31. 제30항에 있어서, y가 0인 흡착제.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019960011488A 1995-04-10 1996-04-10 평형 조절 반응의 수행 방법 KR960037108A (ko)

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