KR880011350A - 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법 - Google Patents
튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR880011350A KR880011350A KR1019880003262A KR880003262A KR880011350A KR 880011350 A KR880011350 A KR 880011350A KR 1019880003262 A KR1019880003262 A KR 1019880003262A KR 880003262 A KR880003262 A KR 880003262A KR 880011350 A KR880011350 A KR 880011350A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- billet
- temperature
- range
- cold working
- raised
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 23
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
- B21B1/20—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section in a non-continuous process,(e.g. skew rolling, i.e. planetary cross rolling)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
- B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
- B21B19/06—Rolling hollow basic material, e.g. Assel mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/005—Copper or its alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B21/00—Pilgrim-step tube-rolling, i.e. pilger mills
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
- Y10S72/70—Deforming specified alloys or uncommon metal or bimetallic work
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
- Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
- Y10T29/49991—Combined with rolling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
Claims (24)
- 처리중에 있는 재료의 온도가 변형 저항성의 영향 때문에 재결정화 온도 범위로 상승하는 형태로 빌레트가 냉간 가공됨을 특징으로 하는 비철금속으로 된 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 냉간 가공이 냉간 압연으로써 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 냉간 가공시에 빌레트가 냉간 가공 직전에 예비 가열됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 3 항에 있어서, 상기 예비 가열이 유도코일을 사용함으로써 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 빌레트가 구리 또는 구리 합금으로 되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 빌레트가 알루미늄 또는 알루미늄 합금으로 되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 빌레트가 니켈 또는 니켈 합금으로 되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 빌레트가 지르코늄 또는 지르코늄 합금으로 되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 빌레트가 티타늄 또는 티타늄 합금으로 되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 냉간 가공시 면적의 감소가 적어도 70% 임을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 냉간 가공시 면적의 감소가 바람직하게 약 90% 임을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 2 항 또는 제 3 항에 있어서, 빌레트의 냉간 가공이 유성압연으로써 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 튜브셀의 냉간 가공이 유성압연으로써 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 고체 빌레트가 연속주조로 제조됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가공되는 빌레트가 연속주조로 제조됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가공되는 빌레트가 압출됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가공되는 재료의 온도가 250∼750℃의 범위로 상승됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 5 항 및 17항에 있어서, 상기 온도가 250∼700℃의 범위로 상승됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 6 항 및 17항에 있어서, 상기 온도가 250∼450℃의 범위로 상승됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 7 항 및 17항에 있어서, 상기 온도가 650∼℃의 범위로 상승됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 8 항 및 17항에 있어서, 상기 온도가 700∼750℃의 범위로 상승됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 9 항 및 17항에 있어서, 상기 온도가 700∼℃의 범위로 상승됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항 및 17항에 있어서, 상기 온도가 냉각을 조정함으로써 조절됨을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가공된 재료의 입자크기가 0.005∼0.050mm의 범위내에 있음을 특징으로 하는 튜브, 바아 및 스트립 제조방법.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI871344A FI77057C (fi) | 1987-03-26 | 1987-03-26 | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av roer, staenger och band. |
FI871344 | 1987-03-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR880011350A true KR880011350A (ko) | 1988-10-28 |
KR910009976B1 KR910009976B1 (ko) | 1991-12-07 |
Family
ID=8524207
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019880003262A KR910009976B1 (ko) | 1987-03-26 | 1988-03-25 | 튜브의 제조방법 |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4876870A (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2540183B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR910009976B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1019750B (ko) |
AT (1) | AT391430B (ko) |
AU (1) | AU600801B2 (ko) |
BE (1) | BE1001676A5 (ko) |
BG (1) | BG60198B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR8801480A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA1313780C (ko) |
CH (1) | CH673844A5 (ko) |
CS (1) | CS275472B2 (ko) |
DD (1) | DD280978A5 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE3810261C2 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2007168A6 (ko) |
FI (1) | FI77057C (ko) |
FR (1) | FR2612818B1 (ko) |
GB (1) | GB2202780B (ko) |
IN (1) | IN166784B (ko) |
IT (1) | IT1233875B (ko) |
MX (1) | MX173615B (ko) |
MY (1) | MY102742A (ko) |
NL (1) | NL193867C (ko) |
PL (1) | PL156320B1 (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2025155C1 (ko) |
SE (1) | SE503869C2 (ko) |
TR (1) | TR23926A (ko) |
YU (1) | YU46255B (ko) |
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JP3117056B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-08 | 2000-12-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 撮像装置 |
DE3926459A1 (de) * | 1989-08-10 | 1991-02-14 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von thermomechanisch behandeltem walzgut aus stahl |
DE4332132A1 (de) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-23 | Mannesmann Ag | Herstellverfahren für nahtlose Rohre aus Nichteisenmetallen, insbesondere Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen |
EP0644272A3 (de) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-06-07 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellung von Rohren aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen. |
IT1316715B1 (it) * | 2000-03-03 | 2003-04-24 | A M T Robotics S R L | Procedimento per la realizzazione di tubi metallici e relativaapparecchiatura |
FI114901B (fi) * | 2000-12-20 | 2005-01-31 | Outokumpu Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto putkien valmistamiseksi valssaamalla |
FI114900B (fi) * | 2000-12-20 | 2005-01-31 | Outokumpu Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto putkien valmistamiseksi |
DE10107567A1 (de) | 2001-02-17 | 2002-08-29 | Sms Meer Gmbh | Verfahren zum Kaltwalzen von nahtlosen Kupferrohren |
US7967605B2 (en) | 2004-03-16 | 2011-06-28 | Guidance Endodontics, Llc | Endodontic files and obturator devices and methods of manufacturing same |
CN1695839B (zh) * | 2004-08-17 | 2010-07-07 | 江苏包罗铜材集团股份有限公司 | 铸锭冷穿、冷扩孔的三辊斜轧方法 |
US7732059B2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2010-06-08 | Alcoa Inc. | Heat exchanger tubing by continuous extrusion |
DE102005031805A1 (de) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-18 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Fertigungslinie zum Herstellen von Metallbändern aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen |
CN100566916C (zh) * | 2005-12-13 | 2009-12-09 | 金龙精密铜管集团股份有限公司 | 铜或铜合金管的制造方法 |
CN100372621C (zh) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-03-05 | 江苏兴荣高新科技股份有限公司 | 一种铜铝复合管材的制造方法及该方法制造的铜铝复合管材 |
CN101441911B (zh) * | 2008-12-31 | 2012-12-26 | 中铁建电气化局集团有限公司 | 一种接触线及杆坯的制备方法 |
CN101569893B (zh) * | 2009-05-11 | 2012-10-24 | 金龙精密铜管集团股份有限公司 | 铝或铝合金无缝管的制造方法 |
ES2947497T3 (es) * | 2013-02-04 | 2023-08-10 | La Farga Tub S L | Tubo de cobre para la industria de la construcción y proceso para su preparación |
CN103722040A (zh) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-04-16 | 青岛盛嘉信息科技有限公司 | 一种铜板带的生产工艺方法 |
WO2015089365A2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Electrolux Home Products, Inc. | Movable mullion |
CN104028557B (zh) * | 2014-05-20 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏兴荣高新科技股份有限公司 | 铜或铜合金带材及其制造方法和生产设备 |
CN105964693B (zh) * | 2016-01-12 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏隆达超合金航材股份有限公司 | 镍基高温合金管的行星轧制生产工艺 |
ES2879798T3 (es) | 2016-02-02 | 2021-11-23 | Tubacex Sa | Tubos de aleación a base de níquel y método para la fabricación de los mismos |
CN108202088B (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-08-20 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | 一种小规格钛及钛合金棒线材的加工方法 |
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US3496755A (en) * | 1968-01-03 | 1970-02-24 | Crucible Inc | Method for producing flat-rolled product |
BE754607A (fr) * | 1969-08-18 | 1971-01-18 | Mannesmann Ag | Procede de fabrication de corps creux |
CA934583A (en) * | 1970-01-13 | 1973-10-02 | Westinghouse Canada Limited | Roll reduction of tubing |
US3613425A (en) * | 1970-01-29 | 1971-10-19 | United States Steel Corp | Annealing strip during cold rolling |
DE2723506A1 (de) * | 1977-05-25 | 1978-12-14 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Schraegwalzwerk zum reduzieren von langgestrecktem gut |
DE2733401A1 (de) * | 1977-07-23 | 1979-02-01 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Schraegwalzwerk zum reduzieren von langgestrecktem gut |
US3735617A (en) * | 1970-10-19 | 1973-05-29 | Siemag Siegener Masch Bau | Rolling mill |
SE415784B (sv) * | 1971-03-18 | 1980-10-27 | Asea Ab | Upplosningsbehandling genom strengpressning av herdbara aluminiumlegeringar |
US3762962A (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-10-02 | Asea Ab | Solution heat treatment of hardenable aluminium alloys |
JPS6037172B2 (ja) * | 1978-03-11 | 1985-08-24 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 一方向性珪素鋼板の製造法 |
JPS5617104A (en) * | 1979-07-23 | 1981-02-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for rolling bar or rod |
JPS56165502A (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1981-12-19 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of cold rolled titanium sheet |
AU562483B2 (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1987-06-11 | Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. | Reduction rolling to produce circular bar material |
JPS59125203A (ja) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-07-19 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 粗圧延鋼板の温度制御方法 |
FR2557594B1 (fr) * | 1983-12-30 | 1990-04-06 | Metalimphy | Alliages a base de nickel |
US4659396A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-04-21 | Aluminum Company Of America | Metal working method |
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1987
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1988
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- 1988-03-18 NL NL8800686A patent/NL193867C/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-21 CS CS881837A patent/CS275472B2/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 CA CA000562124A patent/CA1313780C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1988-03-23 GB GB8806897A patent/GB2202780B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-23 SE SE8801064A patent/SE503869C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-23 US US07/172,196 patent/US4876870A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1988-03-25 RU SU884355435A patent/RU2025155C1/ru active
- 1988-03-25 DE DE3810261A patent/DE3810261C2/de not_active Revoked
- 1988-03-25 ES ES8800934A patent/ES2007168A6/es not_active Expired
- 1988-03-25 YU YU60888A patent/YU46255B/sh unknown
- 1988-03-25 FR FR888803927A patent/FR2612818B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-25 KR KR1019880003262A patent/KR910009976B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-25 BR BR8801480A patent/BR8801480A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-25 AT AT0080288A patent/AT391430B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-25 JP JP63069947A patent/JP2540183B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-26 CN CN88101739A patent/CN1019750B/zh not_active Expired
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