KR20060074807A - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20060074807A KR20060074807A KR1020050054470A KR20050054470A KR20060074807A KR 20060074807 A KR20060074807 A KR 20060074807A KR 1020050054470 A KR1020050054470 A KR 1020050054470A KR 20050054470 A KR20050054470 A KR 20050054470A KR 20060074807 A KR20060074807 A KR 20060074807A
- Authority
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- negative electrode
- phase
- electrode active
- alloy powder
- Prior art date
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910005881 NiSi 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBKMJZAKWQTTHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyldioxolane Chemical compound CC1COOC1 LBKMJZAKWQTTHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010090 LiAlO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015915 LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012506 LiSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001228 Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NCM 111) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCC DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OC(C)C JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)C RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(O)=O FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M2010/4292—Aspects relating to capacity ratio of electrodes/electrolyte or anode/cathode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
NaOH 처리시간 | Si 함유량 | Ag 함유량 | 용량비 | 초기 용량비 | 용량유지율 | |
실시예 1 | 1시간 | 53질량% | 31질량% | 1.50배 | 100% | 80% |
실시예 2 | 1시간 | 53질량% | 31질량% | 1.35배 | 110% | 75% |
실시예 3 | 1시간 | 53질량% | 31질량% | 0.88배 | 139% | 61% |
실시예 4 | 1시간 | 53질량% | 31질량% | 0.77배 | 142% | 59% |
실시예 5 | 2시간 | 49질량% | 35질량% | 1.35배 | 108% | 81% |
실시예 6 | 4시간 | 34질량% | 42질량% | 1.35배 | 92% | 83% |
비교예 1 | 0시간 | 65질량% | 25질량% | 1.50배 | 108% | 20% |
비교예 2 | 0시간 | 65질량% | 25질량% | 0.70배 | 146% | 12% |
비교예 3 | 0시간 | 58질량% | 22질량% | 1.50배 | 128% | 22% |
비교예 4 | 1시간 | 53질량% | 31질량% | 0.68배 | 155% | 30% |
Claims (18)
- 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극, 및Si를 주성분으로 하는 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극을 포함하고,상기 음극의 이론용량과 음극 활물질의 질량비를 곱하여 계산되는 전기용량이 상기 양극의 이론용량과 양극 활물질의 질량비를 곱하여 계산되는 전기용량의 0.75배 이상으로 설정된 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 Si 상; SiM 상; 및 X 상 및 SiX 상으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 것을 포함하는 다상 합금 분말로 이루어지고(이때, 상기 M은 Ni, Co, As, B, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Y중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이며, 원소 X는 Ag, Cu, Au 중 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이며, 원소 M과 원소 X는 동시에 Cu는 아니다),상기 다상 합금 분말의 입자 표면에서의 Si 상의 양은 입자 내부에서의 Si 상의 양보다 적은 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 다상 합금 분말의 입자 표면상의 Si 함유량(a)과 입자 단면의 Si의 함유량(b)의 비가 0.5≤a/b≤0.95인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 다상 합금 분말은 입자 표면에 미세 기공이 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,상기 미세 기공은 10nm 내지 5㎛의 평균 기공 직경을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,상기 미세 기공은 10 nm 내지 1㎛의 깊이를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 다상 합금 분말은 5㎛ 내지 30㎛의 평균 입경을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 다상 합금 분말은 0.2m2/g 내지 5m2/g의 비표면적을 갖는 것을 특징으 로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 Si를 활물질 총 중량에 대하여 30 내지 70질량%로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 X를 활물질 총 중량에 대하여 1 내지 30질량%로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- Si, 원소 M 및 원소 X를 함유하는 합금 용탕을 급냉하여 급냉 합금 분말을 제조하는 공정; 및상기 얻어진 급냉 합금 분말을 알칼리성 용액에 함침 처리하여 급냉 합금 분말의 표면에 석출된 Si상을 제거하는 공정을 포함하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 합금 용탕은 Si를 합금용탕 총 중량에 대하여 30질량% 내지 70질량%로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 합금 용탕은 기체분사법, 물분사법 및 롤 급냉법으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 방법에 의해 급냉되는 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 함침 처리는 30분 내지 5시간 동안 실시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 함침 처리는 급냉 합금 분말 표면에서의 Si 상 제거 후의 분말의 비표면적이 Si 상 제거 전의 급냉 합금 분말의 비표면적의 1.2배 내지 50배 될 때까지 실시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 알칼리성 용액은 수산화나트륨 또는 수산화칼륨 수용액인 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 함침 처리 후, 얻어진 급냉 합금 분말의 입자 크기를 조절하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 급냉 합금 분말이 5㎛ 내지 30㎛ 의 입자 크기를 갖도록 입자크기를 조절하는 단계를 더 포함하는 특징으로 하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
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Cited By (3)
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KR101374789B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-10 | 2014-03-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 구비하는 리튬 이차전지 |
KR101374788B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-12 | 2014-03-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 구비하는 리튬 이차전지 |
US9203085B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2015-12-01 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Anode active material for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery having the same |
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JP6322362B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-01 | 2018-05-09 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Si系合金負極材料 |
JP6156190B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-27 | 2017-07-05 | ソニー株式会社 | 負極活物質、電池、電池パック、電子機器、電動車両、蓄電装置および電力システム |
KR20210057610A (ko) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-21 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 이차전지 |
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JP3846661B2 (ja) * | 1997-02-24 | 2006-11-15 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
KR100274884B1 (ko) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-12-15 | 김순택 | 양.음극의 용량비를 보상한 2차 전지 |
JP3562398B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-08 | 2004-09-08 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料の製造方法と二次電池 |
JP3827642B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-06 | 2006-09-27 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びその製造方法並びにリチウム二次電池 |
JP4030443B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-27 | 2008-01-09 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP4953557B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2012-06-13 | 三洋電機株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極及びリチウム二次電池 |
JP2005317309A (ja) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池 |
JP4868786B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-24 | 2012-02-01 | 三洋電機株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101374788B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-12 | 2014-03-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 구비하는 리튬 이차전지 |
US9203085B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2015-12-01 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Anode active material for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery having the same |
KR101374789B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-10 | 2014-03-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 구비하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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