KR101145154B1 - Agricultral chemicals and producing method thereof - Google Patents

Agricultral chemicals and producing method thereof Download PDF

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KR101145154B1
KR101145154B1 KR1020100036714A KR20100036714A KR101145154B1 KR 101145154 B1 KR101145154 B1 KR 101145154B1 KR 1020100036714 A KR1020100036714 A KR 1020100036714A KR 20100036714 A KR20100036714 A KR 20100036714A KR 101145154 B1 KR101145154 B1 KR 101145154B1
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charcoal
wood vinegar
composition
soil
preparing
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KR20110117329A (en
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이병재
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C5/00—Production of pyroligneous acid distillation of wood, dry distillation of organic waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로는 본 발명은 소나무, 대나무 및 향나무를 포함하는 숯 원료에 소금을 얹은 후, 이를 숯가마에서 가온하여 발생되는 증기를 회수하여 조목초액을 제조하고, 이를 숙성 및 정제하여 목초액을 제조하는 제 1단계; 상기 제 1단계의 증기 회수 후, 숯가마를 더 가온하여 숯을 제조하는 제 2단계; 상기에서 제조된 숯을 분쇄하여 숯 분말을 제조하는 제 3단계; 상기 숯 분말에 목초액을 1: 10~10: 1의 중량비로 혼합하여 흡착시키는 제 4단계; 상기 목초액이 함유된 숯 분말과 물을 1: 50~100의 비율로 물과 숯 분말을 혼합하는 제 5단계; 및 상기에서 제조된 목초액 1kg 당 매실 50~150g의 비율로 목초액에 매실을 넣은 후, 숙성시키는 제 6단계;를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물의 제조방법 및 이에 의하여 제조되는 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement, and more particularly, the present invention places salt on a charcoal raw material including pine, bamboo and juniper, and then recovers steam generated by heating it in a charcoal kiln, crude wood vinegar To prepare a first step of preparing the wood vinegar by aging and purification; A second step of preparing charcoal by further heating the charcoal after the steam recovery of the first step; A third step of preparing charcoal powder by grinding the prepared charcoal; A fourth step of admixing the wood vinegar solution to the charcoal powder in a weight ratio of 1: 10 to 10: 1; A fifth step of mixing the charcoal powder and water containing the wood vinegar solution at a ratio of 1:50 to 100; And a sixth step of ripening after adding plum to wood vinegar at a rate of 50 to 150 g of plum per 1 kg of wood vinegar prepared above, and ripening; and a method for producing a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement comprising the It relates to a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement.

Description

무공해 농약 및 이의 제조방법{Agricultral chemicals and producing method thereof}Pollution-free pesticides and its preparation method

본 발명은 무공해농약에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로는 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물의 제조방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a pollution-free pesticide, and more particularly to a method for producing a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement, and a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement produced thereby.

일반적으로 토양의 산성화는 증발량이 강우량보다 클 때 산염의 분해로 유리된 염기가 유실되어 산성토양이 되는 기후에 의한 토양 반응이 있고, 규산염 광물과 가수분해 산물의 분해, 부식이나 비료에 의한 산성화, 산성비와 공해물질 유입으로 인한 산성화 등이 있다.In general, the acidification of the soil is a soil reaction due to the climate of acidic soils due to the loss of the free base due to the decomposition of acid salts when the evaporation amount is greater than the rainfall, the decomposition of silicate minerals and hydrolysates, acidification by corrosion or fertilizer, Acidification due to acid rain and pollutant inflow.

특히 비료에는 황산암모늄, 과인산석회, 황산칼륨 등이 들어 있는데, 식물이 자라는 데 필요한 질소, 인산, 칼륨을 이용하고 황산이 남기 때문에 흙이 산성으로 변하게 된다. 또한, 식물은 생장을 위해 흙 속에서 염기성 금속을 섭취하는데, 염기를 충분히 섭취한 작물을 뿌리째 뽑으면 흙이 염기를 빼앗겨 산성이 강해져 토양이 산성화된다.In particular, fertilizers include ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, etc., which uses nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium, which are needed for plants to grow, and sulfuric acid, which leaves the soil acidic. In addition, plants ingest the basic metal in the soil for growth. When the roots are uprooted, the soil is deprived of the base and the acid becomes stronger, so that the soil is acidified.

이러한 토양의 산성화는 식물이 제대로 자라지 못하게 되며, 낙엽이나 동물 사체의 분해가 제대로 되지 않아 토양 동물의 영양공급이나 먹이제공에 직접적으로 영향을 주게 된다. 따라서, 산에 있는 흙을 넣는 복토작업이나 알칼리성의 석회를 뿌려서 중화시키기도 한다. 그러나 상기의 석회를 뿌리는 작업은 자동화시설의 미비로 골고루 살포하기가 어렵고, 번거로운 수작업을 동반하고 있어 농민들로부터 외면받고 있는 실정이다.This acidification of the soil will not be able to grow the plants properly, and the degradation of fallen leaves or animal carcasses will directly affect the nutrition and feeding of soil animals. Therefore, it is neutralized by covering soil in mountains or spraying alkaline lime. However, the work of spraying the lime is difficult to spread evenly due to the lack of automation facilities, accompanied by cumbersome manual work is being rejected by farmers.

한편, 최근에는 식생활의 개선에 따라 농작물의 경작 및 재배에 있어서도 유기농법을 비롯한 무농약 재배법의 중요성이 점차 부각되고 있고, 인체에 유해할 뿐만 아니라 환경을 오염시키는 화학성 농약을 사용하지 않기 위해 여러모로 노력하고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 농약을 사용하지 않는다면 병충해에 의해 상당한 수확량의 감소를 감안할 수 밖에 없다. 따라서 인체에 무해하고, 환경을 오염시키지 않으며, 작물의 성장촉진은 물론 수확의 감소가 없는 농약의 필요성이 어느 때보다 절실하게 필요한 시점이다.On the other hand, in recent years, with the improvement of dietary life, the importance of organic farming and non-pesticide cultivation has become increasingly important in the cultivation and cultivation of crops, and efforts have been made in various ways not to use chemical pesticides that are harmful to humans and pollute the environment. There is a situation. However, without the use of pesticides, it is inevitable to consider significant reductions in yields due to pests. Therefore, the need for pesticides that are harmless to the human body, does not pollute the environment, and promotes the growth of crops, as well as the reduction of harvest, is more urgently needed.

목초액은 엷은 노란색을 띠며 pH 3 전후의 강산이다. 목초액은 80 내지 90％가 물이며, 10 내지 20％가 유기화합물이다. 목초액 중에서 초산이 약 3％ 함유되어 있으며, 그 외에 유기산과 알코올류, 중성 성분, 염기성 성분 등 200여 종의 미량 성분이 함유되어 있다. 즉, 목초액은 식물의 세포내에서 생성된 일종의 세포액으로, 나무(특히 참나무) 또는 식물을 열분해하면 세포액이 기체화되어 밖으로 나오게 되고 이를 냉각시켜 6개월 이상 정치함으로써 얻어지는 액체로, 강산(强酸)이지만 다양한 유기산들이 함유되어 있어 토양에 관주하거나 엽면에 살포했을 때 수시간 내에 약알칼리성으로 변화하여 토양의 산소를 교정하고, 염류의 장애를 해소해주며, 병충해에 대한 구제능력을 가지는 것으로 널리 알려져 있다.Wood vinegar is pale yellow and strong acid before and after pH 3. The wood vinegar is 80 to 90% water, 10 to 20% is an organic compound. About 3% of acetic acid is contained in wood vinegar, and about 200 kinds of trace components such as organic acid, alcohol, neutral component and basic component are contained. In other words, the wood vinegar is a kind of cell solution produced in the cells of the plant. When the tree (especially oak) or the plant is pyrolyzed, the cell solution vaporizes and comes out of the cell solution. It is widely known that it contains various organic acids and changes to weak alkaline within several hours when irrigation or spraying on the foliar surface corrects the oxygen of the soil, solves the disturbance of salts, and has the ability to control pests.

이러한 목초액은 작물과 인체에 전혀 해가 없고, 환경을 오염시키지 않으므로 유기농업을 위한 농약성분으로 매우 각광을 받고 있으나, 상기 목초액은 물에 희석시켜 그대로 엽면에 살포할 경우 매우 짧은 시간에 증발해 버림으로써 약효가 오랫동안 유지되지 못한다는 치명적인 단점 때문에 농약으로 널리 사용되지 있지는 못한 실정이다.Such wood vinegar has no harm to crops and the human body, and does not pollute the environment. Therefore, it is very popular as a pesticide ingredient for organic farming. However, the wood vinegar is evaporated in a very short time when diluted with water and sprayed on foliar as it is As a result of the fatal shortcomings that the drug is not maintained for a long time, it is not widely used as a pesticide.

이에, 본 발명에서는 종래의 농약을 대체하면서도, 종래 목초액의 단점을 해결하고자, 숯, 목초액 및 매실을 이용하여 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물을 제조하는 방법과, 이에 의하여 제조된 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물을 제공하고자 한다.Thus, in the present invention to replace the conventional pesticide, to solve the disadvantages of the conventional wood vinegar, using the charcoal, wood vinegar and plum method for producing a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement, and plant nutrition and soil improvement produced thereby To provide a composition for.

상기와 같은 목적을 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명은 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물의 제조방법 및 이에 의하여 제조되는 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물을 제공한다.In order to solve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement, and a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement produced thereby.

이하, 보다 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, it demonstrates more concretely.

본 발명의 제 1견지에 의하면, 본 발명은 소나무, 대나무 및 향나무를 포함하는 숯 원료에 소금을 얹은 후, 이를 숯가마에서 가온하여 발생되는 증기를 회수하여 조목초액을 제조하고, 이를 숙성 및 정제하여 목초액을 제조하는 제 1단계; 상기 제 1단계의 증기 회수 후, 숯가마를 더 가온하여 숯을 제조하는 제 2단계; 상기에서 제조된 숯을 분쇄하여 숯 분말을 제조하는 제 3단계; 상기 숯 분말에 목초액을 1: 10~10: 1의 중량비로 혼합하여 흡착시키는 제 4단계; 상기 목초액이 함유된 숯 분말과 물을 1: 50~100의 비율로 물과 숯 분말을 혼합하는 제 5단계; 및 상기에서 제조된 목초액 1kg 당 매실 50~150g의 비율로 목초액에 매실을 넣은 후, 숙성시키는 제 6단계;를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물의 제조방법을 제공한다.According to the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention is to put salt on the charcoal raw material including pine, bamboo and juniper, and then recover the steam generated by heating it in a charcoal kiln to prepare crude wood vinegar, and aged and purified A first step of preparing wood liquor; A second step of preparing charcoal by further heating the charcoal after the steam recovery of the first step; A third step of preparing charcoal powder by grinding the prepared charcoal; A fourth step of admixing the wood vinegar solution to the charcoal powder in a weight ratio of 1: 10 to 10: 1; A fifth step of mixing the charcoal powder and water containing the wood vinegar solution at a ratio of 1:50 to 100; It provides a method of producing a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement comprising a; and 6) step of aging after adding plum to wood vinegar at a rate of 50 ~ 150g plum per 1kg of wood vinegar prepared above.

바람직하게는, 상기 제1단계에서 목초액의 제조는, 숯가마에서 상압 또는 감압 상태에서 열분해에 의한 탄화가 일어나지 않는 온도인 80 내지 150 ℃ 에서 가온하는 것이 바람직하다. 80℃ 미만으로 가온하는 것은 수분이 많이 함유되어 있고, 150℃를 초과하는 경우에는 타르 성분이 많아지고 페놀류, 알데히드류, 알코올류 등의 유해성분의 함량이 높아지며, 목타르 냄새가 강하게 발생하고, 통상 열분해는 380℃ 이상에서 행해지는 데, 이로 인하여 타르의 발생이 많아 이를 토양개량 또는 식물영양용으로 이용하기에는 부적합하기 때문이다. 따라서, 상기와 같이 목초액의 제조시 비교적 저온에서 가열함으로써 타르의 생성을 줄이고, 향이 우수한 목초액을 제조할 수 있도록 하였다. 이와 같이 하여 제조된 목초액은 20℃ 이상에서 4개월 내지 6개월 정도 숙성하여 안정화시키고, 원심분리 또는 여과하여 정제함으로써 목초액을 제조하였다.Preferably, the preparation of the wood vinegar in the first step, it is preferable to heat at 80 to 150 ℃ the temperature at which carbonization by pyrolysis does not occur at atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure in a charcoal kiln. Heating below 80 ° C contains a lot of moisture, and when it exceeds 150 ° C, the tar component increases, the content of harmful components such as phenols, aldehydes, and alcohols increases, and a strong odor of tar is generated. Pyrolysis is performed at 380 ° C. or higher, because of this, there is a lot of tar, which is not suitable for soil improvement or plant nutrition. Therefore, as described above, the production of wood vinegar by heating at a relatively low temperature to reduce the production of tar, it was possible to produce a wood vinegar with excellent aroma. The wood vinegar prepared in this way was stabilized by aging at 4 ° C. to 6 months at 20 ° C. or higher, and purified by centrifugation or filtration to prepare wood vinegar.

더욱 바람직하게는, 상기 제 1단계의 숯 원료는 참나무, 편백나무, 측백나무, 화백나무, 올리브나무, 가문비나무, 감나무, 밤나무, 사과나무, 배나무, 복숭아나무, 포도나무, 유자나무, 귤나무, 앵두나무, 생강나무, 대추나무, 매실나무, 모과나무, 무화과나무, 살구나무, 석류나무, 은행나무, 호두나무, 사철나무, 박달나무, 비자나무, 두충나무, 느티나무, 단풍나무, 동백나무, 닥나무, 벚나무, 아카시나무, 오리나무, 전나무, 잣나무, 피나무, 삼나무, 자작나무, 팽나무, 음나무, 사시나무, 뽕나무, 산초나무, 상수리나무, 육계나무, 버들나무, 무궁화나무, 오갈피나무, 오미자나무, 물푸레나무, 두릅나무, 생강나무, 오리나무, 오동나무, 박달나무, 등나무, 칡나무, 백리향나무, 산수유나무, 녹차나무, 개나리, 진달래, 민들레, 만병초, 어성초, 볏짚, 보리짚, 갈대, 마늘, 양파, 풀, 쑥 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 녹색식물을 더 포함할 수 있다.More preferably, the charcoal raw material of the first step is oak, cypress, cypress, birches, olives, spruce, persimmon, chestnut, apple, pear, peach, vine, citron, tangerine Cherry tree, Ginger tree, Jujube tree, Plum tree, Chinese quince tree, Fig tree, Apricot tree, Pomegranate tree, Ginkgo tree, Walnut tree, Cypress tree, Birch tree, Vine tree, Cedar tree, Zelkova, Maple tree, Camellia Trees, Tak, Cherry, Akashi, Alder, Fir, Pine, Birch, Cedar, Birch, Hackberry, Birch, Aspen, Mulberry, Japanese Herb, Oak, Cinnamon, Willow, Rose of Sharon, Oak Tree, Schisandra chinensis, ash tree, elm tree, ginger tree, alder tree, paulownia tree, birch, rattan, firewood, thyme, cornus, green tea tree, forsythia, rhododendron, dandelion, rhododendron, effervescent, rice straw, barley straw, Reed, It may further include one or more green plants selected from garlic, onion, grass, wormwood.

또한, 본 발명의 제 2견지에 의하면,Furthermore, according to the second aspect of the present invention,

상기의 방법에 의하여 제조되는 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물을 제공한다. 이러한 본 발명의 조성물은 숯 분말에 목초액을 흡착시켜 사용하므로, 목초액에 함유된 다양한 식물성 유기산 등이 포함되어 있는데다, 유기산과 미네랄이 풍부한 매실을 넣어 숙성시키는 과정을 거쳐 제조됨으로써, 식물성 유기산의 함량을 높아지게 된다. 따라서 이러한 식물성 유기산에 의하여 살균 및 살충효과를 높이면서도, 식물에 필요한 각종 미네랄과 영양소를 공급할 수 있게 된다.It provides a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement prepared by the above method. Since the composition of the present invention is used by adsorbing wood vinegar to charcoal powder, it contains various vegetable organic acids, etc. contained in the wood vinegar, and is prepared through the process of aging the plums rich in organic acids and minerals, thereby increasing the content of the vegetable organic acid Will be higher. Therefore, it is possible to supply various minerals and nutrients necessary for plants while increasing the bactericidal and insecticidal effects by these vegetable organic acids.

또한, 본 발명의 조성물은 토양개량효과가 우수한 숯을 포함하여 제조됨으로써, 토양 속에 잔류하여 토양을 산성화시키는 농약성분이나 화학비료성분들을 흡착하여 산성화된 토양을 중화시킴은 물론 토양 내에 존재하는 중금속을 흡착하고 불용화하여 작물을 통해 인체 내에 축적될 수 있는 중금속의 위험성을 감소시킬 있으며, 숯 자체에서 발생하는 음이온이나 원적외선에 의하여 토양 내의 미생물을 활성화하여 토양 생태계를 복원하며, 숯에 풍부하게 존재하는 미네랄에 의하여 토양에 부족한 미네랄성분을 보충해주는 역할을 할 수 있다.In addition, the composition of the present invention is manufactured by containing charcoal having excellent soil improvement effect, so as to neutralize the acidified soil by adsorbing pesticides or chemical fertilizer components remaining in the soil to acidify the soil, as well as heavy metals present in the soil Adsorption and insolubilization reduces the risk of heavy metals that can accumulate in the human body through crops.It restores the soil ecosystem by activating microorganisms in soil by anions or far infrared rays generated from charcoal itself. Minerals can play a role in replenishing minerals deficient in the soil.

더욱이, 본 발명의 조성물은 목초액을 흡착시킨 숯분말을 이용하여 제조됨으로써 숯의 내부에 양질의 박테리아를 번식시키는데 목초액이 강력한 상승작용을 일으키고, 특히, 산도가 pH 8~9 정도인 숯가루를 산도 pH 2~3의 목초액에 흡착됨으로써, 미생물이 번식하기 용이하도록 할 수 있게 되어 토양개량 효과를 배가 시킬 수 있게 된다.Furthermore, the composition of the present invention is produced by using charcoal powder adsorbed wood vinegar solution to breed good bacteria inside the charcoal wood vinegar causes a strong synergy, in particular, the acidity of charcoal powder pH 8 ~ 9 Adsorption to wood vinegar at a pH of 2 to 3 allows the microorganisms to multiply and thereby double the soil improvement effect.

상기와 같은 본 발명에 의하면, 숯 분말이 토양 속에 잔류하여 토양을 산성화시키는 농약성분이나 화학비료성분들을 흡착하여 산성화된 토양을 중화시킴은 물론 토양 내에 존재하는 중금속을 흡착하고 불용화하여 작물을 통해 인체 내에 축적될 수 있는 중금속의 위험성을 감소시킬 수 있다. 또한, 숯 자체에서 발생하는 음이온이나 원적외선은 토양 내의 미생물을 활성화하여 토양 생태계를 복원하며, 숯에 풍부하게 존재하는 미네랄은 토양에 부족한 미네랄성분을 보충해줄 수 있다. 더욱이, 본 발명의 조성물은 산도가 pH 8~9 정도인 숯가루를 산도 pH 2~3의 목초액에 흡착시키는 과정을 거쳐 제조됨으로써 숯의 내부에 양질의 박테리아를 번식시키는데 용이하도록 할 수 있게 되어 토양개량 효과가 배가될 수 있다.According to the present invention as described above, the charcoal powder remains in the soil to absorb the pesticides or chemical fertilizers to acidify the soil to neutralize the acidified soil, as well as to adsorb and insolubilize heavy metals present in the soil through the crop It can reduce the risk of heavy metals that can accumulate in the human body. In addition, the anion or far-infrared rays generated from the char itself activates the microorganisms in the soil to restore the soil ecosystem, and minerals abundant in the char can replenish the minerals lacking in the soil. Furthermore, the composition of the present invention is prepared through the process of adsorbing charcoal powder having an acidity of pH 8-9 to wood vinegar of pH 2-3, so that it is easy to propagate good bacteria inside the char. The improvement effect can be doubled.

또한, 상기와 같은 본 발명에 의하면, 살충, 살균효과를 가지며 다양한 유기산과 미네랄을 함유하고 있는 목초액을 다공질인 숯분말에 흡착시키고 물과 혼합한 뒤, 다양한 유기산과 미네랄이 함유된 매실을 넣어 숙성시켜 제조하므로, 이를 작물에 분사하여 사용할 경우, 매실과 목초액에 함유된 식물성 유기산에 의하여, 식물에 필요한 영양을 공급하여 줄 수 있게 될 뿐만 아니라, 종래 순수한 액상의 목초액과는 달리 액상의 목초액이 고체상태인 숯분말에 흡착되어 함유된 상태이므로 작물의 엽면에 부착되더라도 쉬 증발하지 않게 되고, 잘 씻겨 내려가지도 않게 되므로 목초액의 약효가 오랜기간동안 지속될 수 있게 된다. 따라서, 본 발명의 조성물을 이용하여 원예작물을 재배할 경우, 발생하는 각종 병해충 및 박테리아, 포자, 균, 바이러스 등과 같은 미생물의 감염을 환경친화적인 방법으로 예방하고, 생장 촉진 및 수확 증대와 품질을 향상시키는 병해충방지제와 식물영양제로서의 기능이 탁월하다.In addition, according to the present invention as described above, the wood vinegar solution having a pesticidal, bactericidal effect and containing a variety of organic acids and minerals adsorbed to a porous charcoal powder and mixed with water, and then put a plum containing various organic acids and minerals and aged Since it is manufactured by injecting it into crops, it is possible to supply nutrients necessary for plants by the vegetable organic acid contained in plum and wood vinegar, and liquid wood vinegar is solid, unlike conventional pure liquid vinegar. Since it is adsorbed and contained in the state of charcoal powder, it does not evaporate easily even when attached to the foliar surface of the crop, and it does not wash off well, so the medicinal effect of wood vinegar can be maintained for a long time. Therefore, when cultivating a horticultural crop using the composition of the present invention, it prevents the infection of various pests and microorganisms such as bacteria, spores, bacteria, viruses, etc. in an environmentally friendly manner, and promotes growth and increases harvest and quality. Excellent as a pest control and plant nutrient for improving.

도 1은 본 발명의 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물의 제조공정도를 나타낸 것이다.Figure 1 shows the manufacturing process of the plant nutrition and the composition for soil improvement of the present invention.

이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 들어 상세히 설명하나, 본 발명이 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

＜실시예 1＞ 목초액의 제조<Example 1> Preparation of wood vinegar

본 실시예에서는 소나무, 대나무 및 향나무를 주재로 하고, 소금을 얹은 다음 숯가마에서 가온하여 발생되는 증기를 회수하여 조목초액을 제조한 후, 이를 숙성 및 정제하여 목초액을 제조하였다.In the present embodiment, pine, bamboo and juniper are the main ingredients, salt is added, and the steam generated by heating in a charcoal kiln is recovered to prepare crude wood vinegar, and then aged and purified to prepare wood vinegar.

이를 위하여 먼저, 채취하여 절단한 소나무, 대나무 및 향나무 약 1,000 ㎏을 준비한 후, 상기 준비된 나무들을 덮을만큼 충분히 소금을 얹어 숯가마에 넣었다.To this end, first, about 1,000 kg of pine, bamboo, and juniper, which were collected and cut, were prepared, and then placed in a charcoal kiln with enough salt to cover the prepared trees.

다음으로 약 80~150℃의 온도를 유지하도록 10시간 정도 가온하여 굴뚝에서 나오는 연기가 흰색에서 투명한 색으로 바뀌어 연기가 더이상 나오지 않게 되었을 때, 이 증기를 약 80~150℃의 온도에서 밀폐용기에 포집하여 냉각 및 응축시켰다.Next, when heated for about 10 hours to maintain the temperature of about 80 ~ 150 ℃ and the smoke from the chimney changes from white to a transparent color, the smoke is no longer coming out, the steam is stored in an airtight container at a temperature of about 80 ~ 150 ℃ Collected, cooled and condensed.

생성된 조목초액의 양은 약 27Kg 이었고, 이를 상온에서 6개월 동안 숙성하여 목초액을 얻은 다음, 원심분리 및 여과하여 정제함으로써 약 18Kg의 목초액을 수득하였다. 이 때 최종 생성된 목초액의 타르함량은 생성된 목초액의 타르 함량은 0.3 중량％이었다.The amount of crude wood vinegar produced was about 27 Kg, which was aged at room temperature for 6 months to obtain wood vinegar, followed by centrifugation and filtration to obtain about 18 Kg of wood vinegar. At this time, the tar content of the resulting wood vinegar was 0.3% by weight of tar.

＜실시예 2＞ 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물의 제조<Example 2> Preparation of Plant Nutrition and Soil Improvement Composition

본 실시예에서는, 소나무, 대나무, 향나무와 소금을 이용하여 숯과 목초액을 제조하고, 숯을 분말화한 다음, 목초액을 숯에 흡착시킨 후, 숯 분말을 물에 혼합하고, 매실을 투입하여 숙성시킴으로써 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물을 제조하였다.In this embodiment, charcoal and wood vinegar are prepared using pine, bamboo, juniper and salt, the charcoal is powdered, the wood vinegar is adsorbed on the charcoal, the charcoal powder is mixed with water, and the plum is aged to ripen. By preparing a composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement.

먼저, 상기 실시예 1에서 증기를 회수하고 난 후, 숯가마를 더 가온하여 숯을 제조하였다.First, after recovering the steam in Example 1, the charcoal was further heated to prepare a charcoal.

다음으로, 목초액의 흡착 및 물과의 혼합, 분사(噴射)를 용이하게 하기 위하여 숯을 분쇄기를 이용하여 숯을 분말화하였다. 이 때 분말의 크기는 중요치 않으나, 분사시 노즐의 직경과 목초액의 함유량을 감안하여 0.01~2mm범위 내에서 균일한 입자크기를 갖도록 분쇄하였다.Next, in order to facilitate adsorption of wood vinegar, mixing with water and spraying, charcoal was powdered using a grinder. At this time, the size of the powder is not important, but in consideration of the diameter of the nozzle and the content of the wood vinegar at the time of spraying it was ground to have a uniform particle size within the range of 0.01 ~ 2mm.

다음으로, 상기에서 분쇄된 숯 분말이 목초액을 충분하게 흡착하도록 목초액과 1: 1의 비율로 혼합하였다. 이 때, 혼합 비율은 숯 분말의 크기를 고려하여 1:10내지 10:1의 범위에서 혼합할 수 있다. 이와 같이 목초액을 흡착시킴으로써 다공질인 숯의 내부에 양질의 박테리아를 번식시키는데 목초액이 강력한 상승작용을 일으킬 수 있고, 특히, 산도가 pH 8~9 정도인 숯가루를 산도 pH 2~3의 목초액에 흡착시킴으로써, 토양개량용으로 사용할 때 미생물이 번식하기 용이하도록 할 수 있게 된다. 본 실시예에서는 상기한 바와 같이 숯을 분말화한 후 목초액을 흡착시킴으로써 그 효과를 더욱 높일 수 있도록 하였다.Next, the charcoal powder pulverized above was mixed with wood vinegar in a ratio of 1 to 1 so as to sufficiently adsorb wood vinegar. At this time, the mixing ratio may be mixed in the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 in consideration of the size of the charcoal powder. By adsorbing wood vinegar as described above, it is possible to breed high quality bacteria inside the porous charcoal, and wood vinegar can cause strong synergy. In particular, charcoal powder with acidity of pH 8 ~ 9 is adsorbed to wood vinegar with pH 2 ~ 3. By doing so, the microorganisms can be easily reproduced when used for soil improvement. In this embodiment, after the charcoal was powdered as described above, the effect was further enhanced by adsorbing wood vinegar solution.

다음으로, 상기 목초액을 흡착시킨 숯 분말을 물에 넣고 다시 혼합하였다. 이 때 물과 숯 분말 배합은 100 : 1 ~ 50 : 1의 비율이 적당한 데, 이는 개량할 토양의 산성화 정도나, 중금속 오염정도, 토양의 수분함유도 등과, 식물의 영양상태 등을 고려하여 결정할 수 있다.Next, the charcoal powder to which the wood vinegar solution was adsorbed was put in water and mixed again. At this time, the ratio of water and charcoal powder is suitable in the ratio of 100: 1 to 50: 1, which is determined by considering the degree of acidification of soil to be improved, the degree of heavy metal contamination, soil moisture content, and the nutritional status of plants. Can be.

다음으로, 상기에서 제조된 혼합액 1kg 당 매실 50~150g의 비율로 혼합액에 매실을 넣은 후, 약 6개월간 숙성시켜 본 발명의 식물영양 및 토양개량용 조성물을 완성하였다.Next, after putting the plum in the mixture at a ratio of 50 ~ 150g plum per 1kg of the mixed solution prepared above, aged for about 6 months to complete the composition for plant nutrition and soil improvement of the present invention.

이러한 매실은 그 성분의 85％는 수분, 나머지 10％는 당분, 5％는 유기산이고, 유기산 중에서도 시트르산(구연산)의 함량이 다른 과일에 비해 월등히 많아 섭취한 음식을 에너지로 바꾸는 대사작용을 돕고 근육에 쌓인 젖산을 분해해 피로를 풀어주며, 칼슘의 흡수를 촉진하는 역할도 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 매실의 자극적인 향을 내는 피루브산은 간의 해독작용을 도와주고, 또 다른 성분인 카테킨산은 장 속의 유해세균 번식을 억제해 염증을 예방하며, 같은 무게의 사과보다 칼슘이 4배, 철분이 6배, 마그네슘은 7배, 아연은 5배 이상 많이 들어 있는 것으로 보고 되어 있다. 다만, 매실을 날 것으로 먹으면 '아미그달린'이라는 독성 물질 때문에 많이 먹으면 유독 성분의 '청산'으로 분해돼 중독을 일으키는 수가 있는데, 매실주 등 음식이나 약재로 가공하면 청산 성분은 대부분 없어지는 것으로 알려져 있다.These plums contain 85% water, 10% sugar, and 5% organic acid, and the amount of citric acid (citric acid) in organic acids is much higher than other fruits to help metabolize foods into energy It is known to decompose the lactic acid accumulated in the body to relieve fatigue and promote calcium absorption. In addition, pyruvate, which has a pungent scent of plum, helps the liver detoxify, and another component, catechin acid, inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine and prevents inflammation. It is 4 times more calcium and 6 times more iron than apples of the same weight. It is reported that pear, magnesium is 7 times and zinc is 5 times or more. However, if you eat raw plums because of the toxic substance called 'Amigdalin', if you eat a lot, it may be decomposed into 'cyanide' of poisonous ingredients, causing poisoning.

이에, 본 발명에 있어서도, 상기와 같이 각종 유기산과 미네랄이 풍부한 매실을 혼합액에 넣은 후 6개월 정도 숙성시킴으로써 매실의 독성분을 제거하고, 숙성에 의하여 유기산과 미네랄을 증가시킬 수 있도록 하였다.Thus, in the present invention, by adding a variety of plums rich in organic acids and minerals as described above, by aging for about 6 months to remove the toxic components of the plums, it was possible to increase the organic acids and minerals by aging.

이로써, 본 실시예에 의하여 제조된 상기 조성물은 식물의 영양에 필수적인 각종 미네랄과 유기산을 풍부하게 공급할 수 있어 토양개량뿐만 아니라, 식물영양제로 그 효능을 충분히 발휘할 수 있도록 하였다.Thus, the composition prepared according to the present embodiment can supply abundantly various minerals and organic acids essential for the nutrition of the plant, so that not only the soil improvement but also the plant nutritional agent can fully exhibit its efficacy.

본 발명은 기재된 구체적인 예에 대하여만 상세히 설명되었지만 본 발명의 기술사상범위 내에서 다양한 변형 및 수정이 가능함은 당업자에게 있어서 명백한 것이며, 이러한 변형 및 수정이 첨부된 특허청구범위에 속함은 당연한 것이다.Although the invention has been described in detail only with respect to the specific examples described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations are possible within the spirit of the invention, and such modifications and variations belong to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

소나무, 대나무 및 향나무를 포함하는 숯 원료에 소금을 얹은 후, 이를 숯가마에서 가온하여 발생되는 증기를 회수하여 조목초액을 제조하고, 이를 숙성 및 정제하여 목초액을 제조하는 제 1단계;
상기 제 1단계의 증기 회수 후, 숯가마를 더 가온하여 숯을 제조하는 제 2단계;
상기에서 제조된 숯을 분쇄하여 숯 분말을 제조하는 제 3단계;
상기 숯 분말에 목초액을 1: 10~10: 1의 중량비로 혼합하여 흡착시키는 제 4단계;
상기 목초액이 함유된 숯 분말과 물을 1 : 50~100의 비율로 물과 숯 분말을 혼합하는 제 5단계; 및
상기에서 제조된 혼합액 1kg 당 매실 50~150g의 비율로 목초액에 매실을 넣은 후, 숙성시키는 제 6단계;를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 병충해 및 미생물 방제용 조성물의 제조방법.Salting the charcoal raw material including pine, bamboo and juniper, and recovering the steam generated by heating it in a charcoal kiln to prepare crude wood vinegar, and aging and refining it to prepare wood vinegar;
A second step of preparing charcoal by further heating the charcoal after the steam recovery of the first step;
A third step of preparing charcoal powder by grinding the prepared charcoal;
A fourth step of admixing the wood vinegar solution to the charcoal powder in a weight ratio of 1: 10 to 10: 1;
A fifth step of mixing the charcoal powder and water containing the wood vinegar solution at a ratio of 1:50 to 100; And
The method of preparing a composition for controlling pests and microorganisms, characterized in that it comprises a; step 6 to aging after adding plum to wood vinegar at a ratio of 50 ~ 150g plum per 1kg of the mixed solution prepared above. 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제1단계에서 목초액의 제조는, 숯가마에서 열분해에 의한 탄화가 일어나지 않도록 80 내지 150℃에서 가온하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method of claim 1,
The preparation of wood vinegar in the first step, characterized in that for heating at 80 to 150 ℃ so that carbonization by pyrolysis in a charcoal kiln does not occur. 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1단계의 숯 원료는 매실나무, 모과나무, 살구나무, 은행나무, 호두나무, 두충나무, 동백나무, 뽕나무, 오갈피나무, 두릅나무 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 녹색식물을 더 포함함을 특징으로 하는 병충해 및 미생물 방제용 조성물의 제조방법.The method of claim 1,
Charcoal raw material of the first step is characterized in that it further comprises one or more green plants selected from plum, Chinese quince, apricot, ginkgo, walnut, cedar, camellia, mulberry, ogalpi, elm Method for producing a composition for controlling pests and microorganisms. 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항의 방법에 의하여 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 병충해 및 미생물 방제용 조성물.A composition for controlling pests and microorganisms, which is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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