CN107347546B - The cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden - Google Patents
The cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden Download PDFInfo
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- CN107347546B CN107347546B CN201710392256.5A CN201710392256A CN107347546B CN 107347546 B CN107347546 B CN 107347546B CN 201710392256 A CN201710392256 A CN 201710392256A CN 107347546 B CN107347546 B CN 107347546B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Abstract
The present invention relates to peach planting technology field, discloses a kind of cultural method of peach in continuous cropping peach garden, comprises the following steps:(1)The peach garden for removing old peach is cleared up, the root system of residual is removed totally, field is subjected to deep layer sterilization, and nutrient is supplemented, appropriate micro- fertilizer is applied, reaches the purpose to the further reparation in peach garden, peach garden iron, manganese, the Zn content of continuous cropping fall sharply, it is necessary to timely supplement;(2)Sapling is soaked before transplanting by soak, and the effect of immersion has sterilization pest-resistant, prevents the erosion of field residual germ and external insect pest for sapling, the also supply supplemented with nutrient;(3)After peach seedling transplant survival, top dressing is carried out in time, make sapling that nutrition to be used as to the growth of stem before florescence is entered, the use of alkali solution of beet sprinkling blade face is to improve the drought-resistant ability of peach and photosynthesis, increase chlorophyll content, into bud stage, dredge and go substantial amounts of flower to improve the yield after peach adult.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to peach planting technology field, and in particular to the cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden.
Background technology
Peach grows in China's cultivation history, and distributed areas are wide, wherein with Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Shaanxi, mountain
The cultivation of the ground such as west, Gansu, Henan is more.Peach has the advantages that precocity fruiting, early high yield, early income in cultivation.Peach Drought hardiness is strong,
Level land, mountain region, sand ground can cultivate, and manageability, easily obtain high yield.Therefore, peach cultivation is more universal.China peach has abundant
Natural resources and cultivation experience.In terms of cultivation technique, many lands of high and stable yield are successively created, some manage preferable peach
Garden can stablize the level for keeping per mu yield at 2500 kilograms or so.At present, China peach accounts for more important status in cultivation of fruit tree.It is raw
It is improper due to the measure such as transplanting, managing during production, there is result evening, poor quality, sell fruit difficulty phenomenon.The life-span of peach is not
It is long, so the resting bud life-span is also shorter, sprout that the ability of renewal is also weaker, and its sprouting ability can only typically maintain 1-2, in weight
In the case of cutting stimulation, the resting bud in more than 10 years can also be sprouted.So the easy aging of peach, renewal is also relatively difficult, due to soil
The reasons such as the deterioration of earth, the poisonous secretion of peach root and insect pest infection, the growth of continuous cropping peach and harvest situation pole
Difference, the present mode of formation is that peach plant should avoid continuous cropping peach garden, causes the significant wastage of soil resource.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the problem of existing, there is provided the cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden, is solved
The drawbacks of existing continuous cropping peach garden plantation, improve the utilization rate of land resource.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The cultural method of peach, comprises the following steps in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden:
(1)After old peach is cut down, the peach coring remained in soil is thoroughly removed, garden soil is ploughed deeply into 60-70
Centimetre, the liquor potassic permanganate that quick lime and mass concentration are 0.02-0.03% is applied to bottom is turned over, is irrigated to turning over bottom
Infiltration, applies biogas residue after being exposed to the sun 2-3 days, is covered using soil is ploughed deeply, apply micro- fertilizer, carefully harrowed, micro- fertile every mu of dosage used
Comprising:3-5 kilograms of ferrous sulfate, 2-3 kilograms of manganese sulfate, 1-1.5 kilograms of zinc carbonate, 1-2 kilograms of boric acid;
(2)20 days before peach transplantation of seedlings is carried out, to thousand grams/acre of peach garden Nitrogen Top Dressing 50-60,20-25 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer/
Mu, thousand grams/acre of potash fertilizer 15-18, small water is irrigated after 6-8 hours of applying fertilizer, and before plantation, sapling is together put into immersion together with transplanting soil
2-3 hours are soaked in liquid, the soak used contains following component according to mass fraction meter:Sodium hypochlorite accounts for 0.5-0.6%, two
Symclosene sodium accounts for 0.2-0.3%, myristyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride accounts for 0.1-0.2%, four water-calcium nitrate accounts for 0.06-
0.08%th, potassium nitrate accounts for 0.05-0.06%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 0.04-0.06%, epsom salt accounts for 0.03-0.05%, residue
For water;
(3)After peach transplantation of seedlings 40-60 days, top dressing is carried out using ring-type byfurrow method, dosage is every plant 1.2-1.5 kilograms,
Covered after fertilising using sandy soil, treat that peach seedling entered before the florescence 15-20 days, concentration is 400-500ppm alkali solution of beet
Blade face is sprayed, is used continuously 2-3 times, every minor tick 4-5 days, sapling enters bud stage, dredges the flower for removing 40-50%, and the coming year is carried out
Normal flower and fruit thinning.
As further improvement of these options, step(1)Middle quick lime dosage is thousand grams/acre of 40-50, potassium permanganate
Solution usage is thousand grams/acre of 80-90, and biogas residue dosage is thousand grams/acre of 180-200.
As further improvement of these options, step(2)Sapling after middle immersion will dry in the shade to root by nature
Water content is that 50-60% side can be transplanted, and in transplanting, the hole that depth is 40-50 centimetres is first dug out in peach garden, by the soil dug out point
Reactor startup is put, and the 20-30% of table soil is inserted into hole bottom, is put into seedling, inserts cubsoil and table soil successively.
As further improvement of these options, step(3)The fertilizer that middle top dressing uses obtains after everfermentation,
The fertilizer is made up of following component in parts by weight:Zeolite 40-45 parts, peat 55-65 parts, bog soil 60-65 parts, humus
75-85 parts, culture medium of edible fungus bacteria residue 80-90 parts, biogas slurry 90-100 parts.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art:In order to solve the drawbacks of existing continuous cropping peach garden plantation, improve
The utilization rate of land resource, the invention provides a kind of cultural method of peach in continuous cropping peach garden, comprises the following steps:(1)
The peach garden for removing old peach is cleared up, the root system of residual is removed totally, field is subjected to deep layer sterilization, and supplement
Nutrient, appropriate micro- fertilizer is applied, reach the purpose to the further reparation in peach garden, peach garden iron, manganese, the Zn content of continuous cropping fall sharply, and need
Timely to supplement;(2)Before peach transplantation of seedlings, native table nutrient is supplemented using azophoska, sapling is rapidly adapted to new environment, set
Seedling will pass through soak before transplanting and soak, and the effect of immersion has sterilization pest-resistant, prevents field residual germ and external insect pest pair
In the erosion of sapling, the also supply supplemented with nutrient in transplanting soil;(3)After peach seedling transplant survival, top dressing is carried out in time, makes tree
Nutrition is used as the growth of stem by seedling before florescence is entered, and it is to improve the drought resisting of peach to spray blade face using alkali solution of beet
Ability and photosynthesis, increase chlorophyll content, into bud stage, dredge after going substantial amounts of flower to improve peach adult
Yield.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The cultural method of peach, comprises the following steps in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden:
(1)After old peach is cut down, the peach coring remained in soil is thoroughly removed, garden soil is ploughed deeply 60 lis
Rice, to the liquor potassic permanganate that bottom applies quick lime and mass concentration is 0.02% is turned over, irrigate to bottom infiltration is turned over, cruelly
Biogas residue is applied after shining 2 days, is covered using soil is ploughed deeply, is applied micro- fertilizer, carefully harrowed, micro- fertile every mu of dosage used includes:Sulfuric acid
Ferrous 3 kilograms, 2 kilograms of manganese sulfate, 1 kilogram of zinc carbonate, 1 kilogram of boric acid;
(2)20 days before peach transplantation of seedlings is carried out, to 50,000 grams/acre of peach garden Nitrogen Top Dressing, 20 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 15,000
Gram, small water is irrigated after applying fertilizer 6 hours, before plantation, sapling is together put into soak together with transplanting soil and soaked 2 hours, is used
Soak contain following component according to mass fraction meter:Sodium hypochlorite accounts for 0.5%, sodium dichloro cyanurate and accounts for the 0.2%, tetradecane
Base dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride account for 0.1%, four water-calcium nitrate account for 0.06%, potassium nitrate account for 0.05%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate account for 0.04%,
Epsom salt accounts for 0.03%, remaining as water;
(3)After peach transplantation of seedlings 40 days, top dressing is carried out using ring-type byfurrow method, dosage is 1.2 kilograms every plant, is made after fertilising
Covered with sandy soil, treat that peach seedling entered before the florescence 15 days, concentration is that 400ppm alkali solution of beet sprays blade face, is continuously made
With 2 times, per minor tick 4 days, sapling entered bud stage, dredge go 40% flower, the normal flower and fruit thinning of coming year progress.
As further improvement of these options, step(1)Middle quick lime dosage is 40,000 grams/acre, and potassium permanganate is molten
Liquid dosage is 80,000 grams/acre, and biogas residue dosage is 180,000 grams/acre.
As further improvement of these options, step(2)Sapling after middle immersion will dry in the shade to root by nature
Water content is that 50% side can be transplanted, and in transplanting, depth is first dug out in peach garden as 40 centimetres of hole, the native pile up separately that will be dug out,
Hole bottom is inserted by the 20% of table soil, is put into seedling, inserts cubsoil and table soil successively.
As further improvement of these options, step(3)The fertilizer that middle top dressing uses is obtained after everfermentation
, the fertilizer is made up of following component in parts by weight:40 parts of zeolite, 55 parts of peat, 60 parts of bog soil, 75 parts of humus,
80 parts of culture medium of edible fungus bacteria residue, 90 parts of biogas slurry.
Embodiment 2
The cultural method of peach, comprises the following steps in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden:
(1)After old peach is cut down, the peach coring remained in soil is thoroughly removed, garden soil is ploughed deeply 65 lis
Rice, to the liquor potassic permanganate that bottom applies quick lime and mass concentration is 0.025% is turned over, irrigate to bottom infiltration is turned over, cruelly
Biogas residue is applied after shining 2 days, is covered using soil is ploughed deeply, is applied micro- fertilizer, carefully harrowed, micro- fertile every mu of dosage used includes:Sulfuric acid
Ferrous 4 kilograms, 2.5 kilograms of manganese sulfate, 1.2 kilograms of zinc carbonate, 1.5 kilograms of boric acid;
(2)20 days before peach transplantation of seedlings is carried out, to 55,000 grams/acre of peach garden Nitrogen Top Dressing, 23 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 16,000
Gram, small water is irrigated after applying fertilizer 7 hours, before plantation, sapling is together put into soak together with transplanting soil and soaked 2.5 hours, is made
Soak contains following component according to mass fraction meter:Sodium hypochlorite accounts for 0.55%, sodium dichloro cyanurate and accounts for 0.25%, ten
Tetraalkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, which accounts for 0.15%, four water-calcium nitrate and accounts for 0.07%, potassium nitrate and account for 0.055%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, to be accounted for
0.05%th, epsom salt accounts for 0.04%, remaining as water;
(3)After peach transplantation of seedlings 50 days, top dressing is carried out using ring-type byfurrow method, dosage is 1.3 kilograms every plant, is made after fertilising
Covered with sandy soil, treat that peach seedling entered before the florescence 17 days, concentration is that 450ppm alkali solution of beet sprays blade face, is continuously made
With 2 times, per minor tick 4 days, sapling entered bud stage, dredge go 45% flower, the normal flower and fruit thinning of coming year progress.
As further improvement of these options, step(1)Middle quick lime dosage is 45,000 grams/acre, and potassium permanganate is molten
Liquid dosage is 85,000 grams/acre, and biogas residue dosage is 190,000 grams/acre.
As further improvement of these options, step(2)Sapling after middle immersion will dry in the shade to root by nature
Water content is that 55% side can be transplanted, and in transplanting, depth is first dug out in peach garden as 45 centimetres of hole, the native pile up separately that will be dug out,
Hole bottom is inserted by the 25% of table soil, is put into seedling, inserts cubsoil and table soil successively.
As further improvement of these options, step(3)The fertilizer that middle top dressing uses obtains after everfermentation,
The fertilizer is made up of following component in parts by weight:It is 43 parts of zeolite, 60 parts of peat, 62 parts of bog soil, 80 parts of humus, edible
85 parts of bacterium culture medium bacteria residue, 95 parts of biogas slurry.
Embodiment 3
The cultural method of peach, comprises the following steps in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden:
(1)After old peach is cut down, the peach coring remained in soil is thoroughly removed, garden soil is ploughed deeply 70 lis
Rice, to the liquor potassic permanganate that bottom applies quick lime and mass concentration is 0.03% is turned over, irrigate to bottom infiltration is turned over, cruelly
Biogas residue is applied after shining 3 days, is covered using soil is ploughed deeply, is applied micro- fertilizer, carefully harrowed, micro- fertile every mu of dosage used includes:Sulfuric acid
Ferrous 5 kilograms, 3 kilograms of manganese sulfate, 1.5 kilograms of zinc carbonate, 2 kilograms of boric acid;
(2)20 days before peach transplantation of seedlings is carried out, to 60,000 grams/acre of peach garden Nitrogen Top Dressing, 25 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 18,000
Gram, small water is irrigated after applying fertilizer 8 hours, before plantation, sapling is together put into soak together with transplanting soil and soaked 3 hours, is used
Soak contain following component according to mass fraction meter:Sodium hypochlorite accounts for 0.6%, sodium dichloro cyanurate and accounts for the 0.3%, tetradecane
Base dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride account for 0.2%, four water-calcium nitrate account for 0.08%, potassium nitrate account for 0.06%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate account for 0.06%,
Epsom salt accounts for 0.05%, remaining as water;
(3)After peach transplantation of seedlings 60 days, top dressing is carried out using ring-type byfurrow method, dosage is 1.5 kilograms every plant, is made after fertilising
Covered with sandy soil, treat that peach seedling entered before the florescence 20 days, concentration is that 500ppm alkali solution of beet sprays blade face, is continuously made
With 3 times, per minor tick 5 days, sapling entered bud stage, dredge go 50% flower, the normal flower and fruit thinning of coming year progress.
As further improvement of these options, step(1)Middle quick lime dosage is 50,000 grams/acre, and potassium permanganate is molten
Liquid dosage is 90,000 grams/acre, and biogas residue dosage is 200,000 grams/acre.
As further improvement of these options, step(2)Sapling after middle immersion will dry in the shade to root by nature
Water content is that 60% side can be transplanted, and in transplanting, depth is first dug out in peach garden as 50 centimetres of hole, the native pile up separately that will be dug out,
Hole bottom is inserted by the 30% of table soil, is put into seedling, inserts cubsoil and table soil successively.
As further improvement of these options, step(3)The fertilizer that middle top dressing uses obtains after everfermentation,
The fertilizer is made up of following component in parts by weight:It is 45 parts of zeolite, 65 parts of peat, 65 parts of bog soil, 85 parts of humus, edible
90 parts of bacterium culture medium bacteria residue, 100 parts of biogas slurry.
Contrast test
Method using embodiment 1-3 and existing method respectively(As a control group)New peach is planted in continuous cropping peach garden
Tree, experiment peach garden used are the peach seedling in the peach garden of continuous cropping 5 years, 50 same breeds of every group of plantation and nursery lot supply, are protected
It is consistent to hold irrelevant variable, carries out Cultivate administration, while with the peach of new stubble orchard planting as a comparison case, the peach that comparative example uses
Sapling is identical with embodiment and control group, local identical, the plantation observation 3-5 of Cultivate administration method and the not prominent explanation of the above
Year, result quantities and outcome quality are counted, plantation result recorded as shown in the table:
By it was found that:The deterioration of soil that occurs instant invention overcomes continuous cropping plantation peach, peach root it is poisonous
Secretion and insect pest infect etc. that peach growth is bad caused by reason, and yield declines, the problems such as deterioration, the growth of peach
It is vigorous, do not influenceed by continuous cropping, improve the utilization rate of land resource.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)After old peach is cut down, the peach coring remained in soil is thoroughly removed, garden soil is ploughed deeply 60-70 centimetres,
To the liquor potassic permanganate that bottom applies quick lime and mass concentration is 0.02-0.03% is turned over, irrigation is seeped water to bottom is turned over,
Biogas residue is applied after being exposed to the sun 2-3 days, is covered using soil is ploughed deeply, micro- fertilizer is applied, is carefully harrowed, micro- fertile every mu of dosage used includes:
3-5 kilograms of ferrous sulfate, 2-3 kilograms of manganese sulfate, 1-1.5 kilograms of zinc carbonate, 1-2 kilograms of boric acid;
(2)20 days before peach transplantation of seedlings is carried out, to thousand grams/acre of peach garden Nitrogen Top Dressing 50-60, thousand grams/acre of phosphate fertilizer 20-25, potassium
Fertile thousand grams/acre of 15-18, small water is irrigated after 6-8 hours of applying fertilizer, and before plantation, sapling is together put into soak together with transplanting soil
2-3 hours are soaked, the soak used contains following component according to mass fraction meter:It is different that sodium hypochlorite accounts for 0.5-0.6%, dichloro
NaDCC accounts for 0.2-0.3%, myristyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride accounts for 0.1-0.2%, four water-calcium nitrate accounts for 0.06-0.08%,
Potassium nitrate accounts for 0.05-0.06%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 0.04-0.06%, epsom salt accounts for 0.03-0.05%, remaining as water;
(3)After peach transplantation of seedlings 40-60 days, top dressing is carried out using ring-type byfurrow method, dosage is every plant 1.2-1.5 kilograms, fertilising
Covered afterwards using sandy soil, treat that peach seedling entered before the florescence 15-20 days, concentration is that 400-500ppm alkali solution of beet sprays
Blade face, it is used continuously 2-3 times, every minor tick 4-5 days, sapling enters bud stage, dredges the flower for removing 40-50%, and the coming year carries out normal
Flower and fruit thinning.
2. the cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step(1)Middle quick lime
Dosage is thousand grams/acre of 40-50, and liquor potassic permanganate dosage is thousand grams/acre of 80-90, and biogas residue dosage is thousand grams/acre of 180-200.
3. the cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step(2)After middle immersion
Sapling to be dried in the shade by nature to root water content be that 50-60% side can be transplanted, in transplanting, first dig out depth in peach garden and be
40-50 centimetres of hole, the native pile up separately that will be dug out, the 20-30% of table soil is inserted into hole bottom, seedling is put into, inserts cubsoil successively
With table soil.
4. the cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step(3)Middle top dressing makes
Fertilizer obtains after everfermentation, and the fertilizer is made up of following component in parts by weight:Zeolite 40-45 parts, peat
55-65 parts, bog soil 60-65 parts, humus 75-85 parts, culture medium of edible fungus bacteria residue 80-90 parts, biogas slurry 90-100 parts.
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CN108450224A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-28 | 商丘职业技术学院 | A kind of breeding method of peach |
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