CN112673876A - Method for rapidly forming young tea tree garden - Google Patents
Method for rapidly forming young tea tree garden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112673876A CN112673876A CN202011601101.6A CN202011601101A CN112673876A CN 112673876 A CN112673876 A CN 112673876A CN 202011601101 A CN202011601101 A CN 202011601101A CN 112673876 A CN112673876 A CN 112673876A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tea
- spraying
- young
- tea trees
- tree
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention provides a method for quickly forming a garden on young tea trees, which comprises the following steps: transplanting young tea trees 12-2 months in the last year, shaping and trimming the tea trees for the first time after transplanting, and cutting off the ground by 15-20 cm; spraying a leaf fertilizer when the tea tree sprouts germinate to 1-20mm, and topping the tea tree young shoots after the tea tree young shoots grow to 15-30 cm; fertilizing the roots of the tea trees from the end of 10 months to the beginning of 12 months, and topdressing the urea at the roots of the tea trees 5-20 days before spraying the foliar fertilizer; carrying out second shaping pruning on the tea trees in spring of the second year, wherein the pruning height is increased by 18-20cm from the first pruning port, and the main branches are subtracted; in the third year, performing light pruning when the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 15-25 cm; the tree width of the tea tree is more than 1.2m after three years. By the method, a specific culture medium is not needed, the tea tree canopy surface is cultured for three years, the width can reach more than 1.2m, and the tea yield and quality are higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree planting and particularly relates to a method for quickly forming a garden on young tea trees.
Background
The tea tree can become a conventional production tea garden only by carrying out tea garden nutrient management, tree form pruning, field impurity removal and pest control in 3-5 years from the tea seedling field planting. The traditional young tea garden has the defects that the soil nutrient loss is serious due to unreasonable cultivation mode, in addition, the young tea plant is in the root system development period after field planting, the nutrient absorption and utilization rate of the tea plant is low, the tea plant grows slowly, in addition, the nutrient competition between field weeds and the tea plant in the period often occurs, the phenomena that the weeds grow excessively, the tea seedlings are not long and even die occur, and the burden of tea farmers and tea enterprises is greatly increased.
At present, the method for quickly forming the garden of the tea tree is researched by predecessors, for example, Chinese patent publication CN201811528141.5 discloses a method for quickly forming the garden of the tea tree, the method adopts a mode of water-fertilizer integration and drip irrigation, at present, more areas are used, a method of fertilizer dripping roots is adopted to accelerate the growth of the tea tree, although a certain effect is achieved, the nutrient utilization rate of young tea trees is still low before the canopy surface of the tea tree is not unfolded (namely the tree body of the tea tree is not completely stretched), most of water-soluble fertilizer can be absorbed and utilized by weeds, and the problems of excessive growth of the weeds and high weeding cost are caused; chinese patent publication CN201310286001.2 discloses a method for quickly forming a golden bud tea garden, which adopts a tea tree grafting method, but the tea tree grafting has high requirements on the operation of workers, and has strict requirements on the climate environment during the grafting period, not all tea areas can be used, and the grafting survival rate is not as high as that of conventional planting management, and the quality of the produced tea leaves is different from that of the mother ears. In addition, the grafting of tea trees firstly requires that the land has an old tea garden and meets the grafting conditions, and the method is not suitable for application because no parent tree of the tea trees exists in a newly-opened tea garden; chinese patent publication No. CN201910688666.3 discloses a method for quickly growing tea seedlings and application thereof in quick planting in gardens, wherein a substrate layering method is adopted to promote the growth speed of the tea seedlings, and in the period, gibberellin-containing foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the tea seedlings to accelerate the growth of the tea seedlings and promote the tea trees to quickly grow in gardens.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for rapidly forming a garden of young tea trees, by which the growth rate of young tea trees can be increased, the formation time of a canopy can be shortened, and the width of the tea trees can be 1.2m or more.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for quickly forming a garden on young tea trees comprises the following steps:
s1: transplanting young tea trees from 12 months to 2 months in the next year, carrying out primary shaping and pruning on the tea trees after transplanting, and cutting off 15-20cm away from the ground;
s2: after the tea trees are transplanted to survive, spraying leaf fertilizer when the bud heads of the tea trees germinate to be 1-20mm, and topping the young shoots of the tea trees after the young shoots of the tea trees grow to be 15-30 cm; wherein the foliar fertilizer is an aqueous solution containing GA3 and Tween-20, wherein the concentration of GA3 is 60-150 mu mol/L, and the content of Tween-20 is 0.5-2.0 per mill of the total mass of the aqueous solution.
S3: fertilizing the roots of the tea trees, uniformly applying 100-plus-300 kg of rapeseed cakes or 500-plus-1000 kg of farmyard manure in the ditch together with urea and other fertilizers by using a base fertilizer, and covering soil after applying the base fertilizer for 10 months to 12 months;
s4: topdressing the urea at the root of the tea tree, wherein the topdressing time is 5-20 days before the foliar fertilizer is sprayed;
s5: carrying out second shaping pruning on the tea trees in spring of the second year, wherein the pruning height is increased by 18-20cm from the first pruning hole to subtract the main branch, and other measures are the same as the first year;
s6, trimming the crown of the tea tree slightly when the young tea tree grows to 15-25cm in the third year;
s7: the tree breadth of the tea tree reaches more than 1.2m after 3 years, the leaf area index reaches more than 2.8, and the crown standard of the mature tea tree is met.
Further, the foliar fertilizer also comprises ammonium sulfate and urea, wherein the mass concentrations of the ammonium sulfate and the urea are respectively 1.5-2.0% and 0.4-0.6%.
Further, in the step S2, spraying treatment is performed when the sprouts germinate to 10-15 mm.
Further, in the step S2, foliar fertilizer is sprayed in three periods, which are: spraying in the first period: when the spring tea bud leaves germinate to be 1-20 mm; spraying in the second stage: when the summer tea bud leaves germinate to 1-20 mm; spraying in the third period: and (5) growing the autumn tea.
Further, the spraying time in the first period is from 2 to 3 in the middle of the month; the spraying time in the second period is from 4 to 5 in the last ten days of the month; the spraying time in the third period is 9 to 10 in the middle of the month.
Further, when spraying is carried out in each period, spraying treatment is carried out again on the 2 th to 15 th days after the first spraying, and spraying is repeated for 2 to 3 times in each period.
Further, in the step S4, the top dressing of the roots is performed three times, and the urea top dressing amount is 4.5-5.5 kg, 3.5-4.0 kg and 3.5-4.0 kg per mu respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the young tea trees are cultured for three years by directionally culturing the young tea trees after being transplanted and survived, spraying foliar fertilizer with specific concentration and specific dosage to the tea trees in a specific period and combining a reasonable pruning mode and a cultivation mode, so that the width of the canopy surface of the tea trees can reach more than 1.2m, and the germination density can reach 80-120 pieces/0.1 m2The leaf area index reaches more than 2.8, and meets the crown standard of mature tea trees; in addition, the tea garden processed by the method has the advantages that the tea yield is improved by 40-60 percent compared with the tea garden processed by the conventional method, the tea quality is better, and the tea leaves in the tea garden are betterThe content of free amino acid is 20-30% higher than that of tea processed by conventional method.
The leaf fertilizer of the invention adopts GA3 aqueous solution to be mixed with Tween-20, and the Tween-20 can promote GA of tea3Thereby promoting the germination density and the germination time of the tea leaves in the same period, effectively improving the yield of the tea trees, and GA3Can induce the transcription level of ERF11 (the transcription factor has strong interaction with the promoter of the theanine synthetase gene) in the gibberellin signal transduction pathway to be increased, promote the expression of the theanine synthetase gene, increase the content of theanine in tea leaves and further increase the content of free amino acid in fresh tea leaves; meanwhile, the application of the foliar fertilizer can promote the enhancement of nitrogen metabolism of tea trees to improve the content of amino acid in tea leaves, and based on the theory of carbon-nitrogen circulation, the nitrogen metabolism is enhanced, the carbon metabolism is inhibited, the content of polyphenol in the tea leaves is reduced, the bitter taste of the tea leaves is reduced, and the quality of the tea leaves is improved.
In the spraying treatment process of the invention, ammonium sulfate with the mass concentration of 1.5-2.0% and urea with the mass concentration of 0.4-0.6% can be added into the foliar fertilizer to provide elements required for the growth of tea tree leaf buds, so that the tea trees can absorb and utilize nutrient elements more efficiently, thereby further accelerating the growth speed of the tea tree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the young shoot lengths of tea trees with those of control tea trees at 0, 5, 10 and 15 days after the first stage treatment of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the total free amino acid content of tea leaves of Camellia sinensis of example 1 at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days after the first stage treatment with that of control tea leaves.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1
A method for quickly forming a garden on young tea trees comprises the following steps:
s1: transplanting young tea trees (1-2-year-old tea trees) in 12 months in the last year to 2 months in the next year, selecting a double-row double-plant or single-row double-plant planting mode, shaping and pruning tea seedlings after transplanting, and cutting off the ground by about 15-20 cm;
s2: after the tea trees are transplanted and survive, spraying foliar fertilizer in the first period when the bud heads of the tea trees germinate to 1-20mm and the germination ratio of the bud heads is 20-50% in the middle ten days of 2-3 months, wherein the foliar fertilizer contains GA3And Tween-20 in aqueous solution, foliar fertilizer, GA3The concentration is 60-150 mu mol/L, and the content of Tween-20 is 0.5-2.0 per mill; spraying again 2-15 days after spraying, wherein the spraying solution and the concentration are the same as those of the first spraying solution; spraying the second stage when the summer tea sprout leaves germinate 1-20mm in late 4-5 th of the month, wherein the dosage and the concentration of the spraying solution in the second stage are the same as those of the spraying solution in the first stage, and spraying the spraying solution again 2-15 days after the first spraying in the second stage; spraying the solution in the third period from 9 to 10 in the middle of the month and in the autumn tea growth period, wherein the solution is sprayed again 2 to 15 days after the first spraying in the third period, and the dosage and the concentration of the solution sprayed in each time in the third period are the same as those in the first period and the second period; spraying for 2-3 times in each period, wherein the spraying amount in each period is 20-80L/mu. After the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the growth speed of the young tea tree shoots is obviously accelerated, and when the young tea tree shoots grow to 15-30cm, topping treatment is carried out on the young tea tree shoots, wherein the specific treatment method comprises the following steps: after the tea trees are transplanted and survive, spraying foliar fertilizer in the first stage when the bud heads of the tea trees germinate to 1-20mm and the bud head germination ratio is 20-50% about 2 ten days, after spraying the foliar fertilizer, obviously accelerating the growth speed of the young shoots of the tea trees, topping the young shoots of the tea trees after the spraying in the first stage is finished until the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 15-30cm, topping the young shoots of the tea trees in the later stage until the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 15-30cm, and spraying the young shoots of the tea trees until the young shoots of the tea trees grow to the second stage, wherein the young shoots of the tea trees are sprouted inSpraying at the second stage when the tea tree young shoots grow to 15-30cm when the tea tree young shoots grow to 1-20mm, then topping, spraying at the third stage when the tea tree young shoots grow to 15-30cm, and after spraying, topping once when the tea tree young shoots grow to 15-30 cm;
s3: fertilizing the root of the tea tree: uniformly applying 100-300kg of rapeseed cakes or 500-1000kg of farmyard manure with urea and other fertilizers into the ditch and covering the soil in time, and adding 50-80 kg/mu of compound fertilizer special for tea trees on the basis of the base fertilizer when the soil is barren; the application time of the base fertilizer is from 10 months to 12 months;
s4: the urea at the root of the tea tree is topdressed for three times, the dosage of the topdressing is respectively 4.5-5.5 kg, 3.5-4.0 kg and 3.5-4.0 kg for each mu, and GA is sprayed in each period of topdressing time each time3The first 5-20 days;
s5: carrying out second shaping pruning on the tea trees in spring of the second year, wherein the pruning height is increased by 18-20cm from the first pruning hole to subtract the main branch, and other measures are the same as the first year;
s6, trimming the crown of the tea tree slightly when the young tea tree grows to 15-25cm in the third year;
s7: after 3 years, the canopy surface height of the tea tree is 0.8-1.0m, the tree breadth is more than 1.2m, the germination density can reach 80-120 per 0.1 square meter, the leaf area index reaches 2.9, and the canopy surface standard of the mature tea tree is met.
After planting tea trees, a plant growth promoter (GA) is applied to the young tea garden3) The spraying treatment is carried out, the most key problems are the spraying period, the spraying concentration and the spraying interval time of the plant growth agent, and the inventor carries out detailed research on the plant growth agent based on the characteristics of tea tree buds and leaves and finally determines the spraying period, the spraying concentration and the spraying interval time. In the embodiment, the tea tree is sprayed by three stages, and 2-3 times of spraying treatment is carried out in each stage, wherein the interval between every two stages is 2-15 days, and the main point is that the exogenous plant growth agent GA is used3The spraying treatment effect has a certain time range and the absorption of tea tree buds and leaves, and the growth promotion effect of the buds and leaves is greatly influenced by overlong interval time or broken fruits; the spraying concentration is 60-150 μmol/L because of GA3If the concentration is too low, the effect of promoting the rapid growth of the bud leaves cannot be achieved, and if the concentration is too high, the effect of inhibiting the tea trees can be generated, so that the growth of the tea trees is not facilitated.
The leaf fertilizer of the invention adopts GA3 and Tween-20 to be used in combination, and the Tween-20 can promote the GA of tea3Thereby promoting the germination density and the germination time of the tea leaves in the same period, effectively improving the yield of the tea trees, and GA3Can induce the transcription level of ERF11 (the transcription factor has strong interaction with the promoter of the theanine synthetase gene) in the gibberellin signal transduction pathway to be increased, promote the expression of the theanine synthetase gene and further improve the content of theanine and free amino acid in the fresh leaves of tea trees; meanwhile, the leaf fertilizer can promote the growth of tea branches and leaves, so that the nitrogen metabolism of tea trees is enhanced to improve the content of free amino acids, and based on the theory of carbon-nitrogen circulation, the nitrogen metabolism is enhanced, the carbon metabolism is inhibited, the polyphenol content of tea is reduced, the bitter taste of tea is reduced, and the quality of tea is improved.
Further, it can be used in GA3Ammonium sulfate with the mass concentration of 1.5-2.0% and urea with the mass concentration of 0.4-0.6% are added into the aqueous solution, so that carbon and nitrogen elements required for growth are provided for tea tree buds and leaves, the tea quality is improved, and the tea tree yield is improved.
In addition, the tea tree is slightly trimmed in the third year, so that the leaf area index of the tea tree can be effectively increased. Different light pruning period is different to the effect of tea tree, highly carries out light pruning at the young sprout growth of different tea trees, and is different to the effect of tea tree breadth and leaf area index, specifically as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 influence of different pruning patterns of tea plant on tree vigor of tea plant in the third year
Comparative example
Young tea trees in the same batch as the young tea trees in example 1 are selected as a control group, and the control group is treated by the method in example 1, wherein the control group is different from the control group in example 1 in that spraying treatment is carried out by using clear water.
The growth rate of tea tree buds and leaves treated by the method of example 1 was significantly higher than that of the control group. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows the comparison of the young sprout length of tea tree at 0, 5, 10 and 15 days after the first stage spraying treatment by the method of example 1 and the method of comparative example, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the young sprout length of tea tree is significantly higher than that of the control group after the spraying treatment of the present invention, which indicates that the young sprout growth rate of tea tree is higher than that of the control group after the spraying treatment of the present invention.
In addition, compared with the conventional 3-4-year-old tea garden, the yield of the tea garden treated by the method is 40-60%, the tea quality is better, and the content of free amino acid is obviously higher than that of the conventional 3-4-year-old tea garden. FIG. 2 shows the free amino acid content of tea leaves at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days after the first spraying treatment. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the content of free amino acids in the tea leaves of the tea trees treated by the invention is higher than that of the tea leaves of the control group by 20-50%, which shows that the quality of the tea leaves treated by the invention is better than that of the tea leaves of the control group.
As a more preferable embodiment, in example 1, the first spraying in the first stage is preferably performed when the sprouts are as long as 5-20mm, more preferably, the spraying treatment is performed when the sprouts are as long as about 10-15mm, and the first spraying in the first stage is preferably performed from the middle of 2 months to the middle of 3 months because the sprouts are not completely developed and formed in the first stage, and the scale leaves of the overwintering spores are peeled off or spread and the wax layer of the sprouts is thin and absorbs the plant growth regulator GA (GA) in the first stage of spraying in the first stage3) The optimal period of time (2), the later wax layer gradually increases, which is not good for absorption, and on the other hand, the temperature is low in the middle of 2-3 in the middle of the month, which is good for GA3Is effective for a long time.
Example 2
A method for quickly forming a garden on young tea trees comprises the following steps:
s1: transplanting tea tree in 2016 years in 1 month and 10 days, selecting a double-row double-plant or single-row double-plant planting mode when the tea tree is the uniform myrobalan leaves, shaping and trimming tea seedlings after transplanting, and shearing off the ground by about 15 cm;
s2: after the tea trees are transplanted and survive, spraying a foliar fertilizer in the first stage when the tea tree sprouts sprout to 10mm and the sprout germination ratio is 20-50% in 2016 (2 months and 15 days), wherein the foliar fertilizer contains GA3Tween 20, ammonium sulfate and urea, wherein GA3The concentration of the foliar fertilizer is 80 mu mol/L, the contents of the Tween 20, the ammonium sulfate and the urea respectively account for 1.5 per mill, 1.0 percent and 0.5 percent of the total mass of the foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed again in 5 days after spraying is finished, and the spraying solution and the concentration are the same as those of the first spraying solution; spraying the second stage when the tea sprout leaves in summer germinate for 10mm in 2016, 4 and 25 months, wherein the spraying solution and the density of the second stage are the same as those of the first stage, and spraying the second stage again in the fifth day after the first spraying in the second stage; the third stage is sprayed around 2016, 10, 8 and in autumn tea growth period, the third stage is sprayed again in the fifth day after the first spraying, and the solution and the concentration of each spraying in the third stage are the same as those in the first stage and the second stage; the spraying amount of each time in each period is 80L/mu. After the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the growth speed of the young tea tree shoots is obviously accelerated, and when the young tea tree shoots grow to 15cm, topping treatment is carried out on the young tea tree shoots, wherein the specific treatment method comprises the following steps: after the tea trees are transplanted to survive, spraying foliar fertilizer at a first stage when tea tree sprouts grow to 10mm and sprout germination ratio is 20-50% after 2016, spraying foliar fertilizer at about 2 months and 15 days, after spraying foliar fertilizer, obviously accelerating growth speed of tea tree young shoots, after spraying at the first stage, topping the tea tree young shoots when the tea tree young shoots grow to 15cm, performing topping treatment on the tea tree young shoots at a later stage when the tea tree young shoots grow to 15cm, spraying the tea tree young shoots at a second stage until the tea tree young shoots germinate to 10mm, performing spraying at the second stage, performing topping treatment when the tea tree young shoots grow to 18cm, performing topping treatment on the tea tree young shoots at the later stage when the tea tree young shoots grow to 18cm, spraying the tea tree young shoots at a third stage, and spraying at a growth period of autumn tea, performing topping treatment once every growth period of 18 cm;
s3: fertilizing the root of the tea tree: 200 kg of rapeseed cakes or 1000kg of farmyard manure are uniformly applied into the ditches together with other fertilizers such as urea and the like, and then the soil is covered in time, and 80 kg/mu of compound fertilizer special for tea trees can be added on the basis of the base fertilizer when the soil is poor; the application time of the base fertilizer is 2016, 12 months and 5 days;
s4: topdressing the urea at the root of the tea tree for three times, wherein the topdressing dosage is respectively 5 kg, 4 kg and 3 kg applied to each mu, and the topdressing time is 5-20 days before the foliar fertilizer is sprayed at each stage;
s5: carrying out second shaping and pruning on the tea trees in 2016, 12 months and 20 days, wherein the pruning height is increased by 18-20cm from the first pruning opening to subtract the main branches, and other measures are the same as those in the first year;
s6, trimming the crown of the tea tree slightly when the young sprout of the tea tree grows to 15-25cm in the third year (2018);
s7: after 3 years, the height of the canopy surface of the tea tree is 0.8-1.0m, the tree breadth is more than 1.2m, the germination density can reach 80-120 per 0.1 square meter, and the leaf area index can reach 2.8.
After 3 years of planting treatment, the yield of the tea leaves is about 42 percent higher than that of the conventional tea trees after the tea trees are planted in a garden, and the content of free amino acid in the tea leaves is 20 to 23 percent higher than that of the tea trees planted in the garden by the conventional method through detection.
Example 3
S1: transplanting tea trees in 20 days 12 months in 2016, wherein the variety of the tea trees is Mingfeng, a double-row double-plant or single-row double-plant planting mode can be selected, shaping and trimming are carried out on tea seedlings after transplanting, and the cut is about 20cm above the ground;
s2: after the tea trees are transplanted and survive, spraying a foliar fertilizer in the first stage when the bud heads of the tea trees germinate to 8-10mm and the bud head germination ratio is 20-50% in about 2 months and 20 days in 2017, wherein the foliar fertilizer contains GA3Tween 20, ammonium sulfate and urea, wherein GA3The concentration of the foliar fertilizer is 100 mu mol/L, the mass of the Tween 20, the mass of the ammonium sulfate and the mass of the urea are respectively 2.0 per mill, 1.5 percent and 0.6 percent of the total mass of the foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed again in 5 days after the spraying is finished, and the spraying solution and the concentration are the same as those of the first spraying solution; spraying the second stage when the spraying time of the second stage is about 28 days in 4 and 28 months in 2017 and summer tea bud leaves germinate for 10mm, wherein the spraying solution and the density of the second stage are the same as those of the first stage, and the second stage is sprayed again in the fifth day after the first spraying; the third stage is carried out in the growth period of autumn tea, 10 months and 10 days in 2017, the third stage is carried out again in the fifth day after the first spraying, and the third stage is carried outSpraying the solution and the concentration of the solution every time are the same as the first period and the second period; the spraying amount of each time in each period is 80L/mu. After the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the growth speed of the young tea tree shoots is obviously accelerated, and when the young tea tree shoots grow to 20cm, topping treatment is carried out on the young tea tree shoots, wherein the specific treatment method comprises the following steps: after the tea trees are transplanted to survive, spraying foliar fertilizer in a first stage when the sprouts of the tea trees germinate to 8-10mm and the sprout germination ratio is 20-50% in 2017 for 20 days, performing topping treatment on the tea trees when the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 20cm, performing topping treatment on the young shoots of the tea trees at the later stage when the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 20cm, spraying the foliar fertilizer in a second stage when the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 8-10mm, spraying the foliar fertilizer in a second stage when the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 20cm, performing topping treatment on the young shoots of the tea trees at the later stage when the young shoots of the tea trees grow to 20cm, spraying the foliar fertilizer in a third stage, and spraying the foliar fertilizer in a autumn tea growth period and performing topping treatment once when the young shoots grow to 20 cm;
s3: fertilizing the root of the tea tree: 300kg of rapeseed cakes or 1000kg of farmyard manure are uniformly applied into the ditches together with other fertilizers such as urea and the like, and then the soil is covered in time, and when the soil is barren, 50 kg/mu of compound fertilizer special for tea trees can be added on the basis of the base fertilizer; the application time of the base fertilizer is 11 months and 25 days in 2017;
s4: the urea at the root of the tea tree is topdressed for three times, the topdressing dosage is respectively 5 kg, 4 kg and 3 kg per mu, and GA is sprayed at each topdressing time in each period3The first 5-20 days;
s5: shaping and pruning the tea trees for the second time in 2018, 1 month and 10 days, wherein the pruning height is increased by 18-20cm from the first pruning port to subtract the main branches, and other measures are the same as the measures in the first year;
s6, trimming the crown of the tea tree slightly when the young sprout of the tea tree grows to 18-22cm in the third year (2019);
s7: after 3 years, the height of the canopy surface of the tea tree is 0.8-1.0m, the tree breadth is more than 1.2m, the germination density can reach 80-120 per 0.1 square meter, and the leaf area index reaches 3.0.
After 3 years of planting treatment, the yield of the tea is about 50 percent higher than that of the conventional tea tree after the tea tree is planted into a garden; through detection, the content of free amino acid in the tea is 25-30% higher than that of tea trees planted in gardens by a conventional method.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for quickly forming a garden on young tea trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: transplanting young tea trees from 12 months to 2 months in the next year, carrying out primary shaping and pruning on the tea trees after transplanting, and cutting off 15-20cm away from the ground;
s2: after the tea trees are transplanted to survive, spraying leaf fertilizer when the bud heads of the tea trees germinate to be 1-20mm, and topping the young shoots of the tea trees after the young shoots of the tea trees grow to be 15-30 cm; wherein the foliar fertilizer contains GA3And Tween-20 in an aqueous solution, wherein GA3The concentration is 60-150 mu mol/L, and the content of Tween-20 is 0.5-2 per mill of the total mass of the aqueous solution.
S3: fertilizing the roots: uniformly applying 100-300kg of rapeseed cakes or 500-1000kg of farmyard manure and urea and other fertilizers into the ditch and covering soil with the base fertilizer, wherein the application time of the base fertilizer is 10 months to 12 months;
s4: topdressing of roots: topdressing the urea at the root of the tea tree, wherein the topdressing time is 5-20 days before the foliar fertilizer is sprayed;
s5: carrying out second shaping pruning on the tea trees in spring of the second year, wherein the pruning height is increased by 18-20cm from the first pruning hole to subtract the main branch, and other measures are the same as the first year;
s6: in the third year, trimming the crown surface of the tea tree slightly when the young shoots of the tea tree grow to 15-25 cm;
s7: the tree breadth of the tea tree reaches more than 1.2m after 3 years, the leaf area index reaches more than 2.8, and the crown standard of the mature tea tree is met.
2. The method for rapidly forming a garden on young tea trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer is 20-80L/mu.
3. A method for rapidly forming a garden on young tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer further comprises ammonium sulfate and urea, and the mass concentrations of the ammonium sulfate and the urea are 1.5-2.0% and 0.4-0.6%, respectively.
4. A method for rapidly forming a garden on young tea trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, spraying is performed when sprouts germinate to 10-15 mm.
5. The method for rapidly forming a garden on young tea trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, foliar fertilizer is sprayed for a period of time: spraying in the first period: when the spring tea bud leaves germinate to be 1-20 mm; spraying in the second stage: when the summer tea bud leaves germinate to 1-20 mm; spraying in the third period: and (5) growing the autumn tea.
6. The method for rapidly forming a garden on young tea trees according to claim 5, wherein the spraying time for the first period is from 2 to 3 months; the spraying time in the second period is from 4 to 5 in the last ten days of the month; the spraying time in the third period is 9 to 10 in the middle of the month.
7. A method for rapidly growing a garden on young tea trees according to claim 5, wherein the spraying treatment is carried out again 2-15 days after the first spraying at each stage, and the spraying treatment is repeated 2-3 times at each stage.
8. A method for rapidly forming a garden on young tea trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the root top dressing is performed in three times, and the urea top dressing dosage is respectively as follows: 4.5-5.5 kg, 3.5-4.0 kg and 3.5-4.0 kg are applied per mu.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011601101.6A CN112673876A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Method for rapidly forming young tea tree garden |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011601101.6A CN112673876A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Method for rapidly forming young tea tree garden |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112673876A true CN112673876A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
Family
ID=75454390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011601101.6A Pending CN112673876A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Method for rapidly forming young tea tree garden |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112673876A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114208572A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-22 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for removing bitterness of fresh citrus fruits and application of method |
| CN114467605A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for promoting more buds of golden camellia in one year |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975750A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 全椒贡菊园茶厂 | Planting method of tea trees |
| CN105165532A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-23 | 广西百润源农业有限公司 | High-quality tea high-yield planting method |
| CN105684820A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-22 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Method for building and managing famous tea mechanical plucking tea garden |
| CN106747922A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | It is a kind of to promote to downgrade the tea free leaven with branch and its application |
| CN109644758A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-19 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of method in tea tree rapid-result garden fastly |
| CN110249898A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-20 | 青岛农业大学 | It is a kind of short-term training tea shoot method and its it is fast short-term training garden in application |
| CN110291915A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-10-01 | 四川绿源春茶业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods shortening the young tea plantations nurturing period |
-
2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011601101.6A patent/CN112673876A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975750A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 全椒贡菊园茶厂 | Planting method of tea trees |
| CN105165532A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-23 | 广西百润源农业有限公司 | High-quality tea high-yield planting method |
| CN105684820A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-22 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Method for building and managing famous tea mechanical plucking tea garden |
| CN106747922A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | It is a kind of to promote to downgrade the tea free leaven with branch and its application |
| CN109644758A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-19 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of method in tea tree rapid-result garden fastly |
| CN110291915A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-10-01 | 四川绿源春茶业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods shortening the young tea plantations nurturing period |
| CN110249898A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-20 | 青岛农业大学 | It is a kind of short-term training tea shoot method and its it is fast short-term training garden in application |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 唐洪平等: "无公害茶园巧施肥技术", 《农村百事通》 * |
| 李丹等: "赤霉素处理对青花菜产量和花球品质的影响", 《东北农业大学学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114208572A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-22 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for removing bitterness of fresh citrus fruits and application of method |
| CN114467605A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for promoting more buds of golden camellia in one year |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105746277B (en) | A kind of method of apocarya young growth and white tea composite plant | |
| CN109937790B (en) | Flower and fruit retention method for giant rose grapes | |
| CN107347546B (en) | The cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden | |
| CN103493709A (en) | High-yield planting method for Cuiguan pear | |
| CN109874591B (en) | Planting method for early fruiting and high yield of Wo oranges | |
| CN108782061A (en) | A kind of processing method prevented pineapple dehiscent fruit and split bar | |
| CN107360936A (en) | A kind of 1 year two sowing of denuclearization of grape plant cultural method | |
| CN112673876A (en) | Method for rapidly forming young tea tree garden | |
| CN106954505A (en) | It is a kind of to improve loquat percentage of fertile fruit and the cultural method of quality | |
| CN106508559A (en) | High-yield planting method for Hongjinlong mangoes | |
| CN110731221B (en) | Method for branching oranges in Wo mode | |
| CN102771307A (en) | Method for transplanting sprout stocks of zelkova serrata | |
| CN107736181A (en) | A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate | |
| CN114208618A (en) | Method for improving peony propagation efficiency by promoting cultivation in two seasons in one year | |
| CN106416906A (en) | Early high-yield sweet cherry cultivation method achieving high-density and highly-dwarfed vigorous stocks | |
| CN106982702B (en) | Method for selling grapes in greenhouse twice a year in spring festival | |
| CN104642035A (en) | Cultivation method of lycium barbarum | |
| CN112690164B (en) | Planting method for improving theanine content in tea | |
| CN105265136A (en) | Curcuma alismatifolia open field overwintering plantation method and landscape application thereof | |
| CN113179849A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for harvesting summer black grapes twice a year by using winter buds in the same year | |
| CN107455120A (en) | The implantation methods of golden apple arrowroot | |
| CN107616059B (en) | Method for managing high-yield cultivation of target trees of walnuts | |
| CN107409886A (en) | A kind of breeding method of dragon fruit | |
| CN111011084A (en) | Planting method of waxberries | |
| LU503347B1 (en) | Method for controlling flourishing growth of new peach shoots |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |