CN107736181A - A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate, it is related to planting fruit trees technical field, comprises the following steps：(1) seedling and pretreatment are selected；(2) selection of land site preparation；(3) transplant planting；(4) fertilizer irrigation；(5) final-period management；The grape method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is simple to operation, nursery planting cost is low, small investment, after nursery stock transplanting field planting, growing way is rapid, disease-free, survival rate is high, can effectively improve the quality and yield of grape, with significant social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits, be advantageous to the development of wine-growing industrialization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate.
Background technology
Grape is one of popular fruit, and its nutritive value is very high, can be made into grape juice, raisins and grape wine,
And existing more than the 2000 years history of Chinese cultivated plantation grape.In recent years, as the improvement of people's living standards, grape it is social
Demand expands day by day, and its nursery stock is in reproductive process is transplanted, often because the unreasonable of method for culturing seedlings causes nursery stock of growing directly from seeds
The problem of survival rate is low, has had a strong impact on the enthusiasm of people's Developing Grape industry, and causes to produce the waste of planting cost, prolongs
Delay the paces of grape improved variety, be unfavorable for the development of wine-growing industrialization.
The content of the invention
, should the invention provides a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate for problems of the prior art
Kind grape method for culturing seedlings is simple to operation, and nursery planting cost is low, small investment, and after nursery stock transplanting field planting, growing way is rapid, disease-free
Evil, survival rate is high, can effectively improve the quality and yield of grape, have significant social benefit, economic benefit and ecology
Benefit, be advantageous to the development of wine-growing industrialization.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate, is followed the steps below：
(1) seedling and pretreatment are selected：It is seedling to select pure kind, well developed root system, the normal healthy and strong grape seedlingses carpentery workshop of growth,
Grape nursery stock is placed in growth-promoting solvent and swings, soak 3-5min, takes out to air-dry afterwards and waits to be colonized；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is convenient, sandy loam matter of the pH value in 6.0-7.0 is made
To plant soil, surface soil layer is ploughed deeply up to more than 40cm, faces north and starts trench digging, is made into high 35-55cm, wide 80-
100cm strip furrow, dig deep 25-35cm, wide 40-60cm strip gutter；Afterwards 60-80g/m is sprinkled on every furrow2's
White lime, and black thin film is covered, Nausea drying 3-5 days, film is thrown off, organic fertilizer is applied on furrow as base manure, turns over rake furrow again
Face soil layer, ridge is made and treats Seeding planting, climbing rack finally is set on the furrow of field；
(3) transplant planting：Pretreated grape nursery stock is colonized on ridge, individual plant grape nursery stock spacing in the rows is arranged on
1.1m-1.3m, depth of taking root are 4-6cm, pour permeable after field planting, and a row grape nursery stock are only planted on every furrow；
(4) fertilizer irrigation：After field planting 15 days, the organic fertilizer used in step (2), every plant of 300- are applied in grape nursery stock root
500g, mankind's urine, every plant of 200-300g are poured after fertilising；
(5) final-period management：Foliar fertilizer is applied every other month once, amount of application 6-8g/m2, being applied every two months described has
Once, amount of application is 400-600g/ strains to machine fertilizer, and it be 50%-70% that watering, which keeps grape nursery stock root humidity, elimination field furrow last weeks
The weeds on side, and in the plant of the field furrow periphery plantation coptis or clover as induction insect；
Pruning：The seedling of field planting then only stays 1 strong bud, and remaining whole is erased, and is entered when branches and tendrils grow to 30-40cm
Row pinching, when plant maturation, annual Post flowering, pluck the branches and tendrils apart from flowers and fruits 35-45cm；
Flower and fruit thinning：It is 2200~2400 that every mu, which is stayed fringe amount, and it is 2600~2800 to stay climing amount；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Progress is first sprayed to nursery stock using 80 times of mixed diluting liquid of siberian Ginseng P.E and Ginger P.E
Pest and disease damage prevents, and the various pest and disease damages of grape are then prevented and treated according to actual conditions and custom requirements medication.
Further, the number of blade contained by above-mentioned grape nursery stock is more than or equal to 8, and a length of 25-45cm of seedling, stem diameter is more than
Equal to 1.0cm.
Further, above-mentioned growth-promoting solvent includes following component in parts by weight：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution 5-15 parts, hardship
Melon leaf extract 5-15 parts, garlic extract 5-15 parts, gibberellin 1-3 parts, potassium nitrate 1-2 parts and temperature are 36-42 DEG C of nothing
Bacterium water 60-80 parts.
Further, the sowing amount of above-mentioned base manure is 250-350g/ strains.
Further, above-mentioned organic fertilizer includes following component in parts by weight：Decomposed poultry-dung 40-60 parts, vegetation
Grey 30-40 parts, manioc waste 15-25 parts, silkworm excrement 15-25 parts and humic acid 5-15 parts.
Further, above-mentioned organic fertilizer includes following component in parts by weight：Decomposed 50 parts of poultry-dung, plant ash 35
Part, 10 parts of 20 parts of manioc waste, 20 parts of silkworm excrement and humic acid.
Further, above-mentioned foliar fertilizer includes following component in parts by weight：Urea 10-20 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-8
Part, salicylic acid 6-8 parts, ammonium molybdate 1-2 parts, ferrous sulfate 1-3 parts, double superhosphate 1-3 parts, sodium selenite 1-3 parts, copper sulphate
1-2 parts, zinc sulfate 0.5-1.5 parts and bamboo vinegar 25-35 parts.
Further, above-mentioned foliar fertilizer includes following component in parts by weight：15 parts of urea, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
7 parts of salicylic acid, 1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of double superhosphate, 2 parts of sodium selenite, 1.5 parts of copper sulphate, sulfuric acid
30 parts of 1 part of zinc and bamboo vinegar.
The present invention has following beneficial effect：The grape method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is simple to operation, is not transplanted by season
Limitation, according to grape growth feature and inhale fertile rule, seedling and pretreatment selected to the advanced row of grape nursery stock so that grape nursery stock reaches
To good state of growing, then by selection of land site preparation, the field planting for grape seedlingses wood afterwards provides all good planting environment,
Portugal ensure that by final-period managements such as scientific and reasonable fertilizer irrigation, flower and fruit thinning, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control again afterwards
The normal growth of grape and in the nutrition needed for different growth periods；Above-mentioned nursery planting cost is low, small investment, and nursery stock moves
After planting field planting, growing way is rapid, disease-free, and survival rate is high, and survival rate can reach more than 99%, and method for culturing seedlings Portugal traditional before
Grape survival rate has significant social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits between 80-90%, is advantageous to wine-growing production
The development of industry；
(1) the growth-promoting solvent in the present invention is used to pre-process the grape nursery stock of selection, compared to the plant used in tradition
Thing growth hormone, has the feature of green, safe and nontoxic evil, the active ingredient contained in its composition can not only pesticide-germicide,
Modulability can also be played a part of to the growth of nursery stock；
(2) the organic fertilizer content of organic matter in the present invention is up to more than 86%, and it is balanced, sufficient, comprehensive to have reached nutrient
It is required that abundant polypeptide, amino acid and various trace elements are provided for growing for grape, and nutrient easily absorbs, fertilizer
Duration length is imitated, is not easily runed off, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and grape growth is fast, and yield is high；
(3) foliar fertilizer in the present invention can not only meet grape to micro- needs in selenium, zinc, potassium, phosphorus, calcium etc.,
Grape early ageing can also be effectively prevented, improves the nutritive value content and its quality of grape.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, following examples are only used for more
Clearly demonstrate technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate
Plant place：Liuan City, Anhui Province Jinzhai County Mei Shan towns；
Varieties of plant：Golden finger grape；
Plant the date：On March 5th, 2012；
Planting tool material：Golden finger grape nursery stock (number of blade contained therein be more than or equal to 8, seedling grow 30-35cm it
Between, stem diameter is more than or equal to 1.0cm), black thin film, white lime, climbing rack；
Organic fertilizer, it includes following component：Decomposed poultry-dung 40kg, plant ash 30kg, manioc waste 15kg, silkworm excrement 15kg
With humic acid 5kg；
Growth-promoting solvent, it includes following component：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution 5kg, balsam pear leaf extract 5kg, garlic extract
5kg, gibberellin 1kg, potassium nitrate 1kg and temperature are 36 DEG C of sterilized water 60kg；
Foliar fertilizer, it includes following component：Urea 10kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4kg, salicylic acid 6kg, ammonium molybdate 1kg, sulfuric acid
Ferrous 1kg, double superhosphate 1kg, sodium selenite 1kg, copper sulphate 1kg, zinc sulfate 0.5kg and bamboo vinegar 25kg.
Specifically follow the steps below：
(1) seedling and pretreatment are selected：It is seedling to select pure kind, well developed root system, the normal healthy and strong grape seedlingses carpentery workshop of growth,
Grape nursery stock is placed in above-mentioned growth-promoting solvent and swings, soak 3min, taken out to air-dry afterwards and wait to be colonized；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is convenient, sandy loam matter of the pH value in 6.0-7.0 is made
To plant soil, surface soil layer is ploughed deeply up to more than 40cm, face north and start trench digging, be made into high 35cm, wide 80cm
Strip furrow, dig deep 25cm, wide 40cm strip gutter；Afterwards 60g/m is sprinkled on every furrow2White lime, and cover black
Color film, Nausea drying 3 days, throws off film, and it is 250g/ strains to apply organic fertilizer as base manure, sowing amount on furrow, then turns over rake again
Furrow face soil layer, ridge is made and treats Seeding planting, the climbing rack of grapevine akala is finally provided on the furrow of field；
(3) transplant planting：Pretreated grape nursery stock is colonized on ridge, individual plant grape nursery stock spacing in the rows is arranged on
1.1m, depth of taking root are 4cm, pour permeable after field planting, and a row grape nursery stock are only planted on every furrow；
(4) fertilizer irrigation：After field planting 15 days, the organic fertilizer used in step (2) is applied in grape nursery stock root, every plant
300g, mankind's urine, every plant of 200g are poured after fertilising；
(5) final-period management：Foliar fertilizer is applied every other month once, amount of application 6g/m2, applied every two months above-mentioned organic
Once, amount of application is 400g/ strains to fertilizer, and it is 50% that watering, which keeps grape nursery stock root humidity, eradicates the weeds of field furrow upper periphery, and
Plant of the furrow periphery plantation coptis as induction insect in field；
Pruning：The seedling of field planting then only stays 1 strong bud, and remaining whole is erased, and is carried out when branches and tendrils grow to 30cm
Pinching, when plant maturation, annual Post flowering, pluck the branches and tendrils apart from flowers and fruits 35cm；
Flower and fruit thinning：It is 2200 that every mu, which is stayed fringe amount, and it is 2600 to stay climing amount；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Progress is sprayed to nursery stock using 80 times of mixed diluting liquid of siberian Ginseng P.E and Ginger P.E
Pest and disease damage prevents, and does not occur pest and disease damage phenomenon afterwards.
Embodiment 2
A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate
Plant place：Liuan City, Anhui Province Jinzhai County Mei Shan towns；
Varieties of plant：Kyoto grape；
Plant the date：On March 15th, 2012；
Planting tool material：(number of blade contained therein is more than or equal to 8, a length of 25-35cm of seedling to kyoto grape nursery stock, stem
Dry diameter is more than or equal to 1.0cm), black thin film, white lime, climbing rack；
Organic fertilizer, it includes following component：Decomposed poultry-dung 50kg, plant ash 35kg, manioc waste 20kg, silkworm excrement 20kg
With humic acid 10kg；
Growth-promoting solvent, it includes following component：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution 10kg, balsam pear leaf extract 10kg, garlic extraction
Liquid 10kg, gibberellin 2kg, potassium nitrate 1.5kg and temperature are 39 DEG C of sterilized water 70kg；
Foliar fertilizer, it includes following component：Urea 15kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6kg, salicylic acid 7kg, ammonium molybdate 1.5kg, sulphur
Acid ferrous 2kg, double superhosphate 2kg, sodium selenite 2kg, copper sulphate 1.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.0kg and bamboo vinegar 30kg.
Specifically follow the steps below：
(1) seedling and pretreatment are selected：It is seedling to select pure kind, well developed root system, the normal healthy and strong grape seedlingses carpentery workshop of growth,
Grape nursery stock is placed in growth-promoting solvent and swings, soak 4min, takes out to air-dry afterwards and waits to be colonized；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is convenient, sandy loam matter of the pH value in 6.0-7.0 is made
To plant soil, surface soil layer is ploughed deeply up to more than 40cm, face north and start trench digging, be made into high 45cm, wide 90cm
Strip furrow, dig deep 30cm, wide 50cm strip gutter；Afterwards 70g/m is sprinkled on every furrow2White lime, and cover black
Color film, Nausea drying 4 days, throws off film, and it is 300g/ strains to apply organic fertilizer as base manure, sowing amount on furrow, then turns over rake again
Furrow face soil layer, ridge is made and treats Seeding planting, the climbing rack of grapevine akala is finally provided on the furrow of field；
(3) transplant planting：Pretreated grape nursery stock is colonized on ridge, individual plant grape nursery stock spacing in the rows is arranged on
1.2m, depth of taking root are 5cm, pour permeable after field planting, and a row grape nursery stock are only planted on every furrow；
(4) fertilizer irrigation：After field planting 15 days, the organic fertilizer used in step (2) is applied in grape nursery stock root, every plant
400g, mankind's urine, every plant of 250g are poured after fertilising；
(5) final-period management：Foliar fertilizer is applied every other month once, amount of application 7g/m2, applied every two months above-mentioned organic
Once, amount of application is 500g/ strains to fertilizer, and it is 60% that watering, which keeps grape nursery stock root humidity, eradicates the weeds of field furrow upper periphery, and
Plant of the furrow periphery plantation clover as induction insect in field；
Pruning：The seedling of field planting then only stays 1 strong bud, and remaining whole is erased, and is carried out when branches and tendrils grow to 35cm
Pinching, when plant maturation, annual Post flowering, pluck the branches and tendrils apart from flowers and fruits 40cm；
Flower and fruit thinning：It is 2300 that every mu, which is stayed fringe amount, and it is 2700 to stay climing amount；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Progress is first sprayed to nursery stock using 80 times of mixed diluting liquid of siberian Ginseng P.E and Ginger P.E
Pest and disease damage prevention, does not occur pest and disease damage phenomenon afterwards.
Embodiment 3
A kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate
Plant place：Liuan City, Anhui Province Jinzhai County Mei Shan towns；
Varieties of plant：Summer black grape；
Plant the date：On March 25th, 2012；
Planting tool material：(number of blade contained therein is more than or equal to 8, a length of 40-45cm of seedling to summer black grape nursery stock, stem
Dry diameter is more than or equal to 1.0cm), black thin film, white lime, climbing rack；
Organic fertilizer, it includes following component：Decomposed poultry-dung 60kg, plant ash 40kg, manioc waste 25kg, silkworm excrement 25kg
With humic acid 15kg；
Growth-promoting solvent, it includes following component：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution 15kg, balsam pear leaf extract 15kg, garlic extraction
Liquid 15kg, gibberellin 3kg, potassium nitrate 2kg and temperature are 42 DEG C of sterilized water 80kg；
Foliar fertilizer, it includes following component：Urea 20kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8kg, salicylic acid 8kg, ammonium molybdate 2kg, sulfuric acid
Ferrous 3kg, double superhosphate 3kg, sodium selenite 3kg, copper sulphate 2kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg and bamboo vinegar 35kg.
Specifically follow the steps below：
(1) seedling and pretreatment are selected：It is seedling to select pure kind, well developed root system, the normal healthy and strong grape seedlingses carpentery workshop of growth,
Grape nursery stock is placed in growth-promoting solvent and swings, soak 5min, takes out to air-dry afterwards and waits to be colonized；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is convenient, sandy loam matter of the pH value in 6.0-7.0 is made
To plant soil, surface soil layer is ploughed deeply up to more than 40cm, face north and start trench digging, be made into high 55cm, wide 100cm
Strip furrow, dig deep 35cm, wide 60cm strip gutter；Afterwards 80g/m is sprinkled on every furrow2White lime, and cover black
Color film, Nausea drying 5 days, throws off film, and it is 350g/ strains to apply organic fertilizer as base manure, sowing amount on furrow, then turns over rake again
Furrow face soil layer, ridge is made and treats Seeding planting, the climbing rack of grapevine akala is finally provided on the furrow of field；
(3) transplant planting：Pretreated grape nursery stock is colonized on ridge, individual plant grape nursery stock spacing in the rows is arranged on
1.3m, depth of taking root are 6cm, pour permeable after field planting, and a row grape nursery stock are only planted on every furrow；
(4) fertilizer irrigation：After field planting 15 days, the organic fertilizer used in step (2) is applied in grape nursery stock root, every plant
500g, mankind's urine, every plant of 300g are poured after fertilising；
(5) final-period management：Foliar fertilizer is applied every other month once, amount of application 8g/m2, applied every two months above-mentioned organic
Once, amount of application is 600g/ strains to fertilizer, and it is 70% that watering, which keeps grape nursery stock root humidity, eradicates the weeds of field furrow upper periphery, and
Plant of the furrow periphery plantation coptis as induction insect in field；
Pruning：The seedling of field planting then only stays 1 strong bud, and remaining whole is erased, and is carried out when branches and tendrils grow to 40cm
Pinching, when plant maturation, annual Post flowering, pluck the branches and tendrils apart from flowers and fruits 45cm；
Flower and fruit thinning：It is 2400 that every mu, which is stayed fringe amount, and it is 2800 to stay climing amount；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Progress is first sprayed to nursery stock using 80 times of mixed diluting liquid of siberian Ginseng P.E and Ginger P.E
Pest and disease damage prevention, does not occur pest and disease damage phenomenon afterwards.
Treat to the ripe good harvest phase, the survival rate, yield and fruit for recording the grape nursery stock that above-described embodiment 1-3 kinds are planted are big
Small and mouthfeel is in table 1 below；
Table 1
| Group | Plant percent (%) | Yield (kg/ mus) | Fruit size and mouthfeel |
| Embodiment 1 | 99.4 | 1846 | It is very large, fragrant and sweet |
| Embodiment 2 | 100 | 1883 | It is very large, fragrant and sweet |
| Embodiment 3 | 99.7 | 1720 | It is very large, fragrant and sweet |
| Tradition plantation | 83.5 | 1205 | It is slightly sour, it is not of uniform size |
From upper table 1, grape method for culturing seedlings of the invention can not only greatly improve the survival rate of various grape nursery stocks,
Vintage and quality can also be improved, is had significant progressive.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic.All essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) seedling and pretreatment are selected：It is seedling to select pure kind, well developed root system, the normal healthy and strong grape seedlingses carpentery workshop of growth, by Portugal
Grape nursery stock, which is placed in growth-promoting solvent, to be swung, soaks 3-5min, is taken out to air-dry afterwards and is waited to be colonized；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is convenient, sandy loam matter of the pH value in 6.0-7.0 is used as kind
Soil is planted, surface soil layer is ploughed deeply up to more than 40cm, faces north and starts trench digging, is made into high 35-55cm, wide 80-100cm
Strip furrow, dig deep 25-35cm, wide 40-60cm strip gutter；Afterwards 60-80g/m is sprinkled on every furrow2Ripe stone
Ash, and black thin film is covered, Nausea drying 3-5 days, film is thrown off, organic fertilizer is applied on furrow as base manure, turns over rake furrow face soil again
Layer, is made ridge and treats Seeding planting, finally set climbing rack on the furrow of field；
(3) transplant planting：Pretreated grape nursery stock is colonized on ridge, individual plant grape nursery stock spacing in the rows is arranged on 1.1m-
1.3m, depth of taking root are 4-6cm, pour permeable after field planting, and a row grape nursery stock are only planted on every furrow；
(4) fertilizer irrigation：After field planting 15 days, the organic fertilizer used in step (2), every plant of 300- are applied in grape nursery stock root
500g, mankind's urine, every plant of 200-300g are poured after fertilising；
(5) final-period management：Foliar fertilizer is applied every other month once, amount of application 6-8g/m2, the organic fertilizer was applied every two months
Once, amount of application is 400-600g/ strains, and it is 50%-70% that watering, which keeps grape nursery stock root humidity, eradicates field furrow upper periphery
Weeds, and in the plant of the field furrow periphery plantation coptis or clover as induction insect；
Pruning：The seedling of field planting then only stays 1 strong bud, and remaining whole is erased, and is plucked when branches and tendrils grow to 30-40cm
The heart, when plant maturation, annual Post flowering, pluck the branches and tendrils apart from flowers and fruits 35-45cm；
Flower and fruit thinning：It is 2200~2400 that every mu, which is stayed fringe amount, and it is 2600~2800 to stay climing amount；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Carry out disease pest is first sprayed to nursery stock using 80 times of mixed diluting liquid of siberian Ginseng P.E and Ginger P.E
Evil prevention, the various pest and disease damages of grape are then prevented and treated according to actual conditions and custom requirements medication.
A kind of 2. grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the grape nursery stock
The contained number of blade is more than or equal to 8, and a length of 25-45cm of seedling, stem diameter is more than or equal to 1.0cm.
A kind of 3. grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the growth-promoting solvent
Include following component in parts by weight：Eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution 5-15 parts, balsam pear leaf extract 5-15 parts, garlic extract 5-
15 parts, gibberellin 1-3 parts, potassium nitrate 1-2 parts and temperature are 36-42 DEG C sterilized water 60-80 parts.
4. a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base manure is applied
It is 250-350g/ strains to enter amount.
5. a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer is pressed
Include following component according to parts by weight meter：Decomposed poultry-dung 40-60 parts, plant ash 30-40 parts, manioc waste 15-25 parts, silkworm excrement
15-25 parts and humic acid 5-15 parts.
6. a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer is pressed
Include following component according to parts by weight meter：Decomposed 50 parts of poultry-dung, 35 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of manioc waste, 20 parts of silkworm excrement and rotten plant
10 parts of acid.
7. a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the foliar fertilizer is pressed
Include following component according to parts by weight meter：Urea 10-20 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-8 parts, salicylic acid 6-8 parts, ammonium molybdate 1-2 parts, sulphur
Acid ferrous 1-3 parts, double superhosphate 1-3 parts, sodium selenite 1-3 parts, copper sulphate 1-2 parts, zinc sulfate 0.5-1.5 parts and bamboo vinegar
25-35 parts.
8. a kind of grape method for culturing seedlings for improving survival rate according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the foliar fertilizer is pressed
Include following component according to parts by weight meter：15 parts of urea, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of salicylic acid, 1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate 2
Part, 2 parts of double superhosphate, 2 parts of sodium selenite, 1.5 parts of copper sulphate, 1 part of zinc sulfate and 30 parts of bamboo vinegar.
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| CN108718861A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-02 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods that Lonicera standishii tree yields two crops a year |
| CN109042224A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-21 | 衡阳市仙碧果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of seedling medium being exclusively used in grape nursery stock |
| CN112493051A (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2021-03-16 | 贵州顺水绿化工程有限公司 | Grape seedling raising method for improving survival rate |
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