CN106612689A - Peach orchard soil conditioner and application thereof - Google Patents
Peach orchard soil conditioner and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106612689A CN106612689A CN201611015185.9A CN201611015185A CN106612689A CN 106612689 A CN106612689 A CN 106612689A CN 201611015185 A CN201611015185 A CN 201611015185A CN 106612689 A CN106612689 A CN 106612689A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a peach orchard soil conditioner and application thereof. The peach orchard soil conditioner comprises biomass charcoal, and the biomass charcoal comprises, by mass, 0.76-1.35% of nitrogen, 0.68-1.25% of phosphorus, 1.47-2.08% of potassium, 0.34-0.57% of sulfur, 0.37-0.66% of calcium, 1.04-1.32% of magnesium, 40.8-55.4% of organic carbon and 13.6-42.1% of inorganic carbon. The pH value of the soil conditioner is 8.3-9.8. The peach orchard soil conditioner is high in adsorption affinity, can greatly improve the granular structure, porosity and air permeability of soil, provides survival space for beneficial soil microorganisms, effectively solves the continuous cropping problems of soil acidification, nutrient loss and unbalance, microbial population unbalance and the like, and greatly increases the peach seedling transplanting survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agromelioration technical field, and in particular to a kind of peach garden soil conditioner and its application.
Background technology
Peach is very popular fruit, Chinese agriculture yearbook statistics in 2014, China peach cultivated area 76.59 ten thousand in 2013
Hectare, 1192.41 ten thousand tons of total output, total output accounts for the 61.59% of the main Chan Tao states total output in the world, cultivated area and total product
Amount is still growing steadily.
Investigation result shows that the peach general economic life only has 12-15.Exclude veteran continuous cropping and plant new peach in peach garden
When, planting peach root system meristematic capacity is poor, sapling up-growth is stagnated or weak, and plant is short and small, leaf chlorosis, limb gummosis, as a result
Postpone, resistance and continuous cropping survival rate are drastically reduced, or even the phenomenon that whole strain is dead, here it is continuous cropping obstacle.
Limited by land resource, regional brand benefit and industrial chain advantage are affected, new peach garden is opened up or soil crop rotation
It is difficult to carry out in actual production etc. mode, it is necessary to the continuous cropping new talent on the soil that old peach is cut down, its Soil-sickness Problem is dashed forward
It is aobvious, the sustainable development of peach industry has seriously been threatened, become the bottleneck problem of some area restriction peach production developments.
The reason for causing peach continuous cropping obstacle is extremely complex, the suppression harmful bacteria such as benzoic acid of peach root system secretion, hydrogen cyanogen
Acid, flavanols etc. are by the accumulation in soil, or decompose through edaphon, and directly or indirectly new stubble peach root system is produced
Toxic action, grows so as to have a strong impact on it.Some bacteriums, such as Bacillus in soil, during peach undesirable root can be decomposed
Heterodendrin, and then noxious material benzoic acid and hydrogen cyanide are produced, so as to produce huge toxic action to new stubble peach root system.
Therefore, the micro-ecological environment for improving soil more shows urgent.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of peach garden soil conditioner and its application, the absorption of the peach garden soil conditioner
Affinity is strong, can substantially improve soil aggregate, voidage, gas permeability, meanwhile, provide life for beneficial edaphon
Space is deposited, the continuous cropping problem such as effectively solving soil acidification, nutritional deficiency are unbalance with unbalance and microbial population greatly improves peach
Transplantation of seedlings survival rate.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is as follows：
A kind of peach garden soil conditioner, containing biomass carbon, the chemical composition weight/mass percentage composition in the biomass carbon
For：Nitrogen content 0.76-1.35%, phosphorus content 0.68-1.25%, potassium content 1.47-2.08%, sulfur content 0.34-0.57%, calcium
Content 0.37-0.66%, content of magnesium 1.04-1.32%, organic carbon content 40.8-55.4%, inorganic charcoal 13.6-42.1%, pH
Value is in 8.3-9.8.
Further, the specific surface area of the biomass carbon is 1300-2300m2·g-1, with cellular porosity, aperture is
2-64nm
Further, the iodine sorption value of the biomass carbon is 442-697mg/g.
Preferably, described biomass carbon is rice straw type biomass carbon.
The preparation method of peach garden soil conditioner of the present invention, comprises the steps：
With stalk or limb as raw material, using unpowered retort in the case where carbonizing temperature is for 500-700 DEG C, 48- is carbonized
96h。
Further, it is rice straw or wheat stalk by described stalk, the limb is branches of fruit trees.
Application of the peach garden soil conditioner of the present invention in the improvement of peach continuous cropping soil.
Further, described peach continuous cropping soil is the soil of 2 batches or more than 2 batches of peach continuous cropping.
Also, the peach garden soil conditioner is used before annual or annual above wild peach or stock are transplanted.
Further, when using, the amount of application of the biomass carbon in the peach garden soil conditioner is the 1 of continuous cropping soil quality
～3%, move preemergence application.
The generation of continuous cropping obstacle deteriorates mainly due to the physicochemical property of rhizosphere soil, causes soil surface characters to increase.This
The described peach garden soil conditioner of invention contains biomass carbon, and the biomass carbon has the pore structure of different pore size and huge
Specific surface area, can increase substantially adsorption capacity of the soil to nutrient, increase soil organic matter and nutrient availability, improve soil
Microenvironment, can provide huge living space and the energy for edaphon, strengthen microbial activity and diversity, improve soil
Microenvironment, so as to improve transplanting survival rate of the peach seedling in continuous cropping soil, improves plant nutrient and absorbs, so that peach seedling overcomes
Continuous cropping obstacle.
Biomass carbon of the present invention has micropore and middle macropore, and its complex pore structure can increase soil aperture
Degree, enhances water holding capacity, therefore can increase considerably the moisture content of soil；Specific surface area is huge, and pH value is in 8.3-9.8
Alkalescence, in applying continuous cropping peach garden soil, can improve the micro-ecological environment of soil, change the acid-base value of soil, and soil conditioner
In contain substantial amounts of ash content, increased the content of soil available nitrogen.
The soil conditioner of the present invention can be individually composed by the biomass carbon, it is also possible to add other conventional soil
Conditioning ingredients, such as compound fertilizer, microbial-bacterial fertilizer, leavening agent.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1) peach garden soil conditioner of the invention has huge specific surface area and porous, the knot of the hole with height
Structure, can substantially improve soil aggregate, voidage, gas permeability, while providing living space for beneficial edaphon, solve
Old peach garden continuous cropping obstacle soil issues certainly in the presence of prior art and affect the problem of peach yield and quality.
2) peach garden soil conditioner energy effectively solving soil acidification of the invention, nutritional deficiency and unbalance and microbial species
Group is unbalance etc., greatly improves peach seedling transplanting survival rate, promotes plant growth.
3) peach garden soil conditioner of the invention is plant source, and secondary pollution, environmental protection will not be caused to environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the microstructure electron-microscope scanning figure of biomass carbon in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the microbe quantity spirogram in the embodiment of the present invention 1 in peach seedling soil.
Fig. 3 is the microbe quantity spirogram in the embodiment of the present invention 2 in peach seedling soil.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Peach garden soil conditioner used by the embodiment of the present invention only contains biomass carbon, and pH is between 8.3-9.8, in alkalescence,
Its preparation method is：With rice straw as raw material, using Japanese unpowered retort in the case where carbonizing temperature is for 500-700 DEG C, straw
Stalk carbonizes 48h-96h, obtains rice straw biomass carbon.
The rice straw type biomass carbon morphology feature of acquisition is swept using the desk-top TM1000 surface scans Electronic Speculum of Hitachi
Retouch, referring to Fig. 1, its charcoal specific surface area is determined its microstructure using specific surface area analysis instrument.
As seen from Figure 1, biomass carbon of the invention has micropore and middle macropore of a large amount of apertures between 2nm-64nm
Pore structure, measures its specific surface area and can reach 1300-2100m2·g-1。
Obtained peach garden soil conditioner is applied to the old peach garden continuous cropping soil of life in 8 years by embodiment 1
Test is carried out for 8 years at Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai City village row compbined test station in the old peach garden of life.
Test plant：Stock wild peach is given birth to then.
For trying soil：The dead tree root system surrounding soil in the old peach garden of Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai City village row compbined test station life in 8 years.
5 dead trees are randomly selected in peach garden, in the soil that top layer 5-30cm is taken in the range of trunk 50-60cm, is sieved
Shady and cool ventilation natural air drying is placed in after mixing standby.
Test method：If 4 kinds of process, the soil conditioner amount of application of respectively 1%, 2% and 5% (accounts for respectively above-mentioned being taken
Soil quality 1%, 2% and 5%) and blank, every kind of process sets 5 repetitions, totally 20 basin, and each is processed 112.5kg
Loading round plastic basin after the soil conditioner mixing of the native amount addition different proportion of (every basin 22.5kg is native, totally 5 basin), in every basin
Transplanting growing way is homogeneous, well-grown wild peach seedling 1, and plastic tub is placed in into old peach garden field soil about 30cm dell grooves after transplanting
It is interior, to keep soil moisture in basin, and Routine Management measure is carried out, test is carried out 4 months.
1. the growth traits of peach seedling compares
After off-test, the growing state for comparing peach seedling after the soil conditioner process of different soils conditioning agent content (is deposited
Motility rate, plant height, stem are thick, limb number and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading), as a result referring to table 1.
Table 1
As known from Table 1, compared with blank, amount of application is that 1% and 2% soil conditioner process peach seedling survival rate reaches
To 100%, limb number increases by 2 and 4 than control, Chlorophyll SPAD Reading increase by 3.5 and 1.1, and 5% soil conditioner is deposited
Motility rate has declined, and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading also slightly declines.It can be seen that, the soil conditioner of the present invention increased the survival of seedling
Rate, increased plant photosynthetic capability.
2. the different administration amount of soil conditioner processes the impact that peach seedling chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are newly planted to old peach garden
After off-test, the peach seedling leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter processed using the soil conditioner of 3 kinds of different administration amounts
Index is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Table 2 shows, during off-test, the peach seedling Photosynthetic Rate highest of 1% soil conditioner process reaches 19.4 μ
mol·m-2s-1, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate are respectively 0.3mmolm-2s-1And 4.4gm-2h-1, hence it is evident that it is higher than
0.1mmol·m-2s-1And 2.2gm-2h-1Blank.And the photosynthetic rate of 5% soil conditioner has declined, rising speed
Rate increases.
Further illustrate the soil conditioner of the present invention by improve plant photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance and transpiration come
The photosynthesis of plant is increased substantially, has important facilitation to peach seedling growth.
3. the different administration amount of soil conditioner processes the impact that the basic physicochemical character of peach seedling soil is newly planted to old peach garden
Table 3
The result of table 3 shows, compared with blank, the addition conspicuousness of 1% and 2% soil conditioner increased soil
Moisture content, respectively 57% and 36%.Soil conditioner is added and improves soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, wherein 1% processes increase
27%, 2% processes increase by 19%；The rapid available phosphorus of 1% soil conditioner does not have difference with compareing, and 5% soil conditioner is processed
Available phosphorus contents reduce by 23%；Soil conditioner is added to increase soil effective K content, 1%, 2% and 5% soil conditioning
The quick-acting potassium content of agent significantly increases 15%, 35% and 48%.The addition of three kinds of different content soil conditioners is both increased
The pH value of continuous cropping soil, is allowed to be converted into the suitable slightly alkalescence of peach by acid ground.
4. the different administration amount of soil conditioner processes the impact that peach seedling edaphon is newly planted to old peach garden, as a result as schemed
Shown in 2.
Fig. 2 shows, compared with blank, 1% soil conditioner processes bacterium, fungi and unwrapping wire bacterial content point in soil
Indescribably high 1,2 and 2 orders of magnitude, 2% soil conditioner processes fungi and unwrapping wire bacterial content is respectively increased 2 and 1 number
Magnitude.And 5% soil conditioner processes then fungi and actinomyces and slightly increased, bacterium is reduced.It can be seen that, amount of application is 1% He
2% soil conditioner significantly increases the population number and diversity of edaphon.
Peach garden soil conditioner is applied to the old peach garden regrowth hair continuous cropping soil of life in 15 years by embodiment 2
Test is carried out in Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai City area of Feng Pu institutes.
Test plant：Biennial honey peach grafting.
For trying soil：The old peach garden regrowth hair continuous cropping soil of Shanghai Nanhui life in 15 years.
Test implementing method is with embodiment 1.
1. the growth traits of peach seedling compares
After off-test, different soils conditioner amount of application processes the growing state of peach seedling referring to table 4.
Table 4
As known from Table 4, during off-test, CK, 1% soil conditioner, 2% soil conditioner and 5% soil conditioner four
Individual process peach seedling survival rate is respectively 80,100,100 and 60%.The stem of three kinds of soil conditioners is slightly coarser than control, wherein 1%
Soil conditioner increases the soil conditioners of 0.9cm, 1% and 2% and processes the limb number of peach seedling than control increase by 3 and 2, Ye Lv
Plain SPAD values increase by 7.0 and 1.8.And the survival rate of 5% soil conditioner has declined, Chlorophyll SPAD Reading also slightly declines.
When illustrating the soil conditioner of the present invention for 15 years old peach garden regrowth hair continuous cropping soils of life, plant growth is promoted, improve children
The survival rate of seedling.
2. the different administration amount of soil conditioner processes the impact that peach seedling chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are newly planted to old peach garden
After off-test, using the soil conditioner of 3 kinds of different proportions peach seedling leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter index is processed
As shown in table 5.
Table 5
Table 2 shows, during off-test, 1% soil conditioner processes peach seedling Photosynthetic Rate highest, reaches 18.9 μ
mol·m-2s-1, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate are respectively 0.3mmolm-2s-1And 4.7gm-2h-1, hence it is evident that it is higher than
0.1mmol·m-2s-1And 2.9gm-2h-1Blank, and the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of 5% soil conditioner are
Increase.
When illustrating the soil conditioner of the present invention for 15 years old peach garden regrowth hair continuous cropping soils of life, by improving Plant Light
Close speed, Stomatal conductance and transpiration to increase substantially the photosynthesis of plant, have important promotion to peach seedling growth
Effect.
3. soil conditioner different administration amount processes the impact that the basic physicochemical character of peach seedling soil is newly planted to old peach garden
The basic physicochemical character of soil at the end of comparative test, as a result referring to table 6.
Table 6
The result of table 5 shows, compared with blank, the addition conspicuousness of 1% and 2% soil conditioner increased soil
Moisture content, soil conditioner is added and improves soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and quick-acting potassium content.Improve soil pH value.
4. soil conditioner different administration amount processes the impact edaphon that peach seedling edaphon is newly planted to old peach garden
Situation referring to Fig. 3.
As Fig. 3 results show, compared with blank, 1% soil conditioner processes bacterial content in soil and improves 2 numbers
Magnitude, significantly increases soil microbe quantity.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of peach garden soil conditioner, it is characterised in that it contains biomass carbon, the chemical composition matter in the biomass carbon
Measuring percentage composition is：Nitrogen content 0.76-1.35%, phosphorus content 0.68-1.25%, potassium content 1.47-2.08%, sulfur content
0.34-0.57%, calcium content 0.37-0.66%, content of magnesium 1.04-1.32%, organic carbon content 40.8-55.4%, inorganic charcoal
Content 13.6-42.1%, pH value is in 8.3-9.8.
2. peach garden soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the specific surface area of the biomass carbon is
1300-2300m2·g-1, with cellular porosity, aperture is 2-64nm.
3. peach garden soil conditioner according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the iodine sorption value of the biomass carbon
For 442-697mg/g.
4. peach garden soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biomass carbon is rice straw type
Biomass carbon.
5. the preparation method of the peach garden soil conditioner as described in any one of claim 1-4, comprises the steps：
With stalk or limb as raw material, using unpowered retort in the case where carbonizing temperature is for 500-700 DEG C, 48-96h is carbonized.
6. the preparation method of peach garden soil conditioner as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that by described stalk be paddy rice
Stalk or wheat stalk, described limb is branches of fruit trees.
7. application of the peach garden soil conditioner as described in any one of claim 1-4 in the improvement of peach continuous cropping soil.
8. application as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described peach continuous cropping soil be 2 batches or 2 batches of peach continuous cropping with
On soil.
9. application as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the peach garden soil conditioner is more than annual or annual
Wild peach or stock are used before transplanting.
10. application as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the amount of application of biomass carbon in the peach garden soil conditioner
For the 1～3% of continuous cropping soil quality, preemergence application is moved.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107347546A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-11-17 | 马鞍山市永辉园林绿化有限公司 | The cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden |
| CN108966711A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-11 | 界首市天润发家庭农场 | A kind of processing method improving continuous cropping peach garden soil environment |
| CN110183280A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-30 | 南京农业大学 | One kind is for improveing soil acidification and saliferous soil conditioner |
| CN111518700A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-08-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Carbon-based composite microbial inoculant and application thereof |
| CN113603555A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-05 | 上海市农业科学院 | Biomass charcoal-based amino acid soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113950923A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-21 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Method for improving continuous cropping resistance of peach trees |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107347546A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-11-17 | 马鞍山市永辉园林绿化有限公司 | The cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden |
| CN107347546B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-04-03 | 马鞍山市永辉园林绿化有限公司 | The cultural method of peach in a kind of continuous cropping peach garden |
| CN108966711A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-11 | 界首市天润发家庭农场 | A kind of processing method improving continuous cropping peach garden soil environment |
| CN110183280A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-30 | 南京农业大学 | One kind is for improveing soil acidification and saliferous soil conditioner |
| CN111518700A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-08-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Carbon-based composite microbial inoculant and application thereof |
| CN113603555A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-05 | 上海市农业科学院 | Biomass charcoal-based amino acid soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113950923A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-21 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Method for improving continuous cropping resistance of peach trees |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |