CN104163741A - Ecological charcoal fertilizer for crops and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological charcoal fertilizer for crops and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104163741A CN104163741A CN201410434851.7A CN201410434851A CN104163741A CN 104163741 A CN104163741 A CN 104163741A CN 201410434851 A CN201410434851 A CN 201410434851A CN 104163741 A CN104163741 A CN 104163741A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
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- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological charcoal fertilizer for crops, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of biomass charcoal with the particle size of 20-60 meshes and 5-15 parts of wood vinegar. The ecological charcoal fertilizer for crops is purely natural and environment-friendly, contains no garbage, obviously enhances the soil-borne disease resistance of the crops, and can easily implement industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural planting technique field, be specifically related to a kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Current agricultural land soil health problem is on the rise, and (1) soil ecology obstruction factor is obvious---Soil structure deterioration, functional deterioration, nutrient imbalance.(2) farmland pollution problem day by day shows especially---and the unreasonable application soil productivities such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals are low.(3) Agricultural biodiversity reduces---and intensive agriculture soil utilization reduces Agricultural biodiversity.(4) plant growth health problem is outstanding---unhealthy the growing such as easily lodging of crop, excessive growth, early ageing; Nonoculture or Reducing production of continuous planting " syndromes ", disease pest and weed increase the weight of; The degeneration-resistant border of crop ability etc.For above China agricultural ecological barrier factors and Environmental and ecological problems, taking high yield and sustainable as target, be badly in need of the coordination of the targets such as emphasis solves high yield and resources effective utilization technically, soil fertility is continual and steady, benefit continues to increase, create high-yielding grain fields environmental health administrative skill system, breaking through and the sustainable high yield of technology integrated innovation drive big area with gordian technique, is the great demand of China's crop safety technology strategy.
Agricultural biomass charcoal is that a class has more than 2500 year and utilizes historical soil improvement agent; Biomass charcoal can improve soil organic carbon, improves soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation performance, reduces nutrient loss, is of value to that soil microorganisms perches and movable, and particularly mycorrhizal fungi, is the good selection of soil improvement agent.Can be found everywhere about agricultural stalk exploitation fermentation fertilizer and bacterial manure example, and utilize straw charring technology, realize the fertilizer of " ecological, capable of circulation " of real meaning, and farmland waste biomass charcoal is given full play to the effect in soil, but also someone furthers investigate exploitation for " turning waste into wealth " and farmland technology.
Ecological carbon fertilizer is that one utilizes agricultural crop straw for raw material, through Eco Science Technology innovative technology, bio-energy in stalk is carried out to the biomass charcoal organic fertilizer with " ecological, organic, capable of circulation " meaning of diversification utilization and industrialization processing, can solve current agricultural land soil deterioration problem, rehabilitating soil health, realizes organising of crop; Product can be realized the repeatedly resource utilization recirculation of material in agricultural crop straw, really stalk " is eaten to dry squeezing only " " turning waste into wealth ", realizes the industrialization utilization of stalk.By the scientific and reasonable collocation of distinctive ecological carbon metallization processes+inner nutritive ingredient, improve soil quality, improve soil organic matter content, chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, and significantly increase crop yield, quality and resistance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, the fertile pure natural of this ecological carbon, zero rubbish, environmental friendliness, can rehabilitating soil health, overcome continuous cropping obstacle, balance soil C/N ratio, the disease resistance, raising crop yield, the raising improving activity of root system that significantly improve soil-borne disease of crop, be easy to suitability for industrialized production.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 80～95 and wood vinegar 5～15.
In described wood vinegar, the content of wood vinegar is 50.1～50.6wt%, and the pH value of wood vinegar is 5.2～5.8.
The preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer for described crop, is made up of following steps:
(1) collect Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, air-dry or airing makes its water content≤13wt%, then puts into 460～550 DEG C of charring furnaces and carries out charing, obtains biological black wood charcoal and mixed gas; Separating and obtain wood vinegar by condensing works after mixed gas dedusting; Biological black wood charcoal is ground, and sieving and obtaining grain graininess is 20～60 object biomass charcoals;
(2) biomass charcoal according to above-mentioned formula, step (1) being obtained and wood vinegar mix and obtain product.
Described charring furnace is pond formula limit oxygen thermo-cracking charring furnace.
compared with prior art: advantage of the present invention is:
(1) pure natural, zero rubbish: come from natural farmland stalk, for farmland.100% can be by microorganism trans-utilization again, and charing is abundant, is convenient to soil microorganisms and utilizes;
(2) really organic: all the components or additive 100%, from plant prod, add without any synthetic, environmentally friendly, Eco-friendly fertilizer;
(3) full nutrition compatibility: raise the length of fertilizer, organic content is high, exists form simple, easily absorbs and decomposes; Keep away the short of chemical fertilizer, be easily combined with chemical fertilizer, improve common chemical fertilizer utilization ratio 30～50%, reduce nitrogenous fertilizer leaching loss 54.3～62.8%, can be mixed with any fertilizer;
(4) multiple functional: not only to have significant increasing of quality and production effect, the disease resistance of soil-borne disease of crop is also increased;
(5) put forward clean health: go through 300 DEG C of above high-temperature sterilizations, the course of processing is without pathogen contamination, without the disease and pest body of surviving the winter, farmland is used relieved;
(6) production technique for fertilizer is simple and practical, and production cost is low, is convenient to industrialization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described, but do not limit content of the present invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 80～95 and wood vinegar 5～15.
The preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer for above-mentioned crop, is made up of following steps:
(1) collect Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, air-dry or airing makes its water content≤13wt%, then puts into 460～550 DEG C of pond formula limit oxygen thermo-cracking charring furnaces and carries out charing, obtains biological black wood charcoal and mixed gas; Separating and obtain wood vinegar by condensing works after mixed gas dedusting; Biological black wood charcoal is ground, and sieving and obtaining grain graininess is 20～60 object biomass charcoals;
(2) biomass charcoal according to above-mentioned formula, step (1) being obtained and wood vinegar mix and obtain product.
embodiment 2
A kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of following raw material: granularity is that 20 object biomass charcoal 95kg and pH value are 5.7 wood vinegar 5kg.
The present embodiment is identical with the preparation method of embodiment 1.
embodiment 3
A kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of following raw material: granularity is that 20 object biomass charcoal 90kg and pH value are 5.7 wood vinegar 10kg.
The present embodiment is identical with the preparation method of embodiment 1.
embodiment 4
A kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of following raw material: granularity is that 20 object biomass charcoal 80kg and pH value are 5.7 wood vinegar 15kg.
The present embodiment is identical with the preparation method of embodiment 1.
embodiment 5
A kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of following raw material: granularity is that 60 object biomass charcoal 95kg and pH value are 5.7 wood vinegar 5kg.
The present embodiment is identical with the preparation method of embodiment 1.
test example 1
Obtain the impact of description of product crop ecological carbon fertilizer on Biological Characteristics of Wheat with embodiment 2.
Select wheat breed for Zheng wheat 366 is for for studying thing, specifically supply method for testing: test arranges 2 processing, repeats for 4 times, and random district group is arranged.Zone leader 20m, wide 5m, area 100m
2.Aisle 0.5m between processing, aisle 1m between repetition, surrounding is stayed protection row.Each processing arranges as follows:
A, conventional fertilizer: the mu 40kg that applies fertilizer to the subsoil, 20kg topdresses
B, crop ecological carbon fertilizer: mu is executed the fertile base fertilizer 40kg of charcoal, imposes the fertile 20kg of charcoal
Wheat was sowed in 12-13 day in October, 2009, and field management is consistent with land for growing field crops, and in March, 2010,10-12 day, topdressed once, within after topdressing 3-5 days, watered.The single meter of receiving in June, 2010 5-10 bu community produces, and bioeconomics shape is investigated and analysed, and concrete outcome sees the following form.
Crop with ecological carbon fertilizer on the impact of Biological Characteristics of Wheat in table 1:
through observation, in Shangqiu, experimental field fertile the processing than the highest strain number of conventional fertilizer application processing, number of productive ear, spike length, fringe real grain number and thousand seed weight of winter wheat ecological carbon increases respectively 0.6 ten thousand strains, 0.3 ten thousand fringes, 0.6cm, 5,2g; In Xuchang, experimental field fertile the processing than the highest strain number of conventional fertilizer application processing, number of productive ear, spike length, fringe real grain number and thousand seed weight of winter wheat ecological carbon increases respectively 0.8 ten thousand strains, 0.7 ten thousand fringes, 0.7cm, 4,2.5g.Spring in 2010, Shangqiu Area repeatedly meets with strong wind weather, and area, Xuchang meets with heavy showers weather several times, and two places conventional fertilizer application is processed wheat all lodging phenomenon, stands intact and use the fertile wheat of processing of ecological carbon.
2, ecological carbon fertilizer on the impact of wheat yield in table 2:
Two places are tested and are shown, winter wheat is checked through F by the plot experiment result of ecological carbon fertilizer, and interval group difference does not reach conspicuous level (between district's group, F value is less than 1), shows that between repetition, volume variance is little, even for examination plot soil fertility; Between processing, difference reaches utmost point significant difference level (between processing, F value is greater than 0.01), and actual per mu yield volume increase 85.4kg, stimulation ratio 17.5% are processed with fertile the processing than conventional fertilizer application of ecological carbon in Shangqiu experimental field winter wheat; Actual per mu yield volume increase 91.4kg, stimulation ratio 18.1% are processed with fertile the processing than conventional fertilizer application of ecological carbon in Xuchang experimental field winter wheat.Production-increasing function is all obvious.
test example 2
Obtain the effect of description of product crop ecological carbon fertilizer to tobacco with embodiment 1.
Test arranges 3 processing, and every processing repeats for 4 times, and random district group is arranged.6 ridges, every community, the long 10m in ridge, distance between the ridges 1.2m, community area 60m
2, the 17 Zhu Yanjimei communities of planting, every ridge plant 102 strain cigarettes, and folding mu is planted cigarette 1133 strains.Aisle 1.2m between processing, aisle 1.5m between repetition, surrounding is stayed protection row.Each processing arranges as follows:
A processes (contrast): 40kg tobacco composite fertilizer special, 20kg sesame cake fertilizer
B processes: 40kg ecological carbon fertilizer, 30kg tobacco composite fertilizer special
C processes: 40kg ecological carbon fertilizer, 40kg tobacco composite fertilizer special
Each processing is base manure above, application in two dressings, before ridging, impose on ridge by 60% of base manure consumption at the bottom of cigarette strain plant on row, then ridging, imposes on planting pit bottom remaining 40% when transplanting again, transplants cigarette seedling after covering thin soil.All processing all impose and carry seed manure saltpetre 5kg in cultivation for latter 30 days.Contrast field is red and metalaxyl-mn-zn control rhizome disease with the legendary god of farming, and processing not medication of field, by the ecological carbon fertilizer cultural control rhizome disease that keeps healthy.Other every farming operations are undertaken by local sound tobacco production specifications, respectively process cell operation and are consistent.
Cigarette seedling is local commercial seedling, and transplanted May 8 in Jiaxian County, tafelberg, and September 9 gathered complete; Transplanted May 25 in Yiyang, Luoyang, and October 7 gathered complete.Duration of test, results of regular determination cigarette strain improving activity of root system and growing state, a situation arises for investigation Main Tobacco Diseases, and the main biological character of tobacco is investigated and analysed.Adopt flue-cured tobacco Jun An community at every turn and hang respectively that label is singly adopted, Dan Yun, a point bar lace enters roasting, and after going out bake, preserve tape label point community.Field to be tested tobacco leaf entirely toast and has stacked and preserve while starting to receive cigarette to cigarette station after for some time, each processing community tobacco leaf is carried out respectively to classification and test product, analysis economic benefit.
1, ecological carbon fertilizer on the impact of tobacco primary growth stage in table 3:
As seen from Table 3, two experimental field use ecological carbon fertilizer and respectively process cigarette strain primary growth stage no significant difference compared with the control.Contrast and respectively process cigarette strain breeding time all at 116d-119d, result shows, uses ecological carbon fertilizer cigarette strain primary growth stage is had no significant effect.
2, the impact of ecological carbon fertilizer on tobacco Other Main Agronomic Characters
Duration of test, at tobacco growing group's phase and Topping Stage, the Other Main Agronomic Characters such as observational data plant height, the number of sheets, stem girth, pitch, maximum leaf area, the results are shown in following table 4 respectively:
As seen from Table 4, two experimental field continuous cropping 2 years vega B, C process in plant height, the number of sheets and the maximum leaf area of group's phase and be all greater than contrast, wherein plant height and maximum leaf area all reach significant difference level; B, C process and are also all greater than contrast in plant height, the number of sheets, stem girth and the maximum leaf area of Topping Stage, and wherein maximum leaf area reaches significant difference level.The fertile tobacco growing of this explanation ecological carbon has certain influence, can promote tobacco growing development rate, improves increment.Two experimental field continuous cropping for many years rhizome disease there is serious vega B, C and process in plant height and the maximum leaf area of group's phase and be all obviously greater than contrast, and number of sheets aspect is also all greater than contrast, but difference is not obvious; B, C process and are all obviously greater than contrast in plant height, the number of sheets, stem girth and the maximum leaf area of Topping Stage.This explanation ecological carbon fertilizer can effectively reduce the occurrence degree of tobacco rhizome disease, thereby reduces disease loss, increases tobacco production and benefit.Explanation thus, ecological carbon fertilizer not only can substitute cake fertilizer completely, and can also save fertilizer amount, improves utilization rate of fertilizer.
3, ecological carbon fertilizer is on the Main Tobacco Diseases impact that a situation arises
The incidence of investigating respectively the Main Tobacco Diseases such as each processing tobacco virus, balck shank, root knot nematode disease, root Black Rotten, red-star like disease, bacterial leaf spot in the morbidity Sheng phase is in table 5:
As shown in Table 5, two experimental field continuous cropping 2 years vega B, C process all having shown obvious difference with contrasting aspect the sickness rate of tobacco virus, balck shank and root knot nematode disease and occurring degree, be obviously better than contrasting; And two places continuous cropping for many years vega aspect tobacco virus, balck shank and root knot nematode disease, showing equally identical rule.Two places continuous cropping 2 years and continuous cropping all sporadicly morbidities of vega Alternaria alternate, bacterial leaf spot for many years, sickness rate and disease index are lower, lose lessly, but fertile processing of ecological carbon is all being better than contrast aspect the generation of prevention tobacco diseases.This explanation, ecological carbon fertilizer has obvious impact to the disease of cigarette strain, can significantly reduce the generation of tobacco diseases.This may be because ecological carbon fertilizer contains various plants nutritive element, and can control fertilizer release rate, makes it to be close with tobacco absorption rate, is conducive to tobacco health and grows vigorously, and enhances disease resistance.
4, ecological carbon fertilizer on the impact of Root Growth in Tobacco in table 6:
The root growth and development situation of cigarette strain, the aerial growth that directly affects cigarette strain is grown.Two places test-results all shows, uses ecological carbon fertilizer, the heavy obviously increase of root of cigarette strain, and root quantity and root length all obviously increase.
Shown by table 6, use ecological carbon fertilizer, the improving activity of root system of cigarette strain obviously strengthens.Jiaxian County tobacco growing on July 3 enters prosperous long-term, and continuous cropping 2 years and continuous cropping cigarette strain for many years improving activity of root system measurement result all show, ecological carbon is fertile, and to process cigarette strain improving activity of root system all high than contrast; Yiyang tobacco growing on July 20 enters prosperous long-term cigarette strain improving activity of root system measurement result and has shown same rule.This explanation, uses ecological carbon fertilizer, can promote growing of cigarette strain root system, can significantly improve cigarette strain improving activity of root system.The increase of cigarette strain root quantity, the increase of biomass, the improvement of growth and development state and the raising of vigor, strengthen cigarette strain absorbing soil moisture and nutrient, support growing of overground part, for improving yield of tobacco, improve quality of tobacco and created superior condition.
4, ecological carbon fertilizer on the impact of yield of tobacco in table 7:
Two places test-results shows, tobacco is used the fertile plot experiment result of ecological carbon and checks through F, and district's group difference does not reach conspicuous level (between district's group, F value is less than 1), shows that between repetition, volume variance is little, and for trying, plot soil fertility is even; Between processing, difference reaches significant difference level (between processing, F value is greater than F0.05), and continuous cropping 2 years vega B in Jiaxian County process output a little less than contrast, and C processes output higher than contrast, volume increase 6.6kg, and stimulation ratio is 3.7%; Continuous cropping for many years vega B is processed output a little less than contrast, and C processes output apparently higher than contrast, volume increase 8.9kg, and stimulation ratio is 6.6%.Yiyang has experimental field shown identical rule equally, wherein 2 years vegas of continuous cropping and continuous cropping for many years vega C process output respectively than contrast volume increase 22.2kg and 20kg, stimulation ratio is respectively 15.6% and 23.1%.This explanation ecological carbon fertilizer can replace cake fertilizer to use as base manure, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, and has certain production-increasing function.
Claims (4)
1. a crop ecological carbon fertilizer, is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 80～95 and wood vinegar 5～15.
2. crop according to claim 1 ecological carbon fertilizer, is characterized in that: in described wood vinegar, the content of wood vinegar is 50.1～50.6wt%, and the pH value of wood vinegar is 5.2～5.8.
3. the preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer for crop according to claim 1, is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
(1) collect Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, air-dry or airing makes its water content≤13wt%, then puts into 460～550 DEG C of charring furnaces and carries out charing, obtains biological black wood charcoal and mixed gas; Separating and obtain wood vinegar by condensing works after mixed gas dedusting; Biological black wood charcoal is ground, and sieving and obtaining grain graininess is 20～60 object biomass charcoals;
(2) biomass charcoal according to above-mentioned formula, step (1) being obtained and wood vinegar mix and obtain product.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described charring furnace is pond formula limit oxygen thermo-cracking charring furnace.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106612689A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-10 | 上海市农业科学院 | Peach orchard soil conditioner and application thereof |
| CN107541227A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-01-05 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of technique for preparing charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal co-production pyrolkigneous liquid |
| CN109111327A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-01 | 唐山赫潼生物质能源开发有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer as bottom application |
| CN111187119A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-05-22 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Leaf fertilizer for improving disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN111187118A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-22 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for preparing carbon-based fertilizer by using perishable garbage as raw material and application |
| CN111684971A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-22 | 茂县天赐农业科技有限公司 | Green prevention and control method for soil-borne diseases |
| CN111771653A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-10-16 | 昆明学院 | Tobacco planting soil improvement and conservation method for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes |
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| CN107541227A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-01-05 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of technique for preparing charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal co-production pyrolkigneous liquid |
| CN107541227B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2020-11-10 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | Process for preparing high-quality biomass charcoal for charcoal-based fertilizer and co-producing pyroligneous liquor |
| CN109111327A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-01 | 唐山赫潼生物质能源开发有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer as bottom application |
| CN111187118A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-22 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for preparing carbon-based fertilizer by using perishable garbage as raw material and application |
| WO2021169152A1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-09-02 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for preparing carbon-based fertilizer using perishable waste as raw material, and application |
| CN111187119A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-05-22 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Leaf fertilizer for improving disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN111771653A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-10-16 | 昆明学院 | Tobacco planting soil improvement and conservation method for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes |
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