KR100808458B1 - 탈황 및 이를 위한 흡착제 - Google Patents
탈황 및 이를 위한 흡착제 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100808458B1 KR100808458B1 KR1020027013609A KR20027013609A KR100808458B1 KR 100808458 B1 KR100808458 B1 KR 100808458B1 KR 1020027013609 A KR1020027013609 A KR 1020027013609A KR 20027013609 A KR20027013609 A KR 20027013609A KR 100808458 B1 KR100808458 B1 KR 100808458B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- present
- range
- amount
- sulfur
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- -1 Desulfurization Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012492 regenerant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 47
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 46
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 6
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012702 metal oxide precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(chloromethyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=NC(CCl)=CS1 MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000640882 Condea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- WOLATMHLPFJRGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione;styrene Chemical class O=C1OC(=O)C=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WOLATMHLPFJRGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008427 organic disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010951 particle size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019983 sodium metaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
- Y10S502/514—Process applicable either to preparing or to regenerating or to rehabilitating catalyst or sorbent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
- Y10S502/515—Specific contaminant removal
- Y10S502/517—Sulfur or sulfur compound removal
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
사이클 | 1 | 2 |
황 PPM | 10 | 5 |
황 PPM | 20 | 20 |
황 PPM | 25 | 15 |
황 PPM | 20 | 15 |
15% 니켈 흡착제 시스템을 사용하는 분해-가솔린내 황 ppm | |||||
사이클 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
황 ppm | 5 | 5 | 10 | <5 | 5 |
황 ppm | 5 | 5 | 5 | <5 | <5 |
황 ppm | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | <5 |
황 ppm | <5 | <5 |
30% 니켈 흡착제 시스템을 사용하는 분해-가솔린내 황 ppm | |||||
사이클 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
황 ppm | <5 | <5 | <5 | 5 | <5 |
황 ppm | <5 | <5 | 10 | 5 | 5 |
황 ppm | <5 | 5 | <5 | <5 | 5 |
Claims (35)
- (a) 아연 옥사이드;(b) 팽창된 펄라이트;(c) 알루미나; 및(d) 촉진제 금속으로 이루어지며, 여기서 (a), (b), 및 (c)는 서포트를 형성하고 촉진제 금속은 0가 상태로 존재하는, 분해-가솔린 및 디젤 연료로부터 원소황 또는 황화합물의 제거에 적당한 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 촉진제 금속이 니켈, 코발트, 철, 망간, 구리, 아연, 몰리브덴, 텅스텐, 은, 안티몬, 및 바나듐으로 이루어지는 그룹으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 금속인 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 촉진제 금속이 1.0 내지 60 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하는 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 3 항에 있어서, 흡착제 서포트의 중량을 기준으로, 아연 옥사이드가 10 내지 90 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하고, 팽창된 펄라이트가 10 내지 40 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하며, 알루미나는 5 내지 20 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하는 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 흡착제 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로, 아연 옥사이드가 48.3 wt%의 양으로 존재하고, 팽창된 펄라이트가 12.1 wt%의 양으로 존재하며, 알루미나는 9.6 wt%의 양으로 존재하며, 촉진제 금속은 30 wt%의 양으로 존재하는 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 촉진제 금속이 니켈인 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 촉진제 금속이 코발트인 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 촉진제 금속이 니켈과 코발트의 혼합물인 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 팽창된 펄라이트가 제분된 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 조성물이 과립, 압출물, 태블릿, 스피어, 펠렛, 또는 마이크로스피어 중 일 형태의 미립자인 흡착제 조성물.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 미립자가 마이크로스피어인 흡착제 조성물.
- (a) 아연 옥사이드, 팽창된 펄라이트 및 알루미나를 혼합하여 이들의 혼합물을 형성하고;(b) 생성되는 혼합물을 미립자화하여 이들의 미립자를 형성하며;(c) 단계 (b)의 미립자를 건조시키며;(d) 단계 (c)의 건조된 미립자를 하소시켜 서포트를 형성하고;(e) 단계 (d)의 생성되는 하소된 미립자를 촉진제 금속 또는 촉진제 금속 함유 화합물로 함침시키며;(f) 단계 (e)의 함침된 미립자를 건조시키며;(g) 단계 (f)의 건조된 미립자를 하소시킨 다음;(h) 단계 (g)의 생성되는 하소된 미립자를 환원 조건하에 환원시켜, 그 안에서 0가 상태의 촉진제 금속을 갖는 미립자 조성물을 생성함을 포함하는, 분해-가솔린 또는 디젤 연료 스트림으로부터 원소황 또는 황화합물의 제거에 적당한 흡착제 조성물의 제조 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 혼합물이 습윤 혼합물, 도우, 페이스트, 또는 슬러리 중 일 형태인 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 미립자가 과립, 압출물, 태블릿, 스피어, 펠렛, 또는 마이크로스피어 중 일 형태인 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 미립자가 단계 (a)의 혼합물을 분무 건조시킴으로써 형성되는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 아연 옥사이드가 흡착제 서포트 성분의 10 내지 90 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하고, 팽창된 펄라이트가 10 내지 40 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하며, 알루미나는 1 내지 20 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 니켈, 코발트, 철, 망간, 구리, 아연, 몰리브덴, 텅스텐, 은, 주석, 안티몬, 및 바나듐으로 이루어지는 그룹으로부터 선택된 촉진제 금속 또는 촉진제 금속 화합물로 미립자를 함침시키는 방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서, 촉진제 금속이 흡착제 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로 1.0 내지 60 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 미립자를 65.5 내지 176.6℃ (150 내지 350℉) 범위의 온도에서, 단계 (c) 및 (f)에서 건조시키는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 건조된 미립자를 204.4 내지 815.5℃ (400 내지 1500 ℉) 범위의 온도에서, 단계 (d) 및 (g)에서 하소시키는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 아연 옥사이드가 40 내지 80 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하고, 팽창된 펄라이트가 1 내지 30 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하며, 알루미나는 1.0 내지 20 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하며, 촉진제는 10 내지 30 wt% 범위의 양으로 존재하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 아연 옥사이드가 서포트의 중량을 기준으로 69 wt%의 양으로 존재하고, 팽창된 펄라이트가 17.25 wt%의 양으로 존재하며, 알루미나가 13.75 wt%의 양으로 존재하는 방법.
- 제 22 항에 있어서, 촉진제가 니켈이며 흡착제 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로 12 wt%의 양으로 존재하는 방법.
- 제 19 항에 있어서, 촉진제가 니켈이며 흡착제 조성물의 총 중량을 기준으로 30 wt%의 양으로 존재하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 37.7 내지 815.5℃ (100 내지 1500 ℉) 범위의 온도 및 103.3 kPa 내지 10.33 Mpa (15 내지 1500 psia) 범위의 압력에서 원하는 감소된-원자가 촉진제의 형성을 허용하기에 충분한 시간 동안에 촉진제 금속의 환원을 수행하는 방법.
- 제 12 항 내지 제 25 항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법의 흡착제 산물.
- (a) 아연 옥사이드, 팽창된 펄라이트, 알루미나, 및 촉진제 금속을 포함하며, 여기서 촉진제 금속은 0가 상태인, 흡착제 조성물과 스트림을 접촉시키고;(b) 생성되는 탈황된 유체 스트림을 황화된 흡착제로부터 분리하며;(c) 재생 지역내 분리된 황화된 흡착제의 적어도 일부를 재생시켜 흡수된 황의 적어도 일부를 제거하며;(d) 생성되는 탈황된 흡착제를 활성화 지역내에서 환원시켜, 촉진제 금속이 0가 상태가 되도록 한 다음;(e) 생성되는 탈황되고, 환원된 흡착제의 적어도 일부를 탈황 지역으로 되돌리는 것을 포함하는, 분해-가솔린 또는 디젤 연료의 스트림으로부터 원소황 또는 황화합물의 제거 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 탈황을 37.7 내지 537.7℃ (100 내지 1000 ℉) 범위의 온도 및 103.3 kPa 내지 10.33 MPa (15 내지 1500 psia) 범위의 압력에서 스트림으로부터 황 제거를 달성하기에 충분한 시간 동안 수행하는 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 재생을 37.7 내지 815.5 ℃ (100 내지 1500 ℉) 범위의 온도 및 68.9 kPa 내지 10.33 MPa(10 내지 1500 psia) 범위의 압력에서 황화된 흡착제로부터 황의 적어도 일부의 제거를 달성하기에 충분한 시간 동안 수행하는 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 재생 지역내 재생제로서 공기가 사용되는 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 재생된 흡착제를 37.7 내지 815.5℃ (100 내지 1500 ℉) 범위의 온도 및 103.3 kPa 내지 10.33 MPa (15 내지 1500 psia) 범위의 압력에서 흡착제의 촉진제 금속 함량의 원자가의 실질적 감소를 달성하기에 충분한 시간 동안 유지되는 수소화 지역에서 수소로 환원시키는 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 분리된 황화된 흡착제를 재생 지역으로 도입하기 전에 스트리핑하는 방법.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, 재생된 흡착제를 활성화 지역에 도입하기 전에 스트리핑하는 방법.
- 삭제
- 삭제
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US09/580,611 | 2000-05-30 | ||
US09/580,611 US6429170B1 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | Sorbents for desulfurizing gasolines and diesel fuel |
PCT/US2001/017619 WO2001091899A1 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2001-05-29 | Desulfurization and sorbents for same |
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EP (1) | EP1315560B1 (ko) |
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