JPWO2018051941A1 - 硬化性組成物、硬化物及び硬化物の製造方法 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物、硬化物及び硬化物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018051941A1 JPWO2018051941A1 JP2018539700A JP2018539700A JPWO2018051941A1 JP WO2018051941 A1 JPWO2018051941 A1 JP WO2018051941A1 JP 2018539700 A JP2018539700 A JP 2018539700A JP 2018539700 A JP2018539700 A JP 2018539700A JP WO2018051941 A1 JPWO2018051941 A1 JP WO2018051941A1
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
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Abstract
Description
下記一般式(I)で表される化合物と、不飽和一塩基酸とをエステル化させた構造を有する不飽和化合物、又は
下記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物と不飽和一塩基酸とをエステル化させた構造を有する不飽和化合物に、更に多塩基酸無水物をエステル化させた構造を有する不飽和化合物である上記[1]又は[2]に記載の硬化性組成物。
Mで表される基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子で置換される場合があり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7及びR8(以下、R1〜R8とも記載)はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基又はハロゲン原子を表し、
R1〜R8で表される基中のメチレン基は、酸素が隣り合わない条件で−O−に置換される場合もあり、
nは0〜10の数であり、
nが0以外の場合、複数存在するR1〜R8及びMは、それぞれ、同一である場合も、異なる場合もある。)
R10、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、R23、R24、R25、R26、R27、R28、R29、R30、R31、R32、R33、R34、R35、R36、R37及びR38(以下、R10〜R38とも記載)は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基、複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基、又はハロゲン原子を表し、
R10〜R38で表される基中のメチレン基は、酸素が隣り合わない条件で−O−又は−S−に置換される場合があり、
R10とR11、R11とR12、R12とR13、R13とR14、R22とR15、R15とR16、R30とR23、R23とR24、R24とR25、R38とR31、R31とR32、R32とR33、R34とR35、R35とR36及びR36とR37は結合して環を形成する場合があり、
式中の*は、これらの式で表される基が、*部分で、隣接する基と結合することを意味する。)
R41及びR42で表される炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、ビニル基、ビニルエーテル基、メルカプト基、イソシアネート基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基で置換される場合があり、
R41及びR42で表される基中のメチレン基は−O−、−CO−、−COO−、−OCO−、−NR43−、−NR43CO−、−S−、−CS−、−SO2−、−SCO−、−COS−、−OCS−又はCSO−で置換される場合もあり、
R43は、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基を表し、
mは0又は1を表し、
式中の*は、これらの式で表される基が、*部分で、隣接する基と結合することを意味する。)
本発明の硬化性組成物に用いられるシリカ粒子(A)は、平均粒径が50nm以下の湿式シリカからなる粒子である。湿式シリカとは、液体中で合成される非晶質の二酸化ケイ素である。本発明の硬化性組成物に用いられるシリカ粒子(A)は、例えば、ケイ酸ナトリウムを無機酸で中和する沈殿法又はゲル法、或いはアルコキシシランを加水分解するゾルゲル法等で得られる。
本発明において、重合性化合物や溶剤に対して分散性が良いことから、湿式シリカの中でも特にコロイダル分散されたシリカ粒子が好ましく、同様の観点から表面処理シリカが好ましい。
また、シリカ粒子(A)に含まれると好ましくない金属としては、鉄、ナトリウム、チタン、アルミニウム、カリウム、カルシウム、ジルコニウム及びマグネシウムが挙げられる。シリカ粒子(A)における金属含有量は、好ましくは1000ppm以下、より好ましくは100ppm以下、更に好ましくは1ppm以下である。
例えば厚さ1〜3μmの硬化物を形成する場合には、上記シリカ粒子(A)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、上記着色剤(D)100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.1〜70質量部、より好ましくは0.5〜50質量部であり、更に好ましくは、5〜20質量部である。
本発明の硬化性組成物に用いられる重合性化合物(B)は、ラジカル重合、カチオン重合及びアニオン重合等の重合性を有する化合物であり、反応性が良く、重合性化合物の種類が多いことからラジカル重合性化合物及びカチオン重合性化合物を好ましく用いることができる。
炭素原子数1〜6のアルキレン基としては、Mで表される炭素原子数1〜20のアルキレン基として例示したものの中の、炭素原子数1〜6のものが挙げられる。
上記多塩基酸無水物としては、例えば、ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水コハク酸、無水マレイン酸、トリメリット酸無水物、ピロメリット酸無水物、2,2'−3,3'−ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸無水物、エチレングリコールビスアンヒドロトリメリテート、グリセロールトリスアンヒドロトリメリテート、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、ナジック酸無水物、メチルナジック酸無水物、トリアルキルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、5−(2,5−ジオキソテトラヒドロフリル)−3−メチル−3−シクロヘキセン−1,2−ジカルボン酸無水物、トリアルキルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸−無水マレイン酸付加物、ドデセニル無水コハク酸及び無水メチルハイミック酸等が挙げられる。
即ち、上記エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基1個に対し、上記不飽和一塩基酸のカルボキシル基が0.1〜1.0個で付加させた構造を有するエポキシ付加物において、該エポキシ付加物の水酸基1個に対し、上記多塩基酸無水物の多塩基酸無水物構造が0.1〜1.0個となる比率となるようにするのが好ましい。
上記エポキシ化合物、上記不飽和一塩基酸及び上記多塩基酸無水物の反応例を下記に示すが、本発明は、下記反応スキーム1に限定されるものではない。
具体的には、例えば、上記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物として1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダンを、不飽和一塩基酸としてアクリル酸を多塩基酸無水物としてビフタル酸無水物を選択してなる生成物、
上記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物として1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダンを、不飽和一塩基酸としてアクリル酸を多塩基酸無水物としてテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸を選択してなる生成物、
上記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物として1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダンを、不飽和一塩基酸としてアクリル酸を多塩基酸としてフタル酸無水物を選択してなる生成物、
上記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物として1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダンを、不飽和一塩基酸としてアクリル酸を多塩基酸無水物としてビフタル酸無水物およびテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸を選択してなる生成物及び
上記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物として1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕−3−フェニルインダンを、不飽和一塩基酸としてアクリル酸を多塩基酸無水物としてビフタル酸無水物及びテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸を選択してなる生成物等が挙げられる。
また、上記酸価を有する化合物は、更に単官能又は多官能エポキシ化合物を反応させることにより酸価調整してから用いることもできる。上記酸価を有する化合物の酸価を調整することにより、硬化性組成物のアルカリ現像性を改良することができる。上記酸価を有する化合物(即ちアルカリ現像性を付与するラジカル重合性を有する重合性化合物)は、固形分の酸価が5〜120mgKOH/gの範囲であることが好ましく、単官能又は多官能エポキシ化合物の使用量は、上記酸価を満たすように選択するのが好ましい。
上記ビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物としては、上記一般式(I)で表されるビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物を用いることができる他、例えば、水添ビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物等のビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物も用いることができる。
また上記グリシジルエーテル類としては、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、1,4−ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,6−ヘキサンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,8−オクタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,10−デカンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、2,2−ジメチル−1,3−プロパンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ヘキサエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテル、1,1,1−トリ(グリシジルオキシメチル)プロパン、1,1,1−トリ(グリシジルオキシメチル)エタン、1,1,1−トリ(グリシジルオキシメチル)メタン及び1,1,1,1−テトラ(グリシジルオキシメチル)メタン等を用いることができる。
その他、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ化合物、ビフェニルノボラック型エポキシ化合物、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ化合物、ビスフェノールAノボラック型エポキシ化合物、ジシクロペンタジエンノボラック型エポキシ化合物等のノボラック型エポキシ化合物;3,4−エポキシ−6−メチルシクロヘキシルメチル−3,4−エポキシ−6−メチルシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル−3,4−エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート及び1−エポキシエチル−3,4−エポキシシクロヘキサン等の脂環式エポキシ化合物;フタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、テトラヒドロフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル及びダイマー酸グリシジルエステル等のグリシジルエステル類;テトラグリシジルジアミノジフェニルメタン、トリグリシジルP−アミノフェノール及びN,N−ジグリシジルアニリン等のグリシジルアミン類;1,3−ジグリシジル−5,5−ジメチルヒダントイン及びトリグリシジルイソシアヌレート等の複素環式エポキシ化合物;ジシクロペンタジエンジオキシド等のジオキシド化合物;ナフタレン型エポキシ化合物;トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ化合物及びジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ化合物等を用いることもできる。
例えば厚さ1〜3μmの硬化膜を形成する場合には、重合性化合物(B)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、シリカ粒子(A)、重合性化合物(B)及び重合開始剤(C)の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは、10〜70質量部、より好ましくは、30〜60質量部であり、更に好ましくは、30〜50質量部である。
本発明の硬化性組成物に用いられる重合開始剤(C)としては、従来既知のラジカル重合開始剤及びカチオン重合開始剤を用いることが可能である。
R51及びR52は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、シアノ基、炭素原子数1〜20のアルキル基、炭素原子数6〜20のアリール基、炭素原子数7〜20のアリールアルキル基又は炭素原子数2〜20の複素環基を表し、
X1は、酸素原子、硫黄原子、セレン原子、CR53R54、CO、NR55又はPR56を表し、
R51〜R56は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基を表し、R53〜R56で表される基中の水素原子は、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアン基、水酸基、カルボキシル基又は複素環基で置換される場合もあり、
R51〜R56で表される基中のメチレン基は、酸素が隣り合わない条件で−O−に置換される場合もあり、
R51〜R56は、それぞれ独立に、隣接するどちらかのベンゼン環と一緒になって環を形成する場合もあり、
gは、0〜5の数を表し、
hは、0〜4の数を表す。)
一般式(III)中のハロゲン原子は、上記一般式(I)中のハロゲン原子と同様である。
[A]r+[B]r−
で表される陽イオンと陰イオンの塩を挙げることができる。
[(R58)eQ]r+
で表すことができる。
[LXf−1(OH)]r−
で表される構造のものも好ましく用いることができる。L,X,fは上記と同様である。また、その他用いることのできる陰イオンとしては、過塩素酸イオン(ClO4)−、トリフルオロメチル亜硫酸イオン(CF3SO3)−、フルオロスルホン酸イオン(FSO3)−、トルエンスルホン酸陰イオン、トリニトロベンゼンスルホン酸陰イオン、カンファースルフォネート、ノナフロロブタンスルフォネート、ヘキサデカフロロオクタンスルフォネート、テトラアリールボレート及びテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート等を挙げることができる。
(1,2,3,4,5,6−η)−(1−メチルエチル)ベンゼン〕−アイアン−ヘキサフルオロホスフェート等の鉄−アレーン錯体;トリス(アセチルアセトナト)アルミニウム、トリス(エチルアセトナトアセタト)アルミニウム、トリス(サリチルアルデヒダト)アルミニウム等のアルミニウム錯体;トリフェニルシラノール等のシラノール類との混合物:等も挙げられる。
例えば厚さ1〜3μmの硬化膜を形成する場合には、重合開始剤(C)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、シリカ粒子(A)、重合性化合物(B)及び重合開始剤(C)の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは、0.3〜20質量部、より好ましくは、0.5〜10質量部であり、より好ましくは1〜5質量部である。
本発明の硬化性組成物に用いられる着色剤(D)としては、顔料及び染料を用いることができる。顔料及び染料としては、それぞれ、無機色材又は有機色材を用いることができ、これらを単独で又は2種以上を混合して用いることができる。ここで、顔料とは、後述の溶剤に不溶の着色剤を指し、無機又は有機色材の中でも溶剤に不溶であるもの、或いは無機又は有機染料をレーキ化したものも含まれる。
上記ペルオキソ二硫酸の塩としては、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、アルミニウム等の金属塩或いはアンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
ペルオキソ二硫酸或いはその塩の使用量は、カーボンブラック1質量部に対して0.5〜5質量部の範囲が好ましい。
上記スルホン化剤としては、濃硫酸、発煙硫酸、三酸化硫黄、ハロゲン化硫酸、アミド硫酸、亜硫酸水素塩、亜硫酸塩、SO3−ジオキサン錯体、SO3−ケトン錯体、スルファミン酸、スルホン化ピリジン塩等が挙げられる。
上記溶剤としては、水;硫酸、発煙硫酸、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、無水酢酸等の酸性溶剤;ピリジン、トリエチルアミン、トリメチルアミン等の塩基性溶剤;テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジエチルエーテル等のエーテル類;ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド、N−メチルピロリドン、スルホラン、ニトロメタン、アセトン、アセトニトリル、ベンゾニトリル等の極性溶剤;酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル類;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、ニトロベンゼン等の芳香族系溶剤;メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール等のアルコール系溶剤;クロロホルム、トリクロロフルオロメタン、塩化メチレン、クロロベンゼン等の塩素系溶剤等を用いることができ、これらの混合溶剤を用いてもよい。
スルホン化剤の使用量は、カーボンブラック1質量部に対して0.5〜20質量部の範囲が好ましく、複数のスルホン化剤を用いる場合はその合計量が上記範囲になるのが好ましい。
また、スルホン化反応の副反応として公知のスルホンの生成を抑制するため、反応を阻害しない範囲で公知のスルホン抑制剤、例えば脂肪酸、有機過酸、酸無水物、酢酸、ケトン等を、0.01〜5%添加してもよい。
例えば厚さ1〜3μmの硬化膜を形成する場合には、着色剤(D)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、上記重合性化合物(B)100質量部に対して、好ましくは、50〜500質量部、より好ましくは150〜350質量部であり、更に好ましくは、150〜300質量部である。
また縮合反応終了後に、前記親水性溶媒に反応混合物を溶解し、水、n−ヘキサン及びn−ヘプタン等の沈殿剤に添加することにより、ノボラック樹脂を析出させ、析出物を分離し、加熱乾燥することにより回収することもできる。
また、これら無機化合物は、例えば、充填剤、反射防止剤、導電剤、安定剤、難燃剤、機械的強度向上剤、特殊波長吸収剤及び撥インク剤等としても好適に用いられる。
(2)該塗膜にパターン形状を有するマスクを介して活性光を照射する工程
(3)硬化後の被膜を現像液(特にアルカリ現像液)にて現像する工程
(4)現像後の該被膜を加熱する工程
液晶表示パネルなどに用いるカラーフィルタの製造は、本発明又はそれ以外の硬化性組成物を用いて、上記(1)〜(4)の工程を繰り返し行い、2色以上のパターンを組み合わせて作成することができる。
即ち本発明の硬化性組成物をガラス基板(10cm×10cm)にスピン塗布し、100℃にて100秒間加熱することにより、ガラス基板の表面に1.0μmの塗布膜を形成させた。その後、マイクロテック社製プロキシミティ露光機を使用し、1−20μmのパターンの形成されたネガ型マスクを介して、露光量40mJ/cm2(Gap100μm)で露光させた。露光後の膜を、23℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液で40秒間現像後、230℃にて30分間焼成処理を行なう。
1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダン184g、アクリル酸58g、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−p−クレゾール0.26g、テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウムブロミド0.11g及びPGMEA105gを仕込み、120℃で16時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、PGMEA160g、ビフタル酸無水物59g及びテトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウムブロミド0.24gを加えて、120℃で4時間撹拌した。更に、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸20gを加え、120℃で4時間、100℃で3時間、80℃で4時間、60℃で6時間、40℃で11時間撹拌した後、PGMEA128gを加えて、重合性化合物No.1のPGMEA溶液を得た(Mw=5000、Mn=2100、酸価(固形分)92.7mgKOH/g)。
1,1−ビス〔4−(2,3−エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダン43g、アクリル酸13.5g、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−p−クレゾール0.05g、テトラブチルアンモニウムアセテート0.11g及びPGMEA23gを仕込み、120℃で16時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却し、PGMEA35g及びビフタル酸無水物11.5gを加えて120℃で8時間撹拌した。更にテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸7.4gを加えて120℃で4時間、100℃で3時間、80℃で4時間、60℃で6時間、40℃で11時間撹拌後、PGMEA34.4gを加えて、重合性化合物No.2のPGMEA溶液を得た(Mw=4000、Mn=2100、酸価(固形分)86mgKOH/g)。
9,9−ビス(4−グリシジルオキシフェニル)フルオレン75.0g、アクリル酸23.8g、2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール0.273g、テトラブチルアンモニウムクロリド0.585g、及びPGMEA65.9gを仕込み、90℃で1時間、100℃で1時間、110℃ で1時間及び120℃ で14時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却し、無水コハク酸25.9g、テトラブチルアンモニウムクロリド0.427g、及びPGMEA1.37gを加えて、100℃で5時間撹拌した。更に、9,9−ビス(4−グリシジルオキシフェニル)フルオレン30.0g、2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール0.269g、及びPGMEA1.50gを加えて、90℃で90分、120℃ で4時間撹拌後、PGMEA122.2gを加えて、重合性化合物No.3のPGMEA溶液を得た(Mw=4190、Mn=2170,酸価(固形分)52mg・KOH/g)
MA100(三菱化学社製カーボンブラック)150g及びペルオキソ2硫酸ナトリウム脱イオン水溶液(濃度2.0N)3000mlを混合し、60℃で10時間撹拌した。ろ過し、得られたスラリーを水酸化ナトリウムで中和し、ダイアフィルトレーションにより処理し、得られた固体を75℃で一晩乾燥し、黒色粉末としてカーボンブラックNo.1を得た。
MA100(三菱化学社製カーボンブラック)150g及びスルホラン400mlを混合し、アミド硫酸15gを添加して140〜150℃で10時間撹拌した。得られたスラリーを水酸化リチウムで中和し、ダイアフィルトレーションにより処理し、得られた固体を75℃で一晩乾燥し、黒色粉末としてカーボンブラックNo.2を得た。
カーボンブラックNo.1を16g、重合性化合物No.1のPGMEA溶液を3.6g、DISPERBYK−161(ビックケミー製、分散剤)を2.4g及びPGMEAを78g、それぞれ秤量して合わせ、ビーズミルにより処理して、カーボンブラック分散液No.1を得た。
カーボンブラックNo.2を16g、重合性化合物No.1のPGMEA溶液を3.6g、DISPERBYK−161を2.4g及びPGMEAを78g、それぞれ秤量して合わせ、ビーズミルにより処理して、カーボンブラック分散液No.2を得た。
[表2]〜[表4]の配合に従って各成分を混合し、硬化性組成物(実施例1〜16及び比較例1〜4)を得た。尚、表中の配合の数値は質量部を表す。
また、表中の各成分の符号は、下記の成分を表す。
A−1 PL−2L−PGME (コロイダルシリカ;扶桑化学社製)
A−2 YA010C−LDI (コロイダルシリカ;アドマテックス社製)
A−3 PMA−ST (コロイダルシリカ;日産化学社製)
A−4 YA050C−LHI (コロイダルシリカ;アドマテックス社製)
A−5 YA010C−SP3 (粉末シリカ;アドマテックス社製)
A’−1 AEROSIL 100 (粉末シリカ;アエロジル社製)
A’−2 AEROSIL OX−50 (粉末シリカ;アエロジル社製)
A’−3 SC2050−MB (コロイダルシリカ;アドマテックス社製)
B−1 重合性化合物No.1のPGMEA溶液 (固形分 45wt%)
B−2 重合性化合物No.2のPGMEA溶液 (固形分 45wt%)
B−3 重合性化合物No.3のPGMEA溶液 (固形分 45wt%)
B−4 カヤラッドDPHA (重合性化合物;日本化薬社製)
C−1 化合物No.C1
C−2 化合物No.C2
D−1 カーボンブラック分散液 No.1
D−2 カーボンブラック分散液 No.2
E−1 PGMEA
F−1 KBM−403 (カップリング剤;信越化学社製)
実施例1〜16で得られた硬化性組成物No.1〜No.16及び比較例1〜4で得られた比較硬化性組成物No.1〜No.4について、下記のようにして最小密着線幅、表面粗さRa、体積抵抗率、テーパー角及びOD値の評価を行った。結果を[表5]〜[表7]に示す。
硬化性組成物をガラス基板(10cm×10cm)にスピン塗布し、100℃にて100秒間加熱することにより、ガラス基板の表面に1.0μmの塗布膜を形成させた。その後、マイクロテック社製プロキシミティ露光機を使用し、1−20μmのパターンの形成されたネガ型マスクを介して、露光量40mJ/cm2(Gap100μm)で露光させた。露光後の膜を、23℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液で40秒間現像後、230℃にて30分間焼成処理を行なった。光学顕微鏡を観察し、ガラス基板上に残存した最小のフォトマスクパターンを最小密着線幅とした。最小密着線幅が6μm以下であれば高精細である。一方、7μm以上の場合高精細とはいえない。
硬化性組成物をガラス基板(10cm×10cm)にスピン塗布し、100℃にて100秒間加熱することにより、ガラス基板の表面に1.0μmの塗布膜を形成させた。その後、230℃にて30分間焼成処理を行なった。アルバック社表面段差計(DEKTAK
6M)を利用し、膜の表面粗さRaを測定した。表面粗さRaが100Å以下であれば、着色剤とシリカがよく分散されていることを示し、表面がなめらかとなり、充分な遮光性が得られる。一方、100Å以上の場合、着色剤とシリカがよく分散されておらず表面が荒れてしまい、充分な遮光性(OD値)が得られない。
クロムスパッタされた基板に硬化性組成物の厚さが4μmとなるようにスピンコーティングし、プレベイクとして110℃にて2分焼成した後、光源として高圧水銀ランプを用い100mJ/cm2で露光し、次いでポストベイクとして230℃にて180分焼成して硬化物を作成した。硬化物の上に白金電極をスパッタ処理により作成した。クロム部位と白金電極に導線をつけ、抵抗測定器をつなげて体積抵抗率の測定を行った。単位はΩ・cmである。
体積抵抗率が1010Ω・cm以上の硬化物はIPS液晶ディスプレイのカラーフィルタ用高抵抗ブラックマトリクスとして使用することができ、体積抵抗率が1011Ω・cm以上の硬化物はブラックマトリクスとしてより好ましく使用することができる。
基板上に上記硬化性組成物又は比較硬化性組成物をスピンコート(1300rpm、50秒間)し乾燥させた後、100℃で100秒間プリベークを行った。光源として超高圧水銀ランプを用いて100mJ/cm2で露光後した後、230℃で30分間ベークして硬化物を作成した。得られた膜のOD値を、マクベス透過濃度計を用いて測定し、該OD値をポストベイク後の厚さで割って、厚さあたりのOD値を算出した。
厚さあたりのOD値が3.0以上の硬化物はブラックマトリクスとして使用することができ、厚さあたりのOD値が3.5以上の硬化物はブラックマトリクスとして好ましく使用することができる。
硬化性組成物をガラス基板(10cm×10cm)に硬化性組成物をスピン塗布し、100℃にて100秒間加熱することにより、ガラス基板の表面に1.0μmの塗布膜を形成させた。その後、マイクロテック社製プロキシミティ露光機を使用し、6μmのパターンの形成されたネガ型マスクを介して、露光量40mJ/cm2(Gap100μm)で露光させた。露光後の膜を、23℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液で40秒間現像後、230℃にて30分間焼成処理を行い、走査電子顕微鏡にてパターンと基板との間の接合角度(テーパー角)を測定した。このテーパー角は、下記に示す図1の(a)及び(b)における角θに対応する。(a)テーパー角が鋭角の場合、パターンにアンダーカットが存在しないことを意味し、(b)テーパー角が鈍角の場合、パターンにアンダーカットが存在することを意味する。パターンにアンダーカットが存在すると表示不良が起きる場合があるので好ましくない。テーパー角が70〜90°の場合、得られる硬化物のパターンが高精細になることから良好である。
Claims (8)
- 平均粒径が50nm以下の湿式シリカ粒子(A)、重合性化合物(B)、重合開始剤(C)及び着色剤(D)を含有する硬化性組成物。
- 上記湿式シリカ粒子(A)中の金属の含有量が1000ppm以下である請求項1に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 重合性化合物(B)が下記一般式(I)で表される化合物、
下記一般式(I)で表される化合物と、不飽和一塩基酸とをエステル化させた構造を有する不飽和化合物、又は
下記一般式(I)で表されるエポキシ化合物と不飽和一塩基酸とをエステル化させた構造を有する不飽和化合物に、更に多塩基酸無水物をエステル化させた構造を有する不飽和化合物である請求項1又は2に記載の硬化性組成物。
Mで表される基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子で置換される場合があり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7及びR8(以下、R1〜R8とも記載)はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基又はハロゲン原子を表し、
R1〜R8で表される基中のメチレン基は、酸素が隣り合わない条件で−O−に置換される場合もあり、
nは0〜10の数であり、
nが0以外の場合、複数存在するR1〜R8及びMは、それぞれ、同一である場合も、異なる場合もある。)
R10、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、R23、R24、R25、R26、R27、R28、R29、R30、R31、R32、R33、R34、R35、R36、R37及びR38(以下、R10〜R38とも記載)は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基、複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基、又はハロゲン原子を表し、
R10〜R38で表される基中のメチレン基は、酸素が隣り合わない条件で−O−又は−S−に置換される場合があり、
R10とR11、R11とR12、R12とR13、R13とR14、R22とR15、R15とR16、R30とR23、R23とR24、R24とR25、R38とR31、R31とR32、R32とR33、R34とR35、R35とR36及びR36とR37は結合して環を形成する場合があり、
式中の*は、これらの式で表される基が、*部分で、隣接する基と結合することを意味する。) - 重合開始剤(C)が、下記一般式(II)で表される基を有する化合物である請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
R41及びR42で表される炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、ビニル基、ビニルエーテル基、メルカプト基、イソシアネート基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2〜20の基で置換される場合があり、
R41及びR42で表される基中のメチレン基は−O−、−CO−、−COO−、−OCO−、−NR43−、−NR43CO−、−S−、−CS−、−SO2−、−SCO−、−COS−、−OCS−又はCSO−で置換される場合もあり、
R43は、水素原子、炭素原子数1〜20の炭化水素基を表し、
mは0又は1を表し、
式中の*は、これらの式で表される基が、*部分で、隣接する基と結合することを意味する。) - 上記着色剤(D)が黒色顔料である請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の硬化性組成物を用いた硬化物の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の硬化性組成物の硬化物。
- 請求項7に記載の硬化物を含有するカラーフィルタ。
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JP2013195697A (ja) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-09-30 | Fujifilm Corp | 着色感光性組成物、カラーフィルタ、カラーフィルタの製造方法、および液晶表示装置 |
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JP7043142B2 (ja) | 2022-03-29 |
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CN109476773B (zh) | 2022-05-13 |
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