JPWO2013133181A1 - 熱伝導性樹脂成形体および当該熱伝導性樹脂成形体の製造方法 - Google Patents
熱伝導性樹脂成形体および当該熱伝導性樹脂成形体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2013133181A1 JPWO2013133181A1 JP2014503822A JP2014503822A JPWO2013133181A1 JP WO2013133181 A1 JPWO2013133181 A1 JP WO2013133181A1 JP 2014503822 A JP2014503822 A JP 2014503822A JP 2014503822 A JP2014503822 A JP 2014503822A JP WO2013133181 A1 JPWO2013133181 A1 JP WO2013133181A1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005730 thiophenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
- B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
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- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
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- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0013—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fillers dispersed in the moulding material, e.g. metal particles
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- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
- B29K2105/0047—Agents changing thermal characteristics
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- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/16—Fillers
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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- B29K2995/0013—Conductive
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Abstract
Description
配向度α=(360°−ΣW)/360° ...(1)
(ただし、Wは広角X線散乱測定における、樹脂分子鎖間の散乱ピークの方位角方向の0〜360°までの強度分布における半値幅を表す。)
配向度α=(360°−ΣW)/360° ...(1)
(ただし、Wは広角X線散乱測定における、樹脂分子鎖間の散乱ピークの方位角方向の0〜360°までの強度分布における半値幅を表す。)
樹脂分子鎖の厚み方向への配向およびその配向度αは、樹脂成形体の広角X線散乱測定(透過)によって確認され、求められる。配向度αを求めるには、まず樹脂成形体の測定したい部位をxyz空間に置いた際に、1mm径のX線ビームを測定部位の中心に対しx、y、zの3方向から照射して透過させる。樹脂分子鎖が樹脂成形体の厚み方向に配向している場合には、面内方向に対し平行にX線を照射した2つ測定結果で、2θ=20度付近において面内方向の方位角上に散乱ピークが観測される。一方、樹脂分子鎖が無配向状態の場合は方位角360度全体に亘りリングのように散乱ピークが観測される。この2θ=20度付近の位置に確認されるピークは、樹脂分子鎖間の距離を表す。この2θの値はポリマーの構造、樹脂組成物の原料配合の違いによって、15〜30度の範囲となる場合もある。この2θの値を固定して、さらに方位角方向に0度から360度までの強度を測定することにより、方位角方向の強度分布が得られる。この方位角方向の強度分布において、ピーク高さの半分の位置における幅(半値幅W)を求める。この半値幅Wを上記(1)式に代入することによって配向度αを算出する。(1)式のΣWとは、方位角方向の強度分布における複数のピークのそれぞれの半値幅Wの総和を意味する。本発明の樹脂成形体の樹脂分子鎖の厚み方向への配向度αは0.6以上1.0未満の範囲であり、好ましくは0.65以上1.0未満であり、より好ましくは0.7以上1.0未満である。配向度αが0.6未満の場合は樹脂成形体の熱伝導率が低くなる。
−A1−x−A2−OCO(CH2)mCOO− ...(2)
(式中、A1およびA2は、各々独立して芳香族基、縮合芳香族基、脂環基および脂環式複素環基からなる群から選ばれる置換基を示す。xは、直接結合、−O−、−S−、−CH2−CH2−、−C=C−、−C=C(Me)−、−C≡C−、−CO−O−、−CO−NH−、−CH=N−、−CH=N−N=CH−、−N=N−および−N(O)=N−からなる群から選ばれる2価の置換基を示す。mは2〜20の整数を示す。)
ここで主としてとは、樹脂分子鎖の主鎖中に含まれる一般式(2)に示す構造の量が、樹脂の全構成単位に対して50mol%以上であり、好ましくは70mol%以上であり、より好ましくは90mol%以上であり、最も好ましくは実質的に100mol%であることをいう。50mol%未満の場合は、分子構造の乱れから高熱伝導性を示さない場合がある。一般式(2)に示す樹脂の構造は、同一分子中に棒状で剛直なメソゲン基と柔軟性基を持つことが特徴であり、ここでは−A1−x−A2−がメソゲン基に相当し、−(CH2)m−が柔軟性基に相当する。
配向度α=(360°−ΣW)/360° ...(1)
(ただし、Wは広角X線散乱測定における、樹脂分子鎖間の散乱ピークの方位角方向の0〜360°までの強度分布における半値幅を表す。)
2)前記樹脂成形体の体積の50%以上が厚み1.5mm以下であることを特徴とする1)に記載の樹脂成形体。
−A1−x−A2−OCO(CH2)mCOO− ...(2)
(式中、A1およびA2は、各々独立して芳香族基、縮合芳香族基、脂環基および脂環式複素環基からなる群から選ばれる置換基を示す。xは、直接結合、−O−、−S−、−CH2−CH2−、−C=C−、−C=C(Me)−、−C≡C−、−CO−O−、−CO−NH−、−CH=N−、−CH=N−N=CH−、−N=N−および−N(O)=N−からなる群から選ばれる2価の置換基を示す。mは2〜20の整数を示す。)
6)前記樹脂の−A1−x−A2−が下記一般式(3)であることを特徴とする、5)に記載の樹脂成形体。
7)前記樹脂のmが4〜14の偶数から選ばれる少なくとも1種である5)または6)に記載の樹脂成形体。
上記樹脂をせん断流動場に置くことで樹脂分子鎖を樹脂成形体の厚み方向、無機充填剤の長軸を樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向させることを特徴とする樹脂成形体の製造方法。
配向度α:広角X線散乱装置(リガク社製、広角X線散乱装置)を用いて、1mm径のX線ビームを樹脂成形体中心部の1mm角の部位に対し、3方向から照射した。得られた測定結果から下記式(1)によって配向度αを求めた。
(式中、Wは広角X線散乱測定における、樹脂分子鎖間の散乱ピークの方位角方向の0〜360°までの強度分布における半値幅を表す。)
数平均分子量:サンプルをp−クロロフェノール(東京化成工業)とトルエンの体積比3:8混合溶媒に0.25重量%濃度となるように溶解して試料を調製した。標準物質はポリスチレンとし、同様の試料溶液を調製した。高温GPC(Viscotek社製、350 HT−GPC System)にてカラム温度:80℃、流速1.00mL/min、の条件で測定した。検出器としては、示差屈折計(RI)を使用した。
[実施例1]
還流冷却器、温度計、窒素導入管及び攪拌棒を備え付けた密閉型反応器に、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル(450g)、ドデカン二酸、無水酢酸をモル比でそれぞれ1:1.1:2.1の割合で仕込み、酢酸ナトリウムを触媒とし、常圧、窒素雰囲気下で145℃にて反応させ、均一な溶液を得た後、酢酸を留去しながら2℃/minで260℃まで昇温し、260℃で1時間撹拌した。引き続きその温度を保ったまま、約40分かけて10Torrまで減圧した後、減圧状態を維持した。減圧開始から3時間後、窒素ガスで常圧に戻し、樹脂をステンレス板上に払い出した。分子構造を表1に示す。生成した樹脂の数平均分子量は9000であった。熱物性のTsは200℃、Tiは245℃であった。得られた樹脂、および板状無機充填剤として窒化ホウ素(モメンティブパフォーマンスマテリアルズ社製、PT110)を60:40Vol%の比率で混合したものを準備した。これにフェノール系安定剤であるAO−60(ADEKA社製)を樹脂100重量部に対して0.2重量部加え、220℃に制御された二軸押出機にて配合し、樹脂組成物を得た。得られた樹脂組成物を射出成形にて幅10mm、長さ40mm、厚み1mmの板状に成形した。射出成形時のシリンダー温度を樹脂がスメクチック液晶相となる240℃に、金型温度を170℃に、射出圧力を0.7MPaに設定した。広角X線散乱プロファイルを図1に、(ND、TD)パターンの方位角の強度分布を図2に、また、各種測定結果を表2に示す。図1の(ND、MD)および(ND、TD)パターンにおいて2θ=21°付近の4.2Åに相当する樹脂分子鎖間からの反射が赤道線上に現れ、かつ2θ=27°付近の3.3Åに相当する窒化ホウ素の(002)面からの反射が子午線上に現れていることから、樹脂分子鎖は樹脂成形体の厚み方向に、窒化ホウ素は樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向していることが分かる。窒化ホウ素の面内方向への配向度は0.83であった。
実施例1で使用した樹脂をポリブチレンテレフタレート(三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製、ノバデュラン5008)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、樹脂成形体を得て評価した。広角X線散乱プロファイルを図3に、また、各種測定結果を表2に示す。図3から、窒化ホウ素は実施例1と同様に樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向しているが、樹脂分子鎖は樹脂成形体中でランダムに配向していることが分かる。
実施例1で使用した樹脂をネマチック液晶ポリマー(上野製薬社製、UENOLCP8100)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、樹脂成形体を得て評価した。広角X線散乱プロファイルを図4に、また、各種測定結果を表2に示す。図4から、窒化ホウ素は実施例1と同様に樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向し、樹脂分子鎖は樹脂成形体中でMDの方向に配向していることが分かる。表2から熱伝導率は樹脂分子鎖が配向しているMDの方向が最も向上し、特にNDの方向には向上は小さかった。
実施例1の射出成形時のシリンダー温度を、樹脂が等方相となる270℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして樹脂成形体を得た。各種測定結果を表2に示す。樹脂分子鎖は樹脂成形体中でランダムに配向したが、窒化ホウ素の面内方向への配向度は0.83であった。
実施例1のドデカン二酸をテトラデカン二酸に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして樹脂を得た。樹脂の分子構造を表1に示す。生成した樹脂の数平均分子量は9500であった。熱物性のTsは190℃、Tiは235℃であった。また、実施例1と同様に窒化ホウ素を樹脂に配合し、射出成形により板状の樹脂成形体を得た。射出成形時のシリンダー温度は樹脂がスメクチック液晶相となる225℃、金型温度は160℃、射出圧力は0.7MPaに設定した。各種測定結果を表2に示す。
実施例1の樹脂と無機充填剤の配合比率を樹脂:窒化ホウ素:ガラス繊維(日本電気硝子(株)製T187H/PL)=60:30:10vol%にする以外は同様にして樹脂成形体を得た。窒化ホウ素およびガラス繊維の配向の確認は樹脂成形体の面内方向の断面をSEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)にて観察した。任意の50個の窒化ホウ素またはガラス繊維について見えている方向から、長軸方向の樹脂成形体厚み方向に対する角度を測定し、その平均値は窒化ホウ素が78度、ガラス繊維が82度であり、それぞれの無機充填剤の長軸は樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向していることが認められた。各種測定結果を表2に示す。
実施例1の窒化ホウ素をグラファイト(中越黒鉛社製、CPB−80)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして樹脂成形体を得た。各種測定結果を表2に示す。広角X線散乱測定からグラファイトの面内方向への配向度は0.85であった。
Claims (13)
- 樹脂および板状、楕球状、または繊維状の無機充填剤を少なくとも含有する樹脂成形体であって、
樹脂成形体中の体積50%以上の領域で、上記樹脂の樹脂分子鎖が樹脂成形体の厚み方向、無機充填剤の長軸が樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向しており、
下記式(1)に基づき、広角X線散乱測定によって得られた半値幅Wから算出された樹脂分子鎖の配向度αが0.6以上1.0未満の範囲であることを特徴とする樹脂成形体。
配向度α=(360°−ΣW)/360° ...(1)
(ただし、Wは広角X線散乱測定における、樹脂分子鎖間の散乱ピークの方位角方向の0〜360°までの強度分布における半値幅を表す。) - 前記樹脂成形体の体積の50%以上が厚み1.5mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記樹脂が加熱時にスメクチック液晶相を示すことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記樹脂の数平均分子量が3000〜40000であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記樹脂が主として下記一般式(2)で示される単位の繰り返しからなる樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂成形体。
−A1−x−A2−OCO(CH2)mCOO− ...(2)
(式中、A1およびA2は、各々独立して芳香族基、縮合芳香族基、脂環基および脂環式複素環基からなる群から選ばれる置換基を示す。xは、直接結合、−O−、−S−、−CH2−CH2−、−C=C−、−C=C(Me)−、−C≡C−、−CO−O−、−CO−NH−、−CH=N−、−CH=N−N=CH−、−N=N−および−N(O)=N−からなる群から選ばれる2価の置換基を示す。mは2〜20の整数を示す。) - 前記樹脂の−A1−x−A2−が下記一般式(3)であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記樹脂のmが4〜14の偶数から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項5または6に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記無機充填剤が、グラファイト、導電性金属粉、軟磁性フェライト、酸化亜鉛および金属シリコンからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の高熱伝導性無機化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記無機充填剤が、タルク、窒化ホウ素、酸化アルミニウムおよびマイカからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の高熱伝導性無機化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 前記無機充填剤が、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、カーボンナノチューブおよびウォラストナイトからなる群より選ばれる1種以上の無機化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂成形体。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂成形体の製造方法であって、
上記樹脂をせん断流動場に置くことで樹脂分子鎖を樹脂成形体の厚み方向、無機充填剤の長軸を樹脂成形体の面内方向に配向させることを特徴とする樹脂成形体の製造方法。 - 上記樹脂をスメクチック液晶状態でせん断流動場に置くことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の樹脂成形体の製造方法。
- 上記せん断流動場を射出成形によって作ることを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の樹脂成形体の製造方法。
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