JPWO2013088926A1 - 圧電配向セラミックスおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
圧電配向セラミックスおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2013088926A1 JPWO2013088926A1 JP2013549183A JP2013549183A JPWO2013088926A1 JP WO2013088926 A1 JPWO2013088926 A1 JP WO2013088926A1 JP 2013549183 A JP2013549183 A JP 2013549183A JP 2013549183 A JP2013549183 A JP 2013549183A JP WO2013088926 A1 JPWO2013088926 A1 JP WO2013088926A1
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 alkali metal halogen salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 125
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009774 resonance method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
三成分系PZT化合物である組成式(Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y)((MaaMbb)y)O3)を主成分とする圧電配向セラミックスであって、MaがNi、Mn、Cr、Mg、Sn、Fe、Co、Znの少なくとも1種であり、MbがNbであり、a+b=1を満たし、かつMaとMbとの合計量yが0.06≦y≦0.40で、かつTiとZrのモル比率(1−x)/xが1.0≦(1−x)/x≦2.0であり、結晶相が正方晶またはモルフォトロピック相境界であることを特徴とする、圧電配向セラミックスである。
Description
また、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスでは、圧電配向セラミックスを構成する粒子が球状であることが好ましい。
またこの発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法は、組成式(Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y)((MaaMbb)y)O3)を主成分とする組成物粉末を含むスラリーを磁場中で成形することを特徴とする圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法であって、組成物粉末は、MaがNi、Mn、Cr、Mg、Sn、Fe、Co、Znの少なくとも1種であり、MbがNbであり、a+b=1を満たし、かつMaとMbとの合計量yが0.06≦y≦0.40であり、かつTiとZrのモル比率(1−x)/xが1.0≦(1−x)/x≦2.0であり、前記組成式となるように調合された素原料粉末を含む、素原料混合スラリーを作製する工程と、素原料混合スラリーを乾燥したものを仮焼して仮焼粉末を作製する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする、圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法である。
また、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法では、組成物粉末として、仮焼粉末をアルカリ金属のハロゲン塩をフラックスとするフラックス中で熱処理した粉末を用いることが好ましい。
また、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法では、仮焼粉末を作製する工程において、900℃以下の温度で仮焼することが好ましい。
また、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスでは、圧電配向セラミックスを構成する粒子が、形状異方性の小さい球状であるので、クラックの発生や進展を生じさせにくくすることができる。
さらに、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法によれば、Lotgering法により算出した配向度が高い圧電配向セラミックスを得ることができる。
また、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法では、組成物粉末として、仮焼粉末をアルカリ金属のハロゲン塩をフラックスとするフラックス中で熱処理した粉末を用いることにより、磁場中成形による高い配向度と高い圧電d定数を得ることができる。
さらに、この発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法では、仮焼粉末を作製する工程において、900℃以下の温度で仮焼することにより、Lotgering法により算出した配向度が高く、さらに圧電d定数の高い圧電配向セラミックスを得ることができる。
本発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスは、複合ペロブスカイト構造を有する圧電配向セラミックスである。この圧電配向セラミックスを構成する粒子は、三成分系PZT化合物である組成式Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y)((MaaMbb)y)O3を主成分とする粒子を含む。また、この圧電配向セラミックスを構成する粒子は球状である。
次に、本発明にかかる圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法の一実施の形態について説明する。
(試料1〜試料17)
試料1ないし試料17は、以下に記載の作製方法により作製された。試料1ないし試料17は、組成式Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y)((MaaMbb)y)O3を主成分とする組成物粉末において、Ti/Zrのモル比率、MaMb量およびMaの材料を変化させたものである。
さらに、試料15は、素原料として酸化鉛、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化鉄および酸化ニオブが、組成として組成式Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y(Ma1/3Mb2/3)y)O3となるように調合され、試料16は、素原料として酸化鉛、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化コバルトおよび酸化ニオブが、組成として組成式Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y(Ma1/3Mb2/3)y)O3となるように調合され、試料17は、素原料として酸化鉛、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化亜鉛および酸化ニオブが、組成として組成式Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y(Ma1/3Mb2/3)y)O3となるように調合された。
試料18は、以下に記載の作製方法により作製された。なお、試料18は、900℃で仮焼された仮焼粉末をKClフラックス中で熱処理した組成物粉末を用いた試料である。
試料18は、素原料として酸化鉛、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化ニッケル、酸化ニオブが、組成として組成式Pb(Ti0.40Zr0.33(Ni1/3Nb2/3)0.27)O3となるように調合された。そして、調合されたものは、水を溶媒としてボールミルにより混合撹拌され、素原料混合スラリーが得られた。得られた素原料混合スラリーを乾燥したものは、900℃で仮焼され、仮焼粉末が得られた。得られた仮焼粉末とKClとは、重量比で1:1となるように混合され、アルミナるつぼ中で1000℃、12時間熱処理して室温まで冷却した後、KClを水洗除去して、組成物粉末として、組成式Pb(Ti0.40Zr0.33(Ni1/3Nb2/3)0.27)O3のフラックス中で熱処理した粉末が得られた。ここで、得られたフラックス中で熱処理した粉末のSEM像は、図2(a)に示される。図2(a)によると、フラックス中で熱処理した粉末は球状であることがわかる。すなわち、図2(a)に示される各試料に係るフラックス中で熱処理した粉末は、結晶粒が等方的に成長しており、形状異方性が小さいことがわかる。
試料19は、以下に記載の作製方法により作製された。なお、試料19は、仮焼粉末をKClフラックス中で熱処理されていない組成物粉末を用いた試料である。
試料20は、以下に記載の作製方法により作製された。なお、試料20は、1100℃で仮焼された仮焼粉末をKClフラックス中で熱処理した組成物粉末を用いた試料である。
次に、まず、上述の作製方法により得られた各試料に係る焼結体の結晶相について調べた。各試料に係る結晶相が、Tetragonal(正方晶)か、Rhombohedral(菱面体晶)のいずれかについては、X線回析法により解析した。
また、表1における試料15ないし試料17は、Maの材料をNiではなく、Fe、CoおよびZnとし、MaMb量は0.20で固定した場合の各試料における配向度および圧電d33定数の測定結果を示している。なお、Ti/Zrのモル比率は、1.3とし、いずれの結晶相も正方晶としている。
Claims (5)
- 組成式(Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y)((MaaMbb)y)O3)を主成分とする圧電配向セラミックスであって、
MaがNi、Mn、Cr、Mg、Sn、Fe、Co、Znの少なくとも1種であり、MbがNbであり、a+b=1を満たし、かつMaとMbとの合計量yが0.06≦y≦0.40で、かつTiとZrのモル比率(1−x)/xが1.0≦(1−x)/x≦2.0であり、結晶相が正方晶またはモルフォトロピック相境界であることを特徴とする、圧電配向セラミックス。 - 前記圧電配向セラミックスを構成する粒子が球状であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の圧電配向セラミックス。
- 組成式(Pb((Ti1-xZrx)1-y)((MaaMbb)y)O3)を主成分とする組成物粉末を含むスラリーを磁場中で成形することを特徴とする圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法であって、
前記組成物粉末は、MaがNi、Mn、Cr、Mg、Sn、Fe、Co、Znの少なくとも1種であり、MbがNbであり、a+b=1を満たし、かつMaとMbとの合計量yが0.06≦y≦0.40であり、かつTiとZrのモル比率(1−x)/xが1.0≦(1−x)/x≦2.0であり、
前記組成式となるように調合された素原料粉末を含む、素原料混合スラリーを作製する工程と、
前記素原料混合スラリーを乾燥したものを仮焼して仮焼粉末を作製する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする、圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法。 - 前記仮焼粉末を、アルカリ金属のハロゲン塩をフラックスとするフラックス中で熱処理をすることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法。
- 前記仮焼粉末を作製する工程において、
900℃以下の温度で仮焼することを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の圧電配向セラミックスの製造方法。
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