JPWO2008149757A1 - 白色ポリエステルフィルムおよびそれを用いた面光源 - Google Patents
白色ポリエステルフィルムおよびそれを用いた面光源 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2008149757A1 JPWO2008149757A1 JP2008529404A JP2008529404A JPWO2008149757A1 JP WO2008149757 A1 JPWO2008149757 A1 JP WO2008149757A1 JP 2008529404 A JP2008529404 A JP 2008529404A JP 2008529404 A JP2008529404 A JP 2008529404A JP WO2008149757 A1 JPWO2008149757 A1 JP WO2008149757A1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- component
- resin
- polyester
- white polyester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- -1 alicyclic diol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
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- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(CCC)CN1C=NC=N1 WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
ところで、液晶画面の用途は、従来からのノート型パソコンに加えて、近年では据置型のパソコンやテレビ、携帯電話のディスプレイなど、様々な機器に採用が広がっている。液晶画面の画像もより高精細なものが求められるのに伴い、液晶画面の明るさを増して画像をより鮮明に、より見やすくする改良が進められており、照明光源(例えば、冷陰極線管)もより高輝度、高出力のものとなってきている。
フィルムの白色性・光反射性はフィルムへ入射した光線が内部の気固界面(気泡/マトリックス樹脂であるポリエステル樹脂界面)にて反射されることによって発現されるためである。
本発明において、ポリエチレンテレフタレートなどの基本構成に対して、共重合成分を導入した共重合ポリエステル樹脂を、ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)として用いてもよい。ポリエステル樹脂に共重合成分を導入する方法としては、原料であるポリエステルペレットの重合時に共重合成分を添加し、あらかじめ共重合成分が重合されたペレットとして用いても良いし、また、例えば、ポリブチレンテレフタレートのように単独で重合されたペレットとポリエチレンテレフタレートペレットの混合物を押出し機に供給し、溶融時にエステル交換反応によって共重合化する方法を用いても良い。
0.01<(X+Y)/Z<0.33 ・・・式1
0.37<(X+Y)/Z<0.75 ・・・式2
X:W層中の全ジオール成分の量に対する脂環族ジオール成分の含有率(モル%)
Y:W層中の全ジカルボン酸成分の量に対する脂環族ジカルボン酸成分の含有率(モル%)とイソフタル酸成分の含有率(モル%)の合計(モル%)
Z:W層中の環状オレフィン樹脂(b)のW層全体に対する含有量(重量%)。
白色ポリエステルフィルム層(W層)は内層であることが白色性・光反射性の観点から好ましい。
(1)樹脂の結晶性、ガラス転移温度(JIS K7121−1987、JIS K7122−1987)
示差熱分析計「RDC220ロボットDSC」(セイコー電子工業(株))を用いて、窒素雰囲気下において、樹脂を25℃から300℃まで20℃/分の昇温速度で加熱し、その状態で10分間保持する。次いで25℃以下となるよう急冷し、再度室温から20℃/分の昇温速度で300℃まで昇温を行い、吸発熱曲線(DSC曲線)を求めた。
また、ガラス転移温度(Tg)についてはJIS K7121−1987に記載の中間点ガラス転移温度(Tmg)を採用した。
ミクロトームを用いて、フィルム断面を厚み方向に潰すことなく、切断する。このとき、切断方向はフィルムTD方向(横方向)に平行に切断するものとする。次いで切断した断面を電界放射走査方電子顕微鏡JSM−6700F(日本電子データム(株))を用いて、3000倍に拡大観察して得られた画像より、白色ポリエステル層(W層)内の環状オレフィン樹脂(b)の分散体を無作為に1000点選択し、各分散体についてフィルム面方向の最大長さを計測して各分散体の分散径とした。次いで、得られた1000個の分散体の分散径の単純平均を算出し、環状オレフィン樹脂(b)の分散径とした。
分光光度計U−3410((株)日立製作所)に、φ60積分球130−0632((株)日立製作所)および10°傾斜スペーサーを取りつけた状態で560nmの光反射率を求めた。なお、光反射率は白色ポリエステルフィルムの両面について求め、より高い数値を当該白色ポリエステルフィルムの反射率とする。標準白色板には(株)日立計測器サービス製の部品番号210−0740を用いた。
全自動直読ヘイズコンピューターHGM−2DP(スガ試験機(株)製)を用いて、フィルム厚み方向の全光線透過率を測定した。なお、透過率は白色ポリエステルフィルムの両面について求め、より低い数値を当該白色ポリエステルフィルムの透過率とする。
バックライトに白色ポリエステルフィルムを組み込み、40℃に保たれた環境下でランプを連続200時間点灯させ、その後、バックライトからフィルムを取り外し、水平台に乗せ平面性の変化を目視観察した。使用したバックライトは、評価用に用意したノートパソコンに使用される直管一灯型サイドライト式バックライト(14.1インチ)である。フィルムが撓み、水平台より3mm以上浮き上がっている部分があるフィルムを×、2〜3mm浮き上がっている部分があるフィルムを△、1〜2mm以上浮き上がっている部分があるフィルムを○、浮き上がりが1mm未満のフィルムを◎とした。○と◎が合格である。
実施例・比較例において製膜した際に、ほとんど延伸ムラが生じないものを◎、僅か延伸ムラが発生するものを○、若干の延伸ムラが若干発生するが製膜工程において視認できないものを△、製膜工程において視認できる延伸ムラが発生するものを×とした。大量生産には△以上の製膜性が必要である。
実施例・比較例において製膜した際に、フィルム破れがほとんど生じないものを◎、僅かに発生するものを○、若干発生するものを△、頻発するものを×とした。大量生産には△以上の製膜性が必要であり、○以上であるとさらにコスト低減効果がある。
20インチサイズの直下型バックライト(蛍光管16本、蛍光管径3mm、蛍光管間隔2.5cm、乳白板と蛍光管の距離1.5cm)に実施例、比較例で作成した白色ポリエステルフィルムを反射板として設置し、乳白板としてRM401(住友化学(株)製)、乳白板上側に光拡散シート“ライトアップ”(登録商標) GM3(キモト(株)製)、プリズムシートBEFIII(3M製)、DBEF−400(3M製)を配置した。
A.ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)
・PET:
酸成分としてテレフタル酸を、ジオール成分としてエチレングリコールを用い、三酸化アンチモン(重合触媒)を得られるポリエステルペレットに対してアンチモン原子換算で300ppmとなるように添加し、重縮合反応を行い、極限粘度0.63dl/g、カルボキシル末端基量40当量/トンのポリエチレンテレフタレートペレット(PET)を得た。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g以上であり、融点255℃の結晶性ポリエステル樹脂である(a1)。
「PETG 6763」(イーストマン ケミカル製)を用いた。ジオール成分としてシクロヘキサンジメタノールを33モル%共重合したPETである。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g未満であり、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)である。
ジカルボン酸成分として、ジカルボン酸成分100モル%のうち、表3に示す割合のシクロヘキサンジカルボン酸と、残りの割合のテレフタル酸を、ジオール成分としてエチレングリコールを用い、三酸化アンチモン(重合触媒)を得られるポリエステルペレットに対してアンチモン原子換算で300ppmとなるように添加し、重縮合反応を行い、極限粘度0.77dl/g、カルボキシル末端基量40当量/トンの共重合ポリエステルを得た。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ、いずれも1cal/g未満であり、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)である。
ジカルボン酸成分として、テレフタル酸77モル%,イソフタル酸23モル%を、ジオール成分としてエチレングリコールを用い、三酸化アンチモン(重合触媒)を得られるポリエステルペレットに対してアンチモン原子換算で300ppmとなるように添加し、重縮合反応を行い、極限粘度0.63dl/g、カルボキシル末端基量40当量/トンの共重合ポリエステルを得た。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g未満であり、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)である。
・PMP(ポリメチルペンテン)
「TPX DX820」(三井化学(株)製)を用いた。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g以上であり、融点235℃の結晶性樹脂である。また、ガラス転移温度は25℃であった。
「TOPAS 8007」「TOPAS 6013」「TOPAS 6015」「TOPAS 6017」「TOPAS 6018」(何れもポリプラスチックス(株)製)を用いた。該樹脂は化学式1に示すようにノルボルネン成分とエチレン成分より構成される。各成分の構成比およびガラス転移温度を表に示す。
尚、何れの樹脂も示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g未満であり、非晶性樹脂であった。
・PET-PEG(ポリエチレングリコール)共重合体
分子量4,000のポリエチレングリコールを6重量%共重合したPETペレットである。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g以上であり、結晶性樹脂である。よって、結晶性ポリエステル−ポリアルキレングリコール共重合体(c1)である。
「ハイトレル 7247」(東レ・デュポン製)を用いた。該樹脂はPBT(ポリブチレンテレフタレート)とPAG(主としてポリテトラメチレングリコール)のブロック共重合体である。示差熱分析計を用いて結晶融解熱を測定したところ1cal/g以上であり、結晶性樹脂である。よって、結晶性ポリエステル−ポリアルキレングリコール共重合体(c1)である。
表に示した原料の混合物を170℃の温度で5時間真空乾燥した後に押出機に供給し、280℃の温度で溶融押出後30μmカットフィルターにより濾過を行った後に、Tダイ口金に導入した。
主押出機と副押出機を有する複合製膜装置において、表に示した原料の混合物を170℃の温度で5時間真空乾燥した後、主押出機側に供給し、280℃の温度で溶融押出後、30μmカットフィルターにより濾過を行った後に、Tダイ複合口金に導入した。
表に示した原料の混合物を170℃の温度で5時間真空乾燥した後に押出機に供給し、280℃の温度で溶融押出後30μmカットフィルターにより異物濾過を行った後に、Tダイ口金に導入した。
表に示した原料を用いて実施例1と同様に製膜を行い、ポリエステルフィルムを得た(比較例5のみフィルム厚みは55μm)。このポリエステルフィルムは内部にいくらかの気泡を含有していたが、その特性は表に示すように劣るものであった。
表に示した原料を用いて実施例13と同様に製膜を試みたが、フィルム破れが頻発し、延伸後の白色ポリエステルフィルムを採取することはできなかった。
a1w:W層における結晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a1)の含有量(重量%)
a2w:W層における非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)の含有量(重量%)
a2b1:非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)において、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)を構成するジオール成分の量に対する脂環族ジオール成分の量(モル%)
a2a1:非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)において、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)を構成するジカルボン成分の量に対する脂環族ジカルボン成分の量(モル%)
a2a2:非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)において、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)を構成するジカルボン酸成分の量に対するイソフタル酸成分の量(モル%)
a2a:非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)において、非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)を構成するジカルボン成分の量に対する脂環族ジカルボン成分の量a2a1(モル%)とイソフタル酸成分の量a2a2(モル%)の合計(モル%)
X:W層中のジオール成分の量に対する脂環族ジオール成分の含有率(モル%)。
y1:W層中のジカルボン酸成分の量に対する脂環族ジカルボン酸成分の含有率y1(モル%)。
y2:W層中のジカルボン酸成分の量に対するイソフタル酸成分の含有率y2(モル%)。
Y:W層中のジカルボン酸成分の量に対する脂環族ジカルボン酸成分の含有率y1(モル%)とイソフタル酸成分の含有率y2(モル%)の合計(モル%)。
Z:W層中の環状オレフィン樹脂(b)のW層全体に対する含有量(重量%)。
Cw:白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対する分散剤(C)の含有量(重量%)。
c1w:白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対する結晶性ポリエステル−ポリアルキレングリコール共重合体(c1)の含有量(重量%)
Claims (13)
- ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)と、該樹脂成分(A)に対して非相溶である成分(B)とを含有し、内部に気泡を有する白色ポリエステル層(W層)を含むフィルムにおいて、
該非相溶成分(B)が、ガラス転移温度が110℃以上の環状オレフィン樹脂(b)であり、
かつ白色ポリエステル層(W層)における環状オレフィン樹脂(b)の含有量Zが白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対して5重量%以上50重量%以下である白色ポリエステルフィルム。 - 前記ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)が結晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a1)と非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)を含有し、
かつ白色ポリエステル層(W層)における非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)の含有量a2w(重量%)と環状オレフィン樹脂(b)の含有量Z(重量%)の比(a2w/Z)が0.01以上0.85以下または0.95以上1.75以下である請求項1に記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。 - 前記W層が、脂環族ジオール成分を有するか、脂環族ジカルボン酸成分および/またはイソフタル酸成分を有し、かつ式1または式2を満たす請求項1または2に記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
0.01<(X+Y)/Z<0.33 ・・・式1
0.37<(X+Y)/Z<0.75 ・・・式2
X:W層中のジオール成分の量に対する脂環族ジオール成分の含有率(モル%)
Y:W層中のジカルボン酸成分の量に対する脂環族ジカルボン酸成分の含有率(モル%)とイソフタル酸成分の含有率(モル%)の合計(モル%)
Z:W層中の環状オレフィン樹脂(b)のW層全体に対する含有量(重量%)。 - 環状オレフィン樹脂(b)が非晶性環状オレフィン樹脂(b2)である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)が非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)を含有し、かつ非晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a2)の含有量a2wが白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対して、10重量%以上である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)が結晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a1)を含有し、かつ結晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a1)の含有量a1wが白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対して、50重量%未満である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- 白色ポリエステル層(W層)が分散剤(C)を含有し、かつ分散剤(C)の含有量Cwが白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対して0.1重量%以上である請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記分散剤(C)がポリエステル成分とポリアルキレングリコール成分とを用いてなる結晶性ポリエステル−ポリアルキレングリコール共重合体(c1)である請求項7に記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- ポリエステル樹脂成分(A)が結晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a1)を含有し、かつ白色ポリエステル層(W層)における結晶性ポリエステル樹脂(a1)の含有量a1wと結晶性ポリエステル−ポリアルキレングリコール共重合体(c1)の含有量c1wの合計(a1w+c1w)が、白色ポリエステル層(W層)に対して50重量%未満である請求項8に記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- 白色ポリエステル層(W層)中に環状オレフィン樹脂(b)が分散体として存在しており、
該分散体の99%以上が分散径7μm以下の分散体である請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。 - 白色ポリエステル層(W層)の少なくとも片側に他のポリエステル層が積層されている請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム
- 面光源用反射フィルムに用いられる請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルム。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の白色ポリエステルフィルムを用いた面光源。
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