JPWO2007125913A1 - アルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有する神経細胞新生誘導剤および精神障害治療剤 - Google Patents
アルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有する神経細胞新生誘導剤および精神障害治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2007125913A1 JPWO2007125913A1 JP2008513218A JP2008513218A JPWO2007125913A1 JP WO2007125913 A1 JPWO2007125913 A1 JP WO2007125913A1 JP 2008513218 A JP2008513218 A JP 2008513218A JP 2008513218 A JP2008513218 A JP 2008513218A JP WO2007125913 A1 JPWO2007125913 A1 JP WO2007125913A1
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- alkyl ether
- ether derivative
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- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
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Abstract
Description
たとえば、抗精神病薬の多くは、ドパミン受容体遮断薬であり、錐体外路症状を誘発する場合がある。また、これらの薬剤は、陰性症状の改善効果が不十分である。抗うつ薬は、治療効果の発現に数週間程度必要であること、治療抵抗性の患者が存在すること、治療後の寛解率が50%以下であることなどが知られている。多くの抗不安薬は、習慣性があり、眠気などの副作用を有することが知られている。
近年、成体脳において神経細胞は、脳内に存在する神経幹細胞および神経前駆細胞が増殖・分化することで、新生されることが明らかにされ(非特許文献6)、内在性の神経幹細胞および/または前駆細胞を活性化させ、分化させることにより、種々の障害によって減少した神経組織および機能を再構築する可能性が示されている。
神経幹細胞および/または神経前駆細胞に増殖分化を誘導する化合物は、種々の障害によって減少した神経組織および機能を再構築する作用によって、精神障害治療剤として利用できると考えられている(特許文献2)。
これまでに、アルキルエーテル誘導体は、神経保護作用、神経再生作用および神経突起伸展促進作用を有することが報告されている(特許文献1)。しかしながら、神経細胞の新生を誘導させることは全く知られていない。
本明細書において、特に断らない限り、各用語は、次の意味を有する。
ハロゲン原子とは、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子を;アルキル基とは、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチルおよびオクチル基などの直鎖状または分岐鎖状のC1−12アルキル基を;低級アルキル基とは、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、tert−ブチル、ペンチルおよびヘキシル基などの直鎖状または分岐鎖状のC1−6アルキル基を;アルケニル基とは、ビニル、プロペニル、ブテニル、ペンテニル、ヘキセニル、ヘプテニルおよびオクテニルなどのC2−12アルケニル基を;低級アルケニル基とは、ビニル、プロペニル、ブテニル、ペンテニルおよびヘキセニルなどのC2−6アルケニル基を;アシルアルキル基とは、たとえば、アセチルメチル、ベンゾイルメチル、p−ニトロベンゾイルメチル、p−ブロモベンゾイルメチル、p−メトキシベンゾイルメチルおよび1−ベンゾイルエチルなどの基を;アシルオキシアルキル基とは、たとえば、アセトキシメチル、プロピオニルオキシメチルおよびピバロイルオキシメチルなどの基を;アリールチオアルキル基とは、たとえば、フェニルスルフェニルメチルおよび2−(p−ニトロフェニルスルフェニル)エチルなどの基を;アリールスルホニルアルキル基とは、たとえば、p−トルエンスルホニルエチルなどの基を;含窒素複素環式アルキル基とは、たとえば、フタルイミドメチルおよびスクシンイミドメチルなどの基を;シクロアルキル基とは、たとえば、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチルおよびシクロヘキシルなどのC3−8シクロアルキル基を;アルキルチオアルキル基とは、たとえば、メチルチオメチル、エチルチオメチルおよびプロピルチオメチルなどのC1−6アルキルチオC1−6アルキル基を;アルコキシアルキル基とは、たとえば、メトキシメチルおよび1−エトキシエチルなどのC1−6アルキルオキシC1−6アルキル基を;アルアルキルオキシアルキル基とは、たとえば、ベンジルオキシメチルおよびフェネチルオキシメチルなどのアルC1−6アルキルオキシC1−6アルキル基を;
塩基性基における塩としては、たとえば、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硝酸および硫酸などの鉱酸との塩;ギ酸、酢酸、クエン酸、シュウ酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、コハク酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、アスパラギン酸、トリクロロ酢酸およびトリフルオロ酢酸などの有機カルボン酸との塩;並びにメタンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸、メシチレンスルホン酸およびナフタレンスルホン酸などのスルホン酸との塩が挙げられる。
上記した塩の中で、好ましい塩としては、薬理学的に許容される塩が挙げられる。
R1が、水素原子である化合物が好ましい。
R2が、水素原子、ハロゲン原子およびアルコキシ基である化合物が好ましく、水素原子である化合物がさらに好ましい。
R3が、ヒドロキシル基である化合物が好ましい。
mが、2である化合物が好ましい。
nが、2または3の化合物が好ましく、nが、3である化合物がさらに好ましい。
さらに、R1およびR2が水素原子;R3がヒドロキシル基;mが、2;nが、3である化合物が最も好ましい。
一般式[1]のアルキルエーテル誘導体が、1−(3−(2−(1−ベンゾチオフェン−5−イル)エトキシ)プロピル)アゼチジン−3−オールであることが好ましい。
精神障害治療剤が培養神経幹細胞における神経新生誘導作用によって見出され得ることは、知られている(特許文献2)。たとえば、双極性障害の治療剤として用いられているバルプロ酸が、培養神経幹細胞における神経新生誘導作用を示すことなどが知られている[プロシーディングス・オブ・ナショナル・アカデミー・オブ・サイエンシズ・オブ・ザ・ユナイテッド・ステーツ・オブ・アメリカ(Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A.)、2004年、第101巻、第47号、p.16659-64]。
本発明における精神障害としては、たとえば、統合失調症、統合失調型障害、統合失調感情障害、他の非器質性精神病性障害などの統合失調症およびその類縁疾患;躁病エピソード、双極性感情障害(躁うつ病)、うつ病エピソード、反復性うつ病性障害および持続性気分障害などの気分障害;ならびに恐怖症性不安障害および強迫性障害適応障害などの神経症性障害が挙げられ、好ましくは、統合失調症、双極性感情障害(躁うつ病)、うつ病エピソードおよび反復性うつ病性障害が挙げられる。
上記各種薬剤は、通常の方法により製剤化される。
さらに錠剤は、必要に応じ、通常の剤皮を施した錠剤、たとえば、糖衣錠、ゼラチン被包錠、胃溶性被覆錠、腸溶性被覆錠および水溶性フィルムコーティング錠とすることができる。
カプセル剤は、上記で例示した各種の医薬品と混合し、硬質ゼラチンカプセルおよび軟質カプセルなどに充填して調製される。
また、溶剤、増量剤、等張化剤、溶解補助剤、乳化剤、懸濁化剤、増粘剤などの上記した各種の液体製剤化用添加物を用い、常法に従い調製して、水性または油性の懸濁液、溶液、シロップおよびエリキシル剤とすることもできる。
本発明製剤の有効成分の投与量は、用法、患者の年齢、性別、疾患の形態、その他の条件などに応じて適宜選択されるが、通常成人に対して1日0.1〜500mgを1回から数回に分割して投与すればよく、好ましくは、1日40〜500mgを1回から数回に分割して投与すればよい。
精神障害治療剤としての有用性を示すため、培養神経幹細胞における神経新生誘導作用を示す。
被験物質として1−(3−(2−(1−ベンゾチオフェン−5−イル)エトキシ)プロピル)アゼチジン−3−オール(以下、T−817とする)のマレイン酸塩(以下、T−817MAとする)を用いた。
試験例 培養神経幹細胞の分化に対する作用
培養神経幹細胞の調製は、ヒラバヤシ(Hirabayashi)らの方法[デベロップメント(Development)、2004年、第131巻、第12号、p.2791−2801]を一部変更して実施した。ICR系マウス胎児(胎齢14日)より大脳を取り出し、0.0625%トリプシンおよび0.1mg/mL DNaseIを含む人工脳脊髄液(124mM NaCl、5mM KCl、1.3mM MgCl2、2mM CaCl2、26mM NaHCO3、10mM D-Glucose、pH7.4)中で37℃、5分間インキュベートした。次いで、トリプシンインヒビター(添加終了時濃度0.35mg/mL)を加え、800rpm、5分間、遠心操作をした。得られたペレットを神経幹細胞培地(20ng/mL塩基性繊維芽細胞増殖因子、20ng/mL上皮増殖因子、B27サプリメント(インビトロジェン)を含むDMEM/F-12培地)中でピペッティングにより分散し、単離細胞を得た。得られた単離細胞を10mLの神経幹細胞培地中で、培地中の細胞密度が1×105cells/mLとなるよう調製した後、7日間培養した(10cmディッシュ使用)。培養開始7日後に形成したニューロスフェアを前記と同様にしてトリプシン消化およびピペッティングにより分散し、単離細胞を得た。得られた単離細胞を神経幹細胞培地中でさらに7日間培養した。
培養開始7日後に形成したニューロスフェアを前記と同様にして、トリプシン消化およびピペッティングにより分散し、単離細胞を得た。得られた単離細胞を培地(B27サプリメント含有DMEM/F-12培地)中の細胞密度が2×105cells/mLとなるよう調製し、T−817MA処置群および対照群のウェルに100μL添加した。T−817MA処置群のウェルにはあらかじめT−817MA(T−817MAとして最終濃度10μMとなるようB27サプリメント含有DMEM/F-12培地に溶解)溶液を100μL添加した。対照群のウェルにはあらかじめB27サプリメント含有DMEM/F-12培地を100μL添加した。培養プレートには、0.5%ポリエチレンイミンでコーティングされた48穴プレートを用いた。
T−817MA処置群および対照群を3日間培養した。
培養開始3日後に細胞をリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で洗浄後、4%パラホルムアルデヒド/リン酸緩衝液を加えて固定し、さらに0.3%トライトンX-100/PBS溶液を加え、室温、5分間放置した後、PBSで洗浄し、0.5%スキムミルクを加え、室温、1時間放置した。0.5%スキムミルクで500倍希釈したマウスTuj1抗体(COVANCE社)を加え、4℃、一晩放置した後、PBSで洗浄した。さらに細胞にPBSで1000倍希釈したAlexa Fluor 546標識抗マウスIgG(Molecular Probes)を加え、室温、1時間放置した。細胞をPBSで洗浄後、蛍光顕微鏡下で観察し、赤色蛍光を発するTuj1陽性細胞数を数え、全細胞数に対する比率を算出し、神経細胞への分化率を神経細胞新生誘導作用の指標として表した。結果を表1に示す。
T−817MA50mg、乳糖20mg、とうもろこし澱粉25mgおよびアビセルPH101(旭化成社製)40mgの混合物をポリビニルピロリドンK30の5%水溶液で練合し、60℃で乾燥した後、コリドンCL(BASF社製)10mg、アビセルPH302(旭化成社製)10mg、軽質無水ケイ酸18mgおよびステアリン酸マグネシウム2mgの混合物を混合し、1錠重量175mg、直径7mmの円形錠に打錠し、T−817MA50mgを含有する錠剤を得た。
T−817MA50mg、乳糖20mgおよびとうもろこし澱粉53mgの混合物をポリビニルピロリドンK30の5%水溶液で練合し、60℃で乾燥した後、コリドンCL(BASF社製)7mg、アビセルPH302(旭化成社製)18mgおよびステアリン酸マグネシウム2mgの混合物を混合し、1カプセル当たり150mgを4号ゼラチンカプセルに充填し、カプセル剤を得た。
Claims (11)
- 一般式
- R1が、水素原子;R2が、水素原子、ハロゲン原子またはアルコキシ基であるベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の神経細胞新生誘導剤。
- mが、2;nが、2または3であるベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の神経細胞新生誘導剤。
- R2が、水素原子;R3が、ヒドロキシル基;nが、3であるベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3記載の神経細胞新生誘導剤。
- ベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体が、1−(3−(2−(1−ベンゾチオフェン−5−イル)エトキシ)プロピル)アゼチジン−3−オールであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の神経細胞新生誘導剤。
- 一般式
- R1が、水素原子;R2が、水素原子、ハロゲン原子またはアルコキシ基であるベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項6記載の精神障害治療剤。
- mが、2;nが、2または3であるベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項6または7記載の精神障害治療剤。
- R2が、水素原子;R3が、ヒドロキシル基;nが、3であるベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体またはその塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項6〜8記載の精神障害治療剤。
- ベンゾチオフェンアルキルエーテル誘導体が、1−(3−(2−(1−ベンゾチオフェン−5−イル)エトキシ)プロピル)アゼチジン−3−オールであることを特徴とする請求項6記載の精神障害治療剤。
- 精神障害が、統合失調症およびその類縁疾患、気分障害ならびに神経症性障害である請求項6〜10記載の治療剤。
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IL194569A0 (en) | 2009-08-03 |
ZA200808728B (en) | 2010-01-27 |
IL194569A (en) | 2014-09-30 |
NO342153B1 (no) | 2018-04-03 |
US20090093453A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
WO2007125913A1 (ja) | 2007-11-08 |
ES2518371T3 (es) | 2014-11-05 |
SI2011796T1 (sl) | 2015-02-27 |
DK2011796T3 (da) | 2014-10-27 |
CA2648898A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
KR20080111131A (ko) | 2008-12-22 |
EP2011796B1 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
AU2007244409A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
EP2011796A4 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
MX2008013728A (es) | 2009-01-07 |
CN101432280A (zh) | 2009-05-13 |
JP5695293B2 (ja) | 2015-04-01 |
CA2648898C (en) | 2015-01-20 |
KR101374593B1 (ko) | 2014-03-17 |
BRPI0710239A2 (pt) | 2011-08-09 |
PT2011796E (pt) | 2014-11-26 |
EP2011796A1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
CY1115643T1 (el) | 2017-01-04 |
NZ571975A (en) | 2011-04-29 |
CN101432280B (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
JP2013177410A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
PL2011796T3 (pl) | 2015-03-31 |
NO20084338L (no) | 2008-11-19 |
AU2007244409B2 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
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