JPS64502B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS64502B2
JPS64502B2 JP60172073A JP17207385A JPS64502B2 JP S64502 B2 JPS64502 B2 JP S64502B2 JP 60172073 A JP60172073 A JP 60172073A JP 17207385 A JP17207385 A JP 17207385A JP S64502 B2 JPS64502 B2 JP S64502B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bleaching
improver
acid
present
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP60172073A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS6232195A (ja
Inventor
Naoki Kyochika
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kao Corp
Original Assignee
Kao Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kao Corp filed Critical Kao Corp
Priority to JP60172073A priority Critical patent/JPS6232195A/ja
Priority to CN86107481A priority patent/CN1007523B/zh
Priority to DE19863626361 priority patent/DE3626361A1/de
Priority to IT21410/86A priority patent/IT1197844B/it
Priority to KR1019860006465A priority patent/KR910002919B1/ko
Priority to GB8619058A priority patent/GB2178769B/en
Publication of JPS6232195A publication Critical patent/JPS6232195A/ja
Publication of JPS64502B2 publication Critical patent/JPS64502B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
    • B22D11/0685—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/28—Plates therefor
    • B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
    • B25C5/02—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work
    • B25C5/0285—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation
    • B25C5/0292—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation with the objects to be stapled together introduced perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the tool in an opening formed by an anvil and a plunger
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/14—Registering devices with means for displacing the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/16—Registering devices with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B39/00—Increasing wheel adhesion
    • B60B39/003—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force
    • B60B39/006—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force characterised by a control system for the actuation of the rotating chain wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B55/00—Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
    • B65B55/02—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages
    • B65B55/022—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages of flexible containers having a filling and dispensing spout, e.g. containers of the "bag-in-box"-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/02—Closing containers or receptacles deformed by, or taking-up shape, of, contents, e.g. bags, sacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5861—Spouts
    • B65D75/5872—Non-integral spouts
    • B65D75/5877—Non-integral spouts connected to a planar surface of the package wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/70—Pressure relief devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
    • B65G47/60—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices to or from conveyors of the suspended, e.g. trolley, type
    • B65G47/61—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices to or from conveyors of the suspended, e.g. trolley, type for articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/003—Phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/02—Preparation of phosphorus
    • C01B25/027—Preparation of phosphorus of yellow phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
    • C01B25/18—Phosphoric acid
    • C01B25/20—Preparation from elemental phosphorus or phosphoric anhydride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
    • C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
    • C01F7/144—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
    • C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
    • C01F7/144—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process
    • C01F7/147—Apparatus for precipitation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
    • C11B7/0075—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils by differences of melting or solidifying points
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3937—Stabilising agents
    • C11D3/394—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はセルロース系繊維用漂白性向上剤に関
するものである。更に詳しくは、セルロース系繊
維の漂白浴に硬度成分等の漂白阻害因子が含まれ
ている場合にも、従来以上の白度、風合い、縫製
性を付与できるセルロース系繊維の漂白性向上剤
に関するものである。 〔従来の技術〕 一般に、セルロース系繊維は精練後においても
なお繊維中に天然色素が存在するので、この天然
色素や更には二次的に付着した着色物等を除去す
るために漂白操作がなされる。漂白の方法として
は、過酸化漂白、塩素漂白、亜塩素酸ナトリウム
漂白などがあるが、なかでも過酸化漂白は、繊維
に損傷を与えることなく漂白が行なえ、操作も簡
単で、耐久性のある白さが得られることから一般
的に広く用いられている。 この過酸化漂白は、過酸化水素の分解によつて
生じる発生期の酸素を利用してセルロース系繊維
中の色素を酸化分解させることによつてなされる
が、この酸化分解は、PHがアルカリ性である側の
環境で行なわせる方が効率的であるため、カセイ
ソーダなどのアルカリ剤が併用され、更にアルカ
リ下での過酸化水素分解の安定化剤としてケイ酸
ナトリウムも併用される。従つて漂白液組成は、
過酸化水素、アルカリ（カセイソーダなど）、ケ
イ酸ナトリウム（モル比でSiO2：Na2O＝2.5：１
のものなど）から構成されることになる。このも
のを用いてセルロース系繊維の漂白を行なう際に
使用する水の硬度が高いと、ケイ酸ナトリウムが
水の硬度成分と結合してケイ酸カルシウムやケイ
酸マグネシウムなどの水に不溶性のケイ酸塩を生
じ、これが繊維上に沈着して布帛の白度が向上せ
ず、風合いも粗硬化し、更にはミシン針との摩擦
係数も大きくなつて縫製性に支障をきたすという
問題点が生ずる。そこでこの点に関しての解決が
望まれていた。この問題点を改善するために、エ
チレンジアミンテトラアセチツクアシツド、ジエ
チレントリアミンペンタアセチツクアシツド、ヒ
ドロキシルエチレンジアミントリアセチツクアシ
ツド、ニトリロトリアセチツクアシツド、トリポ
リリン酸ソーダなどが併用されるケースもある
が、その効果は必ずしも充分ではなく、問題点の
抜本的な解決には至つていないのが現状である。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 また、過酸化水素漂白における問題としては、
金属イオン、特に鉄、銅、マンガン等による、セ
ルロース系繊維の金属イオン接触による脆化の問
題がある。つまり、漂白工程中に、使用する水あ
るいは装置中から持ち込まれる金属イオン（主に
鉄イオン）や鉄サビなどが原因となつて過酸化水
素の分解が促進され、セルロース系繊維編織布上
にレザーカツトマーク（カミソリで切つたような
傷）あるいはピンホールが発生するなどの問題点
を有している。この問題点を改善するために、ア
ミノカルボキシレート系有機キレート剤、とくに
ジエチレントリアミンペンタアセチツクアシツド
を添加することが試みられているが、これらのキ
レート剤は高PH領域（アルカリ側）では鉄イオン
に対するキレート力を示さないため、アルカリ領
域で行なう通常の過酸化水素漂白においては効果
的でなかつた。そこで、高PH領域で鉄に対するキ
レート力を示す糖アルコールやアルドン酸等がア
ミノカルボキシレート系有機キレート剤と併用さ
れるケース（特公昭51−30184号公報、特公昭51
−30185号公報）もあるが、その効果は必ずしも
充分ではなく抜本的に解決までには至つていない
のが現状である。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 そこで本発明者らはセルロース系繊維の前述の
ような漂白不良の問題点を解決するために鋭意研
究した結果、特定のポリカルボン酸類と、糖アル
コール及び／又はアルドン酸とを併用することに
より上記の問題点を解決し得ることを見出し、本
発明を完成した。 即ち、本発明は (a) マレイン酸、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸から
なる群から選ばれる１種もしくは２種以上を構
成単位とする重合体もしくは共重合体あるいは
それらの塩、及び (b) 一般式CH2OH（CHOH）oCH2OHで表わされ
る糖アルコール（式中ｎは２〜６の整数を示
す）及び／又は一般式CH2OH（CHOH）o
COOHで表わされるアルドン酸（式中ｎは２
〜６の整数を示す）もしくはその水溶性塩類も
しくはそのラクトン からなるセルロース系繊維用漂白性向上剤を提供
するものである。 本発明の漂白性向上剤中の(a)成分としては、数
平均分子量が300〜8000のものが好ましい。 (a)成分中の塩としては、アルカリ金属塩やアン
モニウム塩、更にはジエタノールアミン、トリエ
タノールアミンなどのアルカノールアミン塩など
の形が使用可能であり、性能を阻害しない程度に
未中和部分を残しておいても差支えない。 更に、(a)成分として使用される重合体又は共重
合体は性能を阻害しない程度にマレイン酸、アク
リル酸、メタクリル酸以外の単量体を共重合させ
たものでもよく、かかる単量体としてはアクリル
アミド、メタクリルスルホン酸やビニルスルホン
酸などの各種スルホン酸、２−ヒドロキシエチル
アクリレート、各種アクリル酸エステル、各種メ
タクリル酸エステル、Ｎ−メチロールアクリルア
ミドあるいはその他の共重合可能な物質などが使
用できる。 本発明の漂白性向上剤中の(b)成分である、一般
式CH2OH（CHOH）oCH2OHで表わされる糖アル
コールとしては、例えばＤ−ソルビツト、Ｄ−マ
ンニツト、Ｄ−キシリツト、エリトロマンノオク
チツトなどが挙げられ、また一般式CH2OH
（CHOH）oCOOHで表わされるアルドン酸として
は、例えばＤ−マンノース、Ｄ−キシロース、Ｄ
−グルコース等のアルドースから得られるアルド
ン酸が挙げられる。さらに、これらの酸の水溶性
塩類、たとえばNa塩、Ｋ塩等又はこれらの酸の
ラクトンを用いることもできる。 本発明のセルロース系繊維用漂白性向上剤は前
記の(a)、(b)成分を併せて用いるものであるが、(a)
成分と(b)成分の混合比は、重量比で(a)：(b)＝10〜
90：90〜10の範囲が好ましく、より好ましい範囲
は、(a)：(b)＝40〜60：60〜40である。 更に本発明のセルロース系繊維用漂白性向上剤
は、その性能が低下しない範囲においてアニオン
性、カチオン性、非イオン性の界面活性剤を含む
ことができる。本発明のセルロース系繊維用漂白
性向上剤が含むことのできる界面活性剤として
は、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリ
オキシエチレンアルキルアミン、ポリオキシエチ
レンアルキルエーテル硫酸化物、脂肪酸エステル
硫酸化物、ベタイン型両性活性剤等を例示するこ
とができる。 本発明の漂白性向上剤の使用量は、一般的には
漂白浴に0.01〜20ｇ（固形分換算）／、好まし
くは0.04〜10ｇ（固形分換算）／の範囲が望ま
しい。 本発明の漂白性向上剤を適用することのできる
セルロース系繊維としては、木綿、麻などのセル
ロース天然繊維の他に、これらのセルロース天然
繊維とナイロン、ポリエステル、アクリルなどの
合成繊維との混合繊維、更にはアセテートなどの
半合成繊維との混合繊維、レーヨン、キユポラな
どの再生繊維との混合繊維などにも適用すること
が可能であり、漂白するときの形態も、繊維、
糸、綛、チーズ、織物、編物、不織布、更には衣
類、寝装商品などの最終繊維製品などのいずれの
形態であつても差支えない。 本発明の漂白性向上剤を用いてセルロース系繊
維を漂白する際の漂白方法としては、通常行なわ
れている方法が適当でき、パツド−スチーム法、
加圧煮沸法、60℃程度から100℃までの温度での
浸漬法あるいはその他の方法などが適用可能であ
る。更に、本発明の漂白性向上剤は、これまでに
述べてきたような漂白だけのみならず、精練・漂
白、のり抜き・精練・漂白などというように他の
工程と同時に行なわれる漂白にも適用することが
できる。 〔作用〕 セルロース系繊維の漂白を、過酸化水素、アル
カリ、ケイ酸ナトリウムと本発明の漂白性向上剤
を共存させて行なうことにより、水の硬度が高い
場合に於いても、水中に過酸化水素の分解を促進
する鉄イオンなどの金属イオンを含む場合に於い
ても、従来の漂白方法に比較してすぐれた白度、
風合、縫製性を付与することができる。 セルロース系繊維の漂白時に過酸化水素、アル
カリ、ケイ酸ナトリウムと共に本発明の漂白性向
上剤を共存させることによつて漂白不良の問題点
が解消される機構は必ずしも明確ではないが、本
発明の漂白性向上剤が有する著しくすぐれた金属
イオン封鎖能と分散力に起因するものと考えられ
る。即ち、水の硬度が高い場合には、本発明の漂
白性向上剤が硬度成分をキレートして水に不溶性
の物質の生成を防止したり、水や繊維から持込ま
れる水不溶性物質を分散させて繊維への再付着を
防止しており、系内に鉄イオンなどの過酸化水素
分解促進物質が含まれるときには、その金属イオ
ンをキレート分散して繊維との接触を防止してい
るためであると考えられる。 〔実施例〕 以下に、配合例及び実施例を挙げて本発明を具
体的に説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例の
みに限定されるものではない。 配合例 本発明のセルロース系繊維用漂白性向上剤とし
て、表１に示す配合例のものを得た。 なお、比較配合例１として、ジエチレントリア
ミンペンタアセチツクアシツドとＤ−ソルビツト
を50：50（重量比）で配合したものを用意した。
【表】
【表】 実施例 １ 精練した綿天笠編ニツトを、本発明の漂白性向
上剤を用いて漂白し、その漂白性を調べた。結果
は表２に示すとおりである。 ＜漂白条件＞ 使用水の硬度 25゜DH 浴 比 １対25 温 度 80℃ 時 間 30分 使用薬剤 表２参照 ＜評価＞ 処理した布の風合いは、官能検査法により判定
した。白度は、スガ試験機(株)製SMカラーコンピ
ユーターSM−３型を用いて測色し、Lab系の白
度式 Ｗ＝100−〔（100−Ｌ）2＋a2＋b2〕1/2 但し、Ｌ＝測定された明度 ａ＝測定されたクロマチツクネス指数 ｂ＝測定されたクロマチツクネス指数 によつて白度（Ｗ）を求め評価した。縫製性は、
布を４枚重ねにし本縫ミシンで針＃11Sを用いて
30cm空縫いした場合の地糸切れ箇所数で評価し
た。
【表】
【表】 表２の結果から明らかなように、過酸化水素と
カセイソーダ、３号ケイ酸ナトリウムのみによる
もの（No.１）は風合が硬く白度、縫製性も劣つて
おり、エチレンジアミンテトラアセチツクアシツ
ドや、比較配合例のものを併用したもの（No.２、
４）でも大巾な漂白性の改善はなされていない。
これに対して、本発明の漂白性向上剤を併用した
もの（No.５〜12）では風合がソフトであつて、白
度、縫製性にもすぐれていて良好な漂白性を示し
ている。また、本発明の配合品の原料の１つであ
るポリアクリル酸ソーダを併用したもの（No.３）
は風合がソフトであり、白度、縫製性もよいが、
本発明の漂白性向上剤のレベルには至つていな
い。 実施例 ２ ノリ抜きした未精練綿ブロードを鉄イオン存在
下で漂白し、その漂白性を調べた。結果を表３に
示す。 ＜漂白条件＞ Fe+++の濃度 5ppm 浴 比 １対80 温 度 80℃ 時 間 30分 使用薬剤 表３参照 ＜評価＞ 実施例１と同じ方法で白度（Ｗ）を求め評価し
た。又、引裂強さは、エレメンドルフ形引裂強さ
試験を用い、6.5cm×10cmの試験片（10cm方向に
たて糸が走る）の両づかみの中央で直角に２cmの
切れ目を入れ、残りの4.5cmが引裂かれたときに
示す最大荷重（ｇ）を３回はかり、その平均値を
求めて、未処理布の場合の数値で割り、引裂強さ
（％）とした。
【表】
【表】 表３の結果から明らかなように、過酸化水素と
カセイソーダのみによるもの（No.13）は白度が劣
つており、引裂強さの低下も大きい。比較配合例
１のもの、ジエチレントリアミンペンタアセチツ
クアシツド、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、グルコン酸
ソーダを併用したもの（No.14〜17）でも漂白性の
改良は充分でない。これに対して、本発明の漂白
性向上剤を併用したもの（No.18〜25）では良好な
漂白性を示している。 実施例 ３ すでに精練漂白した綿ツイルを高濃度の鉄イオ
ン存在下で漂白し、布の汚染性を評価した。結果
を表４に示す。 ＜漂白条件＞ Fe+++の濃度 20ppm 浴 比 １対80 温 度 80℃ 時 間 30分 使用薬剤 表４参照 ＜評価＞ 実施例２と同様の方法で白度（Ｗ）と引裂強さ
を求め、漂白性を評価した。 この場合、白度が原布に比べて小さい程布の汚
染が激しいことを示している。
【表】
【表】 表４の結果から明らかなように、過酸化水素と
カセイソーダのみによるもの（No.26）は、激しく
汚染されており、引裂強度も大きく低下してい
る。ジエチレントリアミンペンタアセチツクアシ
ツドやＤ−ソルビツト、比較配合例品、共重合体
等を併用したもの（No.27〜30）でも汚染の改良
はなされていない。これに対して、本発明による
漂白性向上剤を併用したもの（No.31〜38）では汚
染がほとんど防止されており、原布と変わらぬ白
度と引裂強度を示している。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １ (a) マレイン酸、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸
    からなる群から選ばれる１種もしくは２種以上
    を構成単位とする重合体もしくは共重合体ある
    いはそれらの塩、及び (b) 一般式CH2OH（CHOH）oCH2OHで表わされ
    る糖アルコール（式中ｎは２〜６の整数を示
    す）及び／又は一般式CH2OH（CHOH）o
    COOHで表わされるアルドン酸（式中ｎは２
    〜６の整数を示す）もしくはその水溶性塩類も
    しくはそのラクトン からなるセルロース系繊維用の漂白性向上剤。 ２ 前記の(a)及び(b)の重量混合比が(a)：(b)＝10〜
    90：90〜10である特許請求の範囲第１項記載のセ
    ルロース繊維用漂白性向上剤。 ３ 前記(a)の重合体もしくは共重合体あるいはそ
    れらの塩が300〜8000の数平均分子量を有するも
    のである特許請求の範囲第１項もしくは第２項記
    載のセルロース系繊維用漂白性向上剤。
JP60172073A 1985-08-05 1985-08-05 漂白性向上剤 Granted JPS6232195A (ja)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60172073A JPS6232195A (ja) 1985-08-05 1985-08-05 漂白性向上剤
CN86107481A CN1007523B (zh) 1985-08-05 1986-08-04 改进的漂白组合物
DE19863626361 DE3626361A1 (de) 1985-08-05 1986-08-04 Bleichverbesserungs-zusammensetzung
IT21410/86A IT1197844B (it) 1985-08-05 1986-08-05 Composizione per il miglioramento del candeggio
KR1019860006465A KR910002919B1 (ko) 1985-08-05 1986-08-05 표백 증진제
GB8619058A GB2178769B (en) 1985-08-05 1986-08-05 Bleaching improving composition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60172073A JPS6232195A (ja) 1985-08-05 1985-08-05 漂白性向上剤

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6232195A JPS6232195A (ja) 1987-02-12
JPS64502B2 true JPS64502B2 (ja) 1989-01-06

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JP (1) JPS6232195A (ja)
KR (1) KR910002919B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN1007523B (ja)
DE (1) DE3626361A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB2178769B (ja)
IT (1) IT1197844B (ja)

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DE19935258A1 (de) * 1999-07-27 2001-02-01 Henkel Kgaa Bleichmittelzusammensetzungen
DE102005005016A1 (de) * 2005-02-03 2006-08-10 Basf Ag Polymere hydrophobe Aminonitrilquats zur Bleichaktivierung
EP2228426A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-15 Rohm and Haas Company Scale-reducing additive for automatic dishwashing systems
CN103492632B (zh) * 2012-02-24 2015-07-08 日华化学株式会社 精炼漂白助剂及精炼漂白方法
CN105625013B (zh) * 2016-01-25 2018-02-16 苏州印丝特纺织数码科技有限公司 一种用于纺织的聚丙烯酸类双氧水稳定剂及其制备方法

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JPS50157667A (ja) * 1974-05-22 1975-12-19
JPS59211673A (ja) * 1983-05-12 1984-11-30 花王株式会社 漂白性向上剤
JPS59216973A (ja) * 1983-05-23 1984-12-07 花王株式会社 漂白性向上剤

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BE792031A (fr) * 1971-12-14 1973-03-16 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Procede pour la preparation de pulpes mecaniques
LU70411A1 (ja) * 1974-06-25 1976-04-13
LU74434A1 (ja) * 1976-02-25 1977-09-12
US4515597A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-05-07 Ciba Geigy Corporation Magnesium complexes of oligomeric phosphonic acid esters, a process for their preparation and their use as stabilizers in alkaline, peroxide-containing bleach liquors

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JPS50157667A (ja) * 1974-05-22 1975-12-19
JPS59211673A (ja) * 1983-05-12 1984-11-30 花王株式会社 漂白性向上剤
JPS59216973A (ja) * 1983-05-23 1984-12-07 花王株式会社 漂白性向上剤

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CN1007523B (zh) 1990-04-11
IT8621410A1 (it) 1988-02-05
CN86104895A (zh) 1987-02-04
KR870002323A (ko) 1987-03-30
KR910002919B1 (ko) 1991-05-10
IT8621410A0 (it) 1986-08-05
DE3626361A1 (de) 1987-02-12
GB8619058D0 (en) 1986-09-17
JPS6232195A (ja) 1987-02-12
GB2178769A (en) 1987-02-18
GB2178769B (en) 1989-04-05
IT1197844B (it) 1988-12-06

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