GB2178769A - Bleaching improving composition - Google Patents

Bleaching improving composition Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2178769A
GB2178769A GB08619058A GB8619058A GB2178769A GB 2178769 A GB2178769 A GB 2178769A GB 08619058 A GB08619058 A GB 08619058A GB 8619058 A GB8619058 A GB 8619058A GB 2178769 A GB2178769 A GB 2178769A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
bleaching
acid
gill
alcohol
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08619058A
Other versions
GB8619058D0 (en
GB2178769B (en
Inventor
Naoki Kyochika
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kao Corp
Original Assignee
Kao Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kao Corp filed Critical Kao Corp
Publication of GB8619058D0 publication Critical patent/GB8619058D0/en
Publication of GB2178769A publication Critical patent/GB2178769A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2178769B publication Critical patent/GB2178769B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
    • B22D11/0685—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/28—Plates therefor
    • B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
    • B25C5/02—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work
    • B25C5/0285—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation
    • B25C5/0292—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation with the objects to be stapled together introduced perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the tool in an opening formed by an anvil and a plunger
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/14—Registering devices with means for displacing the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/16—Registering devices with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B39/00—Increasing wheel adhesion
    • B60B39/003—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force
    • B60B39/006—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force characterised by a control system for the actuation of the rotating chain wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B55/00—Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
    • B65B55/02—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages
    • B65B55/022—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages of flexible containers having a filling and dispensing spout, e.g. containers of the "bag-in-box"-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/02—Closing containers or receptacles deformed by, or taking-up shape, of, contents, e.g. bags, sacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5861—Spouts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65G47/60—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices to or from conveyors of the suspended, e.g. trolley, type
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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    • C01F7/144—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
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Abstract

A bleaching improving composition particularly suitable for cellulose fibers comprises (a) a polymer, a copolymer or a salt thereof of maleic acid, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and (b-1) a saccharose alcohol having the formula: CH2OH(CHOH)nCH2OH in which n is an integer of 2 to 6, (b-2) an aldonic acid having the formula: CH2OH(CHON)nCOOH in which n is an integer of 2 to 6, (b-3) a water-soluble salt of the alcohol or the acid or (b-4) a lactone of the alcohol or the acid. The composition is added to bleaching agents comprising hydrogen peroxide, alkali and sodium silicate.

Description

SPECIFICATION Bleaching improving composition This invention concerns a bleaching improver composition. More specifically, this invention concerns a bleaching improverfor use with cellulose fibers capable of providing higherwhiteness, feeling and stitching property than usual in the case where the cellulosicfiber bleaching bath contains bleaching inhibiting factors such as hard ingredients.
In general, natural coloring matters still remain in the cellulose fibers ever after refining and bleaching of the fibers. Similarly colored matters also remain. Aconventional method of bleaching includes the peroxide bleaching, chlorine bleaching, sodium chlorite bleaching or the like and, among all, peroxide bleaching has generally been used broadly since it can carry out bleaching without damaging the fibers, in a simple oper ation and can obtain a long durability in whiteness.
The peroxide bleaching is conducted by oxidation and decomposition ofthe coloring matters in the cel lulose fibers, using the nascent oxygen coming from a peroxide. Since the oxidative decomposition is ef fectively carried out in a circumstance where the pH is alkaline, an alkali agent such as sodium hydroxide is used in combination and, further, sodium silicate is also used as a stabilizerfor the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under alkali.Accordingly,the bleaching composition comprises hydrogen peroxide, alkali (sodium hydroxide, etc) and sodium silicate (SiO2: Na2O = 2.5:1 in molar ratio). in the case of bleach ing thecellulosicfibers by using the composition, if the hardness of water is high, sodium silicate will be bonded with the hard ingredients in water to result in water-insoluble silicate such as calcium and mag nesium silicates, which are deposited on the fibers failing to improve the whiteness of cloths, harden and roughen the feeling and making the frictional coefficient with a sewing machine needleto bring about troubles in the stitching property. In view ofthe above, a solution forthe problem has been desired.In orderto improve the problems, while using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, hydroxylethylenediamine triacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, sodium tripolyphosphate, etc. have been used in combination depending on the case, their effects have not always been sufficient and can notyet provide a drastic solution forthe problems atthe present situation.
Further, in the hydrogen peroxide bleaching there is also involved a problem ofembrittlement ofcellulosic fibers due to contact of metal ions, particularly, of iron, copper, manganese and the like. That is,decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is promoted being caused by metal ions (mainly iron ions) or iron rusts included during the bleaching step from the water used orfrom the device to results in razor cut marks (scratches like those formed by razor cutting) or pinholes on the cellulosic fiber-knitted fabrics.In order to improve the problems, although it has been tried to add an amino carboxylate type organic chelating agents, particularly, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and the like, these chelating agents are not effective in the ordinary hydrogen peroxide bleaching conducted in the alkaline region since they show no chelating effect on iron ions in a high pH region (alkaline side). In view ofthe above, there has been known to use a sugaralcohol or aldonic acid, etc showing a chelating effect on iron in the high pH region in combination with an amino carboxylate type organic chelating agent (Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 30184/1986 and 30185/1986), but their effect is not always sufficient and has not yet attained a drastic solution at present.
Summary of the invention In view ofthe above, the present inventors have made an earnest study for dissolving the problems of failed bleaching as described aboveforthe cellulosicfiberand, as a result, have accomplished this invention on the findingsthattheforegoing problem can be solved by the combined use ofa specific polycarboxylicacid and a sugaralcohol and/oraldonicacid.
A bleaching improving composition ofthe invention is suitable for cellulose fibers and comprises (a) a polymer, a copolymer or a saltthereofofmaleicacid, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and (b-1) a saccharose alcohol having the formula: CH20H(CHOH)nCH20H in which n is an integer of 2 to 6, (b-2) an aldonic acid having the formula: CH20H(CHOH)nCH2COOH inwhichn isan integerof2to6, (b-3) a water-soluble saltofthe alcohol orthe acid or (b-4) a lactone ofthe alcohol orthe acid.
That is, this invention provides a bleaching improverfor use in cellulosicfibers comprising: (a) a polymer, a copolymerorthesaltthereof composed of one or more of elements selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as the constituent unit, and (b) a sugaralcohol represented by the general formula CH2OH(CHOH)nCH2OH (where n represents an integer from 2to 6) and/or an aldonic acid represented by the general formula CH2OH(CHOH)nCOOH (where nrepresents an integerfrom 2 to 6), a water soluble saltthereofora lactonthereof.
As the ingredient (a) in the bleaching improver according to this invention, those having a number average molecu lar weight of from 300 to 8000 are preferred.
The salt as the ingredient (a) usable herein can include alkali metal salts, ammonium salts and, further, alkanol amine salts such as diethanol amine and triethanol amine and not-neutralized portions may be left as they are to such an extent as not hindering the performance.
Further, the polymerorcopolymer usableasthe ingredient (a) to such an extent as not hindering the performance can include those obtained by copolymerizing monomers other than maleic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and such monomers usable herein can include acrylic amide, various kinds ofsulfonic acids such as methacryl sulfonic acid of vinyl sulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, various acrylic acid ester, various methacrylic acid esters, N-methylol acrylamide or other copolymerizable substances.
Sugaralcohol represented by the general formula: CH2OH(CHOH)nCH2OH as the ingredient (b) in the bleaching improver in this invention can include,forexample, D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, D-xylitol and erythromannooctitol. Further, aldonic acid represented by the general formula :CH2OH(CHOH)COOH can include, for example, those aldonicacids obtained from aldoses such as D-mannose, D-xylose and D-glucose. Furthermore, water soluble salts of these acids, for exam ple, sodium salt and potassium salt, or lactons of these acids may also be used.
The ingredients (a) and (b) as described above can be used in combination in the bleaching improverfor use in cellulosicfibers according to this invention, in which the mixing ratio between the ingredients (a) and (b) is preferably within a range of (a) : (b) = 10 - 90:90 - 10 and, more preferably, in a range of (a) : (b) = 40 60:60 - 40 by weight ratio.
The bleaching improverfor use in cellulosic fibers according to this invention may further be incorporated with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surface active agents within such an extent as not reducing the performance. The surface active agents that can be incorporated into the bleaching improverfor use in cellulosic fibers according to this invention can include, for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, sulfated polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sulfated fatty acid ester and betaine type amphoteric active agents.
A desired rangefor using the bleaching improver according to this invention generally ranges from 0.01 to 20 g (converted as solid content)/liter and, preferably, from 0.04to 10 g (converted as solid content)/litertothe bleaching bath.
Those cellulosicfibers being applicablewiththe bleaching improver according to this invention can in clude, in addition to natural cellulosefibers such as of cotton and linnen, mixed fibers composed ofthese natural cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester and acryl, further mixed fibers with semi-synthetisfibers such as acetate, and those mixed fibers with regenerated fibers such as rayon and cupra. Furthermore, they can be in any offorms upon bleaching such as fibers, yarns, slibers, cheese, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics and, furthermore, final fiber products such as cloths or bed room products.
Conventional methods can be applied as the method of bleaching the cellulosicfibers and those methods applicable can include pad-stream method, boiling methad under pressure, dipping method at atemperature aboutfrom 60"C to 1 00 C or like other methods.
In addition, the bleaching improver according to this invention can be applied not only to the bleaching as has been described above but also to the bleaching conducted simultaneously with other processes such as scouring-bleaching and desizing-scouring-bleaching.
By carrying outthe bleaching forthe cellulosic fibers while causing hydrogen peroxide, alkali and sodium silicate to be presenttogetherwith the bleaching improver according to this invention,thefibers can be provided with more excellent whiteness, feeling, sewing property, etc. as compared with the conventional bleaching method in the case where the water hardness is high or where the metal ions such as iron ions promoting the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide are contained in water.
Although itis not quite apparent at presentforthe mechanism capable of dissolving the problems offailed bleaching by causing the bleaching improver according to this invention to be presenttogetherwith hydrogen peroxide, alkali and sodium silicate upon bleaching the cellulosicfibers, it may be attributableto the excellent metal ion chelating performance possessed by the bleaching improver according to this invention. That is, in the case where the water hardness is high, the bleaching improver according to this invention chelate the hard ingredients to inhibit theformation of water-insoluble substances or dispersing the water- soluble substances coming from water and the fibers thereby preventing them from re-depositing on the fibers. In a case where promoting substances for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide such as iron ions are contained in the system, the improver chelates or disperses the metal ions thereby preventing them from being in contact with the fibers.
Example This invention will now be described specificallywhile referring to blended examples and working ex amplesbutthisinvention is no way limited only to these examples.
(Blended example) Those blended examples as shown in Table 1 were obtained as the bleaching improverfor use in cellulosic fibers according to this invention.
As the comparative blended example 1, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and D-sorbitol blended in 50: 50 (weight ratio) was prepared.
TABLE 1 Blended example Productofthe invention Ingredient Ingredient 123456 7 8 Sodium polyacrylate molecularweight, (about 5000) 40 60 10 Ammonium polyacrylate (molecularwegiht, about 8000) 20 (a) Sodium polymaleate (molecularweight, about 1000) 50 Sodium salt of copolymer (1) (monlecular weight, about 3000) 60 90 Sodium salt of copolymer (2) (molecularweight, about 6000) 30 D-sorbitol 60 50 70 90 (b) Sodium gluconate 80 40 40 10 (note) The blending ratio is parts by weight.
The molecular weight is represented by the number average molecular weight measured bytheVPO method (vapor pressure osmometry) Copolymer (1): maleic acid/acrylic acid = 0.1/1.0 (molar ratio) Copolymer (2): : maleic acid/acrylic acid = 1.0/1.0(molar ratio) Example 1 Knitted fabrics of scouring grey sheetings were bleached by using the bleaching improver according to this invention and the bleaching property was examined. The results are as shown in Table 2.
Bleaching condition Hardness water used 25 DH Bath ratio 1 :25 Temperature 80 C Time 30 min Chemicals used Refer to Table 2 Evaluation The feeling of the treated cloth was judged by the functional test method. The whiteness was measured by using a SM color computer Model SM-3 manufactured by Suga Tester K.K., and evaluated by determining the whiteness (W) according to the whiteness equation for the Lab system: W = 100 - ((100 - L)2 + a2 + b2)1/2 where L = brightness measured, a = chromaticness index measured b = chromaticness index measured.
The sewing property was evaluated by the number of disconnections resulting in ground yarns upon applying plane stitching for overlaidfourclothes over cm length using a needle 7F11S by a lock stitch sewing machine.
TABLE 2
No (11 (2) (31 (41 (51 (6) (71 (81 (91 (101 lii) (12) Hydrogenperoxide 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Sodium hydroxide (flake) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 N o (gill O 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 O N 5 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic (gill 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ID acid =ON o N 15) O O O O 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 O N O ~ (molecularweight,about5000l (gill Eo ~ Comparative compound examplel (gill a) t 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Compound O 0 0 0 2 0 O N O 0 O O example 1 (gill u, LO Compound example O (gill 0 0 0 0 O O O O 0 0 O 0 ~ Bleaching Compound v 0 a) t 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 N example 3 (gill 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 N Compound 11 example 4 (gill 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 (D O N ID O O O O N O O O O O O O N t example 5 (gill 0 O O 1r1 0 0 0 O O O O O O 0 2 Compound b, 6 (gill some some hard what soft what soft soft soft soft soft soft soft soft Compound hard hard example 7 (gill 90.5 91.1 O N O O 93.4 O 93.6 Q O 94.1 92.7 92.8 Compound example N O O O O O o o o o o o S < O N ID O O O O O O O O O O O (11 0 N ~ s aw E N n t ID tD 1 CO E o s ' E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E X .E .5 o r O O E > B o x x U E S sQ O = > E -- 3 E c; in .E O xn rO ( npoJd 2 I tn ffi aA!leJedUuoD uo!}u8Au!aT;083nP0Jd Feeling Whiteness (W value) Stitching property (number of disconnections for the ground yarn) As apparentfrom Table 2, sample (No. 1) bleached by using only hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and &num;3 sodium silicate were hard in the feeling and poor in the whiteness and stitching property, and samples (No.2-4) bleached by using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or samples of the comparative compoundin combination showed no remarkable improvement in the bleaching property.On the contrary, samples (No.5 - 12) bleached by using the bleaching improver according to this invention in combination showed soft feeling and were excellent in whiteness and stitching property thus exhibiting favorable bleaching property.
Furthermore, sample (No.3) bleached by using sodium polyacrylate as one of the starting materialsforthe compounding product ofthis invention in combination was soft in the failing and preferred in the whiteness and sewing property but it did not reach the level attained by the bleaching improver ofthe invention.
Example 2 Desized not-scoured cotton broad cloth was bleached underthe presence of iron ions to examine the bleaching property. The results are shown in Table 3.
Bleaching condition Fe+ @ concentration 5 ppm Bath ratio 1 :80 Temperature 80 C Time 30 min Chemicals used refer to Table 2 Evaluation Evaluation was made by determining the whiteness (W) by the same method as in Example 1. Tearstrength was measured using an Elemdorftearing tester by making a 2 cm cutata right angletothe middle portion of a test specimen sized 6.5 cm x 10cm (warp runs along the direction ofthe longer side) gripped at both ofthe ends, measuring three times the maximum weigth (g) exhibited at a point when the remaining 4.5 cm portions was torn, determining the average value thereofand dividing thevaluewith a value for not-treated cloth to estimatethe quotient as the tear strength.
TABLE 3
No (131 (14) (151 (16) (171 (18) (191 1201 (211 (22) (231 (241 (25) Hydroxideperoxide Ig/Il 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 LO hydroxide (flake """" 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Comparativecompound 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 example 1 (gIll t O N 2 O O O O O O O O O N It Diethylenetriamine penetaaceticacid (gIll O 0 2 0 0 0 0 O O O O 0 o2' ON00000000 " weight, about 50001 (gIll 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sodium gluconate (gIll 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Compound N O (gIll O O O O O O N 2 O O O 0 0 Bleaching 2 N O O O O O O N O 2 O O O .
0 = improver 3 (gIll 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 (gIll 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 '5 5 (gIll 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 O N O O O O N O O O cn 0 > 85.7 N 88.7 89.7 88.6 N O O O O 91.3 03 90.6 8 (gIll 71.6 N O O N 99.3 98.2 99.2 O 98.7 99.3 97.6 ID o N O N O O O 00 IS} t O N N O O O O O O O O O O O b n O N O O O O O O O O O O O O ID ~ 00 1 > m W t::D W W C7 3 N n S1' 15) s n , E E t 2 R E v o n Q m B oo m .~ r x, lonpoJd 2 I aA!TGJedUUOD UO!TUXAU!a4z}0lDllpOJd Whiteness (W Value) Tear strength (%) As apparent from the result of Table 3, the sample (No. 13) bleached by using only hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide was poor in the whiteness and showed great reduction in the tear strength. The sample (No.14) bleached by using the comparative blended example 1, ordiethylenetriamine pentaaceticacid, sodium polyacrylate and sodium gluconate in combination had no sufficiently improvement in the bleaching property.While on the other hand,the sample (No. 18-25) bleached by using the bleaching improver according to this invention in combination showed a favorable property.
Example 3 Cotton twill fabrics already applied with scouring-bleaching were bleached underthe presence of iron ions at a high concentration and the cloth contamination was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 4.
Bleaching condition Fe + concentration 2ppm Bath ratio 1:80 Temperature 80"C Time 30 mien Chemicals used refer to Table 4 Evaluation The bleaching property was evaluated by determining the whiteness (W) and the tear strength in the same methods as in Example 2.
This indicates that the cloth was contaminated more as the whiteness was lower as compared with the starting cloth.
As apparent from the result shown in Table 4, the sample (No.26) bleached by using only hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide was severely contaminated and the tear strength was reduced greatly as well.
The samples (27 - 30) bleached by using diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, D-sorbitol, comparative blended examples, copolymer (1) and the like in combination show no improvementforthe contamination.While on the other hand, the samples (No.31-38) bleached by using the bleaching improver according tothis invention in combination could substantially prevent the contamination, and showed the whiteness and tear strength similarto those of the starting cloth.
TABLE 4
No O N O O O O O O O O O O O N CO LD ~ peroxide (gIll 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 sodium hydroxide (flake) (gIll 2 O 2 2 2 2 2 2 O 2 2 2 2 0 Comparativecompound 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o N O 0 0 (gIll c" Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic O N 2 O O O O O O O O N O O N O O O O O O O O acid 1 > 0 O (gIll 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 a) 0 0 aw t (gIll O 0 0 0 2 0 O O O O 0 0 0 CL Compound example O O O O O O N O O O O O X 00 N Bleaching 2 (gIll 0 0 0 0 O N O 0 0 0 0 c" improver 3 (gIll O 0 0 0 O O O 2 0 0 0 O 1 Eo U 4 (gIll 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 5 (gIll O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 O X LC! 9 0) 7 O N O O O N O O O O O O O o LO 8 (gIll O O O O O O O O O O O 0 2 a ooooooo' O N O N O O O O O O 57.3 0 0 0 0 O S Ln ~ t X > O N N O O O O O O O O O O O L N CD o N O O O O O O O O O O O O t 1 > ~ 0D LO W W W W W W W W W W W W W o N n xl LS t3 1 > 00 < 5 C O O -' o o Ro x o O E . S ' s E x r O Q m B r snpoJd s I UO!lU&commat;AU!0U,}O}SnPOJd aA!}BJedUUOD F *(Note): Whiteness of the starting cloth was 93.5.

Claims (3)

1. A bleaching improving composition which comprises (a) a polymer, a copolymer or a salt thereof of maleic acid, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and (b-1) a saccharose alcohol having the formula: CH20H(CHOH)nCOOH in which n is an integer of 2 to 6, (b-2) an aldonic acid having the formula: CH20H(CHOH)nCH2COOH in which n is an integer of 2 to 6, (b-3) a water-soluble salt of the alcohol orthe acid or (b-4) a lactone of the alcohol or the acid.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1, which comprises 10 to 90 wt.% of (a) and 90 to 10 wt.% of(b-1), (b-2), (b-3) and/or (b-4).
3. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, in which said (a) has an average molecularweight of 300to 8,000.
GB8619058A 1985-08-05 1986-08-05 Bleaching improving composition Expired GB2178769B (en)

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EP2228426A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-15 Rohm and Haas Company Scale-reducing additive for automatic dishwashing systems
CN103492632B (en) * 2012-02-24 2015-07-08 日华化学株式会社 Agent and method for refining and bleaching
CN105625013B (en) * 2016-01-25 2018-02-16 苏州印丝特纺织数码科技有限公司 A kind of polyacrylic hydrogen peroxide stabilizer for being used to weave and preparation method thereof

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GB1524013A (en) * 1976-02-25 1978-09-06 Solvay Stabilisation of solutions of peroxidic bleaching compounds
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GB1470137A (en) * 1974-06-25 1977-04-14 Solvay Solid washing cleaning or bleaching compositions and their production and use
GB1524013A (en) * 1976-02-25 1978-09-06 Solvay Stabilisation of solutions of peroxidic bleaching compounds
EP0112801A1 (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-07-04 Ciba-Geigy Ag Magnesium complexes of oligomeric phosphonic-acid esters, process for their preparation and their use as stabilizers in bleaching baths containing alcaline peroxide

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