JPH05186789A - 潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents

潤滑油組成物

Info

Publication number
JPH05186789A
JPH05186789A JP4020409A JP2040992A JPH05186789A JP H05186789 A JPH05186789 A JP H05186789A JP 4020409 A JP4020409 A JP 4020409A JP 2040992 A JP2040992 A JP 2040992A JP H05186789 A JPH05186789 A JP H05186789A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
oil composition
group
weight
carbon atoms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4020409A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Katsuya Arai
克矢 新井
Toshikazu Tsukada
敏和 塚田
Hirotaka Tomizawa
広隆 富沢
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tonen General Sekiyu KK
Original Assignee
Tonen Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tonen Corp filed Critical Tonen Corp
Priority to JP4020409A priority Critical patent/JPH05186789A/ja
Priority to US08/089,130 priority patent/US5364545A/en
Publication of JPH05186789A publication Critical patent/JPH05186789A/ja
Priority to PCT/US1994/007663 priority patent/WO1995002027A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 低い摩擦係数で、かつ、銅腐食性の改善され
た潤滑油組成物を提供すること。また、初期から低い摩
擦係数を発現すると共に、銅腐食性の改善された潤滑油
組成物を提供すること。 【構成】 鉱油に、(a)オキシモリブデンモノグリセ
ライド及び/またはオキシモリブデンジエチラートアミ
ドを0.01〜10重量%、及び(b)ジチオりん酸亜
鉛及び/またはジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛を0.5〜7重
量%の各割合で配合してなる潤滑油組成物。さらに
(c)有機アミド化合物を0.01〜5重量%の割合で
配合してなる潤滑油組成物。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、潤滑油組成物に関し、
さらに詳しくは、低摩擦係数で、かつ、銅腐食性の改善
された潤滑油組成物に関する。また、本願発明は、銅腐
食性が改善されると共に、初期(なじみ運転時)から低
い摩擦係数を示す潤滑油組成物に関する。本発明の潤滑
油組成物は、エンジン油、ギヤ油、自動変速機油(AT
F)、パワーステアリング油(PS油)、スピンドル
油、油圧作動油、工業用潤滑油等として使用できる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】近年、自動車エンジン等の内燃機関は、
高出力化が進み、動弁系やシリンダ等のエンジン各部は
高温にさらされ、しかも金属どうしの単位時間あたりの
接触回数が増大するなど、過酷な条件に置かれるように
なった。エンジン油(内燃機関用潤滑油)は、潤滑油の
中でも過酷な条件下で使用され、特にエンジンの小型高
性能化(高速回転、高出力)に伴い、多様かつ高度な性
能が要求されるようになっている。
【0003】エンジン油に対する基本的な要求性能とし
ては、摩擦の低減、摩耗・焼付き防止、熱・酸化劣化防
止、清浄・分散、腐食防止、冷却・密封機能などであ
る。このため、各種添加剤の使用についての研究開発が
行われている。
【0004】例えば、特公平3−23595号公報に
は、特に4サイクルエンジンの機械摩擦損失の低減に優
れた潤滑油組成物として、100℃の動粘度が3〜20
cStである鉱油及び/または合成油に、(a)硫化オ
キシモリブデンオルガノホスホロジチオエート(以下、
MoDTPと略記)及び/またはモリブデンジチオカル
バメート(以下、MoDTCと略記)0.2〜5重量
%、(b)ジチオりん酸亜鉛0.1〜7重量%、(c)
アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸カルシウム0.1〜20重
量%、及び(d)アルケニルこはく酸イミド及び/また
はアルケニルこはく酸イミドのホウ素化合物誘導体1〜
15重量%を配合してなる潤滑油組成物が提案されてい
る。この潤滑油組成物によれば、混合/境界領域におけ
る摩擦係数を従来のエンジン油の1/3程度に低減する
ことができる。
【0005】一方、潤滑油は、使用中にエンジン内部の
金属を腐食しないことが重要な特性の1つである。腐食
の原因は、遊離硫黄、低級硫黄化合物または酸性物質で
あると考えられるが、銅板がこれらに最も敏感であるた
め、一般に潤滑油の腐食性については、銅板に対する腐
食性が評価される。銅腐食性を低減するためには、通
常、ベンゾトリアゾールなどの窒素系金属不活性化剤が
潤滑油に添加されるが、これらの添加量が多い場合には
シールゴムを硬化させる不都合を生じる ところが、摩擦低減のために、MoDTPやMoDTC
を前記公報に開示されているように0.2〜5重量%と
比較的多量に添加すると、銅に対する腐食作用(銅腐食
性)が激しくなるという問題が生じる。
【0006】また、MoDTPやMoDTCなどの有機
モリブデン化合物を添加した潤滑油組成物は、初期(な
じみ運転時)の摩擦係数が高いという問題がある。潤滑
油添加剤は、金属表面に吸着して境界潤滑膜を形成する
ことにより境界摩擦を低減する作用を行うが、これらの
有機モリブデン化合物は、金属表面に吸着して摩擦低減
効果が発現するまで比較的長時間を要する。
【0007】これらの有機モリブデン化合物を添加した
潤滑油組成物をエンジン油として使用した場合、自動車
の走行条件にもよるが、2000〜3000kmの走り
込みの後に摩擦低減効果が発現する。ところが、このよ
うな走り込みの後では、摩擦低減効果の発現時期と油交
換時期とが重なる場合があり、この場合にMoDTPや
MoDTCの添加量を増やしても、摩擦低減効果を早期
に発現させることにならず、逆に銅腐食性がさらに大き
くなる。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、低い
摩擦係数で、かつ、銅腐食性の改善された潤滑油組成物
を提供することにある。本発明の他の目的は、初期から
低い摩擦係数を発現すると共に、銅腐食性の改善された
潤滑油組成物を提供することにある。
【0009】本発明者らは、前記従来技術の問題点を克
服するために鋭意研究した結果、鉱油に、オキシモリブ
デンモノグリセライド及び/またはオキシモリブデンジ
エチラートアミド(以下、両者をMo Oxide系化
合物と略記)を、ジチオりん酸亜鉛(以下、ZnDTP
と略記)及び/またはジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛(以下、
ZnDTCと略記)と組み合わせて配合することによ
り、低摩擦係数で、銅腐食性の少ない潤滑油組成物の得
られることを見いだした。
【0010】Mo Oxide系化合物は、分子中に硫
黄原子を含まないため、MoDTPやMoDTCのよう
に銅腐食性を増大させることはない。さらに、ZnDT
P及び/またはZnDTCと組み合わせることにより、
摩耗の増大に起因する摩擦係数の増大を抑制することが
できる。
【0011】また、前記潤滑油組成物にさらに有機アミ
ド化合物を添加すると、初期の摩擦係数を低減すること
ができ、銅腐食性も少ないという特異な効果の得られる
ことを見いだした。本発明は、これらの知見に基づいて
完成するに至ったものである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】かくして、本発明によれ
ば、鉱油及び/または合成油に、(a)オキシモリブデ
ンモノグリセライド及びオキシモリブデンジエチラート
アミドからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の有機モ
リブデン化合物を全組成物基準で0.01〜10重量
%、及び(b)ジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジチオカルバミン
酸亜鉛からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の有機亜
鉛化合物を全組成物基準で0.5〜7重量%の各割合で
配合してなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物が提供され
る。また、本発明によれば、さらに(c)有機アミド化
合物を全組成物基準で0.01〜5重量%の割合で配合
してなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物が提供される。
【0013】以下、本発明について詳述する。本発明に
おいて潤滑油基油として使用する鉱油及び/または合成
油は、100℃の動粘度が通常3〜20cSt、好まし
くは4〜15cStである。鉱油としては、例えば、6
0ニュートラル油、100ニュートラル油、150ニュ
ートラル油、300ニュートラル油、500ニュートラ
ル油、ブライストックなどを挙げることができる。合成
油としては、例えば、ポリオレフィン、ポリグリコール
エステル、ポリオールエステル、りん酸エステル、シリ
コーンオイル、アルキルジフェニル、アルキルベンゼ
ン、二塩基酸エステルなどを挙げることができる。これ
らは、それぞれ単独で、あるいは2種以上を混合して使
用する。
【0014】本発明で使用するMo Oxide系化合
物は、下記の一般式Iで表されるオキシモリブデンモノ
グリセライド及び一般式IIで表されるオキシモリブデ
ンジエチラートアミドである。
【0015】一般式I
【0016】
【化1】 一般式II
【0017】
【化2】
【0018】一般式I及びII中、記号の意味は次のと
おりである。 R:水素原子;炭素数1〜20のアルキル基;炭素数6
〜26のシクロアルキル基;炭素数6〜26のアリール
基、アルキルアリール基またはアリールアルキル基;ま
たはエステル結合、エーテル結合、アルコール基または
カルボキシル基を含む炭化水素基である。
【0019】一般式I及びII中、Rは、好ましくは炭
素数6〜18の飽和または不飽和のアルキル基、炭素数
12〜24のシクロアルキル基、または炭素数12〜2
4のアルキルアリール基である。これらの好ましい具体
例としては、例えば、n−ヘキシル、2−エチルヘキシ
ル、n−オクチル、ノニル、デシル、ラウリル、トリデ
シル、オレイル、リノレイルなどの炭素数6〜18のア
ルキル基またはアルケニル基(不飽和アルキル基)、ノ
ニルフェニルなどの炭素数3〜18のアルキル基で置換
されたアルキルアリール基が挙げられる。
【0020】Mo Oxide系化合物の配合割合は、
それぞれ単独で使用する場合のみならず、両者を組み合
わせて使用する場合にも、全組成物基準で0.01〜1
0重量%、好ましくは0.05〜8重量%である。この
配合割合が0.01重量%未満であると、充分な摩擦低
減効果が得られず、逆に、過大であると、摩擦低減効果
が飽和する。
【0021】本発明で使用するZnDTP及びZnDT
Cは、それぞれ下記の一般式III及びIVで表される
有機亜鉛化合物である。 一般式III
【0022】
【化3】 一般式IV
【0023】
【化4】 一般式III及びIV中、各記号の意味は、次のとおり
である。
【0024】R1、R2:水素原子;炭素数1〜20のア
ルキル基;炭素数6〜26のシクロアルキル基;炭素数
6〜26のアリール基、アルキルアリール基またはアリ
ールアルキル基;またはエステル結合、エーテル結合、
アルコール基またはカルボキシル基を含む炭化水素基で
あり、互いに同一または異なっていてもよい。
【0025】一般式III及びIV中、R1及びR2は、
好ましくは炭素数2〜12のアルキル基、炭素数8〜1
8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数8〜18のアルキルアリ
ール基である。
【0026】ZnDTP及びZnDTCは、それぞれ単
独で、あるいはこれらを組み合わせて、全組成物基準で
0.5〜7重量%の割合で配合する。これらの化合物
は、極圧剤、酸化防止剤、腐食防止剤等の機能を有する
ものであり、この配合割合が過小であると、充分な添加
効果が現れず、逆に、過大であると、添加効果が飽和し
たり、あるいは低下する場合がある。
【0027】本発明で使用する有機アミド化合物は、下
記の一般式Vで表される化合物である。
【0028】一般式V
【0029】
【化5】
【0030】一般式V中、各記号の意味は、次のとおり
である。 R1、R2:水素原子;炭素数1〜20のアルキル基;炭
素数6〜26のシクロアルキル基;炭素数6〜26のア
リール基、アルキルアリール基またはアリールアルキル
基;または炭素数2〜30のアルキレンオキシド基であ
り、互いに同一または異なっていてもよい。 R3:水素原子;炭素数1〜20のアルキル基;炭素数
6〜26のシクロアルキル基;炭素数6〜26のアリー
ル基、アルキルアリール基またはアリールアルキル基;
またはエステル結合、エーテル結合、アルコール基また
はカルボキシル基を含む炭化水素基である。
【0031】ここで、アルキレンオキシド基とは、次の
一般式VI及び/またはVIIで表される基である。
【0032】一般式VI
【0033】
【化6】 一般式VII
【0034】
【化7】 一般式VI及びVII中、各記号の意味は、次のとおり
である。 n:1〜10の整数である。
【0035】R’:水素原子またはメチル基である。
【0036】一般式V中、R1及びR2は、好ましくは水
素原子、炭素数2〜8のアルキル基、炭素数8〜14の
シクロアルキル基、炭素数8〜14のアルキルアリール
基、n=1〜5のアルキレンオキシド基である。また、
一般式V中、R3は、好ましくは炭素数6〜18の飽和
または不飽和のアルキル基、炭素数12〜24のシクロ
アルキル基、または炭素数12〜24のアルキルアリー
ル基である。このような有機アミド化合物の具体例とし
ては、例えば、オレイン酸アミド、ラウリン酸アミドな
どが挙げられる。
【0037】有機アミド化合物の配合割合は、0.01
〜5重量%であり、好ましくは0.05〜2重量%であ
る。有機アミド化合物を添加することにより、銅腐食性
を抑制しつつ、初期から摩擦係数を低減させることがで
きる。この配合割合が過小であると、初期からの摩擦係
数低減効果が小さく、逆に、多過ぎると、効果が飽和す
る。
【0038】本発明の潤滑油組成物には、本発明の目的
を損なわない限り、必要に応じてその他の添加剤、例え
ば、その他の極圧剤、無灰清浄分散剤、酸化防止剤、金
属清浄剤、金属不活性化剤、粘度指数向上剤、流動点降
下剤、防錆剤、消泡剤、腐食防止剤などを適宜添加する
ことができる。
【0039】その他の極圧剤としては、例えば、硫化オ
キシモリブデンジチオカルバメート(MoDTC)や硫
化オキシモリブデンオルガノホスホロジチオエート(M
oDTP)などの有機モリブデン化合物を挙げることが
できる。ただし、これらの有機モリブデン化合物は、通
常、0.2重量%未満の割合で使用される。MoDTC
やMoDTPの使用割合が大きくなると、銅腐食性が著
しくなる。
【0040】無灰清浄分散剤としては、例えば、こはく
酸イミド系、こはく酸アミド系、ベンジルアミン系、エ
ステル系のもの等があり、ホウ素含有無灰清浄分散剤も
使用できる。これらは、通常、0.5〜7重量%の割合
で使用される。
【0041】酸化防止剤としては、例えば、アルキル化
ジフェニルアミン、フェニル−α−ナフチルアミン、ア
ルキル化−α−ナフチルアミン等のアミン系酸化防止
剤、2,6−ジ−ターシャリ−ブチルフェノール、4,
4′−メチレンビス−(2,6−ジターシャリブチルフ
ェノール)等のフェノール系酸化防止剤等を挙げること
ができ、これらは、通常、0.05〜2重量%の割合で
使用される。
【0042】金属清浄剤としては、例えば、Ca−スル
ホネート、Mg−スルホネート、Ba−スルホネート、
Ca−フェネート、Ba−フェネート等があり、これら
は、通常、0.1〜5重量%の割合で使用される。
【0043】金属不活性化剤としては、例えば、ベンゾ
トリアゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール誘導体、ベンゾチア
ゾール、ベンゾチアゾール誘導体、トリアゾール、トリ
アゾール誘導体、ジチオカルバメート、ジチオカルバメ
ート誘導体、インダゾール、インダゾール誘導体等を挙
げることができ、これらは、通常、0.005〜0.3
重量%の割合で使用される。
【0044】粘度指数向上剤としては、例えば、ポリメ
チルメタクリレート系、ポリイソブチレン系、エチレン
−プロピレン共重合体系、スチレン−ブタジエン水添共
重合体系等が挙げられ、通常、0.5〜35重量%の割
合で使用される。
【0045】防錆剤としては、例えば、アルケニルこは
く酸またはその部分エステル等が挙げられ、適宜添加す
ることができる。
【0046】消泡剤としては、例えば、ジメチルポリシ
ロキサン、ポリアクリレート等が挙げられ、適宜添加す
ることができる。
【0047】本発明の潤滑油組成物は、基油である鉱油
及び/または合成油に、前記各種添加剤を所定量配合し
て、均一に混合することにより得ることができる。本発
明の潤滑油組成物は、自動車のエンジン油をはじめ、ギ
ヤ油、ATF、PS油、スピンドル油、油圧作動油、工
業用潤滑油等として広範な分野に使用できる。
【0048】
【実施例】以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明につ
いてさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これらの実
施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【0049】物性の測定方法は、次のとおりである。 <摩擦係数の測定>微小振動型摩擦試験器(SRV)を
用いて各潤滑油の摩擦係数を測定した。
【0050】SRV試験器は、上部試験片として直径1
/2インチの鋼球(JIS G−4805に規定するS
UJ−2)を用い、下部試験片として鋼製(JIS G
−4805に規定するSUJ−2)の円盤を用いた。試
料油を下部試験片の上にたらし、上部試験片に上から荷
重をかけて下部試験片に押しつけたまま上部試験片を下
部試験片に平行に振動させた。下部試験片にかかる横荷
重を測定して摩擦係数(μ)を算出した。なお、摩擦係
数の測定は、上部試験片の振動を開始した後、5分後及
び20分後の2回行った。試験条件は、次のとおりであ
る。 荷 重:100N 温 度:130℃ 周波数:8Hz 振 幅:4mm
【0051】<銅腐食性>JIS K−2513「石油
製品銅板腐食試験方法」にしたがって、試験温度100
℃、試験時間3時間、及び試験管法により腐食性の試験
を行い、「銅板腐食標準」にしたがって銅板の変色状態
を観察し、細分記号1a〜4cで腐食性を評価した。な
お、細分記号の数字が小さいほど腐食性が小さく、アル
ファベット順に腐食性が順次大きくなる。具体的な評価
例は、次のとおりである。 1a:薄いオレンジ色で、仕上げ研磨銅板とほとんど同
じ色 1b:濃いオレンジ色 3a:黄銅色の上に赤茶色の模様
【0052】[実施例1〜6、比較例1〜2]鉱油(1
50ニュートラル鉱油;100℃での動粘度5.1cS
t)に、Ca−スルホネート4重量%、こはく酸イミド
5重量%、アルキル化ジフェニルアミン0.5重量%、
2,6−ジターシャリーブチルフェノール0.3重量
%、及び5−メチルベンゾトリアゾール0.02重量%
を配合すると共に、表1に示す各成分を混合して潤滑油
組成物を調製した。なお、各成分の重量%は、全組成物
基準であり、残余は鉱油の重量%である。物性の測定結
果を表1に示す。
【0053】各成分は、次のとおりである。 (1)Mo Oxide系化合物
【0054】
【化8】 (2)MoDTC
【0055】
【化9】 (ただし、2EHは、2エチルヘキシル基を表す。) (3)MoDTP
【0056】
【化10】 (ただし、2EHは、2エチルヘキシル基を表す。) (4)ZnDTP
【0057】
【化11】 (ただし、2EHは、2エチルヘキシル基を表す。) (5)ZnDTC
【0058】
【化12】 (ただし、2EHは、2エチルヘキシル基を表す。) (6)Ca−スルホネート
【0059】
【化13】 (ただし、Rは、炭素数10のアルキル基を表す。) (7)こはく酸イミド
【0060】
【化14】 (ただし、PiBは、ポリイソブチレンを表す。)
【0061】
【表1】
【0062】表1から明らかなように、本発明の実施例
1〜4の潤滑油組成物は、20分後の摩擦係数が小さ
く、しかも銅腐食性が小さい。これに対し、MoDTC
を0.30重量%配合した比較例1の潤滑油組成物は、
20分後の摩擦係数が大きく、しかも銅腐食性が著し
い。また、ZnDTPやZnDTCを併用しない比較例
2の潤滑油組成物は、経時により摩擦係数が増大する傾
向を示している。さらに、有機アミド化合物を併用した
実施例5〜6の潤滑油組成物は、5分後の摩擦係数が小
さく、初期から摩擦低減効果のあることがわかる。
【0063】
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、低い摩擦係数で、か
つ、銅腐食性の改善された潤滑油組成物が提供される。
また、本発明によれば、初期から低摩擦係数を発現する
と共に、銅腐食性の改善された潤滑油組成物が提供され
る。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C10M 137:10) C10N 10:04 10:12 30:12 40:04 40:08 70:00

Claims (2)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 鉱油及び/または合成油に、(a)オキ
    シモリブデンモノグリセライド及びオキシモリブデンジ
    エチラートアミドからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1
    種の有機モリブデン化合物を全組成物基準で0.01〜
    10重量%、及び(b)ジチオりん酸亜鉛及びジチオカ
    ルバミン酸亜鉛からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種
    の有機亜鉛化合物を全組成物基準で0.5〜7重量%の
    各割合で配合してなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
  2. 【請求項2】 さらに(c)有機アミド化合物を全組成
    物基準で0.01〜5重量%の割合で配合してなること
    を特徴とする請求項1記載の潤滑油組成物。
JP4020409A 1992-01-09 1992-01-09 潤滑油組成物 Pending JPH05186789A (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

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JP4020409A JPH05186789A (ja) 1992-01-09 1992-01-09 潤滑油組成物
US08/089,130 US5364545A (en) 1992-01-09 1993-07-09 Lubricating oil composition containing friction modifier and corrosion inhibitor
PCT/US1994/007663 WO1995002027A1 (en) 1992-01-09 1994-07-08 Lubricating oil composition containing friction modifier and corrosion inhibitor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4020409A JPH05186789A (ja) 1992-01-09 1992-01-09 潤滑油組成物
US08/089,130 US5364545A (en) 1992-01-09 1993-07-09 Lubricating oil composition containing friction modifier and corrosion inhibitor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05186789A true JPH05186789A (ja) 1993-07-27

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Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5364545A (ja)
JP (1) JPH05186789A (ja)
WO (1) WO1995002027A1 (ja)

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WO1995007965A1 (en) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-23 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Lubricant composition containing antiwear additive combination
EP0731829A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-09-18 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Lubrication oil composition
JP2005504142A (ja) * 2001-09-21 2005-02-10 アール.ティー.ヴァンダービルト カンパニー,インコーポレーテッド 改良された酸化防止添加剤組成物及びそれを含む潤滑組成物
JP2006117720A (ja) * 2004-10-19 2006-05-11 Nippon Oil Corp 銅−鉛腐食抑制剤及び潤滑油組成物
JP2006124537A (ja) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-18 Nippon Oil Corp 鉛含有金属材料に好適な潤滑油組成物
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JP2014031515A (ja) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-20 Infineum Internatl Ltd 潤滑油組成物
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JPH09263782A (ja) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-07 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 無段変速機油組成物
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US5364545A (en) 1994-11-15

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