JP7222154B2 - 補強繊維回収用反応装置および再生補強繊維の製造方法 - Google Patents
補強繊維回収用反応装置および再生補強繊維の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7222154B2 JP7222154B2 JP2022566889A JP2022566889A JP7222154B2 JP 7222154 B2 JP7222154 B2 JP 7222154B2 JP 2022566889 A JP2022566889 A JP 2022566889A JP 2022566889 A JP2022566889 A JP 2022566889A JP 7222154 B2 JP7222154 B2 JP 7222154B2
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/75—Plastic waste
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0436—Immersion baths
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Description
(1) 溶媒法により繊維強化樹脂材料から補強繊維を回収するために用いられる装置であって、
前記繊維強化樹脂材料と溶媒とを収容する反応槽と、
前記繊維強化樹脂材料を押圧可能な押圧部材を含み、収容された前記繊維強化樹脂材料を前記押圧部材により押圧することにより固定可能な固定機構と、を有する、補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(2) 前記押圧部材は、板状をなしている、(1)に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(3) 前記押圧部材は、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を押圧する押圧面を有し、押圧面と垂直な方向に往復可能である、(1)または(2)に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(4) 前記固定機構は、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を前記押圧部材と反対側から支持する支持部材を有する、(1)~(3)のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(5) 前記支持部材は、板状をなしている、(4)に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(6) 前記支持部材は、前記押圧部材へ向けた方向に往復可能である、(4)または(5)記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(7) さらに、前記支持部材を支持する弾性部材を有する、(4)~(6)のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(8) 前記弾性部材は、圧縮コイルばねである、(7)に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(9) さらに、前記支持部材の移動位置を規制する規制部材を有する、(4)~(8)のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(10) 前記反応槽は、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を投入するための開口部を有し、かつ、前記開口部が下方へ向けて傾くように、傾斜可能に構成されている、(1)~(9)のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(11) 前記補強繊維が炭素繊維である、(1)~(10)のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
(12) (1)~(11)のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置を用いて、補強繊維と樹脂成分とを含む繊維強化樹脂材料を溶媒を含む処理液により処理し、前記樹脂成分の少なくとも一部を前記処理液に溶解させる工程を有し、
前記工程において、前記繊維強化樹脂材料は、前記固定機構により固定された状態で、前記処理液により処理される、再生補強繊維の製造方法。
(13) 補強繊維と樹脂成分とを含む繊維強化樹脂材料を溶媒を含む処理液により処理し、前記樹脂成分の少なくとも一部を前記処理液に溶解させる工程を有し、
前記工程において、前記繊維強化樹脂材料は、押圧されることにより固定された状態で、前記処理液により処理される、再生補強繊維の製造方法。
(14) 前記工程において、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を固定した状態で、前記溶媒の攪拌を行う、(12)または(13)に記載の再生補強繊維の製造方法。
次に、本発明の一実施形態に係る再生補強繊維の製造方法について説明する。本発明に係る再生補強繊維の製造方法は、補強繊維と樹脂成分とを含む繊維強化樹脂材料を溶媒を含む処理液により処理し、前記樹脂成分の少なくとも一部を処理液に溶解させる溶解工程を有し、前記溶解工程において、前記繊維強化樹脂材料は、押圧されることにより固定された状態で、前記処理液により処理される。
まず、溶解工程に先立ち、溶解工程に供する繊維強化樹脂材料100を準備する。繊維強化樹脂材料は、上述したように、補強繊維が埋設されることにより強化された樹脂材料である。このような、繊維強化樹脂材料100としては、特に限定されず、例えば、炭素繊維強化プラスチック(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics;CFRP)、ガラス繊維強化プラスチック(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics;GFRP)、ガラス長繊維マット強化熱可塑性プラスチック(Glass-Mat reinforced Thermoplastics;GMT)、アラミド繊維強化プラスチック(Aramid-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics;AFRP)、ケブラー繊維強化プラスチック(Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Plastics;KFRP)、ダイニーマ繊維強化プラスチック(Dyneema Fiber-Reinforced Plastics;DFRP)、バサルト繊維強化プラスチック、ボロン繊維強化プラスチック、およびこれらのプリプレグ等が挙げられる。上述した中でも、炭素繊維強化プラスチックは、使用量が比較的多く、また炭素繊維の製造時における消費エネルギー量が多大であるため、使用済みの炭素繊維強化プラスチックおよび/またはこのプリプレグ中の炭素繊維を回収し、再利用することが望ましい。
本工程においては、準備した繊維強化樹脂材料100を溶媒を含む処理液200により処理し、樹脂成分の少なくとも一部を処理液200に溶解させる。本実施形態においては具体的には、図3、図4に示すように、繊維強化樹脂材料100と処理液200とを補強繊維回収用反応装置1の反応槽10の収容空間111に投入し、反応槽10中で処理する。以下、まず処理液200について説明し、その後具体的な手順について説明する。
本工程における処理液200は、少なくとも溶媒を含み、繊維強化樹脂材料100中の樹脂成分の少なくとも一部を溶解させる。ここで、本明細書において、「樹脂成分が溶解する」とは、樹脂成分自体が直接処理液200に溶解することのみならず、樹脂成分が分解して反応物を生成し、当該生成物が処理液200に溶解することをも含む。
脂肪族アルコール系としては、例えば、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-メチル-2-プロパノール、1-ペンタノール、2-ペンタノール、3-ペンタノール、2-メチル-1-ブタノール、2-メチル-2-ブタノール、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、3-メチル-2-ブタノール、2,2-ジメチル-1-プロパノール、1-ヘキサノール、2-ヘキサノール、3-ヘキサノール、2-エチルヘキサノール、2-メチル-1-ペンタノール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール、2-エチル-1-ブタノール、1-ヘプタノール、2-ヘプタノール、3-ヘプタノール、ドデカノール、メタノール、エタノール等の非環式脂肪族アルコールや、シクロヘキサノール、1-メチルシクロヘキサノール、2-メチルシクロヘキサノール、3-メチルシクロヘキサノール、4-メチルシクロヘキサノール等の脂環式アルコールが挙げられる。
グリコール系溶媒としては、例えば、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール(分子量200~400)、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、2,3-ブタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、ジプロピレングリコール等が挙げられる。
ハロゲン化芳香族炭化水素としては、例えば、オルトクロロフェノール、オルトジクロロベンゼン等が挙げられる。
ハロゲン化脂肪族炭化水素としては、例えば、クロロホルム、塩化メチレン等が挙げられる。
まず、図3に示すように、繊維強化樹脂材料100を反応槽10の収容空間111に投入する。本実施形態においては、繊維強化樹脂材料100は、固定機構30の押圧部材31と支持部材35との間に配置される。
処理液200による処理後には、図5に示すように、バルブ17を操作して排液口15を開放し、排液口15より処理液200を排出する。
次に、必要に応じて洗浄を行う。洗浄は、洗浄液を繊維強化樹脂材料100と接触させることにより行うことができる。具体的には、上記の溶解工程および脱液工程において、処理液200を洗浄液に置き換えることにより実施できる。ただし、洗浄時における洗浄液の温度や洗浄時間は、適宜設定できる。
以上のようにして繊維強化樹脂材料100から樹脂成分を溶解、除去した状態で、繊維強化樹脂材料100を乾燥してもよい。乾燥は、例えば、反応槽10の収容空間111内部に図示せぬ送気手段により気体を流通させることにより行うことができる。流通させる気体としては、特に限定されないが、安全面から、空気または窒素等の不活性ガスが好ましい。
以上の工程を経て、繊維強化樹脂材料100から補強繊維を回収し、再生補強繊維を得る。本工程においては、図6に示すように、支持台40の回転軸43を起点に反応槽10の開口部115を下方へ向けて傾けることで、再生補強繊維を用意に取り出すことができる。
次に、上述した本発明の実施形態のいくつかの変形例について説明する。以下、上述した実施形態との相違点を中心に説明し、同様の事項については説明を省略する。
10 反応槽
11 反応槽本体
13 温度調整ジャケット
15 排液口
17 バルブ
19 フランジ
20 蓋
21 蓋本体
23 注液口
25 排気口
27 フランジ
30 固定機構
31 押圧部材
33 制御部材
35 支持部材
37 弾性部材
39 規制部材
40 支持台
41 支持台本体
43 回転軸
100 繊維強化樹脂材料
200 処理液
Claims (11)
- 溶媒法により繊維強化樹脂材料から補強繊維を回収するために用いられる装置であって、
前記繊維強化樹脂材料と溶媒とを収容する反応槽と、
前記繊維強化樹脂材料を押圧可能な押圧部材および前記繊維強化樹脂材料を前記押圧部材と反対側から支持する支持部材を含み、収容された前記繊維強化樹脂材料を前記押圧部材により押圧することにより固定可能な固定機構と、を有し、
前記押圧部材は、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を押圧する押圧面を有し、押圧面と垂直な方向に往復可能である、補強繊維回収用反応装置。 - 前記押圧部材は、板状をなしている、請求項1に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- 前記支持部材は、板状をなしている、請求項1または2に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- 前記支持部材は、前記押圧部材へ向けた方向に往復可能である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- さらに、前記支持部材を支持する弾性部材を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- 前記弾性部材は、圧縮コイルばねである、請求項5に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- さらに、前記支持部材の移動位置を規制する規制部材を有する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- 前記反応槽は、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を投入するための開口部を有し、かつ、前記開口部が下方へ向けて傾くように、傾斜可能に構成されている、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- 前記補強繊維が炭素繊維である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の補強繊維回収用反応装置を用いて、補強繊維と樹脂成分とを含む繊維強化樹脂材料を溶媒を含む処理液により処理し、前記樹脂成分の少なくとも一部を前記処理液に溶解させる工程を有し、
前記工程において、前記繊維強化樹脂材料は、前記固定機構により固定された状態で、前記処理液により処理される、再生補強繊維の製造方法。 - 前記工程において、前記繊維強化樹脂材料を固定した状態で、前記溶媒の攪拌を行う、請求項10に記載の再生補強繊維の製造方法。
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US20170165876A1 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Method and apparatus for recovering fiber assembly from thermosetting resin composite materials and recovered fiber assembly thereby |
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