JP7192862B2 - ガラス - Google Patents
ガラス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7192862B2 JP7192862B2 JP2020522219A JP2020522219A JP7192862B2 JP 7192862 B2 JP7192862 B2 JP 7192862B2 JP 2020522219 A JP2020522219 A JP 2020522219A JP 2020522219 A JP2020522219 A JP 2020522219A JP 7192862 B2 JP7192862 B2 JP 7192862B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- film
- glass
- heating zone
- bus bar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 468
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 128
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 polypropylene, ethylene Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/023—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means
- B60S1/026—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means using electrical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
- B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
- B32B17/10385—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for ohmic resistance heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/03—Electrodes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
図1は、第1の実施の形態に係る車両用のフロントガラスを例示する図であり、図1(a)はフロントガラスを車室内から車室外に視認した様子を模式的に示した図である(フロントガラス20はZ方向を上方として車両に取り付けられた状態である)。図1(b)は、図1(a)に示すフロントガラス20をXZ方向に切ってY方向から視た断面図である。なお、図1(b)において、便宜上、フロントガラス20と共にデバイス300を図示しているが、デバイス300はフロントガラス20の構成要素ではない。
第2の実施の形態では、第1の実施の形態とは加熱領域の分割の仕方が異なる例を示す。なお、第2の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
第3の実施の形態では、加熱領域を分割するスリットが曲線である例を示す。なお、第3の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
第4の実施の形態では、平面視においてスリットを垂直方向に設ける例を示す。なお、第4の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
第5の実施の形態では、平面視においてスリットを斜め方向に設ける例を示す。なお、第5の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
第6の実施の形態では、合わせガラスにフィルムを設ける例を示す。なお、第6の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
第7の実施の形態では、第1の実施の形態とは異なる加熱要素を設ける例を示す。なお、第7の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
第8の実施の形態では、第1の実施の形態とは異なる加熱要素を設ける例を示す。なお、第8の実施の形態において、既に説明した実施の形態と同一構成部についての説明は省略する場合がある。
[実施例1]
実施例1では、図2に示すフィルム25を備えたフロントガラス20を作製した。フィルム25の平面形状は、上底20mm、下底90mm、高さ80mmの等脚台形とした。
実施例2では、図4に示すフィルム25Aを備えたフロントガラス20を作製した。フィルム25Aの平面形状は、実施例1と同様に、上底20mm、下底90mm、高さ80mmの等脚台形とした。
比較例1として、図3(a)に示すフィルム25Xを備えたフロントガラス20を作製した。フィルム25Xの平面形状は、実施例1及び2と同様に、上底20mm、下底90mm、高さ80mmの等脚台形とした。但し、フィルム25Xにはスリットを設けていないため、加熱領域は1つである。従って、加熱領域の最小極間距離l1は20mm、最大極間距離l2は90mmである。
最小極間距離l1、最大極間距離l2としたとき、各々の加熱領域における発熱量最大地点と発熱量最小地点との発熱量の比P1:P2は、l2 2(最大極間距離の2乗):l1 2(最小極間距離の2乗)と等しくなる。そこで、比較例1、実施例1、及び実施例2において、発熱分布を評価するための指標として各々の加熱領域におけるl2 2/l1 2を求め、結果を表1にまとめた。
21、22 ガラス板
23 中間膜
24 遮蔽層
25、25A、25B、25C、25D、25G、25H フィルム
26 情報送受信領域
29 粘着層
251 基材
252、258a1、258a2、258a3、258a4、258a5 加熱要素
253 バスバー
254 保護膜
300 デバイス
Claims (13)
- 車両用のガラスであって、
ガラス板と、
前記ガラスに画定された、車両内に搭載されるデバイスが情報を送信及び/又は受信する情報送受信領域と、
前記ガラス板の車内側の、平面視において、前記情報送受信領域と重複する領域に貼り付けられた、前記情報送受信領域を加熱可能なフィルムと、を有し、
前記フィルムは、基材と、前記基材上に形成された加熱要素と、前記加熱要素に接続されるバスバーと、を備え、
前記フィルムは、前記情報送受信領域において前記加熱要素が2つ以上の加熱領域に分割された加熱ゾーンを有し、
前記2つ以上の加熱領域が、少なくとも1つのバスバーを共有し、直列に接続され、
前記加熱ゾーンは、1組の前記バスバー間に通電することにより加熱される区域であり、
1組の前記バスバー間の距離が最も遠い場所の直線距離の2乗と、1組の前記バスバー間の距離が最も近い場所の直線距離の2乗との比が1.2以上であるガラス。 - 前記ガラスに画定された、JIS規格R3212で規定される試験領域Aを有し、
前記フィルムは、前記ガラス板の車内側の、平面視において、前記試験領域Aの外側であって前記情報送受信領域と重複する領域に貼り付けられている請求項1に記載のガラス。 - 前記加熱ゾーンは、直列に接続された加熱領域を含む第1加熱ゾーンと、前記直列に接続された加熱領域とは異なる加熱領域を含む第2加熱ゾーンと、を有し、
前記第1加熱ゾーンと前記第2加熱ゾーンとが並列に接続された請求項1又は2に記載のガラス。 - 前記加熱ゾーンは、前記加熱ゾーンに設けられた少なくとも1本のスリットにより前記2つ以上の加熱領域に分割されている請求項1乃至3の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記スリットの少なくとも一部が曲線状である請求項4に記載のガラス。
- 前記スリットの幅が0.3mm以下である請求項4又は5に記載のガラス。
- 前記スリットを2本以上有し、隣接する前記スリットの間隔が10mm以上である請求項4乃至6の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記フィルムを含めた前記情報送受信領域の可視光透過率Tvは、70%以上である請求項1乃至7の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記フィルムを含めた前記情報送受信領域のヘイズは、1%以下である請求項1乃至8の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記加熱要素は、金、銀、銅、又はスズドープ酸化インジウムから形成されている請求項1乃至9の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記バスバーは、銀、銅、錫、金、アルミニウム、鉄、タングステン、クロムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの金属、前記群から選択される2つ以上の金属を含む合金、又は導電性有機ポリマーから形成されている請求項1乃至10の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記基材は、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリエーテル、ポリスルフォン、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリイミド、アラミド、プリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリエチル酢酸ビニルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上の材料から形成されている請求項1乃至11の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
- 前記基材の厚さは5μm以上500μm以下である請求項1乃至12の何れか一項に記載のガラス。
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CN115119541A (zh) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-09-27 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 具有可加热的传感器区的玻璃板 |
US20240210686A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2024-06-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Composite pane for a head-up display comprising a heatable sensor region |
CN113954465A (zh) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-21 | 福耀科技发展(苏州)有限公司 | 夹层玻璃及汽车 |
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