JP7135107B2 - 負極活物質用複合粒子及びそれを含む全固体電池用負極 - Google Patents
負極活物質用複合粒子及びそれを含む全固体電池用負極 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7135107B2 JP7135107B2 JP2020557916A JP2020557916A JP7135107B2 JP 7135107 B2 JP7135107 B2 JP 7135107B2 JP 2020557916 A JP2020557916 A JP 2020557916A JP 2020557916 A JP2020557916 A JP 2020557916A JP 7135107 B2 JP7135107 B2 JP 7135107B2
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Images
Classifications
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- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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Description
本発明は、負極の高密度化が可能であって、高容量特性及びサイクル特性に優れた全固体電池用負極活物質に関する。
本発明は、前記複合粒子を製造する方法を提供する。前記複合粒子は、上述したような黒鉛材料、導電材及び固体電解質を含む混合物を用意し、前記混合物を機械的外力で球状化する造粒化工程を行うことで、黒鉛材料、導電材及び固体電解質が一体的に形成された粒子を収得することができる。
本発明は、電気化学素子用負極に関し、前記電気化学素子は、固体電解質を使用する全固体電池であることが望ましい。
本発明は、全固体電池に関し、前記全固体電池は正極、負極、及び前記正極と負極との間に介在された固体電解質膜を含み、前記負極は、本発明によるものであって、上述した構成的特徴を有する。
実施例1
板状天然黒鉛(BTR社製UP10、平均粒径(D50)=9μm)とLi7La3Zr2O12とカーボンブラックとを84:15:1の重量比で500ml容量の遊星ミキサー(プライミクス社製、2P-03)に投入し、50rpmの速度で常温で60分間撹拌して混合物を製造した。遊星ミキサーの温度は40℃に維持した。得られた混合物をメカノフュージョン装置(ホソカワミクロン社製NOB-130-VC)に投入し、3,000rpmで30分間圧縮せん断応力を加えて複合粒子を製造した。このとき、メカノフュージョン装置の温度は40℃に維持した。得られた複合粒子の粒径は約15μmであった。粒径及び粒度分布は、複合粒子をキシレンに1,000倍に希釈し、マルバーン社製のマスターサイザー3000を用いて測定した。
板状天然黒鉛(BTR社製UP10、平均粒径(D50)=9μm)とLi2S-P2S5とカーボンブラックとを表1の比率で500ml容量の遊星ミキサー(プライミクス社製、2P-03)に投入し、50rpmの速度で常温で60分間撹拌して混合物を製造した。遊星ミキサーの温度は40℃に維持した。得られた混合物をメカノフュージョン装置(ホソカワミクロン社製NOB-130-VC)に投入し、3,000rpmで30分間圧縮せん断応力を加えて複合粒子を製造した。このとき、メカノフュージョン装置の温度は40℃に維持した。得られた複合粒子の粒径は約15μmであった。粒径及び粒度分布は、複合粒子をキシレンに1,000倍に希釈し、マルバーン社製のマスターサイザー3000を用いて測定した。図3は、実施例2の複合粒子のSEMイメージである。図面から、板状粒子が球状に造粒されながら、粒子間の間隙が固体電解質と導電材との混合物で埋められ、複合粒子の表面は前記混合物で被覆されていることが確認できる。それぞれの材料の混合比率(重量%)は、下記表1のようである。
板状天然黒鉛(BTR社製UP10、平均粒径(D50)=9μm)とLi2S-P2S5とカーボンブラックとを84:15:1の重量比で500ml容量の遊星ミキサー(プライミクス社製、2P-03)に投入し、50rpmの速度で常温で60分間撹拌して混合物を製造した。遊星ミキサーの温度は40℃に維持した。得られた混合物をメカノフュージョン装置(ホソカワミクロン社製NOB-130-VC)に投入し、4,000rpmで15分間圧縮せん断応力を加えて複合粒子を製造した。このとき、メカノフュージョン装置の温度は40℃に維持した。得られた複合粒子の粒径は約11μmであった。粒径及び粒度分布は、複合粒子をキシレンに1,000倍に希釈し、マルバーン社製のマスターサイザー3000を用いて測定した。
メカノフュージョン装置を用いて2,000rpmで60分間圧縮せん断応力を加え、粒径約19μmの複合粒子を収得したことを除き、実施例5と同じ方法で複合粒子を製造した。
板状天然黒鉛(BTR社製UP5、平均粒径(D50)=5μm)とLi2S-P2S5とカーボンブラックとを84:15:1の重量比で500ml容量の遊星ミキサー(プライミクス社製、2P-03)に投入し、50rpmの速度で常温で60分間撹拌して混合物を製造した。遊星ミキサーの温度は40℃に維持した。得られた混合物をメカノフュージョン装置(ホソカワミクロン社製NOB-130-VC)に投入し、3,000rpmで30分間圧縮せん断応力を加えて複合粒子を製造した。このとき、メカノフュージョン装置の温度は40℃に維持した。得られた複合粒子の粒径は約13.8μmであった。粒径及び粒度分布は、複合粒子をキシレンに1,000倍に希釈し、マルバーン社製のマスターサイザー3000を用いて測定した。
導電材及び固体電解質を投入せず、板状黒鉛のみを使用したことを除き、実施例1と同じ方法で活物質粒子を製造した。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた複合粒子を負極活物質として使用して負極を製造した。負極の組成は、下記表2のようにして用意した。比較例1-1及び比較例1-2は、前記比較例1の複合粒子を使用したものであり、表2に示されたように固体電解質材料を変えて製造したものである。各実施例及び比較例で得られた負極活物質は、約355mAh/gの電気容量を示した。活物質、固体電解質、導電材及びバインダーを表2のように混合して電極合剤を製造し、前記電極合剤を銅薄板(厚さ20μm)にコーティングし、常温で圧延して負極を製造した。得られた負極における負極活物質のローディング量は電極面積を基準にして9.2mg/cm2であり、その電気容量は電極面積を基準にして3.27mAh/cm2であり、気孔度は22%であった。前記気孔度は、電極材料の組成比及び各成分の密度から電極活物質層の真密度を計算した後、見掛け密度と真密度との差から電極活物質層の気孔度を計算した。
対極としてリチウム金属を使用し、前記製造例2で製造した各電極を用いて電池(コイン型ハーフセル)を製造した。使用する電極の間には固体電解質膜(70μm、2.8×10-3S/cm、Li10SnP2S12)を介在させた。
各実施例及び比較例で製造した電池に対し、初期容量とサイクル特性を確認した。最初3サイクルは、0.05CのCC(定電流(Constant Current))モードで0.05Vまで充電した後、0.05Cの電流密度までCV(定電圧(Constant Voltage))モードで充電し、0.05CのCCモードで1.5Vまで放電した。4サイクルからは0.3CのCCモードで0.05Vまで充電した後、0.05Cの電流密度までCVモードで充電し、0.3CのCCモードで1.5Vまで放電した。これを30サイクルまで繰り返し、容量維持率を比べた。本実験で容量維持率は、下記数式1に基づいて計算した。
容量維持率(%)=[30thサイクル放電容量/2ndサイクル放電容量]×100
Claims (8)
- 黒鉛粒子を含み、
前記黒鉛粒子は、黒鉛材料の造粒物であり、
前記黒鉛材料は、天然黒鉛及び人造黒鉛のいずれか一つに由来したものであり、
前記黒鉛粒子の黒鉛材料同士の間隙は、固体電解質及び導電材から成る第1混合物で充填され、前記黒鉛粒子の外部表面の全部または少なくとも一部が、前記第1混合物で被覆されており、
前記導電材が、カーボンブラック、導電性繊維、金属粉末、チタン酸カリウム、導電性ウィスカー、導電性金属酸化物、ポリフェニレン誘導体から選択された1種または2種以上の混合物を含む、負極活物質用複合粒子。 - レーザー回折法で測定された前記複合粒子の粒径が、5μm~50μmである、請求項1に記載の負極活物質用複合粒子。
- 前記天然黒鉛が、板状、鱗片状、破砕状、楕円状及びウィスカー状の天然黒鉛から選択された1種以上の天然黒鉛である、請求項1または2に記載の負極活物質用複合粒子。
- 前記複合粒子100重量%に対する前記固体電解質の含量が、3重量%~50重量%である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の負極活物質用複合粒子。
- 前記固体電解質が、硫化物系固体電解質を含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の負極活物質用複合粒子。
- 負極活物質用複合粒子を製造する方法であって、
黒鉛材料、導電材及び固体電解質を含む第2混合物を用意する段階と、
前記第2混合物を機械的外力で球状化する造粒化工程を行って、前記黒鉛材料、前記導電材及び前記固体電解質が一体的に形成された複合粒子を収得する段階と、
を含み、
前記複合粒子が請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のものである、複合粒子を製造する方法。 - 前記第2混合物が、前記黒鉛材料49重量%~95重量%、前記固体電解質3重量%~50重量%、及び前記導電材1重量%~10重量%を含む、請求項6に記載の複合粒子を製造する方法。
- 負極、正極及び前記負極と正極との間に介在される固体電解質膜を含み、前記負極が負極活物質として請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の複合粒子を含む、全固体電池。
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CN108604682B (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2021-09-17 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池用负极活性物质 |
JP6724571B2 (ja) | 2016-06-07 | 2020-07-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 固体電池 |
KR101887766B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-08-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 활물질 복합 입자, 이를 포함하는 전극 복합체와 이들의 제조방법 및 전고체 전지 |
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WO2019065030A1 (ja) | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-04 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 全固体二次電池電極用複合粒子およびその製造方法、全固体二次電池用電極、並びに、全固体二次電池 |
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CN111886723B (zh) | 2023-09-19 |
KR102289966B1 (ko) | 2021-08-13 |
WO2019226020A1 (ko) | 2019-11-28 |
US20210184218A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
KR20190134537A (ko) | 2019-12-04 |
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