JP6932413B2 - 複合正極活物質、その製造方法、それを含む正極、及びそれを含むリチウム電池 - Google Patents
複合正極活物質、その製造方法、それを含む正極、及びそれを含むリチウム電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6932413B2 JP6932413B2 JP2015253722A JP2015253722A JP6932413B2 JP 6932413 B2 JP6932413 B2 JP 6932413B2 JP 2015253722 A JP2015253722 A JP 2015253722A JP 2015253722 A JP2015253722 A JP 2015253722A JP 6932413 B2 JP6932413 B2 JP 6932413B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- chemical formula
- composite positive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 114
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 103
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 79
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 65
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GLMOMDXKLRBTDY-UHFFFAOYSA-A [V+5].[V+5].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [V+5].[V+5].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GLMOMDXKLRBTDY-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012002 vanadium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CPLPNZFTIJOEIN-UHFFFAOYSA-I [V+5].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O Chemical compound [V+5].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O CPLPNZFTIJOEIN-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 4
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)CO QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloroethane Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-hexanedione Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(C)=O OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylfuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)O CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)=O ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MXLMTQWGSQIYOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2-butanol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)O MXLMTQWGSQIYOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HTSABYAWKQAHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcyclohexanol Chemical compound CC1CCCC(O)C1 HTSABYAWKQAHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWTBVKIGCDZRPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentanol Chemical compound CCC(C)CCO IWTBVKIGCDZRPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CCC HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CC1CCC(O)CC1 MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heptan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CC RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCC ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940022663 acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VYZTZRKJVQZNIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid tantalum Chemical compound [Ta].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O VYZTZRKJVQZNIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUKGYYKBILRGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 QUKGYYKBILRGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl formate Chemical compound CCCCOC=O NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl oxalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=O)OCC WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGAZZOYFWWSOGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-3-one Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)CC NGAZZOYFWWSOGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGFNRWTWDWVHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(C)C RGFNRWTWDWVHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CO KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDPWMGUFXYRDRG-UHFFFAOYSA-I niobium(5+) pentaacetate Chemical compound [Nb+5].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LDPWMGUFXYRDRG-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)O SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- JYVLIDXNZAXMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCC(C)O JYVLIDXNZAXMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OPBPKFFRPGKDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-A tantalum(5+) pentaphosphate Chemical compound [Ta+5].[Ta+5].[Ta+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O OPBPKFFRPGKDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001618 (3R)-3-methylpentan-1-ol Substances 0.000 description 1
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWJTVLCUPQWXQU-WQMAPKSTSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;dimethyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC QWJTVLCUPQWXQU-WQMAPKSTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIQRGMUSBYGDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RIQRGMUSBYGDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVLAWKAXOMEXPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVLAWKAXOMEXPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)Cl FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1OC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005968 1-Decanol Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTBOTOBFGSVRMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylcyclohexanol Chemical compound CC1(O)CCCCC1 VTBOTOBFGSVRMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol Natural products CCCCC(O)CCC WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQLKZWRSOHTERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(CC)COC(C)=O HQLKZWRSOHTERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVMSWPWPYJVYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpropyl formate Chemical compound CC(C)COC=O AVMSWPWPYJVYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZYRSLHNPKPEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1-butanol Chemical compound CCC(CC)CO TZYRSLHNPKPEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOYWLLHHWAMFCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(C)=O WOYWLLHHWAMFCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTFKRVXLBCAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1C DTFKRVXLBCAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COAUHYBSXMIJDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl COAUHYBSXMIJDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BODRLKRKPXBDBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CC(C)(C)C BODRLKRKPXBDBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)CC1 VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBKMJZAKWQTTHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyldioxolane Chemical compound CC1COOC1 LBKMJZAKWQTTHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPIVYSAVIPTCCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpentan-2-yl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)OC(C)=O CPIVYSAVIPTCCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYLLIJHXUHJATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 YYLLIJHXUHJATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXQPUEQDBSPXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisobutylcarbinol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)CC(C)C HXQPUEQDBSPXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012722 Li3N-LiI-LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012716 Li3N-LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012734 Li3N—LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013043 Li3PO4-Li2S-SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013035 Li3PO4-Li2S—SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012810 Li3PO4—Li2S-SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012797 Li3PO4—Li2S—SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012047 Li4SiO4-LiI-LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012075 Li4SiO4-LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012057 Li4SiO4—LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015118 LiMO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021550 Vanadium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLJDSHNOFWICBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P]=O.[Fe].[Li] Chemical compound [P]=O.[Fe].[Li] RLJDSHNOFWICBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZFUOHYXCLYSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V+5].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [V+5].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AZFUOHYXCLYSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPTNXMGXEGQYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;1-methoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCC(O)OC IPTNXMGXEGQYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088601 alpha-terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid n-propyl ester Natural products CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940007550 benzyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002903 benzyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021475 bohrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEZRYPDIMOWBDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dcm dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl.ClCCl DEZRYPDIMOWBDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXBZKSAZUVJHFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl propanedioate oxalic acid Chemical compound C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(CC(=O)OCC)(=O)OCC JXBZKSAZUVJHFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl malonate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=O)OC BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010218 electron microscopic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JSLCOZYBKYHZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C(C)C JSLCOZYBKYHZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesityl oxide Natural products CC(C)=CC(C)=O SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)C RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUJRRRAEVBRSIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+) pentanitrate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KUJRRRAEVBRSIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIDYTZRUUWUVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-D niobium(5+) pentasulfate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[Nb+5].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IIDYTZRUUWUVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BNIXVQGCZULYKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BNIXVQGCZULYKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachloroniobium Chemical compound Cl[Nb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- RPESBQCJGHJMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachlorovanadium Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+5] RPESBQCJGHJMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)CC AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052696 pnictogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCC#C TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYNXQOUDSWHQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum(5+) pentanitrate Chemical compound [Ta+5].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYNXQOUDSWHQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUSPVAHLRCJNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-D tantalum(5+) pentasulfate Chemical compound [Ta+5].[Ta+5].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WUSPVAHLRCJNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I tantalum(v) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ta](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLOPEOIIELCUML-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadium(2+);sulfate Chemical compound [V+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VLOPEOIIELCUML-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
(化学式1)
MxPyOz
前記化学式1で、Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された一つ以上であり、1≦y/x≦1.33であり、4≦z/y≦5である。
(化学式2)
LiM2O4
前記化学式2で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、マンガン(Mn)及びコバルト(Co)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、
(化学式3)
Li1+xM1−xO2
前記化学式3で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、0<x≦0.3であり、
(化学式4)
LiaNibCocMndMeO2
前記化学式4で、1.1≦a<1.5、0<b<1、0≦c<1、0<d<1、0≦e<1及び0<b+c+d+e<1であり、Mは、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上である。
(化学式5)
Li1+x1M1−x1O2
前記化学式5で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、0.1≦x1≦0.3である。
(化学式1)
MxPyOz
前記化学式1で、Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された一つ以上であり、1≦y/x≦1.33であり、4≦z/y≦5である。
(化学式1)
MxPyOz
前記化学式1で、Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された一つ以上であり、1≦y/x≦1.33であり、4≦z/y≦5の範囲を有する。
LiM2O4
前記化学式2で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)及びマンガン(Mn)からなる群から選択された1以上である。
Li1+xM1−xO2
前記化学式3で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、0<x≦0.3である。
LiaNibCocMndMeO2
前記化学式4で、1.1≦a<1.5、0<b<1、0≦c<1、0<d<1、0≦e<1及び0<b+c+d+e<1であり、Mは、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上である。
(化学式5)
Li1+x1M1−x1O2
前記化学式5で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、0.1≦x1≦0.3である。
(化学式1)
MxPyOz
前記化学式1で、Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された1以上であり、1≦y/x≦1.33、4≦z/y≦5である。
LiaNibCocMndO2
前記化学式6で、0.90≦a<1.5、0<b≦0.9、0<c≦0.5、0<d≦0.9である。
Li2MnO3
LiMO2
前記化学式8で、Mは、Mn、Fe、CoまたはNiである。
2Mの硫酸ニッケル水溶液(NiSO4・6(H2O)、Aldrich社製)、2Mの硫酸コバルト水溶液(CoSO4・7(H2O)、Aldrich社製)、及び2Mの硫酸マンガン水溶液(MnSO4・H2O、Aldrich社製)をそれぞれ準備した。その後、当該硫酸ニッケル水溶液、硫酸コバルト水溶液及び硫酸マンガン水溶液に含まれたニッケル、コバルト及びマンガンのモル比が、それぞれ0.133:0.133:0.534になるように、当該硫酸ニッケル水溶液、硫酸コバルト水溶液及び硫酸マンガン水溶液を混合して混合溶液を準備した。当該混合溶液を、2MのNaOH水溶液と共に、3mL/minの速度で、0.2MのNH4OH溶液4Lに投入し、pH11を維持しながら、10時間反応させた後で得た沈殿物を濾別した。当該沈殿物を水で洗浄した後で乾燥させ、Li:Ni:Co:Mnのモル比が1.2:0.133:0.133:0.534になるように、Li2CO3(Aldrich社製)と混合した後、950℃で大気下で5時間熱処理し、リチウム複合酸化物(Li1.2Ni0.133Co0.133Mn0.534O2)を得た。
酢酸バナジウム5gに蒸溜水100mlを加え、ここに、エタノール150mlを添加した。この混合物に、リン酸二アンモニウム((NH4)2HPO4)2.54gを蒸溜水100mlに溶かした溶液を添加した後、約6時間撹拌した。
非晶質バナジウムリン酸塩(VPO4)及びOLOを、20:80重量比及び10:90重量比でそれぞれ混合したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法によって実施し、複合正極活物質を得た。
酢酸バナジウム1.19gを蒸溜水50mlに溶解し、それをメタノール75mlと混合した。結果物に、OLO(Li1.2Ni0.133Co0.133Mn0.534O2)10gとリン酸二アンモニウム((NH4)2HPO4)0.6gとを蒸溜水50mlに溶かした溶液を添加し、それを1時間撹拌した。
酢酸バナジウムの代わりに、酢酸ニオブを使用したことを除いては、実施例4と同一の方法によって実施して複合正極活物質を得た。実施例5によって得た複合正極活物質は、OLO表面に、ニオブリン酸塩を含むコーティング膜が形成された構造を有し、ニオブリン酸塩の含量は、複合正極活物質総重量100重量部を基準にして、5重量部であった。
酢酸バナジウムの代わりに、酢酸タンタルを使用したことを除いては、実施例4と同一の方法によって実施して複合正極活物質を得た。実施例6によって得た複合正極活物質は、OLO表面に、タンタル燐酸塩を含むコーティング膜が形成された構造を有し、タンタル燐酸塩の含量は、複合正極活物質総重量100重量部を基準にして、5重量部であった。
実施例1によって製造された複合正極活物質を利用して、2032コインセル(coin cell)を次のように製作した。
実施例1によって製造された複合正極活物質の代わりに、実施例2〜4によって製造された複合正極活物質を使用したことを除いては、製作例1と同一の方法によって実施し、コインセルを製造した。
実施例1によって製造された複合正極活物質の代わりに、実施例5、6によって製造された複合正極活物質を使用したことを除いては、製作例1と同一の方法によって実施してコインセルを製造した。
実施例1によって製造された複合正極活物質の代わりに、比較例1によって製造された複合正極活物質を使用したことを除いては、製作例1と同一の方法によって実施し、コインセルを製造した。
製作例1〜4及び比較製作例1によって製造されたコインセルに対して、25℃でサイクル充放電を実施した。コインセルに対して、それぞれ4.8Vまで0.1Cで定電流充電した後、2Vまで0.1Cの定電流で放電した。当該サイクルを20回実施した。
容量維持率[%]=[20回目サイクルでの放電容量/最大放電容量]×100
評価の結果、製作例5、6によって製造されたコインセルは、製作例1と同等程度の寿命特性を示した。
製作例1〜4及び比較製作例1によって製造されたコインセルに対して、25℃でサイクル充放電を実施した。コインセルに対して、それぞれ4.8Vまで0.1Cで定電流充電した後、2Vまで0.1Cの定電流で放電した。当該サイクルを20回実施した。
製作例4及び比較製作例1によって製造されたコインセルに対して、25℃で最初及び2回目の充放電及びサイクル充放電を実施した。
実施例1によって得られた非晶質バナジウムリン酸塩に対するICP分析を実施した。ICP分析結果を下記表3に示した。
実施例4において得たバナジウムリン酸塩に対するX線回折分析(XRD)を、CuKα radiation(1.540598Å)を利用したRigaku RINT2200HF+回折計(diffractometer)を利用して実施し、その結果を図6に示した。図6には、比較のために、OLO(Li1.2Ni0.133Co0.133Mn0.534O2)(図6において、OLO−Refで表示)に対するX線回折分析結果も共に示した。
実施例4によって製造された複合正極活物質に対する透過電子顕微鏡分析を実施し、EDXマッピング写真を得た。ここで、TEM−EDXの分析時、Philips社のFEI Titan 80−300を利用した。TEM−EDXマッピング結果は、図7A〜図7Fに示されている通りである。図7A〜図7Fは、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、ニッケル(Ni)、酸素(O)、バナジウム(V)及びリン(P)についてのEDXマッピング写真である。
12 負極
13 正極
14 セパレータ
15 電池ケース
16 キャップアセンブリ
Claims (15)
- 下記化学式1で表される金属リン酸塩及びリチウム複合酸化物を含み、
前記リチウム複合酸化物は、下記化学式3〜4で表される化合物のうちから選択された1以上である、複合正極活物質:
(化学式1)
MxPyOz
前記化学式1で、Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された1以上であり、1≦y/x≦1.33、4≦z/y≦5であり、
前記化学式1で表される金属リン酸塩は、V3(PO4)4、Ta3(PO4)4またはNb3(PO4)4であり、
(化学式3)
Li1+xM1−xO2
前記化学式3で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、0<x≦0.3であり、
(化学式4)
LiaNibCocMndMeO2
前記化学式4で、1.1≦a<1.5、0<b<1、0≦c<1、0<d<1、0≦e<1及び0<b+c+d+e<1であり、Mは、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上である。 - 前記リチウム複合酸化物は、下記化学式5で表される化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合正極活物質:
(化学式5)
Li1+x1M1−x1O2
前記化学式5で、Mは、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、チタン(Ti)、バナジウム(V)、鉄(Fe)、ニオブ(Nb)及びモリブデン(Mo)からなる群から選択された1以上であり、0.1≦x1≦0.3である。 - 前記化学式1で表される金属リン酸塩が非晶質状態であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合正極活物質。
- 前記化学式1で表される金属リン酸塩の含量は、複合正極活物質100重量部を基準にして、0.01〜40重量部であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合正極活物質。
- 前記複合正極活物質は、リチウム複合酸化物及び前記リチウム複合酸化物の少なくとも一面上に、化学式1で表されるリン酸塩を含んだコーティング膜を有する構造体であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合正極活物質。
- 下記化学式1で表される金属リン酸塩とリチウム複合酸化物とを混合する段階を含み、請求項1〜5のうちいずれか1項に記載の複合正極活物質を得る複合正極活物質の製造方法:
(化学式1)
MxPyOz
前記化学式1で、Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された1以上であり、1≦y/x≦1.33、4≦z/y≦5である。 - 前記化学式1で表される金属リン酸塩は、M含有塩(Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)及びタンタル(Ta)のうちから選択された1以上)及び溶媒を混合し、M含有塩溶液を準備する段階と、
前記M含有塩溶液にリン酸系物質を添加し、それを反応させる段階と、
反応結果物を乾燥させる段階と、を含んで製造されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の複合正極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記M含有塩溶液とリン酸系物質との反応は、25〜80℃で実施されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の複合正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記リン酸系物質は、リン酸、ポリリン酸、ホスホン酸(H3PO3)、オルトリン酸(H3PO4)、ピロリン酸(H4P207)、トリリン酸(H5P3O10)、メタリン酸、リン酸二アンモニウム((NH4)2HPO4)、及びそれらの誘導体からなる群から選択された1以上であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の複合正極活物質の製造方法。
- M含有塩(Mは、バナジウム(V)、ニオブ(Nb)またはタンタル(Ta)である)及び溶媒を混合し、M含有塩溶液を準備する段階と、
前記M含有塩溶液にリン酸系物質及びリチウム複合酸化物を添加し、それを反応させる段階と、
反応結果物を乾燥させる段階と、を含み、請求項1〜5のうちいずれか1項に記載の複合正極活物質を得る複合正極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記M含有塩溶液とリン酸系物質との反応は、25〜80℃で実施されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の複合正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記リン酸系物質は、リン酸、ポリリン酸、ホスホン酸(H3PO3)、オルトリン酸(H3PO4)、ピロリン酸(H4P207)、トリリン酸(H5P3O10)、メタリン酸、リン酸二アンモニウム((NH4)2HPO4)、及びそれらの誘導体からなる群から選択された1以上であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の複合正極活物質の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のうちいずれか1項に記載の複合正極活物質を含む正極。
- 請求項13に記載の正極と、負極と、前記正極と前記負極との間に配置された電解質と、を含んだリチウム電池。
- 4.8Vまで0.1Cで定電流充電した後、2Vまでの0.1Cの定電流放電時、平均放電電圧が3.40V(vs.Li)以上であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載のリチウム電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020140191132A KR102379563B1 (ko) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | 복합 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 전지 |
KR10-2014-0191132 | 2014-12-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016127024A JP2016127024A (ja) | 2016-07-11 |
JP6932413B2 true JP6932413B2 (ja) | 2021-09-08 |
Family
ID=55022372
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015253722A Active JP6932413B2 (ja) | 2014-12-26 | 2015-12-25 | 複合正極活物質、その製造方法、それを含む正極、及びそれを含むリチウム電池 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160190585A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3038192B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6932413B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102379563B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105742581A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6083425B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 正極合材ペースト、正極、非水電解液二次電池、及び非水電解液二次電池の製造方法 |
CN107810571B (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2021-12-10 | A123系统有限责任公司 | 用于高功率应用的纳米级孔结构阴极和材料合成方法 |
US10644314B2 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2020-05-05 | Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey | Electrode material for lithium batteries |
US10374262B2 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2019-08-06 | Northwestern University | Protective cathode coatings for lithium-ion batteries |
JP7107633B2 (ja) | 2016-12-08 | 2022-07-27 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 非水電解質蓄電素子及びその製造方法 |
CN109964354B (zh) | 2017-01-30 | 2022-04-29 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
CN107359334B (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-06-19 | 贵州振华新材料有限公司 | 球形或类球形锂离子电池正极材料及锂离子电池 |
CN107230771B (zh) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-08-14 | 中南大学 | 一种磷酸钒包覆锂离子电池正极材料镍钴锰酸锂的方法 |
KR102244955B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-19 | 2021-04-27 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재, 이의 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
CN109742382B (zh) * | 2019-03-05 | 2023-06-27 | 湖南桑瑞新材料有限公司 | 表面包覆正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
JP7179956B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-12 | 2022-11-29 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池用正極およびリチウムイオン電池 |
CN111446434A (zh) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-24 | 华鼎国联四川电池材料有限公司 | 偏磷酸盐改性正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN114665092B (zh) * | 2020-12-22 | 2023-06-02 | 深圳市研一新材料有限责任公司 | 一种正极浆料组合物、正极浆料、正极极片及其二次电池 |
KR20240101231A (ko) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-07-02 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차전지의 제조 방법 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100424674B1 (ko) * | 2001-05-19 | 2004-03-27 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Vopo₄·2h₂o의 초음파 화학적 제조방법 및 리튬2차 전지 양극물질로의 용도 |
JP2003068303A (ja) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-07 | Yusaku Takita | 非水電解質二次電池用電極活物質、それを含む電極及び電池、並びに非水電解質二次電池用電極活物質の製造方法 |
CN101060173B (zh) * | 2006-04-19 | 2011-09-14 | 深圳市比克电池有限公司 | 锂锰复合氧化物、制备方法及含有该材料的电池 |
JP2011034943A (ja) * | 2009-03-16 | 2011-02-17 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP5359440B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2013-12-04 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 電解質及び二次電池 |
US10056644B2 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2018-08-21 | Zenlabs Energy, Inc. | Lithium ion batteries with long cycling performance |
CN101859887A (zh) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-10-13 | 华中科技大学 | 一种过渡金属磷酸盐包覆的锂离子电池复合正极材料 |
EP2737565B1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2019-09-25 | A123 Systems LLC | Blended cathode materials |
US9559352B2 (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2017-01-31 | Tdk Corporation | Active material, electrode using same, and lithium ion secondary battery |
JP6135253B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-07 | 2017-05-31 | ソニー株式会社 | 電極、リチウム二次電池、電池パック、電動車両、電力貯蔵システム、電動工具および電子機器 |
US20130344391A1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-26 | Sila Nanotechnologies Inc. | Multi-shell structures and fabrication methods for battery active materials with expansion properties |
KR101994260B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-15 | 2019-06-28 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 전지 |
KR101400593B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-05-27 | 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 | 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
GB201223473D0 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-02-13 | Faradion Ltd | Metal-containing compounds |
JP5999430B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-28 | 2016-09-28 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質およびそれを有するリチウムイオン二次電池 |
US9437863B2 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2016-09-06 | GM Global Technologies Operations LLC | Surface coating method and a method for reducing irreversible capacity loss of a lithium rich transitional oxide electrode |
CN105185990B (zh) * | 2015-08-17 | 2018-01-02 | 河南理工大学 | 一种球形锂离子二次电池正极材料一水磷酸钒的制备方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-12-26 KR KR1020140191132A patent/KR102379563B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2015
- 2015-12-23 EP EP15202271.1A patent/EP3038192B1/en active Active
- 2015-12-24 CN CN201510983035.6A patent/CN105742581A/zh active Pending
- 2015-12-25 JP JP2015253722A patent/JP6932413B2/ja active Active
- 2015-12-28 US US14/979,726 patent/US20160190585A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105742581A (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
KR102379563B1 (ko) | 2022-03-28 |
EP3038192B1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
KR20160079575A (ko) | 2016-07-06 |
EP3038192A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
US20160190585A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
JP2016127024A (ja) | 2016-07-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6932413B2 (ja) | 複合正極活物質、その製造方法、それを含む正極、及びそれを含むリチウム電池 | |
CN108807864B (zh) | 复合正极活性材料、含复合正极活性材料的正极和锂电池、及制备复合正极活性材料的方法 | |
CN106356507B (zh) | 用于锂电池的复合正极活性材料、其制备方法、用于锂电池的正极和锂电池 | |
CN107507973B (zh) | 复合正极活性材料、包括复合正极活性材料的正极和锂电池及制备复合正极活性材料的方法 | |
US10276870B2 (en) | Composite cathode active material, lithium battery including the same, and preparation method thereof | |
KR102572648B1 (ko) | 리튬전지용 복합양극활물질, 이를 포함하는 리튬전지용 양극 및 리튬전지 | |
JP5070686B2 (ja) | 非水電解質リチウムイオン電池用正極材料およびこれを用いた電池 | |
US9112221B2 (en) | Composite anode active material, anode and lithium battery comprising the material, and method of preparing the same | |
US10340510B2 (en) | Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, preparing method thereof, and lithium secondary battery including positive electrode including the same | |
WO2014080608A1 (ja) | ナノシリコン材料及び負極活物質とその製造方法及び蓄電装置 | |
US20150349333A1 (en) | Composite cathode active materials, preparation methods thereof, and lithium batteries including the composite cathode active materials | |
US20130119306A1 (en) | Composite, method of manufacturing the composite, negative electrode active material including the composite, negative electrode including the negative electrode active material, and lithium secondary battery including the same | |
JP2020068208A (ja) | 複合正極活物質、それを採用した正極及びリチウム電池、並びにその製造方法 | |
KR20130139711A (ko) | 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 전지 | |
US20160254546A1 (en) | Method of preparing positive electrode material for lithium secondary battery, positive electrode material for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode material | |
KR102679976B1 (ko) | 리튬전지용 복합 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 리튬전지용 양극 및 리튬전지 | |
US9979019B2 (en) | Composite positive electrode active material, method of manufacturing the same, positive electrode including the composite positive electrode active material, and lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode | |
JP6966188B2 (ja) | 二次電池用電解質、及びそれを含む二次電池 | |
CN114762149A (zh) | 正极活性材料、所述正极活性材料的制备方法以及具有包括所述正极活性材料的正极的锂二次电池 | |
JP7258373B6 (ja) | 正極活物質、その製造方法、及びそれを含む正極を含むリチウム二次電池 | |
JP2019530141A (ja) | リチウムイオン電池用複合正極活物質、その製造方法、及びそれを含む正極を含むリチウムイオン電池 | |
KR102273775B1 (ko) | 복합양극활물질, 이를 채용한 양극과 리튬 전지 및 그 제조방법 | |
JP6011313B2 (ja) | 負極活物質とその製造方法及び蓄電装置 | |
JP2018056021A (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP5534368B2 (ja) | 負極活物質及び蓄電装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20181114 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20190926 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20191018 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20191021 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200121 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20200622 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20201019 |
|
C60 | Trial request (containing other claim documents, opposition documents) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C60 Effective date: 20201019 |
|
C11 | Written invitation by the commissioner to file amendments |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C11 Effective date: 20201102 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20201216 |
|
C21 | Notice of transfer of a case for reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C21 Effective date: 20201221 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20210222 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210524 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20210719 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20210812 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6932413 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |