JP6894662B2 - 偏光板及び偏光板の製造方法 - Google Patents
偏光板及び偏光板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6894662B2 JP6894662B2 JP2015212151A JP2015212151A JP6894662B2 JP 6894662 B2 JP6894662 B2 JP 6894662B2 JP 2015212151 A JP2015212151 A JP 2015212151A JP 2015212151 A JP2015212151 A JP 2015212151A JP 6894662 B2 JP6894662 B2 JP 6894662B2
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- polarizing plate
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- dicarboxylic acid
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 81
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- -1 alkane diol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 57
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- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 27
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 12
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- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000005036 alkoxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
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- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- HTPXFGUCAUTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluorene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C2 HTPXFGUCAUTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003161 (C1-C6) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004171 alkoxy aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalic acid dimethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SWTUHYYCCASQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[9-[5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)naphthalen-1-yl]fluoren-9-yl]naphthalen-1-yl]oxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=C2C=CC=C(C2=CC=C1)C1(C2=CC=CC=C2C=2C=CC=CC12)C1=CC=CC2=C(C=CC=C12)OCCO SWTUHYYCCASQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HSSYVKMJJLDTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylphthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C(O)=O HSSYVKMJJLDTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KFDKNTQGTAEZGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C2 KFDKNTQGTAEZGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
ポリエステル樹脂は、ジオール成分(A)とジカルボン酸成分(B)とを重合成分(単量体成分)とし、エステル化とともに重合した樹脂であり、ジオール成分(A)及び/又はジカルボン酸成分(B)は、9,9−ビスアリールフルオレン骨格を有している。
ジオール成分(A)は、少なくとも下記式(1)で表されるフルオレンジオール成分、すなわち、フルオレンの9,9−位にそれぞれヒドロキシ(ポリ)アルコキシアリール基を有するジオール成分(A1)を含んでいる。
前記ジオール成分(A1)は、代表的には、下記式(1)で表すことができる。
他のジオール成分(A2)は、脂肪族ジオール(A2-1)、脂環族ジオール(A2-2)及び芳香族ジオール(A2-3)から選択された少なくとも一種であってもよい。
ジカルボン酸成分(B)は、脂肪族ジカルボン酸又はアルカンジカルボン酸(B1-1)、脂環族ジカルボン酸(B1-2)及び芳香族ジカルボン酸(B1-3)から選択された少なくとも一種のジカルボン酸(B1)を含んでいてもよい。
前記熱可塑性樹脂(特にポリエステル樹脂)は複屈折の値が小さいという特色があり、試験片を3倍延伸したときの複屈折(3倍複屈折)の値は、例えば、−100×10−4〜+120×10−4(例えば、−80×10−4〜+100×10−4)、好ましくは−50×10−4〜+70×10−4(例えば、−30×10−4〜+50×10−4)程度であってもよい。3倍複屈折は、レタデーション測定装置(大塚電子(株)製、RETS-100)を用い、測定温度20℃で、平行ニコル回転法にて、波長600nmでレタデーションを測定し、このレタデーション値を測定部位の厚みで除することで算出できる。なお、測定に用いた試験片は、樹脂を160〜240℃でプレス成形し、厚み100〜400μmのフィルムを調製し、得られたフィルムを15×50mmの短冊状に切り出し、ガラス転移温度(Tg)+10℃の温度で延伸倍率3倍に25mm/分で一軸延伸することにより調製できる。
基材フィルムは9,9−ビスアリールフルオレン骨格を有する熱可塑性樹脂で形成され、前記基材フィルムの厚みは、特に制限されず、例えば、1〜300μm、好ましくは5〜200μm、さらに好ましくは10〜150μm(例えば、15〜100μm)程度であってもよい。
親水性高分子の塗膜を形成する親水性高分子としては、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、例えば、ポリビニルアルコールとその誘導体が挙げられる。ポリビニルアルコールの誘導体としては、例えば、共重合性単量体と共重合した変性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリビニルホルマール、ポリビニルアセタールなどが例示できる。共重合性単量体としては、酢酸ビニルなどのカルボン酸ビニルエステルと共重合可能な成分、例えば、不飽和カルボン酸又はその誘導体((メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルなど)、不飽和スルホン酸又はその誘導体(スチレンスルホン酸、2−ビニルナフタレンスルホン酸など)、オレフィン(エチレン、プロピレンなどのα−C2−10オレフィンなど)などが例示できる。これらの共重合性単量体は単独で又は二種以上組み合わせて使用できる。共重合性単量体の使用量は全単量体に対して0〜25モル%程度であってもよい。
偏光板は、前記基材フィルム(透明保護フィルム)の一方の面に、親水性高分子を含有する水溶液を塗工した後、乾燥して、親水性高分子の塗膜を形成する工程(積層フィルムの調製工程)と、生成した積層フィルム(塗工フィルム)を延伸処理する工程(延伸積層フィルムの調製工程)と、延伸された親水性高分子層を二色性色素で染色処理する工程と、必要により親水性高分子層を架橋処理する工程とを経て調製できるとともに、延伸された親水性高分子層(偏光子)を、接着剤を介して他の基材(透明保護フィルム)に転写する転写工程が不要である。そのため、工程数を大幅に削減できるとともに製造設備も簡略化でき、歩留が向上する。さらに、転写フィルムなどの副資材も不要となり、製造コストを大幅に低減できる。なお、積層フィルムの延伸処理は、小さな倍率で予備的に延伸する予備延伸を含め、複数の工程で行ってもよく、積層フィルムの染色処理及び架橋処理は、任意の工程で行ってもよい。例えば、積層フィルムを予備的に延伸し、生成した予備延伸積層フィルムを染色及び/又は架橋処理し、生成した染色処理された予備延伸積層フィルムをさらに延伸処理し、偏光板を調製してもよい。
ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィ(東ソー(株)製、「HLC−8120GPC」)を用い、試料をクロロホルムに溶解させ、ポリスチレン換算で、分子量(重量平均分子量Mw)を測定した。
示差走査熱量計(セイコーインスツル(株)製、「DSC 6220」)を用いて、JIS K 7121に準拠して、ポリエステル樹脂のガラス転移温度Tgを測定した。
基材フィルムを、偏光板の調製と同じ延伸条件(温度及び倍率)で延伸し、得られた延伸フィルムについて位相差を測定した。
積層した偏光板(透明保護フィルム付き)の状態で偏光板の単体透過率を、レタデーション測定装置(大塚電子(株)製「RETS-100」)を用いて測定した。単体透過率は、2枚の同じ偏光板を、両者の透過軸を平行にして重ね合せたときの透過率(Tp)、および両者の透過軸を直行させて重ね合せたときの透過率(Tc)を波長550nmで測定し、以下の式によって算出した。
積層した偏光板(透明保護フィルム付き)の状態で偏光板の光学特性(偏光度)を、レタデーション測定装置(大塚電子(株)製、「RETS-100」)を用いて測定した。偏光度は、2枚の同じ偏光板を、両者の透過軸を平行にして重ね合せたときの透過率(Tp)、および両者の透過軸を直行させて重ね合せたときの透過率(Tc)を波長550nmで測定し、以下の式によって算出した。
9,9−ビス(4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル)フルオレン(大阪ガスケミカル(株)製、以下、BPEFと記す)0.25モル、エチレングリコール(関東化学(株)製、以下、EGと記す)2.75モル、1,4−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸(日興リカ(株)製、以下、CHDAと記す)1.00モルを反応槽に投入し、溶解させた後、エステル交換触媒として、酢酸マンガン・4水和物(関東化学(株)製)2.0×10−4モルと酢酸カルシウム・1水和物(関東化学(株)製)8.0×10−4モルを投入し、撹拌しながら常法に従って、230℃まで徐々に加熱し、エステル交換反応を行った。所定量のメタノールを系外に抜き出した後、重合触媒の酸化ゲルマニウム(関東化学(株)製)2.0×10−3モルと着色防止剤のトリメチルリン酸(関東化学(株)製)1.4×10−3モルを投入し、減圧しながら加熱し、270℃、0.13kPaに到達後、所定のトルクに達するまで撹拌を続けた。重合物は缶底より抜出し、水中をくぐらせたストランドを切断してペレット(樹脂1)を得た。
ポリエステル樹脂の組成(ジオール成分及び/又はジカルボン酸成分の導入組成)を、表1に示す条件とする以外、調製例1と同様にして、ペレット(樹脂2〜4)を得た。なお、表1中、DMTは、テレフタル酸ジメチル(関東化学(株)製)を示す。表1に示す組成割合は、前記と同様に、NMRで分析したポリエステル樹脂の組成割合である。なお、原料組成(仕込み組成)において、ジオール成分として、樹脂2及び3では、BPEF 0.8モル及びEG 2.2モルを用い、調製例1と同様にして、ポリエステル樹脂のペレットを調製した。
(ポリエステルフィルムの製膜)
調製例2で得られたペレット(樹脂2)をホットプレス装置で溶融プレスして、フィルムを調製した。
ポリビニルアルコール(和光純薬(株)製、平均重合度2000、ケン化度98%)を95℃の熱水で溶解して、濃度10重量%のポリビニルアルコール水溶液を調製した。
基材フィルムである上記ポリエステルフィルムの表面をコロナ放電処理し、アプリケーターを用いて上記ポリビニルアルコール水溶液をコーティングした後、Tg−20℃で10分間乾燥させて、基材フィルム上にポリビニルアルコールの塗膜を形成した。乾燥後のポリビニルアルコール層(偏光層)の厚みは10μm程度であった。
ポリビニルアルコールの塗膜が形成された積層フィルムを、表2に記載した各温度・延伸倍率にて自由端一軸延伸を行い、延伸積層フィルムを作製した。
上記延伸積層フィルムを30℃のホウ酸水溶液(ホウ酸/水=3/97(重量比))に30秒間浸漬した。その後、30℃のヨウ素溶液(ヨウ素/ヨウ化カリウム/水=0.3/2.1/97.6(重量比))に表2に記載の時間浸漬させ、偏光板を得た。
ペレットの種類やフィルムの延伸条件を、表2に示す条件とする以外、実施例1と同様にして、偏光板を得た。なお、得られた偏光板(延伸フィルム)に対して、実施例9〜20では、延伸温度と同一の温度で10分間熱固定するとともに、実施例17〜18及び20では、5重量%のヨウ化カリウム水溶液で420秒間洗浄した。
(ホウ酸処理・延伸処理)
実施例1と同様の方法で得られたポリビニルアルコールの塗膜が形成された積層フィルムを30℃のホウ酸水溶液(ホウ酸/水=3/97(重量比))に30秒間浸漬した。浸漬後の積層フィルムをホウ酸水溶液(ホウ酸/ヨウ化カリウム/水=4/5/91(重量比))中で、表2に記載した各温度・延伸倍率にて自由端一軸延伸を行い、延伸積層フィルムを得た。
得られた延伸積層フィルムを30℃のヨウ素溶液(ヨウ素/ヨウ化カリウム/水=0.3/2.1/97.6(重量比))に、表2に記載した時間浸漬した。
Claims (9)
- 基材フィルムと、この基材フィルムの表面に形成された親水性高分子の塗膜とが積層形態で延伸処理され、延伸された親水性高分子層が二色性色素で染色された偏光板であって、前記基材フィルムが、9,9−ビスアリールフルオレン骨格を有する熱可塑性樹脂で形成され;
前記熱可塑性樹脂が、ジオール成分(A)とジカルボン酸成分(B)とを単量体成分とするポリエステル樹脂であり、前記ジオール成分(A)が、下記式(1)
で表されるフルオレンジオール成分(A1)と、脂肪族ジオール(A2-1)とを前者/後者=10/90〜50/50(モル比)の割合で含み、
前記ジカルボン酸成分(B)が、脂環族ジカルボン酸(B1-2)からなり;
延伸された前記基材フィルムのレタデーションReが、波長590nmで測定したとき、厚み25μm換算で、0〜40nmであり;
偏光度が99%以上であり、かつ単体透過率が42.78〜49%である偏光板。 - ジオール成分(A)が、式(1)において、Z1及びZ2がベンゼン環又はナフタレン環、k1及びk2がそれぞれ0、R2a及びR2bがアルキレン基、m1及びm2がそれぞれ1〜5の整数、R3a及びR3bがアルキル基シクロアルキル基、アリール基、p1及びp2がそれぞれ0〜2の整数であるフルオレンジオール成分(A1)と、C2−10アルカンジオール(A2-1)とを含み、
ジカルボン酸成分(B)が、少なくともC4−12シクロアルカン−ジカルボン酸(B1-2)を含む請求項1記載の偏光板。 - ジオール成分(A)が、フルオレンジオール成分(A1)を全ジオール成分(A)に対して15モル%以上の割合で含む請求項1又は2記載の偏光板。
- 熱可塑性樹脂が、9,9−ビス(ヒドロキシ(ポリ)C2−6アルコキシC6−12アリール)フルオレン(A1)と、C2−6アルカンジオール(A2-1)とを前者/後者=20/80〜40/60(モル比)の割合で含むジオール成分(A)と、C5−10シクロアルカン−ジカルボン酸(B1-2)を含むジカルボン酸成分(B)とを単量体成分とする共重合ポリエステル樹脂である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の偏光板。
- 熱可塑性樹脂の重量平均分子量が4×104〜15×104であり、ガラス転移温度が60〜135℃である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の偏光板。
- 親水性高分子が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂を含む請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の偏光板。
- 延伸された親水性高分子層の厚みが1〜10μmである請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の偏光板。
- 基材フィルムに親水性高分子の塗膜を形成し、生成した積層フィルムを延伸処理し、延伸された親水性高分子層を二色性色素で染色し、偏光板を製造する方法であって、前記基材フィルムが、請求項1記載の9,9−ビスアリールフルオレン骨格を有する熱可塑性樹脂で形成されている偏光板の製造方法。
- 積層フィルムを延伸温度60〜150℃及び延伸倍率4〜8倍で一軸延伸する請求項8記載の偏光板の製造方法。
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