JP6730820B2 - 光検出器およびこれを用いたライダー装置 - Google Patents
光検出器およびこれを用いたライダー装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
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- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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Description
に関する。
第1実施形態による光検出器の断面図を図1に示す。この第1実施形態の光検出器1は、光を検出し電気信号に変換する複数(図1では2個)の光検出素子20a、20bを備えている。なお、図1には示していないが、光検出器1は、これら複数の光検出素子20a、20bによって変換された電気信号を処理するトランジスタを含む周辺回路を備えている。
次に、第1実施形態の光検出器の製造方法について図3(a)乃至図4(b)を参照して説明する。
このシミュレーションに用いた光検出素子20の断面図を図5に示す。この光検出素子20は、厚さが700μmの結晶性のシリコン基板11上に多孔質シリコン層12を形成し、この多孔質シリコン層12上に、 厚さ3μmのエピタキシャル成長層、すなわちn+型半導体層13およびp−型半導体層22に相当する層を形成し、最表層から0.5μmの位置を起点に深さ方向で2μm厚の吸収層を有した構造としている。光検出素子20の上部から任意の入射光が到来した際に、光吸収層16における光吸収効率をシミュレーションを用いて求めた。
第2実施形態によるライダー(Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging)装置を図11に示す。この第3実施形態のライダー装置は、レーザ光がターゲットまでを往復してくる時間を計測し、距離に換算する光飛行時間測距法(Time of Flight)を採用した距離画像センシングシステムであり、車載ドライブ−アシストシステム、リモートセンシング等に応用される。
Claims (8)
- 第1半導体層と、
前記第1半導体層上に配置された多孔質半導体層と、
前記多孔質半導体層の一部の領域に配置された第1導電型の第2半導体層と、前記第2半導体層上に配置された第2導電型の第3半導体層と、を有する少なくとも1つの光検出素子と、
を備えた光検出器。 - 第1半導体層と、
前記第1半導体層上に配置され厚さが3μm〜10μmの範囲にある多孔質半導体層と、
前記多孔質半導体層の一部の領域に配置された第1導電型の第2半導体層と、前記第2半導体層上に配置された第2導電型の第3半導体層と、を有する少なくとも1つの光検出素子と、
を備えた光検出器。 - 前記光検出素子は、前記第2半導体層の一部分上に配置された第2導電型の第4半導体層と、前記第3半導体層上に配置された第2導電型の第5半導体層とを更に備え、前記第4半導体層および前記第5半導体層の不純物濃度は、前記第3半導体層の不純物濃度よりも高い請求項1または2記載の光検出素子。
- 前記光検出素子は、アバランシェフォトダイオードを含む請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の光検出器。
- 前記多孔質半導体層は、母材と、この母材中に配置された空孔とを有し、前記空孔は前記母材よりも屈折率の低い材料または空気である請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の光検出器。
- 前記空孔の直径は、0.01μm〜1μmの範囲にある請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の光検出器。
- 前記空孔の直径は、0.1μm〜0.2μmの範囲にある請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の光検出器。
- レーザ光を発振するレーザ光発振器と、発振されたレーザ光を駆動する駆動回路と、走査ミラーと、前記駆動回路によって駆動されたレーザ光の一部を参照光として取り出すとともにその他のレーザ光を前記走査ミラーを介して対象物に照射する光学系と、前記走査ミラーを制御して前記対象物にレーザ光を照射するコントローラと、前記光学系によって取り出された参照光を検出する第1光検出器と、前記対象物からの反射光を受光する第2光検出器と、第1光検出器によって検出された参照光と、前記第2光検出器によって検出された反射光とに基づいて、前記対象物までの測距を行う距離計測回路と、前記距離計測回路によって測距された結果に基づいて、前記対象物を画像として認識する画像認識システムと、を備え、前記第2光検出器は請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の光検出器であるライダー装置。
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US15/384,938 US10600930B2 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-12-20 | Photodetector and LIDAR device using the same |
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US11121271B2 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2021-09-14 | W&WSens, Devices, Inc. | Microstructure enhanced absorption photosensitive devices |
JP7058479B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-18 | 2022-04-22 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 光検出器 |
JP6696695B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-16 | 2020-05-20 | 株式会社東芝 | 光検出装置およびこれを用いた被写体検知システム |
US11330202B2 (en) | 2018-02-02 | 2022-05-10 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Solid-state image sensor, imaging device, and method of controlling solid-state image sensor |
JP2019165181A (ja) | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | 光検出装置 |
US11556000B1 (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2023-01-17 | Red Creamery Llc | Distally-actuated scanning mirror |
JP7222851B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-29 | 2023-02-15 | 株式会社東芝 | 光検出器、光検出システム、ライダー装置、及び車 |
JP7153001B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-10-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 光検出器、光検出システム、ライダー装置、及び車 |
JP7379230B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-19 | 2023-11-14 | 株式会社東芝 | 光検出器、光検出システム、ライダー装置、及び車 |
CN115605774A (zh) * | 2020-04-22 | 2023-01-13 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司(Cn) | 光电系统 |
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