JP6511449B2 - 複合体およびそれを製造する方法 - Google Patents
複合体およびそれを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6511449B2 JP6511449B2 JP2016539604A JP2016539604A JP6511449B2 JP 6511449 B2 JP6511449 B2 JP 6511449B2 JP 2016539604 A JP2016539604 A JP 2016539604A JP 2016539604 A JP2016539604 A JP 2016539604A JP 6511449 B2 JP6511449 B2 JP 6511449B2
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- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
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- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
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Description
複合体の構成要素は、研磨用粒子、ナノフィブリル化セルロース(NFC)、および任意の有機バインダである。
図1は、複合体の製造の基本原理を示す。製造方法は、研磨粒子APと、ナノフィブリル化セルロースNFCとを混合工程1において、液体懸濁液、好ましくは水性懸濁液に混合することを含む。可能なバインダBの添加も示されている。得られた混合物は、NFCおよび研磨粒子を所定の割合で含む。研磨粒子の量は、乾燥物質として計算されたNFCのものよりも高い。比較的低い濃度のナノフィブリル化セルロースゲルは、研磨粒子を均一に分散させ、NFCのヒドロゲルにおける研磨粒子の分散液は、NFCのレオロジー特性、特に極めて希薄な分散液においてさえ高いゼロせん断粘度と高い降伏応力とによって安定である。研磨粒子が混合されるNFCの濃度は、1〜30%、好ましくは、1〜4wt%である。
研磨用粒子と、可能な他の成分とは、NFCの水性分散液(ヒドロゲル)に混合され、該水性分散液は、通常1〜4%濃度である。しかしながら、これらの材料は、効果的な混合を用いて、10〜30%濃度のより濃い「ペースト状」分散液に混合されてもよい。
30g フェノール樹脂
125g 顆粒
0.5g NFC
スラリーとして不織布材料に噴霧した。
30g フェノール樹脂
75g 顆粒
0.58g NFC
スラリーとして織物材料に噴霧した。
10g 顆粒
4.6g NFC
成形され、乾燥された。
7g SiC顆粒 + 2.5g NFC(ドライオンドライ)7g
Claims (38)
- ナノフィブリル化セルロース(NFC)と、モーススケールで7を超える硬度を有する研磨用粒子とを含み、該ナノフィブリル化セルロースは、当該研磨用粒子について三次元の連結網状組織を形成し、
前記NFCは、イオン修飾された誘導体化NFCであり、
前記研磨粒子の重量平均粒子径は、20μm〜500μmであることを特徴とする複合体。 - 前記研磨用粒子は、少なくとも8以上の硬度を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 前記研磨用粒子は、酸化アルミニウム、炭化ケイ素、炭化ホウ素、窒化ホウ素、ジルコニアアルミナ、コランダム、ダイヤモンド、およびセラミック研磨剤から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の複合体。
- ナノフィブリル化セルロースと前記研磨用粒子との前記連結網状組織によって形成される構造体に空隙を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記研磨用粒子は、NFCによって少なくとも部分的に囲まれていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記研磨用粒子は、前記複合体の外表面上においてもNFCによって覆われていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の複合体。
- 前記複合体の空隙は、相互に連結した孔を形成することを特徴とする請求項4〜6のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- ナノフィブリル化セルロースと前記研磨用粒子との前記連結網状組織によって形成される構造体は、基質上における被覆の形態であることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記基質は、剛体であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の複合体。
- 前記基質は、柔軟なシート状体であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の複合体。
- 前記基質は、繊維基質など、多孔性のものであり、たとえば織布、ニット布、もしくは不織布、または紙もしくは厚紙などであることを特徴とする請求項8〜10のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- ナノフィブリル化セルロースおよび前記研磨用粒子の前記連結網状組織によって形成される構造体は、顆粒、糸、細糸の形式の独立構造体、もしくは該糸もしくは細糸から作製される織物構造体、シート状製品、または、円盤などの剛体などであることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- ナノフィブリル化セルロースと前記研磨用粒子との前記連結網状組織によって形成される構造体において、ホルムアルデヒド樹脂(ウレアホルムアルデヒド、フェノールホルムアルデヒド)などのバインダ樹脂も含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記連結網状組織において、ナノフィブリル化セルロースの小繊維は、前記研磨用粒子の間の空間に自己集合することを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記誘導体化NFCは、前記研磨用粒子および/または適切な前記基質と、イオン結合または共有結合を形成することを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記研磨用粒子は、イオン修飾されたセルロースと帯電複合体を形成することを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記NFCは、NFCに、前記研磨用粒子に、または適切な前記基質に、内部で共有結合する、アルデヒド基を含む誘導体化NFCであることを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記NFCは、アセタールまたはヘミアセタール反応によって、NFCに、前記研磨用粒子に、または適切な前記基質に、内部で共有結合する、アルデヒド基を含む誘導体化NFCであることを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 研磨用粒子:NFCの割合は、乾燥物質として、1:2〜1:0.05(w/w)であることを特徴とする請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- 前記ナノフィブリル化セルロースは、植物由来のものであることを特徴とする請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の複合体。
- ナノフィブリル化セルロース(NFC)を含む複合体を製造するための方法であって、
− NFCの水性分散液と、モーススケールで7を超える硬度を有する研磨用粒子とを混合することと、
− 水を、NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物から除去することとを含み、
前記NFCは、イオン修飾された誘導体化セルロースであり、
前記研磨粒子の重量平均粒子径は、20μm〜500μmであることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記研磨用粒子は、少なくとも8以上の硬度を有することを特徴とする請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記NFCは、液体除去の間に自己集合することを特徴とする請求項21または22に記載の方法。
- 前記NFCは、液体除去の間に、前記研磨用粒子を方向付けし、同時に該粒子間の自己配向付けをすることを特徴とする請求項21〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物からの液体除去は、少なくとも部分的に押圧によって実施されることを特徴とする請求項21〜24のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物からの液体除去は、押圧によって実施され、その後、残余の液体は、該混合物が自由に収縮する間に蒸発によって除去されることを特徴とする請求項25に記載の方法。
- NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物からの水の除去は、該混合物のpHを低下させることによって促進されることを特徴とする請求項21〜26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物からの水の除去は、水をエタノールなどの水溶性有機溶媒で置換えることによって促進されることを特徴とする請求項21〜26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 50%を超える液体は、蒸発以外の方法によって除去され、残余の液体は、蒸発によって除去されることを特徴とする請求項25〜28のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物は、基質上に噴霧されることを特徴とする請求項21〜29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 液体は、蒸発によって除去されることを特徴とする請求項30に記載の方法。
- NFCと研磨用粒子との混合物は、オリフィス、ノズル、または押出ダイを通されて細長い物体にされ、該細長い物体から液体が除去されることを特徴とする請求項21〜29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 0.8〜5mmの総厚を有する円盤は、混合物のみ、または混合物と基質とから作製されることを特徴とする請求項21〜29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ナノフィブリル化セルロースは、植物由来のものであることを特徴とする請求項21〜33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 加工対象物を処理するための、請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の複合体の使用。
- 前記処理は、粉砕、磨き、または切断であることを特徴とする請求項35に記載の使用。
- 前記処理は、ガラスまたは金属の切断であることを特徴とする請求項36に記載の使用。
- 制動時の摩擦表面のための、請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の複合体の使用。
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